Impact of Relative Humidity and Collection Media on Mycobacteriophage D29 Aerosol

ABSTRACTThis study was conducted to evaluate the effect of aerosol generation, methods of sampling, storage conditions, and relative humidity on the culturability of the mycobacteriophage D29. The lytic phage D29 can killMycobacterium tuberculosis, and the phage aerosol can be treated as a potential tool for tuberculosis treatment. The culturability of D29 was tested using a test chamber designed for the bioaerosols research against three spray liquids (deionized water, phosphate-buffered saline [PBS], and normal saline), four collection media (suspension medium [SM], nutrient broth, PBS, and deionized water), two sampling systems (the all-glass impinger AGI-30 and the Biosampler) and across a range of humidities (20 to 90%). The effect of storage conditions on the culturability of collected sample was also evaluated for the AGI-30 impinger. The results proved that viable phage D29 particles generated by deionized water were approximately 30- and 300-fold higher than PBS and normal saline, respectively. As collection media, SM buffer and nutrient broth were observed to yield a higher number of plaques compared to PBS and deionized water. No difference was observed in collection efficiency between AGI-30 and Biosampler with two detection methods (culture-based technique and real-time PCR). The culturability of collected D29 in SM buffer or nutrient broth can be maintained up to 12 h irrespective of storage temperature. Relative humidity was found to strongly influence airborne D29 culturability which is 2- to 20-fold higher in low humidity (25%) than medium (55%) or high (85%) humidity. This research will help identify the optimal means for the application of D29 aerosol in animal inhalation experiments.

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Nutritional Changes and Early Warning of Moldy Rice under Different Relative Humidity and Storage Temperature

Foods ◽

10.3390/foods11020185 ◽

2022 ◽

Vol 11 (2) ◽

pp. 185

Author(s):

Jing Du ◽

Yingxue Lin ◽

Yuan Gao ◽

Yanyan Tian ◽

Jixiang Zhang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Fatty Acid ◽

Relative Humidity ◽

Early Warning ◽

Storage Temperature ◽

Starch Content ◽

Protein Secondary Structure ◽

Principal Component ◽

Storage Conditions ◽

Factors Affecting ◽

Total Starch

Processed unhusked rice is prone to mildew during storage. In this study, the storage conditions were simulated at temperatures of 20, 30, and 35 °C and a relative humidity of 40%, 60% and 80%, respectively. The water, fatty acid, and total starch content and the peak viscosity, mold colony number, protein secondary structure, and spatial structure of rice were monitored in order to propose the critical point of mildew during storage. In the process of rice from lively to moldy, the water content, fatty acid contents and the peak viscosity were increased. The total starch content decreased and then showed a slow increasing trend, while the microstructure of the powder particles changed from smooth and complete to loosen and hollow. With the increase in storage time, the vibration of the amide Ⅰ band of the rice samples decreased slightly, indicating that the total contents of β-fold, β-turn, α-helix, and random curl of the rice protein also changed. PCA (Principal Component Analysis) analysis showed that rice mildew index was closely related to temperature and humidity during storage. In our investigation, the best and most suitable temperature and relative humidity for rice storge is 20 °C and 40%, respectively. These results suggested that temperature and environmental humidity are vital factors affecting the physicochemical properties and nutrient changes, which provides a theoretical basis for the early warning of rice mildew during storage.

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California Almond Shelf Life: Changes in Moisture Content and Textural Quality During Storage

Transactions of the ASABE ◽

10.13031/trans.12709 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 62 (3) ◽

pp. 661-671 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Jia Wu ◽

Xiangyang Lin ◽

Shengnan Lin ◽

Paul Chen ◽

Guangwei Huang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Relative Humidity ◽

