scholarly journals The Coaching Needs of High Performance Female Athletes within the Coach-Athlete Dyad

2015 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 15-28 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leanne Norman
Keyword(s):  
High Performance ◽  
Female Athletes ◽  
Phenomenological Approach ◽  
Research Literature ◽  
Practical Significance ◽  
Positive Communication ◽  
Responsive Coaching ◽  
Coaching Preferences

Within the research literature there is little work that has examined how coaches (and coaching) can positively influence female athletes’ continued participation and development in performance sport. One barrier that has been recently cited that prevents more women from progressing in sport is the inability of coaches to understand how to engage their female athletes. With this in mind, utilising a phenomenological approach, the current study focused on the coaching preferences of female athletes within the elite coach-athlete dyad. Through interviews with 27 current high performance female athletes, four major coaching needs were found. These were: to be supported as a person as well a performer, coaching to be a joint endeavour, the need for positive communication, and recognition of the salience of gender within the coach-athlete dyad. The findings highlight the complexities and contradictions that are inherent within such a relationship, but ultimately provide evidence that the relational expertise of coaches is at the forefront of these women’s coaching needs. The present study also demonstrates that gender is a salient influence on the coach-athlete relationship. Such findings hold practical significance through demonstrating the need for gender-responsive coaching practitioners.

scholarly journals Differences in Muscle Strength of the Dominant and Non-Dominant Leg of High Performance Female Athletes

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (88) ◽  
Author(s):  
Roberta Sadauskaitė Zarembienė ◽  
Renata Žumbakytė Šermukšnienė ◽  
Mantas Mickevičius
Keyword(s):  
Muscle Strength ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Female Athletes ◽  
Research Literature ◽  
Knee Extensors ◽  
Adductor Muscles ◽  
Extensor Muscles ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Hip Abductor ◽  
Muscle Groups

Research  background  and  hypothesis.  According  research  literature,  the  imbalance  of  hip  muscles  in  the dominant and non-dominant leg can cause wear and tear of the knee joint or tendinitis. Therefore the study was carried out to determine whether there were differences in muscle strength and if muscle differences had influence  on knee joints of dominant and non-dominant legs for high performance women athletes. Research aim was to compare muscle strength of knee flexor, extensor and hip abductor, adductor muscles of the dominant and non-dominant legs for high performance female athletes.Research methods. There were 53 high performance female athletes participating in the study, whose maximum strength of flexor and extensor muscles of knee, as well as abductor and adductor muscles of hip had been measured using a dynamometer MMT – Manual Muscle Tester. Research results. The strength of flexor and extensor muscles of knee of the non-dominant leg was significantly higher than that of the dominant leg. There was no statistically significant difference in strength of abductor and adductor muscles of the dominant and non-dominant leg.Discussion and conclusions. The strength of flexor and extensor muscles of knee of non-dominating leg for high performance female athletes was significantly greater than muscle strength of the dominant leg. There was no statistically significant difference in the strength of the abductor and adductor muscles of hip of the dominant and non-dominant leg. It is advisable to develop exercises to strengthen these muscle groups in order to prevent knee injury in the future.Keywords: knee flexors, knee extensors, hip abductors, hip adduction.

scholarly journals Research and practice

2014 ◽  
Vol 70 (6) ◽  
pp. 1039-1053 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark Hepworth ◽  
Philipp Grunewald ◽  
Geoff Walton
Keyword(s):  
Phenomenological Approach ◽  
Critical Discussion ◽  
Research Literature ◽  
Research Experience ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Information Behaviour ◽  
Relative Value ◽  
Participative Approach ◽  
Key Issues ◽  
Participative Design

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to provide a critical discussion on the nature of research into people's information behaviour, and in particular the contribution of the phenomenological approach for the development of information solutions. Design/methodology/approach – The approach takes the form of a conceptual analysis drawing on the research literature and personal research experience. Findings – The paper brings to the foreground the relative value of different conceptual approaches and how these underpin and relate to the development of information solutions. Research limitations/implications – The paper, due to the breadth and complexity of the subject, serves to highlight key issues and bringing together ideas. Some topics deserve further explanation. However, this was beyond the scope of this paper. Practical implications – A conceptual framework is provided that indicates the value of the epistemic spectrum for information behaviour studies and provides support for action research and participative design. Social implications – Taking a phenomenological approach, and consequently either a first person approach and/or a highly participative approach to research, challenges the relationship between researcher and respondent. It also raises questions about why the authors conduct research and for whom it is intended. Originality/value – The paper makes explicit the underlying philosophical assumptions and how these ideas influence the way the authors conduct research; it highlights the significance of Cartesian dualism and indicates the significance of these assumptions for the development of information solutions. It supports the view that researchers and developers should be open to respondents leading the exploration of their needs.

