Adsorption of Crystal Violet Dye onto Tamarind Seed Powder

The present investigation describes adsorption of crystal violet dye from its aqueous solution onto tamarind (Tamarindus indica) fruit shell powder. Initial concentration, agitation speed and pH with various temperature have been studied, in which pH was found to be most effective. The adsorption data were mathematically analyzed using adsorption isotherm like Freundlich and Langmuir isotherm to study adsorption mechanism of crystal violet onto this seed powder. Freundlich isotherm was found to be most applicable. The equilibrium data were applied to intra-particle diffusion and adsorption kinetics. The reaction was found to be pseudo second order.

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Crystal Violet Dye Adsorption from Aqueous Solution using Activated Chickpea Husk (Cicer arientum)

Asian Journal of Chemistry ◽

10.14233/ajchem.2022.23444 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 34 (1) ◽

pp. 104-110

Author(s):

Sonia Rani ◽

Sudesh Chaudhary

Keyword(s):

Crystal Violet ◽

Adsorption Mechanism ◽

Dye Adsorption ◽

Second Order ◽

Order Model ◽

Batch Mode ◽

After Effects ◽

Crystal Violet Dye ◽

Pseudo Second Order ◽

Second Order Model

The chickpea husk (Cicer arientum) were activated by chemical modification with sulphuric acid, for its application as biosorbent for the remediation of crystal violet dye from wastewater. Activated chickpea husk (ACH) was characterized for its chemical structure and morphology using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and scanning electron microscope (SEM). The after effects of leading affecting parameters like dose of adsorbent, time of contact, pH and concentration were studied by commencing experiments in batch mode. Adsorption mechanism and sorption efficiency of ACH was examined using variety of isotherms (Langmuir & Freundlich) and kinetic models (pseudo first order and pseudo second order). Experimental data for adsorption rate was in good harmony with the results obtained using pseudo second order model. The adsorption capacity determined using Langmuir isotherm and pseudo second order model was found to be 142.85 mg/g.

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Parkia speciosa (Petai) pod as a potential low-cost adsorbent for the removal of toxic crystal violet dye

Scientia Bruneiana ◽

10.46537/scibru.v15i0.26 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 15 ◽

Author(s):

Linda Biaw Leng Lim ◽

Namal Priyantha ◽

Hui Hsin Cheng ◽

Nur Afiqah Hazirah

Keyword(s):

Adsorption Isotherm ◽

Crystal Violet ◽

Low Cost ◽

Isotherm Models ◽

Batch Adsorption ◽

Medium Ph ◽

Crystal Violet Dye ◽

Intra Particle Diffusion ◽

Pseudo Second Order ◽

Optimized Conditions

This study focused on the use of Parkia speciosa (Petai) pod as a potential adsorbent for the removal of crystal violet (CV) dye. Batch adsorption isotherm experiments carried out under optimized conditions were fitted to six isotherm models, namely Langmuir, Freundlich, Temkin, Dubinin-Radushkevich, Redlich-Peterson and Sips. Of these, the Sips model best described the adsorption isotherm of Petai pod for the removal of CV dye, giving a desirable adsorption capacity (qmax) of 163.2 mg g-1. Adsorption kinetics was found to follow the pseudo-second order, and further, intra-particle diffusion played a significant role. This study also revealed that the adsorption of CV by Petai pod is influenced by the ionic strength of the medium. However, Petai pod showed resilience towards changes in medium pH.

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Kinetics, Isotherms and Thermodynamic Modeling of Liquid Phase Adsorption of Crystal Violet Dye onto Shrimp-Waste in Its Raw, Pyrolyzed Material and Activated Charcoals

Applied Sciences ◽

10.3390/app9245337 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 9 (24) ◽

pp. 5337 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

John Rojas ◽

David Suarez ◽

Alfredo Moreno ◽

Javier Silva-Agredo ◽

Ricardo A. Torres-Palma

Keyword(s):

