STARCH CONTENT OF WESTERN CANADIAN WHEAT: II. ITS ESTIMATION FROM PROTEIN CONTENT, AND SOME ESTIMATED DATA

1943 ◽  
Vol 21c (11) ◽  
pp. 323-331
Author(s):  
J. Ansel Anderson ◽  
William J. Eva
Keyword(s):  
Protein Content ◽  
Correlation Coefficient ◽  
Starch Content ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Prediction Equation ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
The Past ◽  
Moisture Basis

Data for 180 samples representing 20 carlots of each of Grades 1 Northern, 3 Northern, and No. 5 wheat, inspected at Winnipeg, Edmonton, and Calgary, were used in a study of the relations between starch and protein content. It was demonstrated that all data for Grades 1 and 3 Northern could be legitimately pooled. The resulting correlation coefficient was −.918, and the prediction equation was: starch = 68.0 − 1.12 × protein (±0.76). The data for No. 5 wheat were heterogeneous, and yielded correlation coefficients of the order of −.7 which were too low for prediction purposes. By means of the above equation it is estimated that for the past 16 crops the average starch content of Western Canadian wheat has varied between 51.1 and 55.1%, with a mean value of 52.7% (13.5% moisture basis). Starch maps are shown representing the average for the 12 year period 1927 to 1938, and the crops of the two years, 1941 and 1942.

EFFECTS OF VARIETY AND ENVIRONMENT ON THE STARCH CONTENT OF WHEAT AND BARLEY

1943 ◽  
Vol 21c (10) ◽  
pp. 307-321 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. G. McCalla ◽  
W. G. Corns
Keyword(s):  
Protein Content ◽  
Environmental Conditions ◽  
Starch Content ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Prairie Soils ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Significant Regression

Starch content of six varieties each of wheat and barley grown under a wide range of environmental conditions was determined polarimetrically. Environment had a greater effect on starch content than did variety, but both effects were highly significant. Correlation coefficients as high as −.970 were obtained between starch and protein content, and for every variety coefficients were highly significant. Regression of starch on protein yielded coefficients numerically well above −1.0 for both wheat and barley.Barley yielded 16% more starch per acre, on the average, than did wheat. Yields of starch per acre were highest in grain grown on parkland soils, and lowest in that on prairie soils.

EFFECT OF IMMATURITY ON THE MILLING AND BAKING QUALITY OF RED SPRING WHEAT

1980 ◽  
Vol 60 (2) ◽  
pp. 357-369 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. H. TIPPLES
Keyword(s):  
Moisture Content ◽  
Protein Content ◽  
Spring Wheat ◽  
Starch Content ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Quality Data ◽  
Loaf Volume ◽  
Milling Quality ◽  
Maximum Test ◽  
Moisture Basis

Red spring wheat, grown in four separate years at a Manitoba location, was cut at various stages of maturity, allowed to dry in the ear, threshed and subjected to milling, analytical, rheological and baking tests in order to determine the effect of immaturity on end use quality. Moisture content in the ripening wheat fell steadily, from a level of 55–75% (depending on the year) around 10 days following anthesis to 15–25% around 40 days following anthesis. Patterns of changes in quality data were more closely related to moisture content at cutting than to number of days from anthesis. Maximum test weight and grade were usually obtained for wheat cut at a moisture content of 45% or lower, whereas maximum dry weight was not achieved unless kernel desiccation was allowed to continue to 30–35% moisture. Wheat protein content (13.5% moisture basis) reached a minimum at about 50% moisture (around 15–28 days following anthesis) then increased by 0.5–1.3 percentage units to its final value at full ripeness. Acceptable milling quality was achieved when wheat was allowed to ripen to about 47% moisture before cutting although a further slight improvement was noted with further ripening. Flour-damaged starch content tended to decrease steadily with increasing maturity and this resulted in a decrease in flour Farinograph water absorption with increasing maturity. Physical dough characteristics indicated an increase in gluten strength with increasing maturity as manifested by increases in dough development time and extensigram area. Loaf volume was at a normal level for the protein content for all but the most immature samples although crumb color, as flour color, was poor for samples cut above 47% moisture.