Do adaptable employees always display high performance? Dual roles of proactive behavior and self-construal

2021 ◽  
Vol 49 (8) ◽  
pp. 1-16
Author(s):  
Yanzhao Bi ◽  
Jie Zhang ◽  
Qi Nie ◽  
Miaomiao Wang
Keyword(s):  
Organizational Behavior ◽  
Organizational Performance ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Path Model ◽  
Practical Significance ◽  
Career Adaptability ◽  
Proactive Behavior ◽  
Self Construal ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
Time Lagged

We examined a dual-path model to explain the opposite roles of career adaptability and organizational performance. We used a time-lagged survey of 53 supervisors and 327 employees in China to collect data. Results show that career-oriented proactive behavior mediated the negative effect of career adaptability on performance, and work unitoriented proactive behavior mediated the positive effect of career adaptability on performance. Moreover, the effects of career adaptability and career-oriented proactive behavior on performance were significant only for employees with high independent selfconstrual, and the effects of career adaptability and work unit-oriented proactive behavior on performance were significant only for employees with high interdependent self-construal. This study extends career construction theory in the organizational behavior field and has practical significance for the effective guiding of adaptable employees' contribution to organizational performance.

scholarly journals The use of effect size indices to determine practical significance

2006 ◽  
Vol 25 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
H. S. Styn ◽  
S. M. Ellis
Keyword(s):  
Effect Size ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Empirical Studies ◽  
Research Literature ◽  
Effect Sizes ◽  
Practical Significance ◽  
Significance Tests ◽  
Statistical Application ◽  
Significant Difference

The determination of significance of differences in means and of relationships between variables is of importance in many empirical studies. Usually only statistical significance is reported, which does not necessarily indicate an important (practically significant) difference or relationship. With studies based on probability samples, effect size indices should be reported in addition to statistical significance tests in order to comment on practical significance. Where complete populations or convenience samples are worked with, the determination of statistical significance is strictly speaking no longer relevant, while the effect size indices can be used as a basis to judge significance. In this article attention is paid to the use of effect size indices in order to establish practical significance. It is also shown how these indices are utilized in a few fields of statistical application and how it receives attention in statistical literature and computer packages. The use of effect sizes is illustrated by a few examples from the research literature.

scholarly journals The Essence of Education in Disruptive COVID-19 Crisis: Capturing the Lived Experience of College Students in the Philippines

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Cahapay
Keyword(s):  
College Students ◽  
Lived Experience ◽  
Indigenous Peoples ◽  
Phenomenological Approach ◽  
Recovery Phase ◽  
The Philippines ◽  
Practical Significance ◽  
Positive Outcomes ◽  
Marginalized Groups ◽  
Relevant Education

Asserting a responsive, appropriate, and relevant education has historically always been a problem for most learners from marginalized groups. This extant inequality has been magnified in the present novel crisis. Thus, drawing from the lived experience of college students belonging to the marginalized group of indigenous peoples, this research described the essence of education in the context of the current COVID-19 crisis. Following the phenomenological approach based upon the hermeneutic rule of Dahlberg et al. (2008), the researcher interviewed 10 Filipino college students who identify themselves as indigenous peoples. Four themes emerged: 1.) It surprised me: Education has a changed ecology; 2.) It overwhelmed me: Education is fraught with divides; 3.) It motivated me: Education is a driver of aspiration beyond crisis; and 4.) It taught me: Education has unintended positive outcomes. These themes form the structure of the essence of education amid the COVID-19 crisis from the perspectives of college students belonging to the group of indigenous peoples. This research underlines the practical significance of analyzing the state of the students amid a virulent crisis. Given the extant inequality and considering the anticipated educational recovery phase, measures should be planned towards the attainment of responsive, appropriate, and relevant education.

scholarly journals The Management Model of Research and Methodological Support of the Regional System of Education Quality Assessment

2021 ◽  
pp. 58-68
Author(s):  
А.А. Кашаев ◽  
А.А. Петренко
Keyword(s):  
Quality Assessment ◽  
Vocational Education ◽  
Education System ◽  
Research Literature ◽  
Education Quality ◽  
Practical Significance ◽  
Management Model ◽  
Digital Information ◽  
Regional System ◽  
Education Managers