Crystal Violet ◽

Freundlich Isotherm ◽

Point Of Zero Charge ◽

Shrimp Waste ◽

Kinetics Of Adsorption ◽

Liquid Phase Adsorption ◽

High Ionization ◽

Crystal Violet Dye ◽

Adsorption Data ◽

Kinetics Of

Shrimp waste and its charcoal derivatives were evaluated for the removal of crystal violet. Activation was conducted at 500 °C with phosphoric acid at the 1:2 and 1:3 ratios. Activated charcoals were more porous and had a more roughly surface containing mainly C, O, Ca N, and P. Equilibrium adsorption data were fitted using seven kinetic and six isotherms models. Activation created acidic moieties (>4700 µmol/g) and reduced the point of zero charge (<2.5). Freundlich isotherm best described the uptake of the dye onto the adsorbents suggesting a heterogeneous adsorption, whereas the Bangham and Avrami models best described the kinetics of adsorption process. An endothermic and spontaneous physisorption was responsible for the sorption phenomena in most adsorbents. The high removal of crystal violet was attributed to the high ionization capacity of the adsorbent coupled with the high external surface area (>44 m2/g). The best adsorption capacity (208 mg/g) was found for the activated and charred materials, whereas the lowest one (3.9 mg/g) was found for the pyrolyzed material. This research creates the possibility to deal with two environmental problems: (i) the reuse of shrimp waste and (ii) the removal of water pollutants such as crystal violet.

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Removal of Methyl Orange from Aqueous Solutions by Adsorption Using Corn Leaves as Adsorbent Material

Journal of Engineering ◽

10.31026/j.eng.2019.04.05 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 25 (4) ◽

pp. 55-69

Author(s):

Omar Hisham Fadhil ◽

Mohammed Y. Eisa

Keyword(s):

Methyl Orange ◽

Contact Time ◽

Freundlich Isotherm ◽

Order Kinetic ◽

Order Model ◽

Several Variables ◽

Adsorption Data ◽

Equilibrium Data ◽

Order Kinetic Model ◽

Pseudo Second Order

A comparative study was done on the adsorption of methyl orange dye (MO) using non-activated and activated corn leaves with hydrochloric acid as an adsorbent material. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and Fourier Transform Infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) were utilized to specify the properties of adsorbent material. The effect of several variables (pH, initial dye concentration, temperature, amount of adsorbent and contact time) on the removal efficiency was studied and the results indicated that the adsorption efficiency increases with the increase in the concentration of dye, adsorbent dosage and contact time, while inversely proportional to the increase in pH and temperature for both the treated and untreated corn leaves. The equilibrium data is best fitted to Freundlich isotherm for untreated adsorbent, while Langmuir isotherm show best agreement with the data when the treated adsorbent is used. The rate of adsorption was found to follow the pseudo first order kinetic model (PFO) when non-activated adsorbent is used, while the pseudo second order model (PSO) is fitted to the adsorption data using activated adsorbent.

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Natural Clay as a Low-Cost Adsorbent for Crystal Violet Dye Removal and Antimicrobial Activity

Nanomaterials ◽

10.3390/nano11112789 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (11) ◽

pp. 2789

Author(s):

Ali Q. Alorabi ◽

Mallick Shamshi Hassan ◽

Mohammad Mahboob Alam ◽

Sami A. Zabin ◽

Nawaf I. Alsenani ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Crystal Violet ◽

Chemical Interaction ◽

Low Cost ◽

Dye Adsorption ◽

Freundlich Isotherm ◽

Aqueous Environment ◽

Physico Chemical ◽

Equilibrium Data ◽

Pseudo Second Order ◽

Isotherm And Kinetic Models

This investigation aimed at evaluating the efficiency of micro and nanoclays as a low-cost material for the removal of crystal violet (CV) dye from an aqueous solution. The impacts of various factors (contact time, pH, adsorbent dosage, temperature, initial dye concentration) on the adsorption process have been taken into consideration. Six micro and nanoclay samples were obtained by treating clay materials collected from different locations in the Albaha region, Saudi Arabia. Out of the six tested micro and nanoclays materials, two (NCQ1 and NCQ3) were selected based on the highest adsorption efficiency for complete experimentation. The morphology and structure of the selected micro and nanoclay adsorbents were characterized by various techniques: SEM-EDX, FTIR, XRF, XRD, and ICP-MS. The XRF showed that the main oxides of both nanoclays were SiO2, Al2O3, Fe2O3, K2O, CaO, and MgO, and the rest were impurities. All the parameters affecting the adsorption of CV dye were optimized in a batch system, and the optimized working conditions were an equilibrium time of 120 min, a dose of 30 mg, a temperature of 25 °C, and an initial CV concentration of 400 mg/L. The equilibrium data were tested using nonlinear isotherm and kinetic models, which showed that the Freundlich isotherm and pseudo-second-order kinetics gave the best fit with the experimental data, indicating a physico-chemical interaction occurred between the CV dye and both selected micro and nanoclay surfaces. The maximum adsorption capacities of NCQ1 and NCQ3 adsorbents were 206.73 and 203.66 mg/g, respectively, at 25 °C. The thermodynamic factors revealed that the CV dye adsorption of both micro and nanoclays was spontaneous and showed an exothermic process. Therefore, the examined natural micro and nanoclays adsorbents are promising effective adsorbents for the elimination of CV dye from an aqueous environment.

