Comparing Yin-Yang, the Chinese Symbol of Creation, with Ouroboros of Greek Alchemy

1989 ◽  
Vol 17 (03n04) ◽  
pp. 95-98 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Mahdihassan
Keyword(s):  
Posterior Half ◽  
Anterior Portion ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Anterior Half ◽  
Yin Yang ◽  
The Universe ◽  
The Ideal

The universe was early divided into Earth below and Heaven above. These, two as one, gave the idea of opposites but forming a unity. Each opposite was assumed to be powerful and so was their final unity. For creation of the universe they projected reproduction to conceive creation. Now reproduction results in the union of two opposites as male and female. Correspondingly, the Chinese believed Light and Darkness, as the ideal opposites, when united, yielded creative energy. The two opposites were further conceived as matter and energy which became dual-natured but as one. The two opposites were yin-yang and their unity was called Chhi, Yin-Yang was treated separately in Chinese cosmology which consisted of five cosmic elements. Since Chinese alchemy did reach Alexandria probably the symbol Yin-Yang, as dual-natured, responsible for creation, was transformed into a symbol called Ouroboros, It is a snake and as such a symbol of soul. Its head and anterior portion is red, being the colour of blood as soul; its tail and posterior half is dark, representing body. Ouroboros here is depicted white and black, as soul and body, the two as "one which is all". It is cosmic soul, the source of all creation. Ouroboros is normally depicted with its anterior half as black but it should be the reverse as shown here. With the name Chemeia taken to Kim-Iya, the last word would take Ouroboros to Yin-Yang.

Comparative assessment of average clinical smile parameters in male and female patients with orthognathic occlusion

2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (2) ◽  
pp. 121-126
Author(s):  
V. G. Galonsky ◽  
N. V. Tarasova ◽  
V. V. Aliamovskii ◽  
I. S. Leonovich
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Dimorphism ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Young Males ◽  
Young Females ◽  
Female Patients ◽  
Evaluation Of Parameters ◽  
Distinguishing Features ◽  
Vertical Size ◽  
Relative Concept ◽  
The Ideal

Relevance. Separate issues in anthropomorphic sizes of relative norm of the ideal smile, its qualitative and qualitative parameters have not been addressed to sufficiently and are not properly reflected in scientific literature.Purpose. To determine distinguishing features in average smile parameters of the smile in male and female patients with orthognathic occlusion.Materials and methods. A clinical and anthropometric evaluation of parameters in main smile types was carried out for 150 young males and 150 young females aged 19-24 who had identical physiological development parameters.Results. It has been revealed that occurrence frequency of main smile types in patients with orthognathic occlusion has pronounced signs of sexual dimorphism which in over one half of the cases lies in predominance of the incisal smile type in males (52.7%) and the fascial type in females (55.3%). Occurence frequency of the cervical smile type totaled 25% among the studied patients of both genders. Average vertical size parameters in the incisal smile lies within the diapason of 3.91-4.91mm with surpassing by 1mm in males. Analogical data for the fascial smile type form the diapason of 6.21-6.73mm with surpassing by 0.52mm in females. The cervical smile type is characterised by larger vertical size forming the diapason of 7.94-8.91mm with surpassing by 0.97mm in males.Conclusion. The results of the study have shown that the “beautiful and ideal smile” is a relative concept having varied anthropometric characteristics and pronounced signs of sexual dimorphism lying in a broad spectrum of the dentofacial system norm notion with specific vectors for individual morphological deviations.

scholarly journals Cultural Transfer and Dialogue of Cultures in the Russian and Latin American Civilizational Borderlands

2021 ◽  
pp. 110-127
Author(s):  
Yakov SHEMYAKIN
Keyword(s):  
Latin America ◽  
Latin American ◽  
Cultural Transfer ◽  
Planetary Scale ◽  
Intercultural Interaction ◽  
Basic Reason ◽  
The Universe ◽  
The Ideal

The article compares “cultural transfer” and “dialogue of cultures” as socio-cultural realities in two "border" civilizations of planetary scale – Latin America and Russia. The author develops and illustrates the thesis that identity of subjects of intercultural interaction is a necessary precondition and the key to cultural transfer. The focus is on the problematics of the dialogue of cultures. According to the author, the basic reason for all difficulties to put into practice the ideal of dialogue consists in what W. O. Quine described as the problem of "radical translation", that is, of understanding texts created within another culture based on essentially different views about the universe and life.

scholarly journals Keadilan Hukum Jeremy Bentham dan Relevansinya bagi Praktik Hukum Kontemporer

Humaniora ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 299
Author(s):  
Frederikus Fios
Keyword(s):  
Global Politics ◽  
Jeremy Bentham ◽  
Ideal Model ◽  
The Core ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Core Idea ◽  
The Universe ◽  
Universe Of Discourse ◽  
British Philosopher ◽  
The Ideal