Breeding parameters of the main economically useful traits of milk productivity of black-and-white Ural type cows

2021 ◽  
pp. 22-27
Author(s):  
M. Yu. Sevostyanov ◽  
O. E. Likhodeevskaya ◽  
O. V. Gorelik
Keyword(s):  
Protein Content ◽  
Correlation Coefficient ◽  
Milk Yield ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Fat Content ◽  
Milk Productivity ◽  
Breeding Parameters ◽  
Black And White ◽  
The Past ◽  
Protein Milk

Currently first place in the number is a domestic black-motley breed, second place – Holstein. In the Sverdlovsk region, the Ural type of black-and-white cattle was created and officially registered in 2002 by crossing the breeding stock of the black-and-white breed of the Ural offspring with the Holstein bulls. In recent years, there has been a stable significant increase in milk productivity, as a result of which in five years the milk yield for the herd increased by 1388 kg of milk, and for full-aged cows by 1655 kg and reached 10257 kg. A significant increase in productivity was accompanied by a significant increase in the fat content in milk by 0.26% on average for the herd, and by 0.47% for first heifers. protein-Milk content has not changed much, but it is still not high enough. Over the past five years, there has been an increase in the variability of the main selectible trait – milk yield for both the first and third lactation. The selection boundaries for such an important quality indicator of milk as protein content have been slightly expanded. Coefficient of variability in protein content. The negative impact of milk yield on the level of fat content of the herd over the past more than 15 years has naturally changed from an average negative to an average positive in first-heifers, and in full-aged cows it has decreased from -0.17 to -0.08. The dependence of milk yield after the third calving on the results of the first lactation has decreased, but it is still quite significant, as evidenced by the corresponding correlation coefficient of 0.28. The increase in the correlation coefficient between the milk yield of mothers and daughters has almost doubled in ten years.

IMPROVEMENT OF SPRING DURUM WHEAT SELECTION METHODOLOGIES UNDER CLIMATE CHANGE CONDITIONS

1970 ◽  
pp. 33-36
Author(s):  
А. I. Grabovets ◽  
V. P. Kadushkina ◽  
S. А. Kovalenko
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Durum Wheat ◽  
Correlation Coefficient ◽  
Harvest Index ◽  
Unit Area ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Chemical Mutagenesis ◽  
Main Method ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Selection Of

With the growing aridity of the climate on the Don, it became necessary to improve the methodology for conducting the  breeding of spring durum wheat. The main method of obtaining the source material remains intraspecific step hybridization. Crossings were performed between genetically distant forms, differing in origin and required traits and properties. The use of chemical mutagenesis was a productive way to change the heredity of genotypes in terms of drought tolerance. When breeding for productivity, both in dry years of research and in favorable years, the most objective markers were identified — the size of the aerial mass, the mass of grain per plant, spike, and harvest index. The magnitude of the correlation coefficients between the yield per unit area and the elements of its structure is established. It was most closely associated with them in dry years, while in wet years it decreased. Power the correlation of the characteristics of the pair - the grain yield per square meter - the aboveground biomass averaged r = 0.73, and in dry years it was higher (0.91) than in favorable ones (0.61 - 0.70) , between the harvest and the harvest index - r = 0.81 (on average). In dry years, the correlation coefficient increased to 0.92. Research data confirms the greatest importance of the mass of grain from one ear and the plant in the formation of grain yield per unit area in both dry and wet years. In dry years, the correlation coefficient between yield and grain mass per plant was on average r = 0.80; in favorable years, r = 0.69. The relationship between yield and grain mass from the ear was greater — r = 0.84 and r = 0.82, respectively. Consequently, the breeding significance of the aboveground mass and the productivity of the ear, as a criterion for the selection of the crop, especially increases in the dry years. They were basic in the selection.