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Sawdust for the Removal of Heavy Metals from Water: A Review

Molecules ◽

10.3390/molecules26144318 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 26 (14) ◽

pp. 4318

Author(s):

Elie Meez ◽

Abbas Rahdar ◽

George Z. Kyzas

Keyword(s):

Heavy Metals ◽

Adsorption Mechanism ◽

Freundlich Isotherm ◽

Order Kinetic ◽

Suitable Material ◽

Removal Of Heavy Metals ◽

Order Kinetic Model ◽

Pseudo Second Order ◽

And Control ◽

Environmental Agencies

The threat of the accumulation of heavy metals in wastewater is increasing, due to their abilities to inflict damage to human health, especially in the past decade. The world’s environmental agencies are trying to issue several regulations that allow the management and control of random disposals of heavy metals. Scientific studies have heavily focused on finding suitable materials and techniques for the purification of wastewaters, but most solutions have been rejected due to cost-related issues. Several potential materials for this objective have been found and have been compared to determine the most suitable material for the purification process. Sawdust, among all the materials investigated, shows high potential and very promising results. Sawdust has been shown to have a good structure suitable for water purification processes. Parameters affecting the adsorption mechanism of heavy metals into sawdust have been studied and it has been shown that pH, contact time and several other parameters could play a major role in improving the adsorption process. The adsorption was found to follow the Langmuir or Freundlich isotherm and a pseudo second-order kinetic model, meaning that the type of adsorption was a chemisorption. Sawdust has major advantages to be considered and is one of the most promising materials to solve the wastewater problem.

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Equilibrium and Kinetic Study of Anionic and Cationic Pollutants Remediation by Limestone–Chitosan–Alginate Nanocomposite from Aqueous Solution

Molecules ◽

10.3390/molecules26092586 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 26 (9) ◽

pp. 2586

Author(s):

Inas A. Ahmed ◽

Ahmed H. Ragab ◽

Mohamed A. Habila ◽

Taghrid S. Alomar ◽

Enas H. Aljuhani

Keyword(s):

Physical Adsorption ◽

Low Cost ◽

Freundlich Isotherm ◽

Entropy Change ◽

Sem Images ◽

Bet Analysis ◽

Adsorption Processes ◽

Equilibrium Data ◽

Pseudo Second Order ◽

Multilayer Formation

In this work, low-cost and readily available limestone was converted into nanolimestone chitosan and mixed with alginate powder and precipitate to form a triple nanocomposite, namely limestone—chitosan–alginate (NLS/Cs/Alg.), which was used as an adsorbent for the removal of brilliant green (BG) and Congo red (CR) dyes in aqueous solutions. The adsorption studies were conducted under varying parameters, including contact time, temperature, concentration, and pH. The NLS/Cs/Alg. was characterized by SEM, FTIR, BET, and TEM techniques. The SEM images revealed that the NLS/Cs/Alg. surface structure had interconnected pores, which could easily trap the pollutants. The BET analysis established the surface area to be 20.45 m2/g. The recorded maximum experimental adsorption capacities were 2250 and 2020 mg/g for CR and BG, respectively. The adsorption processes had a good fit to the kinetic pseudo second order, which suggests that the removal mechanism was controlled by physical adsorption. The CR and BG equilibrium data had a good fit for the Freundlich isotherm, suggesting that adsorption processes occurred on the heterogeneous surface with a multilayer formation on the NLS/Cs/Alg. at equilibrium. The enthalpy change (ΔH0) was 37.7 KJ mol−1 for CR and 8.71 KJ mol−1 for BG, while the entropy change (ΔS0) was 89.1 J K−1 mol−1 for CR and 79.1 J K−1 mol−1 BG, indicating that the adsorption process was endothermic and spontaneous in nature.

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Sythesis of Nano Zerovalent Iron Supported Sawdust (NZVI/SD) and Its Application for Removal of Arsenic (III) from Aqueous Solution

Chemical Science International Journal ◽

10.9734/csji/2020/v29i130152 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 1-12

Author(s):

