scholarly journals Association between tax on sugar sweetened beverages and soft drink consumption in adults in Mexico: open cohort longitudinal analysis of Health Workers Cohort Study

BMJ ◽  
2020 ◽  
pp. m1311
Author(s):  
Luz María Sánchez-Romero ◽  
Francisco Canto-Osorio ◽  
Romina González-Morales ◽  
M Arantxa Colchero ◽  
Shu-Wen Ng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cohort Study ◽  
Longitudinal Analysis ◽  
Health Workers ◽  
Soft Drink ◽  
Soft Drinks ◽  
Sugar Sweetened Beverage ◽  
Soft Drink Consumption ◽  
Sweetened Beverage ◽  
Percentage Points ◽  
Health Workers Cohort Study

Abstract Objective To examine changes in categories of soft drink consumption in a cohort of Mexican adults, three years after the implementation of the sugar sweetened beverage tax. Design Open cohort longitudinal analysis. Setting Three waves of the Health Workers Cohort Study, Mexico, spanning 2004 to 2018. Participants 1770 people aged 19 years or older with information on drinks consumption available in at least one of the three cohort waves. Main outcome measure Change in probability of belonging to one of four categories of soft drinks consumption (non, low, medium, high) after the tax was implemented. Heterogeneity of associations by income and education was also assessed. Results Before the implementation of the tax, more than 50% of the participants were medium and high consumers of soft drinks and less than 10% were in the non-consumer category. After the tax was implemented, 43% of the population was categorised as medium or high consumers and the prevalence of non-consumers increased to 14%. Three years after implementation of the tax on 1 January 2014, the probability of being a non-consumer of soft drinks increased by 4.7 (95% confidence interval 0.3 to 9.1) percentage points and that of being a low consumer increased by 8.3 (0.6 to 16.0) percentage points compared with the pre-tax period. Conversely, the probability of being in the medium and high levels of soft drinks consumption decreased by 6.8 (0.5 to 13.2) percentage points and 6.1 (0.4 to 11.9) percentage points, respectively. No significant heterogeneity of the tax across income levels was observed, but stronger effects of the tax were seen in participants with secondary school education or higher, compared with those with elementary school or less. Conclusions The Mexican sugar sweetened beverage tax was associated with a reduction in the probability of consuming soft drinks in this cohort of employees from a healthcare provider. The results cannot be extrapolated to the Mexican population, but they suggest that three years after implementation, the tax had helped to increase the proportion of people who do not consume soft drinks while decreasing the proportion of high and medium consumers.

scholarly journals Soft drink intake is associated with weight gain, regardless of physical activity levels: the health workers cohort study

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Romina González-Morales ◽  
Francisco Canto-Osorio ◽  
Dalia Stern ◽  
Luz María Sánchez-Romero ◽  
Leticia Torres-Ibarra ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Cohort Study ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Health Workers ◽  
Soft Drink ◽  
Activity Levels ◽  
Physical Activity Levels ◽  
Health Workers Cohort Study

scholarly journals Sugar-sweetened beverage consumption and risk of hyperuricemia: a longitudinal analysis of the Health Workers Cohort Study participants in Mexico

2020 ◽  
Vol 112 (3) ◽  
pp. 652-660
Author(s):  
Joacim Meneses-León ◽  
Leith León-Maldonado ◽  
Nayeli Macías ◽  
Leticia Torres-Ibarra ◽  
Rubí Hernández-López ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Uric Acid ◽  
Cohort Study ◽  
Longitudinal Analysis ◽  
Health Workers ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Mexican Adults ◽  
Study Participants ◽  
Health Workers Cohort Study