Fair punishment for a condemned has been long debated in the universe of discourse of law and global politics. The debate on the philosophical level was no less lively. Many schools of thought philosophy question, investigate, reflect and assess systematically the ideal model for the subject just punishment in violation of the law. One of the interesting and urgent legal thought Jeremy Bentham, a British philosopher renowned trying to provide a solution in the middle of the debate was the doctrine or theory of utilitarianism. The core idea is that the fair punishment should be a concern for happiness of a condemned itself, and not just for revenge. Bentham thought has relevance in several dimensions such as dimensions of humanism, moral and utility.  

scholarly journals Effects of transverse relationships between maxillary arch, mouth, and face on smile esthetics

2015 ◽  
Vol 86 (1) ◽  
pp. 135-141 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ke Zhang ◽  
Lan Huang ◽  
Lin Yang ◽  
Li Xu ◽  
Chaoran Xue ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Young Female ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Facial Region ◽  
Face Width ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Left And Right ◽  
Smile Esthetics ◽  
Maxillary Arch ◽  
The Ideal

ABSTRACTObjective: To identify the ideal ratios between the widths of the maxillary arch, mouth, and face, respectively, and to determine the range of acceptable esthetic variations based on these ideal ratios.Materials and Methods: A photograph of a young female with a harmonious smile was selected and digitally altered to produce two sets of images. The first image showed an altered intercanine width, while the second one showed an altered oral fissure breadth. These alterations were independently rated by judges, including 23 orthodontists and 30 undergraduates. The Mann-Whitney U-test was used to compare the scores given by male and female judges and those given by professional and nonprofessional judges.Results: The following ideal transverse ratios were determined: intercanine width/oral fissure breadth, 0.638; oral fissure breadth/interparopia width: the distance between left and right paropia, 0.617; and intercanine width/face width at the level of the labial commissures, 0.300. A range of −10% to +10% was proposed as the thresholds of esthetic smile evaluations. It was shown that gender of the raters had no effect on the rating of photographs, nor were there any statistically significant differences between the professional and nonprofessional judges’ ratings.Conclusions: Balanced transverse relationships in the facial region are important for smile esthetics, and there is a wide range of esthetically acceptable variations in the transverse relationships between the maxillary arch, mouth, and face.

Discussions and Applications

1997 ◽  
pp. 60-106
Author(s):  
Elizabeth M. Kraus
Keyword(s):  
Alfred North Whitehead ◽  
Actual Entity ◽  
Modal Theory ◽  
Real Essence ◽  
The Universe ◽  
The Ideal

This chapter analyzes Part II of Process and Reality. It begins with a discussion of fact and form, and states that for Alfred North Whitehead, to be an actual entity is to be fully formed, fully definite, with no indeterminations left unresolved. From the welter of what it could be, an actual entity decides what it will be: realizing certain potentials and positively excluding others; taking a definite stance with respect to everything in the ideal and actual worlds. Its real essence, structured by its associative hierarchy, comprises the full particularity of its status in the universe and of the universe in it: its unique way of housing and pervading this world populated by these actual entities. The remainder of the chapter explains the extensive continuum; order, society, organisms, and environment; the modal theory of perception; and a theory of judgment.

Effect of different levels of digestible lysine on performance, and blood parameters of male and female broilers in the starter period

2009 ◽  
Vol 2009 ◽  
pp. 221-221
Author(s):  
F Alemi ◽  
M Shivazad ◽  
M Zaghari ◽  
H Moravej ◽  
A Mahdavi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Blood Parameters ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Feed Formulation ◽  
Increase Weight Gain ◽  
Improve Body Composition ◽  
Different Levels ◽  
The Ideal

Lysine is the reference amino acid (AA) in the ideal AA ratios for chickens. Feed formulation based on digestible AA has been shown to increase weight gain and feed intake and improve body composition in broilers. Amino acid (AA) in most feed ingredients will not be totally digested, and knowledge of such efficiency is important in formulating diets and will be used to eliminate differences in absorption efficiencies due to feedstuff sources. This study was conducted to evaluate the growth performance and blood parameters of broilers fed various levels of DL (Digestible Lysine) supplemented in diets from day 1 to day 18.

The Path to Devekut: Ecstatic and Cordoverian Teachings

2010 ◽  
pp. 156-171
Author(s):  
Sharon Flatto
Keyword(s):  
Human Activity ◽  
Striking Similarity ◽  
The Universe ◽  
The Ideal ◽  
Reward And Punishment

This chapter analyses how Ezekiel Landau appropriates Cordoverian expressions, motifs, and ideals aside from availing zoharic teachings in all his works. It explains the central mystical goal of devekut that is promoted in both ecstatic and Cordoverian writings, which claims that nothing less than the structure of the universe, the purpose of human activity, reward and punishment, and the nature of the next world can relate to this state. It also mentions how Landau frequently advocates the ideal of devekut and related mystical concepts in terms borrowed from Maimonides' philosophical and legal works. The chapter considers ideas that bear a striking similarity to elements of ecstatic and Cordoverian Kabbalah, in which Landau promotes the ideal of devekut. It discusses the presence of the goal of devekut that are regularly incorporated into Cordoverian works.