Tasrina R. Choudhury ◽

Snahasish Bhowmik ◽

M. S. Rahman ◽

Mithun R. Nath ◽

F. N. Jahan ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Ph Value ◽

Ferrous Sulphate ◽

Freundlich Isotherm ◽

Second Order ◽

Zerovalent Iron ◽

Isotherm Model ◽

Order Kinetic ◽

Adsorption Sites ◽

Adsorption Data ◽

Pseudo Second Order

Sawdust supported nano-zerovalent (NZVI/SD) iron was synthesized by treating sawdust with ferrous sulphate followed by reduction with NaBH4. The NZVI/SD was characterized by SEM, XRD, FTIR and Chemical method. Adsorption of As (III) by NZVI/SD was investigated and the maximum uptake of As (III) was found at pH value of 7.74 and equilibrium time of 3 hrs. The adsorption isotherm modelling revealed that the equilibrium adsorption data were better fitted with the Langmuir isotherm model compared with the Freundlich Isotherm model. This study revealed that the maximum As (III) ions adsorption capacity was found to be 12.66 mg/g for using NZVI/SD adsorbent. However, the kinetics data were tested by pseudo-first-order and pseudo-second-order kinetic models; and it was observed that the adsorption data could be well fitted with pseudo-second-order kinetics for As (III) adsorption onto NZVI/SD depending on both adsorbate concentration and adsorption sites. The result of this study suggested that NZVI/SD could be developed as a prominent environment-friendly adsorbent for the removal of As (III) ions from aqueous systems.

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Utilization to Remove Pb (II) Ions from Aqueous Environments Using Waste Fish Bones by Ion Exchange

Journal of Chemistry ◽

10.1155/2014/739273 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 2014 ◽

pp. 1-12 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

Bayram Kizilkaya ◽

A. Adem Tekınay

Keyword(s):

Aqueous Solutions ◽

Adsorption Mechanism ◽

Cost Effective ◽

Isotherm Models ◽

Maximum Adsorption Capacity ◽

Fish Bones ◽

Adsorption Capacities ◽

Aqueous Environments ◽

Equilibrium Data ◽

Pseudo Second Order

Removal of lead (II) from aqueous solutions was studied by using pretreated fish bones as natural, cost-effective, waste sorbents. The effect of pH, contact time, temperature, and metal concentration on the adsorption capacities of the adsorbent was investigated. The maximum adsorption capacity for Pb (II) was found to be 323 mg/g at optimum conditions. The experiments showed that when pH increased, an increase in the adsorbed amount of metal of the fish bones was observed. The kinetic results of adsorption obeyed a pseudo second-order model. Freundlich and Langmuir isotherm models were applied to experimental equilibrium data of Pb (II) adsorption and the value ofRLfor Pb (II) was found to be 0.906. The thermodynamic parameters related to the adsorption process such asEa,ΔG°,ΔH°, andΔS° were calculated andEa,ΔH°, andΔS° were found to be 7.06, 46.01 kJ mol−1, and 0.141 kJ mol−1K−1for Pb (III), respectively.ΔH° values (46.01 kJmol−1) showed that the adsorption mechanism was endothermic. Weber-Morris and Urano-Tachikawa diffusion models were also applied to the experimental equilibrium data. The fish bones were effectively used as sorbent for the removal of Pb (II) ions from aqueous solutions.

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The Presence of Cu Facilitates Adsorption of Tetracycline (TC) onto Water Hyacinth Roots

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health ◽

10.3390/ijerph15091982 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 15 (9) ◽

pp. 1982 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Xin Lu ◽

Beibei Tang ◽

Qi Zhang ◽

Lizhu Liu ◽

Ruqin Fan ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Water Hyacinth ◽

Freundlich Isotherm ◽

Root Surface ◽

Interactive Effects ◽

Order Kinetic ◽

Batch Experiments ◽

Adsorption Data ◽

Order Kinetic Model ◽

Pseudo Second Order ◽

Ph Range

Batch experiments were conducted to investigate the adsorption characteristics of tetracycline (TC), and the interactive effects of copper (Cu) on the adsorption of TC onto water hyacinth roots. TC removal efficiency by water hyacinth roots was ranging from 58.9% to 84.6%, for virgin TC, 1:1 TC-Cu and 1:2 TC-Cu. The Freundlich isotherm model and the pseudo-second-order kinetic model fitted the adsorption data well. Thermodynamics parameters ΔG0 for TC were more negative in the TC plus Cu than the TC-only treatments, indicating the spontaneity of TC adsorption increased with increasing of Cu concentrations. An elevated temperature was associated with increasing adsorption of TC by water hyacinth roots. The additions of Cu(II) significantly increased TC adsorption onto water hyacinth roots within the pH range 4 to 6, because copper formed a strong metal bridge between root surface and TC molecule, facilitating the adsorption of TC by roots. However, Cu(II) hindered TC adsorption onto water hyacinth roots on the whole at pH range from 6–10, since the stronger electrostatic repulsion and formation of CuOH+ and Cu(OH)2. Therefore, the interaction between Cu(II) and TC under different environmental conditions should be taken into account to understand the environmental behavior, fate, and ecotoxicity of TC.

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