Moisture Content ◽

Storage Temperature ◽

Initial Moisture Content ◽

Textural Properties ◽

Storage Conditions ◽

Temperature And Humidity ◽

Lower Temperature ◽

And Storage ◽

Over Time

Abstract. The effects of packaging and storage conditions on the moisture content and instrumental and sensory textural properties of raw and salty light roasted (SLR) California almonds were studied under different storage conditions. The controlled combinations included low, medium, and high temperatures and low and high relative humidity (RH). Almond samples were packaged in cartons or polyethylene (PE) bags with and without vacuum. Both absorption and desorption of moisture by almonds were observed during storage and were dependent on the packaging and storage conditions. In general, gradual changes were observed for samples with PE and vacuum PE packaging in most of the storage conditions, while the samples packed in cartons showed more dramatic changes because these unprotected samples were more vulnerable to seasonal changes in humidity. The SLR almonds showed consistent moisture gains, while the raw almonds tended to lose moisture content in most of the storage conditions. This may be attributed to the low initial moisture content of the SLR samples. All raw samples packed in cartons became softer over time. The softening tended to be enhanced by high storage humidity and temperature. The raw almonds packaged in PE bags were firmer than those packed in cartons but also became softer over time. The firmness of the SLR samples was generally lower than that of raw samples, probably because roasting reduced the density and mechanical strength of the kernels. The firmness of PE packaged SLR samples increased in uncontrolled storage conditions and in higher storage temperature and humidity conditions but decreased slightly in lower temperature and humidity conditions. Vacuum packaging did not affect the firmness much. Using PE packaging and maintaining the RH below 50% and the temperature below 25°C are effective in stabilizing both raw and processed almonds. Keywords: Almond, Firmness, Nonpareil, Packaging, Relative humidity, Sensory, Storage, Temperature, Texture.

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MOSQUITOES OF MANITOBA: II. THE EFFECT OF STORAGE TEMPERATURE AND RELATIVE HUMIDITY ON HATCHING OF EGGS OF AEDES VEXANS AND AEDES ABSERRATUS (DIPTERA: CULICIDAE)

The Canadian Entomologist ◽

10.4039/ent1011285-12 ◽

1969 ◽

Vol 101 (12) ◽

pp. 1285-1291 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

R. A. Brust ◽

R. A. Costello

Keyword(s):

High Temperature ◽

Relative Humidity ◽

Low Temperature ◽

Storage Temperature ◽

Storage Conditions ◽

Aedes Vexans ◽

Hatching Time ◽

Saturated Atmosphere

AbstractOptimum storage conditions for eggs of Aedes vexans (Meigen) were found to be a temperature of 2 °C and a saturated atmosphere. These conditions are also suitable for storing eggs of Aedes abserratus (Felt and Young) but this species can be stored at lower temperatures. When eggs of both species are stored at 2 °C and placed in a hatching medium at 2 °C, hatching begins in A. abserratus but not in A. vexans. A comparable hatch in the latter occurs at 10°–15 °C. Desiccation and death of A. vexans embryos occur rapidly at a low relative humidity (20%) and a high temperature (21 °C) but slowly at low relative humidity and a low temperature (4 °C). Eggs that lose a substantial amount of water will still hatch and the larvae develop normally, but hatching time is delayed. The hatching time may be twice as long as in eggs kept in a saturated atmosphere at similar temperatures, indicating that embryos must regain some of the lost water before hatching can occur.

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Influence of Alcohol Content and Storage Conditions on the Physicochemical Stability of Spirit Drinks

Foods ◽

10.3390/foods9091264 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 9 (9) ◽

pp. 1264

Author(s):

Mateusz Różański ◽

Katarzyna Pielech-Przybylska ◽

Maria Balcerek

Keyword(s):

Volatile Compounds ◽

Storage Temperature ◽

Storage Conditions ◽

Deionized Water ◽

Higher Alcohols ◽

Alcohol Content ◽

C Storage ◽

Physicochemical Stability ◽

Different Temperatures ◽

And Storage

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of alcohol by volume (ABV) and storage temperature on changes in the clarity of rye and plum distillates, and their content of volatile compounds. Distillates with initial ABVs of 93.26% v/v (rye distillate) and 82.03% v/v (plum distillate) were diluted with deionized water to 40, 50, and 70% v/v. The samples were stored in darkness at different temperatures (−18 °C, 0 °C, 8 °C, 20 °C) for 8 weeks. The results showed that reducing the alcohol content and storage temperature caused turbidity to increase. The samples prepared from rye distillate were characterized by significantly lower turbidity than those produced from plum distillate. The highest increase in turbidity in comparison to the controls was observed in the samples with 40% v/v alcohol content stored at a temperature of −18 °C. Storage of the rye and plum distillates samples at different temperatures resulted in changes to the concentrations of volatile compounds, i.e., lower levels of acetaldehyde and higher alcohols, and increased content of esters. However, the alcohol content and storage temperature had no statistically significant effect on methanol concentration.