ABSTRACT Background The elevated consumption of sugar-sweetened beverages (SSBs) in Mexico is an important public health concern. However, the association between SSB consumption and hyperuricemia has been scarcely studied and not well documented. Objectives To prospectively evaluate the association between SSB consumption and risk of hyperuricemia in Mexican adults. Methods A longitudinal analysis was conducted using data from the Health Workers Cohort Study. Participants were followed from 2004 to 2018, with measurements every 6 y. The analysis sample consisted of 1300 adults, aged 18 to 85 y. SSB consumption during the previous year was evaluated through a semiquantitative FFQ. Hyperuricemia was defined as a concentration of uric acid ≥7.0 mg/dL in men and ≥5.7 mg/dL in women. We evaluated the association of interest using 2 methodologies: fixed-effects logistic regression and generalized estimating equations (GEEs). Potential confounders were included in both approaches. Results At baseline, median intake of SSBs was 472.1 mL/wk (IQR: 198.8–1416.4 mL/wk), and 233 participants had hyperuricemia. Uric acid was higher in participants with an SSB intake ≥7 servings/wk, compared with those with an intake <1 serving/wk (P < 0.001). Participants who changed from the lowest to the highest category of servings consumption experienced 2.6 increased odds of hyperuricemia (95% CI: 1.27, 5.26). Results from the GEE model indicated the odds of hyperuricemia increased by 44% (OR=1.44; 95% CI: 1.13, 1.84) in the 2–6 servings/wk group, and by 89% (OR=1.89; 95% CI: 1.39, 2.57) in the ≥7 servings/wk categories, compared with the <1 serving/wk category. Diet soft drinks were not associated with hyperuricemia. Conclusions Our results suggest that the consumption of SSBs is associated with an increased risk of hyperuricemia in Mexican adults, but diet soft drink consumption is not, which supports the need to strengthen existing recommendations to reduce the intake of SSBs. The Health Workers Cohort Study (HWCS) has been approved by the Institutional Review Board of the Mexican Social Security Institute (12CEI 09 006 14), and the National Institute of Public Health of Mexico (13CEI 17 007 36).

scholarly journals Association of artificially sweetened and sugar-sweetened soft drinks with β-cell function, insulin sensitivity, and type 2 diabetes: the Maastricht Study

2019 ◽  
Vol 59 (4) ◽  
pp. 1717-1727
Author(s):  
Louise J. C. J. den Biggelaar ◽  
Simone J. S. Sep ◽  
Andrea Mari ◽  
Ele Ferrannini ◽  
Martien C. J. M. van Dongen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Sensitivity ◽  
Cell Function ◽  
Soft Drink ◽  
Soft Drinks ◽  
Β Cell ◽  
Sugar Sweetened Beverage ◽  
Sweetened Beverage ◽  
Β Cell Function ◽  
Glucose Sensitivity

Abstract Purpose Artificially sweetened and sugar-sweetened beverage consumptions have both been reported to be associated with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2D) risk. The aim of the current study was to investigate the potential underlying associations with dynamic pancreatic β-cell function (BCF) and insulin sensitivity. Methods We evaluated cross-sectional associations in 2240 individuals (mean ± SD age 59.6 ± 8.18, 49.4% male, 21.9% T2D) participating in a diabetes-enriched population-based cohort. Artificially sweetened and sugar-sweetened soft drinks and juice consumption were assessed by a food-frequency questionnaire. Glucose metabolism status, insulin sensitivity, and BCF were measured by a seven-point oral glucose tolerance test. Regression analyses were performed to assess associations of artificially and sugar-sweetened beverage consumption with measures of glucose homeostasis. Associations were adjusted for potential confounders, and additionally with and without total energy intake and BMI, as these variables could be mediators. Results Moderate consumption of artificially sweetened soft drink was associated with lower β-cell glucose sensitivity [standardized beta (95% CI), − 0.06 (− 0.11, − 0.02)], total insulin secretion [β − 0.06 (− 0.10, − 0.02)], and with lower β-cell rate sensitivity [odds ratio (95% CI), 1.29 (1.03, 1.62)] compared to abstainers. Daily artificially sweetened soft drink consumption was associated with lower β-cell glucose sensitivity [β − 0.05 (− 0.09, 0.00)], and total insulin secretion [β − 0.05 − 0.09, − 0.01)] compared to abstainers. Conclusions Moderate and daily consumption of artificially sweetened soft drinks was associated with lower BCF, but not with insulin sensitivity. No evidence was found for associations of sugar-sweetened soft drink and juice consumption with BCF or insulin sensitivity in this middle-aged population. Prospective studies are warranted to further investigate the associations of artificially and sugar-sweetened beverage consumption with non-fasting insulin sensitivity and multiple BCF aspects.

