Using okara in diets for growing broilers

2019 ◽  
Vol 99 (4) ◽  
pp. 804-811
Author(s):  
M. Diaz-Vargas ◽  
A.E. Murakami ◽  
L.H. Zanetti ◽  
P.T. Matumoto-Pintro ◽  
E.M. Massuda ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Oxidation ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Serum Triglycerides ◽  
Carcass Yield ◽  
Performance Variables ◽  
Cholesterol Levels ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Quadratic Response ◽  
Four Levels

This study aimed to evaluate the effects of okara inclusion in diet for growing broilers on performance, carcass yield, blood and bone variables, quality and lipid oxidation of meat, and economic viability. For that, 575 Cobb 21-d-old male broilers were distributed in a completely randomized design with four levels of okara inclusion (25, 50, 75, and 100 g of okara kg−1diet) and a control group with five replicates and 23 birds each. There was no significant difference (P > 0.05) of okara levels on the performance variables, carcass yield, bone variables, and serum triglycerides, calcium and phosphorus at 42-d-old. Serum cholesterol levels showed a quadratic response (P < 0.05), in which the lowest value estimated was 65.3 g of okara kg−1of diet. Okara can be included in diets for broilers up to the level of 100 g kg−1without affecting the performance, carcass yield, bone variables, and lipid oxidation of meat. However, the best economic results were observed up to 50 g of okara kg−1of diet.

scholarly journals ASSOCIATION BETWEEN SERUM URIC ACID AND METABOLIC SYNDROME

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (10) ◽  
pp. 400 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thaslima Nandhini Js ◽  
Savitha Basker G ◽  
Vishnupriya V
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Uric Acid ◽  
Venous Blood ◽  
Fasting Blood Glucose ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Serum Triglycerides ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Disease Condition ◽  
Student’S T ◽  
Student’S T Test

Objective: Metabolic syndrome is a cluster of disease condition characterized by truncal obesity, hypertriglyceridemia, elevated blood pressure, and insulin resistance. An excessive circulating uric acid (UA) level even within normal range is always comorbid with metabolic syndrome and its components. The aim of the current study was to investigate the association between metabolic syndrome and serum UA level.Methods: A total of 60 subjects were divided into two groups of healthy (30 individuals) and metabolic syndrome patients (30 individuals) from dental outpatient department of Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals. 5 ml of fasting venous blood was collected in the plain collection tubes and centrifuged, and then serum was separated. Then, the serum was used to analyze the fasting blood glucose, serum triglycerides (TGLs), and serum UA by GOD-POD, enzymatic colorimetric, and uricase method, respectively. A statistical analysis was performed using Student’s t-test. p<0.05 was considered to be statistically significant.Result: Mean body mass index (BMI), fasting blood sugar (FBS), TGL, and UA level of control group were 23.36±1.81, 84.45±13.1, 110.9±22.6, and 3.48±1.21 respectively. Mean BMI, FBS, TGL, and UA level of study group were 35.24±3.04, 122.85±23.3, 212.1±39.6 and 9.08±2.63 respectively. There is a significant difference between these two groups with p<0.0001.Conclusion: This study showed that those individuals with metabolic syndrome have higher UA level that indicates hyperuricemia which is a significant predictor of metabolic syndrome.

scholarly journals Carcass yield and intestinal morphology of male rabbits fed diets supplemented with turmeric (Curcuma Longa) powder

2020 ◽  
Vol 55 (2) ◽  
pp. 97-106
Author(s):  
E.O. Okanlawon ◽  
E.O. Okanlawon ◽  
K.O. Bello ◽  
O.S. Akinola ◽  
O.O. Oluwatosin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Curcuma Longa ◽  
Intestinal Morphology ◽  
Design Data ◽  
Carcass Yield ◽  
Crypt Depth ◽  
Hind Limbs ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Mucosal Thickness ◽  
Inclusion Level

