Pressurization and Annealing Effect Analysis Through Hole Expansion

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chetan P. Nikhare
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Manufacturing ◽  
Ductile Material ◽  
Test Machine ◽  
Biaxial Test ◽  
Effect Analysis ◽  
Hole Expansion ◽  
Biaxial Tests ◽  
Deformation Mechanics ◽  
Conical Tool ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Due to continuous push towards environmental regulations to reduce the impact on the environment by reducing the fuel consumption, and concerns on limited resources, the more sustainable manufacturing is in demand. More abundance material like iron-carbon based alloy are higher strength and easily formable but ways are research to reduce the weight of created part by reducing the thickness due to density issue. Some low dense material is the alternatives but they miss the easy to deform spot. The present study is focused on how to make the material more deformable in the process by evaluating the parameters in deformation through the hole expansion process. For this study, four tests were chosen hemispherical dome test, cylindrical tool test, conical tool test, and biaxial test. In all tests, only the biaxial test machine does not use the rigid tool to deform the hole while all other test used the rigid tool punch to deform the hole. Cruciform specimen dimension was used to make the sample, which fits in all of the considered tests. A hole was created at the center of the specimen which will be expanded in all tests. In all tests the deformation mechanics and hole expansion was studied. Force-displacement curves were plotted and discussed. In addition, tests were also performed on annealed material to understand the hole expansion in ductile material. Based on the results it was observed that biaxial tests do not provide any pressurization effect and all test which includes the rigid tool to deform the hole does. Due to the pressurization effect, the hole was expanded more. It was also noted that the hole expansion was more in ductile material and pressurization effect increases with ductile material.

scholarly journals Study of biaxial mechanical properties of the passive pig heart: material characterisation and categorisation of regional differences

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Fulufhelo Nemavhola
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Constitutive Model ◽  
Computational Models ◽  
Heart Diseases ◽  
Interventricular Septum ◽  
Model Material ◽  
Biaxial Test ◽  
Material Behaviour ◽  
Material Parameters ◽  
Biaxial Tests

AbstractRegional mechanics of the heart is vital in the development of accurate computational models for the pursuit of relevant therapies. Challenges related to heart dysfunctioning are the most important sources of mortality in the world. For example, myocardial infarction (MI) is the foremost killer in sub-Saharan African countries. Mechanical characterisation plays an important role in achieving accurate material behaviour. Material behaviour and constitutive modelling are essential for accurate development of computational models. The biaxial test data was utilised to generated Fung constitutive model material parameters of specific region of the pig myocardium. Also, Choi-Vito constitutive model material parameters were also determined in various myocardia regions. In most cases previously, the mechanical properties of the heart myocardium were assumed to be homogeneous. Most of the computational models developed have assumed that the all three heart regions exhibit similar mechanical properties. Hence, the main objective of this paper is to determine the mechanical material properties of healthy porcine myocardium in three regions, namely left ventricle (LV), mid-wall/interventricular septum (MDW) and right ventricle (RV). The biomechanical properties of the pig heart RV, LV and MDW were characterised using biaxial testing. The biaxial tests show the pig heart myocardium behaves non-linearly, heterogeneously and anisotropically. In this study, it was shown that RV, LV and MDW may exhibit slightly different mechanical properties. Material parameters of two selected constitutive models here may be helpful in regional tissue mechanics, especially for the understanding of various heart diseases and development of new therapies.

scholarly journals Effects of temperature and impactor nose diameter on the impact behavior of PA6 and PP thermoplastic composites

2018 ◽  
Vol 51 (1) ◽  
pp. 64-74 ◽  
Author(s):  
Akar Dogan ◽  
Yusuf Arman
Keyword(s):  
Load Capacity ◽  
Testing Machine ◽  
Polyamide 6 ◽  
Impact Testing ◽  
Impact Behavior ◽  
Thermoplastic Composites ◽  
Test Machine ◽  
Effects Of Temperature ◽  
Impact Energies ◽  
The Impact

In this study, the effects of temperature and impactor nose diameter on the impact behavior of woven glass-reinforced polyamide 6 (PA6) and polypropylene (PP) thermoplastic composites were investigated experimentally. Impact energies are chosen as 10, 30, 50, 70, 90, 110, 130, and 170 J. The thickness of composite materials is 4 mm. Impact tests were performed using a drop weight impact testing machine, CEAST-Fractovis Plus, and the load capacity of test machine is 22 kN. Hemispherical impactor nose diameter of 12, 7, and 20 mm were used as an impactor. The tests are conducted at room temperature (20°C and 75°C). As a result, the PP composites of the same thickness absorbed more energy than PA6 composites. The amount of absorbed energy of PP and PA6 composites decreased with temperature.