Maxentius, the Dioscuri, and the Legitimisation of Imperial Power

Antichthon ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 52 ◽  
pp. 161-180
Author(s):  
Gwynaeth McIntyre
Keyword(s):  
Fourth Century ◽  
Imperial Power ◽  
Ideological Conflict ◽  
The City ◽  
The Universe ◽  
The Ideal

AbstractMythological twin brothers played key roles in the establishment and preservation of the city of Rome. This article examines the use of one particular set of brothers, Castor and Pollux, by rival forms of government in the early fourth century ce. In his work on the representations of the Dioscuri on Roman coinage, Gricourt argues that the Dioscuri symbolise the same ideas on Maxentius’ coins as on other such imperial coinage, namely their role in maintaining the eternal order of the universe and their roles as protectors of soldiers.1 More recently, however, Marlowe and Hekster have successfully argued that Maxentius’ ideology was a counterclaim to that presented by the Tetrarchy.2 Developing this notion further with respect to Maxentius’ coinage, this article argues that, for the Tetrarchs, Castor and Pollux served as the ideal figures to symbolise the importance of concordia in the collective rule of like-minded individuals. Maxentius, however, used Castor and Pollux in connection with other symbols of the city of Rome (such as Romulus, Remus, and the she-wolf) on his coins to promote his restoration of the city of Rome (in conjunction with titles such as princeps and conservator urbis suae). The examination of this ideological conflict between Maxentius and the Tetrarchy, through their use of Castor and Pollux on their coinage, sheds light on the mutability of myth and its role in the promotion of particular aspects of mythological narratives and figures to support an individual’s own claims to power.

Spouse Selection: Important Criteria and Age Preferences of an Iranian Sample

2008 ◽  
Vol 103 (2) ◽  
pp. 535-544 ◽  
Author(s):  
Siamak Samani ◽  
Bruce A. Ryan
Keyword(s):  
Family Background ◽  
Female Students ◽  
The Other ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Social Prestige ◽  
Selection For ◽  
Spouse Selection ◽  
Age Of Marriage ◽  
Item Scale ◽  
The Ideal

Importance of different criteria and age preference in spouse selection for single and married young Iranian adults was examined. The sample included 104 married (49 male. 55 female) and 112 single (51 male. 61 female) students. A 26- item scale developed for this study included 4 items related to demographic factors. 3 items on preferences for the ideal age of marriage, and 19 Likert-type items asking about criteria important for spouse selection. Analysis indicated that, in Iran, commitment, chastity, refinement, and health are four important criteria for spouse selection among male and female and single and married persons. Also, experience of marriage for married males may increase maturity, social prestige, family background, having a job, and age as criteria for choosing a spouse. On the other hand, marriage experience for females may decrease the importance of social skills, housekeeping, and autonomy for selecting a spouse.

scholarly journals The feminine image of Russia in the religious and philosophical writings by Russian thinkers at the turn of the 20th century

2021 ◽  
Vol 103 ◽  
pp. 01041
Author(s):  
Arcady G. Sadovnikov ◽  
Alina E. Korzheva ◽  
Farrukh Begidjon Khudoidodzoda
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Human Nature ◽  
20Th Century ◽  
Silver Age ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Russian Culture ◽  
The Feminine ◽  
Philosophical Writings ◽  
The Universe

The article looks at the versions of the feminine image of Russia in the religious and philosophical reflections of the Russian thinkers who worked during the Silver Age (the period of Russian culture covering approximately 1890–1917): Vladimir Solovyov, Nikolai Berdyaev, and Sergei Bulgakov. Special attention is paid to the balance between the male and female principles, which are endowed with certain characteristics in different works by Russian thinkers, not only from the perspective of human nature but also in terms of the nature of Russian culture and mentality, as well as the cosmic nature of the universe. Analysis of the religious and philosophical pursuit of the Silver Age relating to the feminine image of Russia allows the authors to specify the ideas of the characteristics of femininity engrained in the Russian culture and clarify the role of this pursuit in the development of the reflexive Russian thought directed towards becoming aware of these characteristics. The belief about the salvatory mission carried out by the feminine aspect of the human and cosmic nature distinctively identified in the religious and philosophical writings by the Russian thinkers belonging to the Siver Age requires further study. The research has been conducted within the framework of the symbolic direction of cultural studies with the help of comparative analysis, the method of theoretical reconstruction, and problematic-logical, functional, and systemic approaches. These methods allowed the authors to specify the problematic field of the research and define the main concepts to examine the statements about the feminine aspect of Russian culture by different authors as a unified system of forms aimed at the comprehension of the value and symbolic foundation of the national ethnic culture.

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