Thirty-two (7-8 weeks old) male rabbits that weighed between 700 and 800 g were used to determine the effect of inclusion of Turmeric powder on carcass yield and intestinal morphology of rabbits. The rabbits were randomly allotted to four diets containing varying levels of turmeric powder (0, 5, 10 and 15 g) in a complete randomized design. Data were collected on carcass yield, duodenum, jejunum, ileum, crypt depth, mucosal thickness and analyzed using ANOVA. Significant (p<0.05) differences were obtained on bled and eviscerated weights, forelimbs, hind limbs, neck, tail and loin. Highest (p<0.05) duodenum crypt depth (111.50 μm) was obtained with buck fed diet containing 15 g turmeric inclusion while buck fed with diet containing 0 g turmeric had the least value of (67.67 μm). This was similar (p>0.05) with values obtained for buck fed diets containing 5 g turmeric (73.83 μm) and those fed with 10 g turmeric inclusion (79.33 μm). There was significant difference (P<0.05) of rabbit fed with diets with turmeric on jejunum villi height. There was significant difference (P<0.05) in jejunum crypt depth and mucosal thickness. However, 10 g inclusion could be assumed as economic inclusion level for carcass yield and intestinal increase in rabbit production.

Pre-Dialysis Glycemic Control is An Independent Predictor of Mortality Intype Ii Diabetic Patients on Continuous Ambulatory Peritoneal Dialysis

1999 ◽  
Vol 19 (2_suppl) ◽  
pp. 179-183 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mai-Szu Wu ◽  
Chun-Chen Yu ◽  
Ching-Herng Wu ◽  
Jeng Yi Haung ◽  
Mei-Lin Leu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Peritoneal Dialysis ◽  
Glycemic Control ◽  
Serum Albumin ◽  
Poor Glycemic Control ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Type Ii ◽  
Good Glycemic Control ◽  
Cholesterol Levels ◽  
Significant Difference

Objective To evaluate the impact of pre-dialysis glycemic control on clinical outcomes for type II diabetic patients on continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPO). Materials and Methods One hundred and one type II diabetic patients receiving CAPO for at least 3 months were enrolled in a single institute. The patients were classified into two groups according to status of glycemic control. In the good glycemic control group, more than 50% of blood glucose determinations were within 3.3 11.0 mmol/L and glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA 1 C) levels were within 5% -10% at all times. In the poor glycemic control group, less than 50% of blood glucose determinations were within 3.3 -11.0 mmol/L, or HbA1C levels were above 10% at least 6 months before peritoneal dialysis was started. In addition to glycemic control status, pre-dialysis serum albumin, cholesterol levels, residual renal function, peritoneal membrane function, and modes of glycemic control were also recorded. Results The patients with good glycemic control had significantly better survival than those with poor glycemic control (p < 0.01). There was no significant difference in pre-dialysis morbidity between two groups. No significant differences were observed in patient survival between patients with serum albumin above 30 g/L and those with serum albumin under 30 g/L; between those with cholesterol levels above or below 5.2 mmol/L; and between those with different peritoneal membrane solute transport characteristics as evaluated by a peritoneal equilibration test (PET). Furthermore, there was no significant difference in survival between patients who controlled blood sugar by diet and those who controlled it by insulin. Cardiovascular disease and infection are the major causes of death in both groups. Although good glycemic control predicts better survival, it does not change the pattern of mortality in diabetic patients maintained on CAPO. Conclusions Glycemic control before starting dialysis is a predictor of survival for type II diabetic patients on CAPO. Patients with poor glycemic control predialysis are associated with increased morbidity and shortened survival.

scholarly journals Antiatherosclerotic Potential of Clopidogrel: Antioxidant and Anti-Inflammatory Approaches

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Najah R. Hadi ◽  
Bassim I. Mohammad ◽  
Ihsan M. Ajeena ◽  
Hussam H. Sahib
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Profile ◽  
Atherosclerotic Lesion ◽  
Immunohistochemical Analysis ◽  
Atherogenic Diet ◽  
Atherogenic Index ◽  
Vehicle Group ◽  
Medium Size ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Serum Triglycerides ◽  
Significant Difference