Anisotropic Plastic Behavior of TRIP 780 Steel Sheet in Hole Expansion Test

2012 ◽  
Vol 504-506 ◽  
pp. 89-94 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sansot Panich ◽  
Vitoon Uthaisangsuk ◽  
Surasak Suranuntchai ◽  
Suwat Jirathearanat
Keyword(s):  
Steel Sheet ◽  
Flow Behavior ◽  
Plastic Anisotropy ◽  
Yield Potential ◽  
Uniaxial Tensile ◽  
Plastic Behavior ◽  
Biaxial Test ◽  
Hole Expansion ◽  
Expansion Test ◽  
Hole Expansion Test

Plastic behavior of advanced high strength steel sheet of grade TRIP780 (Transformation Induced Plasticity) was investigated using three different yield functions, namely, the von Mises’s isotropic, Hill’s anisotropic (Hill’48), and Barlat’s anisotropic (Yld2000-2d) criterion. Uniaxial tensile and balanced biaxial test were conducted for the examined steel in order to characterize flow behavior and plastic anisotropy in different stress states. Additionally, disk compression test was performed for obtaining the balanced r-value. According to the different yield criteria, yield stresses and r-values were calculated for different directions and then compared with experimental data. To verify the modeling accuracy, a hole expansion test was carried out experimentally and numerically by FE simulation. Stress-strain curve from the biaxial test was described using voce and swift hardening models. Punch load and stroke, final hole radius, and strain distribution on specimen surface along the hole circumference and the specimen diameter in rolling and transverse directions were determined and compared with the experimental results. It was found that the simulations applying Yld2000-2d yield function provided an acceptable agreement. Consequently, it is noted that the anisotropic yield potential significantly affects the accuracy of the predicted deformation behavior of sheet metal subjected to hole expanding load.

scholarly journals Aluminium Foams in the Design of Transport Means

1970 ◽  
Vol 24 (4) ◽  
pp. 295-304 ◽  
Author(s):  
Krešimir Grilec ◽  
Gojko Marić ◽  
Katica Miloš
Keyword(s):  
Energy Absorption ◽  
Mechanical Energy ◽  
Aluminium Foam ◽  
Test Machine ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Compression Tests ◽  
Compression Behaviour ◽  
Low Weight ◽  
Good Energy ◽  
The Impact

The requirements for weight reduction and improvement of performances in the design of transport means are often in contradiction to the requirements for increased safety. One of the possible ways of meeting these requirements is the application of metal foams. Thanks to cellular structure of aluminium foam along with low weight, the capability of noise and vibration damping, they feature also excellent capabilities of absorbing impact energy. Their application in the production of impact-sensitive elements of mobile or stationary transport means has significantly contributed to the reduction of the impact or collision consequences.The focus of this paper is on improving the energy absorption characteristics of aluminium foams considering the significance of their application for the technology of traffic and transport.The paper analyzes the influence of the chemical composition and density on the compression behaviour of aluminium foam. The aluminium foam samples were produced from Alulight precursor. The capability of samples to absorb mechanical energy has been estimated according to the results of compression tests. The tests were performed on a universal test machine. The test results showed that aluminium foams feature good energy absorption and the absorption capability decreases with the foam density. The Alulight AlMgSi 0.6 TiH2 - 0.4 foam can absorb more energy than Alulight AlSi 10 TiH2 – 0.8 foam.

Impact Tests in an Air-Water Mixture

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aboulghit El Malki Alaoui
Keyword(s):  
High Speed ◽  
Volume Fraction ◽  
Optical Probe ◽  
Test Machine ◽  
Water Mixture ◽  
Air Bubble ◽  
Impact Tests ◽  
Void Fractions ◽  
Shock Test Machine ◽  
The Impact

Experimental impact tests were performed using a shock machine and aerated water by means of an air-bubble generator. High speed shock test machine allows carrying out tests of impact on water (slamming). This machine permits to stabilise velocity with a maximal error equal to 10% during slamming tests. The air volume fraction in the bubble was measured by optical probe technique. The present work is aimed at quantifying the effects of the aeration on the hydrodynamic loads and pressures during the entry of a rigid body at constant speed in an air-water mixture. The impact tests were conducted with a rigid pyramid for an impact velocity equal to 15 m.s−1 and for two average void fractions, 0,46% and 0,84%. The reduction of the impact force and pressure due to aeration has been confirmed by these experiments.