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Maintaining Impatiens Seed Quality

HortScience ◽

10.21273/hortsci.30.4.867f ◽

1995 ◽

Vol 30 (4) ◽

pp. 867F-867

Author(s):

David Cross ◽

Roger Styer

Keyword(s):

High Temperature ◽

Relative Humidity ◽

Seed Quality ◽

Storage Temperature ◽

Seed Storage ◽

Storage Conditions ◽

High Humidity ◽

Quality Changes ◽

Salt Solutions ◽

Temperature And Humidity

Impatiens (Impatiens wallerana Hook.f.) flower seeds are believed to be sensitive to storage temperature and humidity conditions. A study was conducted to evaluate seed quality changes occurring during a 1-year period of storage under various temperature and humidity combinations. Four seed lots of `Super Elfin Red' and `Super Elfin White' impatiens were studied. Constant humidity treatments were obtained using saturated salt solutions; 15% relative humidity (RH) with LiCI, 25% RH with KAc, 33% RH with MgCl2, and 43% RH with K2CO3. Constant temperature treatments were 5, 15, and 22C. At 3-month intervals, replicate samples were sown in plug flats in the greenhouse. Seed quality was evaluated as the percentage of usable seedlings 21 days from sowing. Rapid deterioration of seed quality was seen under high temperature and high humidity storage conditions. Seeds became less sensitive to humidity at 5C. Conditions of 20% to 25% RH and 5C are recommended for impatiens seed storage.

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Optimisation of storage conditions for 'UC 157' asparagus

Australian Journal of Experimental Agriculture ◽

10.1071/ea9920529 ◽

1992 ◽

Vol 32 (4) ◽

pp. 529 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

A Klieber ◽

RBH Wills

Keyword(s):

Weight Loss ◽

Relative Humidity ◽

Aqueous Solutions ◽

Shelf Life ◽

Storage Temperature ◽

Storage Conditions ◽

Storage Life ◽

Asparagus Officinalis ◽

Calcium Hypochlorite ◽

Controlled Atmospheres

Asparagus (Asparagus officinalis L. cv. UC 157) was harvested in 3 seasons over 3 months and held at various temperatures, controlled atmospheres and relative humidities, and in dips, to optimise storage conditions. The optimum storage temperature was l.5�C, and precooling needed to be applied with the shortest possible delay after harvest. However, asparagus became more sensitive to chilling and lost 3 of 4 weeks of storage life and 2 of 5 days of shelf life at 20�C as the season progressed. Increasing the relative humidity from recommended 94 to 100% reduced weight loss but not quality, and wetting of spears during cooling did not reduce quality provided butt rots were controlled by dipping asparagus butts in saturated calcium hypochlorite. Continuous storage of spears with their butt in aqueous solutions reduced quality due to rotting, splitting and bending, but controlled atmospheres of 8-15% CO2/18-19% O2 extended storage life at l.5�C by 1 week and shelf life at 20�C by 2 days.

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Stability Evaluation of Extemporaneously Compounded Vancomycin Ophthalmic Drops: Effect of Solvents and Storage Conditions

Pharmaceutics ◽

10.3390/pharmaceutics13020289 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 13 (2) ◽

pp. 289

Author(s):

Christopher Ross ◽

Basir Syed ◽

Joanna Pak ◽

Vishal Jhanji ◽

Jason Yamaki ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Normal Saline ◽

High Performance ◽

Hplc Analysis ◽

Room Temperature ◽

Storage Temperature ◽

Storage Conditions ◽

Drug Of Choice ◽

Initial Ph ◽

The Stability ◽

Saline Solutions

Vancomycin is the drug of choice for methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus keratitis and other ocular infections. Vancomycin ophthalmic drops are not commercially available and require compounding. The present study was designed to investigate the stability of vancomycin ophthalmic drops in normal saline, phosphate-buffered saline (PBS), and balanced salt solution (BSS) while stored at room temperature or under refrigeration. Vancomycin ophthalmic drops (50 mg/mL) were aseptically prepared from commercially available intravenous powder using PBS, BSS, and saline. Solutions were stored at room temperature and in a refrigerator for 28 days. The vancomycin stability was tested by a microbiology assay and high-performance liquid chromatography HPLC analysis immediately after formulation and at days 7, 14, and 28 after storage at room temperature or under refrigeration. The pH, turbidity was also tested. Vancomycin formulations in PBS, BSS and normal saline had initial pH of 5; 5.5; 3 respectively. The formulation in PBS developed turbidity and a slight decrease in pH upon storage. Microbiological assay did not show any change in zone of inhibition with any of the formulation upon storage either at room temperature or under refrigeration. HPLC analysis did not detect any decrease in vancomycin concentration or the accumulation of degraded products in any of the formulations upon storage either at room temperature or under refrigeration. Vancomycin ophthalmic drops prepared using PBS, BSS, and normal saline were stable up to the tested time point of 28 days, irrespective of their storage temperature.