Background. Atherosclerosis is characterized by endothelial dysfunction, vascular inflammation, and the buildup of lipids, cholesterol, calcium, and cellular debris within the intima of the walls of large and medium size arteries.Objective. To evaluate the effect of clopidogrel on atherosclerosis progression.Materials and Methods. A total of 28 local domestic rabbits were assigned to four groups: normal control, atherogenic control, vehicle control, and clopidogrel treated. Serum triglycerides, total cholesterol, HDL-C, plasma high sensitive C-reactive protein (hsCRP), plasma malondialdehyde (MDA), and plasma reduced glutathione (GSH) were measured at the end of the experiment. Immunohistochemical of aortic atherosclerotic changes were also performed.Results. There was no statistically significant difference between atherogenic control group and vehicle group. Levels of lipid profile, atherogenic index, hsCRP, and MDA are increased while GSH levels were decreased in animals on atherogenic diet. Immunohistochemical analysis showed that aortic expressions of VCAM-1, MCP-1, TNF-α, and IL-17A were significantly increased in atherogenic control group. Histopathologic finding showed that animals on atherogenic diet have significant atherosclerotic lesion. Compared to atherogenic control group clopidogrel do not have significant effect on lipid profile. Clopidogrel significantly reduces hsCRP and MDA levels and increases GSH level. Furthermore, clopidogrel treatment significantly reduced aortic expressions parameters and the histopathologic examination of the aortic arch showed a significant reduction of atherosclerotic lesion.Conclusions. This study outlines how clopidogrel reduces lipid peroxidation, systemic inflammation, and aortic expression of inflammatory markers and hence reduces the progression of atherosclerosis.

scholarly journals Respon Akar Tanaman Kelapa Sawit (Elaeis guineensis Jacq.) di Pre Nursery Pada Pemberian Air dan Pupuk Urea

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 41
Author(s):  
Yetti Elidar
Keyword(s):  
Elaeis Guineensis ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Water Volume ◽  
Urea Fertilizer ◽  
Root Dry Weight ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Four Levels ◽  
Water Plants ◽  
Number Of Treatment

The research objective was to determine the effect of water and the volume of urea fertilizer and the interaction of both the oil palm plant roots in the nursery early (pre nursery). This research was conducted in the Nursery Faculty of Agriculture, University of Mulawarman, Samarinda from February to May 2014. The study using completely randomized design (CRD) factorial 3 x 4 with three replications. The first factor is the volume of water (A) in the planting medium consists of three levels, namely: a1 = 100 cc of water plants-1; a2 = 200 cc of water plants-1; a3 = 300 cc water plant-1. The second factor is the provision of urea fertilizer (P), which consists of four levels, namely: p0 = without fertilizer urea; p1 = urea 1 g L-1 water to 100 seedlings; p2 = urea 2 g L-1 water to 100 seedlings; PP3 = urea 3 g L-1 water to 100 seedlings. Number of treatment were 12 and each treatment was repeated three times and each replication consisted of three plants so the total number is 108 plants. Data were statistically analyzed and tested further by testing the smallest Significant Difference (LSD) at 5% level. The results showed that the water volume of 200 cc of plant-1 (p2) provides the highest root dry weight average of 254.13 g. While the interaction between the water volume of 200 cc of plant-1 and dose of urea 3 g L-1 water (a2p3) provides the highest root dry weight average of 300,00 g.

scholarly journals Antioxidant and carbohydrate changes of two pomegranate cultivars under deficit irrigation stress

2016 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. e0809 ◽  
Author(s):  
Morteza Ebtedaie ◽  
Akhtar Shekafandeh
Keyword(s):  
Water Stress ◽  
Soluble Sugar ◽  
Field Capacity ◽  
High Water ◽  
Soluble Carbohydrates ◽  
Stem Cuttings ◽  
Water Stress Tolerance ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Four Levels

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the biochemical responses to water stress tolerance of two pomegranate cultivars, ‘Rabbab’ and ‘Shishehgap’. After the establishment of rooted stem cuttings of both cultivars under greenhouse conditions, they were treated with four levels of deficit irrigations (100%, 75%, 50% and 25% of field capacity) in a completely randomized design with four replications. The results showed a significant difference between the two cultivars regarding antioxidant enzymes activities. In both cultivars, the water stress increased the activity of superoxide dismutase, catalase and ascorbate peroxidase. However, at high water deficit (25% field capacity, FC), ‘Rabbab’ showed significantly higher enzyme activity than ‘Shishehgap’. In each level of irrigation, there were not considerable differences in peroxidase activity between the two cultivars. An increment of 162% and 65.5% in soluble sugar was gained at 50% FC in ‘Rabbab’ and ‘Shishehgap’, respectively. ‘Rabbab’ showed better growth performance in each level of irrigation than ‘Shishehgap’. Therefore, it can be concluded that 'Rabbab', with lesser decline in leaf relative water content (RWC), a strong antioxidant system and accumulation of more soluble carbohydrates, can resist higher water stress than 'Shishehgap'.