Milk productivity of the cows of Holstein and Simmental breeds in environment of the Novosibirsk region

2020 ◽  
pp. 41-49 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Zheltikov ◽  
N. Kostomakhin ◽  
D. Adushinov ◽  
O. Zaiko ◽  
V. Dementev ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Protein Content ◽  
Milk Yield ◽  
Milk Fat ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Fat Content ◽  
Milk Productivity ◽  
Holstein Breed ◽  
Novosibirsk Region ◽  
Daily Milk Yield

The characteristic of milk productivity of cows of Holstein and Simmental breeds in LLC “Sibirskaya Niva” in the Maslyaninsky district in the Novosibirsk region has been given. It has been revealed that under the natural and climatic environments of the Western Siberia, when creating favorable conditions for feeding and housing for cows of Holstein and Simmental breeds have sufficiently high milk productivity. It has been found that Holstein first-calf heifers surpassed their Simmental herdmates by 959 kg in milk yield for the first 305 days of lactation under the same conditions of housing and feeding, by 3,1 kg in daily milk yield, by 38,2 kg in milk fat yield, and by 28,3 kg in milk protein yield (P < 0,001). There were no statistically significant differences between animals of Holstein and Simmental breeds in terms of fat and protein content in milk, which amounted to 3,94 and 2,96 % in Holstein breed and 3,97 and 2,98 % in Simmental breed, respectively. Both breeds have shown high milk productivity during the first 3 lactations. Thus, the milk yield of Holstein cows for the first 3 lactation was 6475–9290 kg, Simmental cows it was 5516–7680 kg, fat content was 3,93–3,99 and 3,96–3,97 %, respectively. The protein content in the milk of cows of both breeds did not exceed 3,0 %. High variability has been found in milk yield, yield of milk fat and protein, the coefficient of milk content and duration of lactation, the lowest in the content of protein and fat in milk and live weight. The correlation coefficients between the fat and protein content in milk were generally positive, but did not exceed 0,28. Therefore, breeding in the herd of cows in LLC “Sibirskaya Niva” have to be conducted not only by fat content, but also by protein content in milk.

scholarly journals Development and Relative Validity of a Semiquantitative Food Frequency Questionnaire to Estimate Dietary Intake among a Multi-Ethnic Population in the Malaysian Cohort Project

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 1163
Author(s):  
Suzana Shahar ◽  
Mohd Razif Shahril ◽  
Noraidatulakma Abdullah ◽  
Boekhtiar Borhanuddin ◽  
Mohd Arman Kamaruddin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin C ◽  
Correlation Coefficient ◽  
Food Frequency Questionnaire ◽  
Intraclass Correlation ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Weighted Kappa ◽  
Dietary Intakes ◽  
Food Frequency ◽  
Relative Validity ◽  
Spearman’S Correlation

Measuring dietary intakes in a multi-ethnic and multicultural setting, such as Malaysia, remains a challenge due to its diversity. This study aims to develop and evaluate the relative validity of an interviewer-administered food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) in assessing the habitual dietary exposure of The Malaysian Cohort (TMC) participants. We developed a nutrient database (with 203 items) based on various food consumption tables, and 803 participants were involved in this study. The output of the FFQ was then validated against three-day 24-h dietary recalls (n = 64). We assessed the relative validity and its agreement using various methods, such as Spearman’s correlation, weighed Kappa, intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC), and Bland–Altman analysis. Spearman’s correlation coefficient ranged from 0.24 (vitamin C) to 0.46 (carbohydrate), and almost all nutrients had correlation coefficients above 0.3, except for vitamin C and sodium. Intraclass correlation coefficients ranged from −0.01 (calcium) to 0.59 (carbohydrates), and weighted Kappa exceeded 0.4 for 50% of nutrients. In short, TMC’s FFQ appears to have good relative validity for the assessment of nutrient intake among its participants, as compared to the three-day 24-h dietary recalls. However, estimates for iron, vitamin A, and vitamin C should be interpreted with caution.

scholarly journals Cardiorespiratory Functioning in Youth with Persistent Post-Concussion Symptoms: A Pilot Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 561
Author(s):  
Aliyah Snyder ◽  
Christopher Sheridan ◽  
Alexandra Tanner ◽  
Kevin Bickart ◽  
Molly Sullan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Processing Speed ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Exhaled Breath ◽  
Post Injury ◽  
The Past ◽  
Neurobehavioral Outcomes ◽  
End Tidal ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
End Tidal Co2