AN EMPIRICAL STUDY ON THE IMPACT OF SUSTAINABLE MANUFACTURING PRACTICES AND INNOVATION PERFORMANCE ON ENVIRONMENTAL SUSTAINABILITY

2015 ◽  
Vol 77 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
N. Hami ◽  
M.R. Muhammad ◽  
Z. Ebrahim
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Sustainability ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Sustainable Manufacturing ◽  
Business Environment ◽  
Manufacturing Firms ◽  
Innovation Performance ◽  
Mediating Effect ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

This study analyzes the causal relationship between sustainable manufacturing practice (SMP) and environmental sustainability as well as determines the mediating effect of innovation performance (IP) on the relationship between SMP and environmental sustainability. Adaptation from the changing business environment, manufacturing firms are facing great challenge on producing more products with less resource consumption, pollution emitted and waste generated. Using structural equation modeling, the survey data collected from 150 Malaysian manufacturing firms has been analyzed in this study. The empirical results show that both types of SMP have a positive and significant impact on environmental sustainability with external SMP is greater than internal SMP. However, there is no significant evidence to prove IP as a mediator for SMP-environmental sustainability linkage. The findings of this paper have important implication in both theoretical and practical perspectives. While provide better understanding of the phenomena by simultaneously analyzing a series of dependence relationships among SMP, IP and environmental sustainability, these results could help managers to understand the types of practices that would improve their environmental performance.  

scholarly journals Strength characterization of glass/epoxy plain weave composite under different biaxial loading ratios

2020 ◽  
Vol 54 (19) ◽  
pp. 2549-2563
Author(s):  
A Kobeissi ◽  
P Rahme ◽  
L Leotoing ◽  
D Guines
Keyword(s):  
Biaxial Loading ◽  
Central Zone ◽  
Correlation Method ◽  
Axial Loading ◽  
Failure Criteria ◽  
Image Correlation ◽  
Biaxial Test ◽  
Cruciform Specimen ◽  
Plain Weave ◽  
Biaxial Tests

Over the past years, various studies have been investigated in order to characterize the behavior of composite materials under different multi-axial loading conditions. One of the most used biaxial techniques is the in-plane biaxial test on cruciform specimens. To achieve reliable biaxial failure results, the design of the cruciform specimen presents a crucial part. Previous studies show that there is no well-adapted cruciform geometry for the composite biaxial tests. In this paper, an optimal cruciform specimen has been defined numerically for the composite characterization test. The specimen is composed of two aluminum tabs glued on top and bottom side of the plain-weave glass/epoxy composite. Finite element simulations have been carried out in order to study the influence of the aluminum grade and thickness on the stress distribution in the composite. An experimental validation confirms the failure of the specimen in the central zone under three different biaxial tensile ratios. The experimental strains were evaluated using the digital image correlation method. The traction/traction quadrant of the failure envelop was obtained and compared with different failure criteria. The maximum strain criterion shows a good agreement with the experimental results.

The dominance of water on lubrication properties of articular joints

2019 ◽  
Vol 72 (1) ◽  
pp. 31-37
Author(s):  
Hakan Göçerler ◽  
Bernhard Pfeil ◽  
Friedrich Franek ◽  
Christoph Bauer ◽  
Eugenia Niculescu-Morzsa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Synovial Fluid ◽  
Test System ◽  
Test Machine ◽  
Distilled Water ◽  
Entire System ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Lubrication Regimes ◽  
Specimen Holder ◽  
The Individual ◽  
The Impact