scholarly journals RED ROSELLA TEA AND AVOCADO AS SIMVASTATIN THERAPY SUPPORT REDUCE TOTAL CHOLESTEROL

Jurnal NERS ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 113
Author(s):  
Budi Artini ◽  
Elyana Asnar ◽  
Ika Yuni Widyawati
Keyword(s):  
Total Cholesterol ◽  
Health Workers ◽  
Total Cholesterol Level ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Control Group Design ◽  
Simvastatin Therapy ◽  
Cholesterol Levels ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Quasi Experimental

Introduction: Hypercholesterolemia is a condition characterized by high levels of total cholesterol in the blood. Many studies have proven that steeping tea rosella and flesh of an avocado can reduce total cholesterol levels. This study was conducted to determine the effectiveness of therapy companion rosella tea and  avocado in lowering total cholesterol levels in hypercholesterolemia clients. Method: This type of research is a quasi-experimental study with pre-post test control group design. The population study was a client with hypercholesterolemia in the working area of menganti health centers. First sample group consisted of nine respondents received the drug Simvastatin 10 mg and rosella tea consumed as much as 2 g 1x / day. The second group consisted of nine respondents received the drug Simvastatin 10 mg and avocado meat weighing 330 grams were consumed 1x / day. The control group consisted of 11 respondents have a drug Simvastatin 10 mg oral 1x daily at night before bed. All groups examined total cholesterol levels before treatment and after treatment on day 15. Result: The results of one-way ANOVA test showed a significant difference between before and after treatment in the first group (p=0,001) and second group (p= 0,005), and there is no significant difference before and after treatment in the control group (p= 0,248). The difference between the three groups showed p= 0.025. Conclusion: The conclusion of this study is giving rosella tea and avocado has the same effectiveness in lowering total cholesterol levels so that health workers can suggest the use of rosella tea and avocado as a companion therapy to reduce total cholesterol level.

scholarly journals Antioxidant Enzyme Activity and Malondialdehyde Concentration on Broiler Fed Contain Lauric Acid and Areca vestiaria Giseke

2018 ◽  
Vol 42 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jola Josephien Mariane Roosje Londok ◽  
Sumiati Sumiati ◽  
I Komang Gede Wiryawan ◽  
Wasmen Manalu
Keyword(s):  
Enzyme Activity ◽  
Antioxidant Enzyme ◽  
Lauric Acid ◽  
Coconut Oil ◽  
Food Product ◽  
Antioxidant Enzyme Activity ◽  
Breast Meat ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Four Levels

The objective of the study was to determine antioxidant enzyme activity and concentration of malondialdehyde on broiler which consumed feed containing lauric acid and natural antioxidant from Areca vestiaria Giseke. The study used 240 day-old chicks of Lohmann MB 202 P strain placed randomly at 24 experimental cage units (10 chickens each) of the litter system. The average temperature of the cage at the study was 25.80 to 32.080 C with relative air humidity rate of 67.69 to 86.20%. The research method followed a Factorial Completely Randomized Design 2 x 4 with 3 replications. The first factor was the source of lauric acid in feed, i.e. conventional coconut oil (CO) and pure lauric acid (LA). The second factor was the source of antioxidant in the form of dosage of Areca vestiaria (AV) and vitamin E supplementation (TF) with four levels of AV, ie 0, 625 mg.kg-1, 1250 mg.kg-1, and TF at a dose of 200 mg .kg-1 feed. Feed and drinking water were given ad libitum. Meat sampling to measure SOD, catalase and MDA was taken at the end of the study by first chickens were fasted for ± 8 hours (overnight). The sample used was right breast meat of experimental male chicken. The data were average from three experimental chickens. The data obtained were analyzed for the variant with the general linear model on MINITAB (version 16), then tested the differences between treatments using Tukey's honestly significant difference (HSD). The results showed that the source of laurate had a significant effect on SOD, catalase, and MDA, while antioxidant concentration significantly decreased SOD and MDA compared with control. The interaction between lauric sources and antioxidant concentrations affected catalase and MDA. The use of coconut oil as much as 3% and antioxidant supplementation of Areca vestiaria Giseke in feed at a dose of 1250 mg kg-1 could decrease lipid oxidation product of meat to produce a healthy food product.