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Changes of Physicochemical Properties of Starch Syrups Recommended for Winter Feeding of Honeybees during Storage

Agriculture ◽

10.3390/agriculture11040374 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (4) ◽

pp. 374

Author(s):

Teresa Szczęsna ◽

Ewa Waś ◽

Piotr Semkiw ◽

Piotr Skubida ◽

Katarzyna Jaśkiewicz ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Chemical Composition ◽

Physicochemical Properties ◽

Physicochemical Parameters ◽

Storage Temperature ◽

Storage Conditions ◽

Different Temperatures ◽

And Storage ◽

Bee Colonies ◽

Temperature Time ◽

Winter Feeding

The aim of this study was to determine the influence of storage temperature and time on physicochemical parameters of starch syrups recommended for the winter feeding of bee colonies. The studies included commercially available three starch syrups and an inverted saccharose syrup that were stored at different temperatures: ca. 20 °C, 10–14 °C, and ca. 4 °C. Physicochemical parameters of fresh syrups (immediately after purchase) and syrups after 3, 6, 9, 12, 15, 18, 21, and 24 months of storage at the abovementioned temperatures were measured. It was observed that the rate of unfavorable changes in chemical composition of starch syrups and the inverted saccharose syrup, mainly the changes in the 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF) content, depended on the type of a syrup and storage conditions (temperature, time). Properties of tested starch syrups intended for winter feeding of bees stored at ca. 20 °C maintained unchanged for up to 6 months, whereas the same syrups stored at lower temperatures (10–14 °C) maintained unchanged physicochemical parameters for about 12 months. In higher temperatures, the HMF content increased. To date, the influence of this compound on bees has not been thoroughly investigated.

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The effect of silica desiccation under different storage conditions on filter-immobilized environmental DNA

BMC Research Notes ◽

10.1186/s13104-021-05530-x ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 14 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Michael J. Allison ◽

Jessica M. Round ◽

Lauren C. Bergman ◽

Ali Mirabzadeh ◽

Heather Allen ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Silica Gel ◽

Storage Temperature ◽

Environmental Dna ◽

Cost Effective ◽

Storage Conditions ◽

Systematic Evaluation ◽

Silica Bead ◽

Gel Beads ◽

Polymerase Chain

Abstract Objective Silica gel beads have promise as a non-toxic, cost-effective, portable method for storing environmental DNA (eDNA) immobilized on filter membranes. Consequently, many ecological surveys are turning to silica bead filter desiccation rather than ethanol preservation. However, no systematic evaluation of silica bead storage conditions or duration past 1 week has been published. The present study evaluates the quality of filter-immobilized eDNA desiccated with silica gel under different storage conditions for over a year using targeted quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qPCR)-based assays. Results While the detection of relatively abundant eDNA target was stable over 15 months from either ethanol- or silica gel-preserved filters at − 20 and 4 °C, silica gel out-performed ethanol preservation at 23 °C by preventing a progressive decrease in eDNA sample quality. Silica gel filter desiccation preserved low abundance eDNA equally well up to 1 month regardless of storage temperature (18, 4, or − 20 °C). However only storage at − 20 °C prevented a noticeable decrease in detectability at 5 and 12 months. The results indicate that brief storage of eDNA filters with silica gel beads up to 1 month can be successfully accomplished at a range of temperatures. However, longer-term storage should be at − 20 °C to maximize sample integrity.

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Growth and enterotoxin production of Bacillus cereus in cow, goat, and sheep milk

Acta Veterinaria Brno ◽

10.2754/avb201483s10s3 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 83 (10) ◽

pp. S3-S8 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Lenka Necidová ◽

Šárka Bursová ◽

Alena Skočková ◽

Bohdana Janštová ◽

Pavla Prachařová ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Bacillus Cereus ◽

Storage Temperature ◽

Goat Milk ◽

Storage Conditions ◽

Cow Milk ◽

Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽

Plate Method ◽

Milk Samples ◽

Sheep Milk ◽

Enterotoxin Production

The aim of this study was to compare Bacillus cereus growth rates and diarrhoeal enterotoxin production in raw and pasteurized goat, sheep, and cow milk in terms of storage conditions. Milk samples were inoculated with B. cereus (CCM 2010), which produces diarrhoeal enterotoxins. Enterotoxin production was tested by ELISA (Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay), and the count of B. cereus was determined by the plate method. With raw cow milk, B. cereus growth and enterotoxin production can be completely suppressed; in raw goat and sheep milk, enterotoxin was produced at 22 °C. In pasteurized cow, goat, and sheep milk, the B. cereus count increased under all storage conditions, with more rapid growth being observed at 15 °C (sheep milk) and 22 °C (cow and goat milk). Enterotoxin presence was detected at 15 °C and 22 °C, and with pasteurized cow milk also at 8 °C. Our model experiments have determined that B. cereus multiplication and subsequent enterotoxin production depend on storage temperature and milk type.

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