В статье рассматривается развитие региональной системы образования, обращается внимание на существующие противоречия исследуемой проблемы в теории и практике дополнительного профессионального образования, обосновывается высокая востребованность поиска эффективных способов формирования профессиональной готовности педагогических кадров региональной системы образования к инновационной деятельности. Представлены научные подходы к данной проблеме (В. П. Панасюк, М. М. Поташник, Н. В. Третьякова, А. В. Хуторской и др.); раскрыто авторское содержательное наполнение понятия «управленческая модель научно-методического сопровождения системы оценки качества образования» как совокупность принципов, целей, содержания и технологии управления региональной системой оценки качества образования; структурные компоненты модели и практика функционирования региональной системы дополнительного профессионального образования. Описаны результаты исследования, проведенного на базе ОГБУ ДПО «Рязанский институт развития образования» с целью исследования эффективных управленческих моделей научно-методического сопровождения развития региональной системы образования и выявления уровня готовности руководителей к управленческой деятельности при помощи методов теоретического анализа и обобщения научно-педагогической литературы, анкетирования, беседы, эксперимента по апробации управленческой модели развития региональной системы образования. Доказана гипотеза об эффективности развития региональной системы образования в соответствии с разработанной управленческой моделью ее научно-методического сопровождения. Предложены перспективные направления развития системы дополнительного профессионального образования путем включения в содержание программ научно-методической деятельности региональных и муниципальных специалистов практико-ориентированных курсов, расширения возможностей системы дополнительного профессионального образования для повышения квалификации работников образования региона в инновационных формах, создание информационных баз данных в цифровом формате. Обновление содержания управленческой деятельности по повышению квалификации педагогических кадров в контексте их практико-ориентированной деятельности по оценке качества образования; разработка системы управления научно-методического сопровождения региональной системы оценки качества образования, внедрение современных структур, технологий по управлению образованием. составляют новизну данного исследования, а возможность использования этой модели для повышения готовности к научно-методическому сопровождению процессов оценки качества образования руководителей и педагогических работников в учреждениях дополнительного профессионального образования различных регионов — его практическую значимость. The article treats the development of regional education system and focuses on problems associated with theoretical and applied aspects of supplementary vocational education. The authors substantiate the necessity of searching for effective strategies for ensuring regional teachers’ professional readiness for innovation. The article presents various approaches to the issue (V. P. Panasyuk, M. M. Potashnik, N. V. Tretyakova, A. V. Khutorskoy, etc.) and provides an interpretation of the management model of research and methodological support of the regional system of education quality assessment. The article describes the results of the research performed at Ryazan Institute of Education Development and aimed to investigate effective management models for providing research and methodological support to regional teachers, to assess education managers’ readiness to ensure effective leadership. The investigation and assessment are performed by means of such methods as theoretical analysis, overview of research literature, questionnaire, interview, experimental approbation. The article proves the hypothesis that the proposed management model of research and methodological support of the regional system of education quality assessment is effective. The article presents effective models of vocational education system development by means of introducing practice-oriented courses to the curriculum, by means of expanding the choice of supplementary vocational education courses, by means of enhancing innovation, by means of creating digital information databases. The theoretical novelty of the research is accounted for by the fact that it presents innovative content, develops a system of research and methodological support of the regional system of education quality assessment, and introduces modern education management technologies. The practical significance of the research is accounted for by the fact that the proposed model can be used to enhance and improve education managers’ and teachers’ readiness to assess education quality in regional institutions of supplementary vocational education.

CRISPR/Cas9-induced β-carotene Hydroxylase Mutation in Dunaliella Salina CCAP19/18

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lina Hu ◽  
Shu ying FENG ◽  
Gaofeng Liang ◽  
Jingxia Du ◽  
Aifang Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Performance ◽  
Dunaliella Salina ◽  
Gene Editing ◽  
Expression System ◽  
Transformation Method ◽  
Practical Significance ◽  
Exon 1 ◽  
Targeted Gene Editing ◽  
Foreign Genes ◽  
Β Carotene

Abstract Dunaliella salina (D. salina) has been exploited as a novel expression system for the field of genetic engineering. However, owing to the low or inconsistent expression of target proteins, it has been greatly restricted to practical production of recombinant proteins. Since the accurate gene editing function of CRISPR/Cas system, β-carotene hydroxylase gene was chosen as an example to explore D. salina application with the purpose of improving expression level of foreign genes. In this paper, based on pKSE401 backbone, three CRISPR/Cas9 binary vectors were constructed to targeting exon 1 and 3 of the β-carotene hydroxylase of D. salina CCAP19/18 (Dschyb). D. salina mutants were obtained by salt gradient transformation method, and the expression of Dschyb gene were identified through real-time fluorescent quantitative PCR. Moreover, carotenoids content was analyzed by high-performance liquid chromatography at different time points after high intensity treatment. Compared with wild type strains, the β-carotene levels of mutants showed a significant increase, nearly up to 1.4 μg/ml, and the levels of zeaxanthin decreased to various degrees in mutants. All the results provide a compelling evidence for targeted gene editing in D. salina. This study gave a first successful gene editing of D. salina which has a very important practical significance for increasing carotene yield and meeting realistic industry demand. Furthermore, it provides an approach to overcome the current obstacles of D. salina, and then gives a strong tool to facilitates the development and application of D. salina system.