Dysregulation of the autonomic nervous system (ANS) may play an important role in the development and maintenance of persistent post-concussive symptoms (PPCS). Post-injury breathing dysfunction, which is influenced by the ANS, has not been well-studied in youth. This study evaluated cardiorespiratory functioning at baseline in youth patients with PPCS and examined the relationship of cardiorespiratory variables with neurobehavioral outcomes. Participants were between the ages of 13–25 in two groups: (1) Patients with PPCS (concussion within the past 2–16 months; n = 13) and (2) non-injured controls (n = 12). Capnometry was used to obtain end-tidal CO2 (EtCO2), oxygen saturation (SaO2), respiration rate (RR), and pulse rate (PR) at seated rest. PPCS participants exhibited a reduced mean value of EtCO2 in exhaled breath (M = 36.3 mmHg, SD = 2.86 mmHg) and an altered inter-correlation between EtCO2 and RR compared to controls. Neurobehavioral outcomes including depression, severity of self-reported concussion symptoms, cognitive catastrophizing, and psychomotor processing speed were correlated with cardiorespiratory variables when the groups were combined. Overall, results from this study suggest that breathing dynamics may be altered in youth with PPCS and that cardiorespiratory outcomes could be related to a dimension of neurobehavioral outcomes associated with poorer recovery from concussion.

Comparison of visual (MUNSELL) and instrumental measures (CIELAB) of coloured textile standard samples

2019 ◽  
Vol 23 (4) ◽  
pp. 340-354
Author(s):  
Asim Kumar Roy Choudhury ◽  
Biswajit Naskar
Keyword(s):  
Correlation Coefficient ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Standard Samples ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Psychophysical Data ◽  
Physical Data ◽  
Hue Angle ◽  
Munsell Scale

Purpose This paper aims to compare visual (Munsell) and instrumental (CIELAB) attributes of SCOTDIC colour standards. Design/methodology/approach SCOTDIC cotton and polyester standards of defined hue, value and chroma were subjected to spectrophotometric assessment for finding the corresponding instrumental parameters. The visual and instrumental parameters were compared. Findings The correlation between SCOTDIC value and CIELAB lightness is quite high. Correlation coefficient between SCOTDIC hue and CIELAB hue angle and the correlation between SCOTDIC chroma and CIELAB chroma were only moderate because the CIELAB chroma varied widely at higher chroma. When the standards of SCOTDIC hues having erratic hue angles at two extremes are excluded, the Correlation coefficients between SCOTDIC hue and CIELAB hue angle become high. Research limitations/implications The psychophysical data (visual) are difficult to match with physical data (instrumental). Originality/value The object of the present research is to study and compare visual (Munsell) and instrumental (CIELAB) colorimetric parameters. Munsell scale is physically exemplified by SCOTDIC fabric samples available in two sets, namely, cotton and polyester sets.

Effect of Surface Roughness on Slip Resistance of Rubber

2011 ◽  
Vol 189-193 ◽  
pp. 1538-1542
Author(s):  
Li Xiao Jia ◽  
Yong Zhen Zhang ◽  
Yong Ping Niu ◽  
San Ming Du ◽  
Jian Li
Keyword(s):  
Surface Roughness ◽  
Correlation Coefficient ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Roughness Parameters ◽  
Test Conditions ◽  
Slip Resistance ◽  
Materials Used ◽  
Almost All ◽  
Effect Of Surface

In order to decrease accidents of slips and falls, COFs of rubber samples with different surface roughness were measured by Brungraber Mark II. And the correlation coefficients between roughness parameters and COF were calculated. The rusults have shown that the COF increases with surface roughness and the correlation coefficient between Sq and COF is highest. In general, almost all the roughness parameters used in the study have high correlation with COF. Parameters had the highest correlation with COF depends on the materials used and test conditions.

scholarly journals Innovative Correlation Coefficient Measurement with Fuzzy Data

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Berlin Wu ◽  
Chin Feng Hung
Keyword(s):  
Mathematics Achievement ◽  
Correlation Coefficient ◽  
Empirical Studies ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Interval Data ◽  
Fuzzy Data ◽  
Pearson’S Correlation Coefficient ◽  
Coefficient Measurement ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Fuzzy Interval

Correlation coefficients are commonly found with crisp data. In this paper, we use Pearson’s correlation coefficient and propose a method for evaluating correlation coefficients for fuzzy interval data. Our empirical studies involve the relationship between mathematics achievement and other projects.

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