Consumption of carbonated soft drinks among Ghanaian adolescents: associations with socio-demographic factors, health risk factors and psychological distress

2021 ◽  
pp. 026010602199693
Author(s):  
Prince Atorkey ◽  
Mariam Akwei ◽  
Winifred Asare-Doku
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Psychological Distress ◽  
Health Risk ◽  
Soft Drink ◽  
Demographic Factors ◽  
Soft Drinks ◽  
Health Risk Factors ◽  
Soft Drink Consumption ◽  
Carbonated Soft Drinks ◽  
Socio Demographic Factors

Background: Carbonated soft drinks consumption is associated with weight gain and other chronic diseases. Aim: To examine whether socio-demographic factors, health risk factors and psychological distress are associated with carbonated soft drink consumption among adolescents in selected senior high schools in Ghana. Methods: Data were obtained from the 2012 Ghana Global School-based Student Health Survey (GSHS). Participants consisted of 1756 school-going adolescents sampled using a two-stage cluster sampling method. Binomial logistic regression was used to determine whether socio-demographic factors, health risk factors and psychological distress were associated with consumption of soft drinks. Results: The prevalence of carbonated soft drinks consumption was 34.9%. Males (odds ratio (OR) = 0.73 (95% confidence intervals (CI) 0.59–0.92); p = 0.007), and participants with high socio-economic status (OR = 0.76 (95% CI 0.48–0.97); p = 0.033) had smaller odds for consumption of soft drinks. Also, adolescents in Senior High School (SHS) 3 (OR = 0.72 (95% CI 0.53–0.97); p = 0.034) and SHS 4 (OR = 0.63 (95% CI 0.43–0.91); p = 0.014) had smaller odds for soft drinks intake compared to those in SHS 1. Health risk factors associated with greater odds of high soft drink consumption were tobacco use (OR = 1.68, (95% CI 1.07–2.65); p = 0.025), fast food consumption (OR = 1.88, (95% CI 1.47–2.41); p = 0.011) and alcohol consumption (OR = 1.43, (95% CI 1.02–1.99); p = 0.039). Consuming adequate fruit (OR = 0.19 (95% CI 0.15–0.24); p = 0.000) and adequate vegetable (OR = 0.55 (95% CI 0.34–0.87); p = 0.011) were associated with lower odds for soft drink consumption. Adolescents who reported feeling anxious had smaller odds for soft drink intake (OR = 0.65, (95% CI 0.47–0.91); p = 0.011). Conclusions: The findings from this study show that socio-demographic characteristics, health risk factors and psychological distress are associated with the soft drink consumption among adolescents in Ghana. Interventions aimed at reducing soft drink consumption and other health risk factors are needed.

scholarly journals Does the Prevalence of Obesity Affect the Demand for Soft Drinks? Evidence from Cross-Country Panel Data

2022 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 938
Author(s):  
Fabrizio Ferretti ◽  
Michele Mariani ◽  
Elena Sarti
Keyword(s):  
Nutrition Education ◽  
Least Squares Method ◽  
Soft Drink ◽  
Soft Drinks ◽  
Market Demand ◽  
Reverse Causality ◽  
Soft Drink Consumption ◽  
Variable Approach ◽  
Prevalence Of Obesity ◽  
The Impact

The impact of soft drinks on obesity has been widely investigated during the last decades. Conversely, the role of obesity as a factor influencing the demand for soft drinks remains largely unexplored. However, understanding potential changes in the demand for soft drinks, as a result of changes in the spread of obesity, may be useful to better design a comprehensive strategy to curb soft drink consumption. In this paper, we aim to answer the following research question: Does the prevalence of obesity affect the demand for soft drinks? For this purpose, we collected data in a sample of 97 countries worldwide for the period 2005–2019. To deal with problems of reverse causality, an instrumental variable approach and a two-stage least squares method were used to estimate the impact of the age-standardized obesity rate on the market demand for soft drinks. After controlling for several demographic and socio-economic confounding factors, we found that a one percent increase in the prevalence of obesity increases the consumption of soft drinks and carbonated soft drinks by about 2.37 and 1.11 L per person/year, respectively. Our findings corroborate the idea that the development of an obesogenic food environment is a self-sustaining process, in which obesity and unhealthy lifestyles reinforce each other, and further support the need for an integrated approach to curb soft drink consumption by combining sugar taxes with bans, regulations, and nutrition education programs.