scholarly journals Is There a Need for Coaches to Be More Gender Responsive? A Review of the Evidence

2016 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 192-196 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leanne Norman
Keyword(s):  
Gender Relations ◽  
Research Evidence ◽  
Female Athletes ◽  
Individual Characteristics ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Competing Demands ◽  
Coaching Styles ◽  
Responsive Coaching ◽  
Gender Influences

The purpose of this paper is to explore current research evidence to understand whether and how gender influences the coach-athlete relationship. Considering the importance of coach-athlete relationships, the field still remains under researched and the influences on this relationship require greater examination. Coach-athlete exchanges are shaped by assumptions and ideas about coaching and teaching relationships. Interactions are complex because sport makes a number of (at times competing) demands on participants. Varying individual characteristics increase this complexity. Yet within this multifaceted context, gender relations appear constant and problematic, particularly with respect to coaching. Evidence suggests that while male and female athletes share many similarities in what they want and prefer in terms of their coaching needs and expectations, there are specific nuances and differences that must be understood to facilitate an effective relationship. Furthermore, the evidence also suggests that male coaches, unwittingly, play a role in the perpetuation of the stereotype of women as the less able, less competitive and frailer athlete. These findings evidence the need to include a greater focus on gender-responsive coaching. The paper also highlights different coaching styles that may facilitate working with male and female athletes and emphasises the need for coaches to become relational experts to empower their athletes.

scholarly journals The Problem of Gender Verification in Sport: Legal, Medical and Ethical Aspects

Lex Russica ◽  
2019 ◽  
pp. 53-60
Author(s):  
M. A. Borodina ◽  
V. V. Nikiforov ◽  
M. V. Medvedev ◽  
K. V. Mashkova ◽  
G. N. Suvorov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Female Athletes ◽  
International Association ◽  
Ethical Aspects ◽  
Genetic Characteristics ◽  
Considerable Uncertainty ◽  
Human Rights Protection ◽  
Rights Protection ◽  
Selection Of

Equal opportunities for women to participate in sports, including women originally considered male, are accompanied with a debate on the need for gender verification for fear of participation in women’s competitions of female athletes with genetic characteristics more typical of men, which, in some experts’ opinions, gives them unfounded starting advantages. Thus, it is necessary to consider legal, medical and ethical aspects of gender verification in high performance sports. The article analyzes the main alterations developed by the International Association of Athletics Federations (IAAF) Rules for selection of sportswomen with violations of gender formation for participation in competitions. Given the position of the Special Rapporteur of the UN Human Rights Council, the author considers the issue concerning the compliance of these changes with international principles and norms in the field of human rights protection with due regard to non — discrimination, respect for honor, dignity and integrity of the person. It is concluded that there is considerable uncertainty about admissibility of the use of testosterone level as a universal criterion for gender verification, as well as the availability of direct cause-effect relationship between the corresponding hormonal characteristics and the sports results achieved. The author draws attention to the ethical element of gender verification in sport related to the methods offered by IAAF to assess the sufficient level of femininity and the requirement of its adjustment to artificially determined indicators, even when the principle of confidentiality is declared.

scholarly journals A Preliminary Study on Injury Risk Factors of Perak Athletes

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (4.15) ◽  
pp. 173
Author(s):  
Lee Ai Choo ◽  
Mohd Yusof Baharudin ◽  
Fairus Fariza Zainudin ◽  
Mohansundar Sankaravel
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Injury Risk ◽  
Female Athletes ◽  
Study Finding ◽  
Third Party ◽  
Age Difference ◽  
Extrinsic Factors ◽  
Injury Risk Factors ◽  
Extrinsic Risk

The objective of this study is to identify the injury risk factors of Perak male and female athletes who participating in contact and non-contact sports, meanwhile to suggest preventive strategies to all the sports personnel. The research design chosen was retrospective descriptive epidemiological study. The data from this study is examined based on intrinsic risk factors (Self Induce and Attire) and extrinsic risk factors (Third Party, Environment and Equipment). The descriptive statistics was utilized to analyze the research variables. The data collected for self status in self induce factor, finding revealed that body composition (51.1%) as highest risk followed by body status to play (41.7%), self-attitude (5.8%) and age difference (1.4%). Whereby, for factor of attire, more injuries occurred due to not wearing appropriate protective gear (47.5%) compared to inappropriate footwear (34.5%) and inappropriate clothing (18.0%). The extrinsic factors of third party that lead to injuries were mostly due to opponent (89.2%), contrary to referee (10.8%) and none from audiences. There was no injury reported due to playing equipment. This study finding revealed that playing surface was reported highest (75.5%) in environment factors followed by weather (24.5%). In the nutshell, injury rates can be reduced by identifying the injury risk factors and thus the life span of high performance athletes will be prolonged.  

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document