scholarly journals Pengaruh Laserpunktur dan Penambahan Probiotik dalam Laju Pertumbuhan Sapi Bali (Bos sondaicus) Jantan

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 79
Author(s):  
Febriyono Anggela Prakoso ◽  
Raden Tatang Santanu Adikara ◽  
Kusnoto Kusnoto ◽  
Sri Hidanah ◽  
Yeni Dhamayanti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Research Methods ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Treatment Groups ◽  
Gain Rate ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Completely Randomized Design ◽  
Bali Cattle

The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of laserpuncture shoot towards the growth rate of male Bali cattle. This reasearch was done in July until August 2018 in Cendono Village, Pasuruan. This research uses 18 samples with completely randomized design as a research methods. This research used 18 male Bali cattle aged 2 – 2.5 year. This research divided by 3 groups are the control group (P0, which is without laserpuncture shooting) and two treatment groups (P1, which is laserpuncture shooting with 0.5 joule of doses and P2, which is laserpuncture shooting with 0.5 joule of doses and bioplus probiotic). Laserpuncture shooting already done for 6 weeks with 6 days of interval. The result is weight of cuttle is increasing and it is known from digital weight scales. The data is analyzed by using ANOVA test and followed by Duncan. The result is laserpuncture shooting at the growth point can be increasing the weight of male Bali cattle. Stastical comparison amon P0, P1 and P2 showed there were significant difference on growth rate (p<0.05). The result showed that induction of laserpuncture and bioplus probiotic has effect for growth gain rate of male Bali cattle. The optimal rate of weight gain occured in the second week with laserpuncture induction at dose of 0.5 joule and the six week with laserpuncture induction at dose of 0.5 joule and bioplus probiotic.

The Prevalence of Atherosclerosis and Related Factors in Both Types of Premature Ejaculation (Acquired and Lifelong) in Men

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sherif Salah Azab ◽  
Mohamed Abdelfatah Farag
Keyword(s):  
Premature Ejaculation ◽  
Intima Media Thickness ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Smoking Rate ◽  
Related Factors ◽  
Serum Triglycerides ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Group 1

Abstract Background: investigate the prevalence and The related factors between the two types of premature ejaculation (lifelong PE[LPE], acquired PE [APE] in men and atherosclerosis. Methods: One hundred patients complaining of PE and 100 control subjects were enrolled in this prospective study.All cases underwent a full medical history and Clinical examination.Blood pressure,serum lipid profile, testosterone,and Body mass index (BMI) were measured.The Arabic index of premature ejaculation (AIPE) and self-estimated (IELT) Intravaginal latency time was used for PE evaluation. Atherosclerosis was diagnosed by measuring the Carotid artery intima-media thickness (CIMT). Patients were divided into two major groups, (Group 1) [PE group] and (Group 2) [Control group]. Results: The mean age of cases in (group1) and (group 2) were 44.5 ± 11.7 versus 42.3 ± 10.8 yrs. The Systolic BP, diastolic (BP), Serum Triglycerides, serum LDL (BMI), the prevalence of atherosclerosis and smoking rate showed higher results in (group1) compared to group2, with significant difference (p<0.001). The IELT was significantly lower in group1 (2.67± 1.25) compared to group2 (3.77±1.52), (p<0.001). The prevalence of APE (74%) was significantly higher than LPE (26%) in group1(p<0.001). regression analysis revealed that patients with APE showed more comorbidities than LPE patients concerning the prevalence of atherosclerosis, hypertension, and hyperlipidemia (p<0.001 for all items).Both of APE and LPE were significantly related to age>35y, BMI ≥ 25 kg/m2, smoking, Bl pressure and hyperlipidemia (p<0.001 for all factors).Conclusions: Both types of PE,predominately the APE type,are associated with atherosclerosis, hypertension, and hyperlipidemia. The APE type reported more prevalence than the LPE.

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