Daily intake of soft drinks is associated with symptoms of anxiety and depression in Chinese adolescents

2019 ◽  
Vol 22 (14) ◽  
pp. 2553-2560 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xingyu Zhang ◽  
Xiaoyan Huang ◽  
Yi Xiao ◽  
Danrong Jing ◽  
Yuzhou Huang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Soft Drink ◽  
Daily Intake ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Soft Drinks ◽  
Mediation Effect ◽  
Anxiety And Depression ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Soft Drink Consumption ◽  
Patient Health ◽  
Clinically Significant

AbstractObjective:The association of soft drink consumption with mental problems in Asian adolescents has not been reported. The present study aimed to investigate the association of soft drink consumption and symptoms of anxiety and depression in adolescents in China.Design:A cross-sectional study to investigate the association of intake of soft drinks and sugars from soft drinks with symptoms of anxiety and depression measured by the two-item Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD-2) and the Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-2), respectively.Setting:A comprehensive university in Changsha, China.Participants:Newly enrolled college students in 2017.Result:In total, 8226 students completed the investigation and 8085 students with no systemic disorders were finally analysed. Students consuming soft drinks ≥7 times/week had significantly higher (mean difference; 95 % CI) GAD-2 (0·15; 0·07, 0·23) and PHQ-2 (0·27; 0·19, 0·35) scores compared with those barely consuming soft drinks, adjusted for demographic and behavioural factors. Those consuming >25 g sugar/d from soft drinks had significantly higher GAD-2 (0·11; 0·04, 0·18) and PHQ-2 (0·22; 0·15, 0·29) scores compared with non-consumers. The mediation effect of obesity in the associations was not clinically significant.Conclusions:Adolescents consuming soft drinks ≥7 times/week, or >25 g sugar/d from soft drinks, had significantly higher levels of anxiety and depression. Dietary suggestion is needed to prevent anxiety and depression in adolescents.

scholarly journals Soft drink consumption is associated with increased incidence of the metabolic syndrome only in women

2017 ◽  
Vol 117 (2) ◽  
pp. 315-324 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yunjin Kang ◽  
Jihye Kim
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Soft Drink ◽  
Soft Drinks ◽  
Soft Drink Consumption ◽  
The Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Cox Proportional Hazard ◽  
Hazard Ratios ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Specific Association

AbstractProspective studies on the association between soft drink consumption and incident risk of the metabolic syndrome (MetS) have not been carried out in Asians. We explored the sex-specific association between soft drink consumption and incident risk of the MetS in Korean adults during 10 years of follow-up. A total of 5797 subjects who were free of the MetS at baseline were studied. Soft drink consumption was assessed using a semi-quantitative FFQ. Time-dependent Cox proportional hazard model was used to examine hazard ratios (HR) of incidence of the MetS and its components in relation to soft drink consumption. In women, the multivariable-adjusted HR for developing the MetS was 1·8-fold higher in frequent consumers of soft drinks (≥4 servings/week) compared with rare consumers (95 % CI 1·23, 2·64). The adjusted HR for elevated blood pressure increased by 2-fold (95 % CI 1·24, 3·14) and for hypertriacylglycerolaemia by 1·9-fold (95 % CI 1·19, 2·88) in frequent consumers of soft drinks compared with rare consumers. However, in men, there was no association between soft drink consumption and incident risk of the MetS or its components. Frequent soft drink consumption was associated with increased risk of developing the MetS and its components only in middle-aged Korean women, suggesting sex differences for the risk of the MetS related to diet.

scholarly journals Health workers cohort study: methods and study design

2016 ◽  
Vol 58 (6) ◽  
pp. 708 ◽  
Author(s):  
Edgar Denova-Gutiérrez ◽  
Yvonne N. Flores ◽  
Katia Gallegos-Carrillo ◽  
Paula Ramírez-Palacios ◽  
Berenice Rivera-Paredez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cohort Study ◽  
Genetic Factors ◽  
Health Workers ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
Disease Mechanisms ◽  
Self Administered Questionnaire ◽  
Health Workers Cohort Study ◽  
Social Security Institute ◽  
Risk Factor Information

Objective. To examine different health outcomes that are associated with specific lifestyle and genetic factors. Materials and methods. From March 2004 to April 2006, a sample of employees from three different health and academic institutions, as well as their family members, were enrolled in the study after providing informed consent. At baseline and follow-up (2010-2013), participants completed a self-administered questionnaire, a physical examination, and provided blood samples. Results. A total of 10 729 participants aged 6 to 94 years were recruited at baseline. Of these, 70% were females, and 50% were from the Mexican Social Security Institute. Nearly 42% of the adults in the sample were overweight, while 20% were obese. Conclusion. Our study can offer new insights into disease mechanisms and prevention through the analysis of risk factor information in a large sample of Mexicans.

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