Purpose The paper aims to focus on the individual contribution of water to the lubrication regimes in articular joints because understanding of these regimes is crucial not only for the treatment of diseases like osteoarthritis but also for the development of new implants to have a longer service cycle. Design/methodology/approach Cartilage specimen and the synovial fluid were both isolated from bovine knee joints that are enclosed by a synovial membrane under sterile conditions of a biosafety Level 2 (BSL2) cabinet. Subchondral bone was removed from the cartilage because it not only creates a stable base to place the specimen on the holder, but it also acts as a primary shock absorber protecting the overlaying cartilage under high-impact loads. A specimen holder specially designed for tests and was attached to the linear oscillation (SRV) test machine. The SRV test machine provides a reciprocating sliding motion between the cartilage samples that are submerged into the selected biological media. The entire system can be mounted on the BSL2 cabinet, sealed with the convoluted gaiter and transported to the SRV machine with a specifically designed handle for the entire system. The process ensures sterile conditions for tests on biological samples that are highly sensitive to the environmental conditions. Findings A remarkably low coefficient of friction value for distilled water constitutes more evidence to support the assumption of the impact of water in the friction behaviour of the cartilage-against-cartilage contact. As the fluid in articular cartilage (AC) effectively serves as a synovial fluid reserve and 70-80 per cent of its composition is distilled water, it can be stated that the tribotest system mimics the natural working conditions of an actual knee joint adequately. Research limitations/implications Time and limited availability of the animal-driven samples led to a focus on certain parameters mentioned in the approach. A planned scan of parameter matrix, such as variation of load and speed, would allow deeper knowledge on the lubrication regimes. Practical implications Study of relevant tribological contact in human joints might give ideas on new designs for artificial joints. Social implications Understanding of lubrication regimes is crucial not only for the treatment of diseases like osteoarthritis but also for the development of new implants to adapt motion of related joint. Originality/value Exclusion of water and application as the primary lubricant in the test system brings a new perspective to joint lubrication.

scholarly journals The effect analysis of the research results on the spatial concentration and utilization sharing of research equipment

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
pp. 184797901771035
Author(s):  
Donghun Yoon
Keyword(s):  
Performance Index ◽  
Research Paper ◽  
Spatial Concentration ◽  
Effect Analysis ◽  
Research Results ◽  
Research Institutes ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Equipment Utilization ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Research Equipment

In this study, research materials for the spatial concentration and utilization sharing of research equipment were surveyed, and then the effect factor and the effectiveness were analyzed based on the research results. Also, information regarding research result creation was provided through research equipment utilization sharing. The research results of 100 researchers (25 national research institutes in the Ministry of Science, ICT (Information and Communications Technologies), and Future Planning of South Korea) were chosen for the effect analysis. For the study results, the medicine and pharmacy researchers showed better performance in research equipment utilization sharing than the natural science and engineering researchers. The number of research paper coauthors and the research equipment utilization sharing execution policy of research institutes influenced the rate of research equipment utilization sharing. The research field, the number of research paper coauthors, the research equipment utilization sharing execution policy of research institutes, and the research institute characteristics influenced the utilization sharing of research equipment in the research environment. Also, the utilization sharing of research equipment was statistically significantly influenced by the number of research papers and the impact factor (IF). The utilization sharing of research equipment was not statistically significantly influenced, however, by the IF mean. In this study, the quantitative performance index was found to be effective, and the qualitative performance index was found to be ineffective. In the analysis model, when the researchers followed the research equipment utilization sharing execution policy of the research institutes, the research results improved.

Numerical Investigation of the Damage Evolution in Vibration Assisted Nano Impact Machining by Loose Abrasives With Different Operating Parameters

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nick H. Duong ◽  
J. Ma ◽  
Shuting Lei
Keyword(s):  
Material Removal ◽  
Frictional Coefficient ◽  
Material Model ◽  
Impact Angle ◽  
Ductile Material ◽  
Nanoscale Material ◽  
Impact Speed ◽  
Atomic Force ◽  
Afm Probe ◽  
The Impact

In this paper, the commercial FEM software package Abaqus is employed to model a novel nanomachining process, in which an atomic force microscope (AFM) is used as a platform and the nano abrasives injected in slurry between the workpiece and the vibrating AFM probe impact the workpiece and result in nanoscale material removal. Diamond particles are used as loose abrasives. The ductile material model is used to describe the behavior of the silicon workpiece. The effects of impact speed, impact angle, and the frictional coefficient between the workpiece and abrasives on material removal mechanism are investigated. It is found that the impact speed, impact angle, and frictional coefficient between the silicon workpiece and nanoabrasives have big influence on material removal volume in this novel nanomachining process.

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