scholarly journals Oxidative Stress in the Pathogenesis of Colorectal Cancer: Cause or Consequence?

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martina Perše
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Physical Inactivity ◽  
Dietary Habits ◽  
Lifestyle Factors ◽  
Incidence Rates ◽  
Background Information ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Oxygen Species ◽  
Exogenous Factors

There is a growing support for the concept that reactive oxygen species, which are known to be implicated in a range of diseases, may be important progenitors in carcinogenesis, including colorectal cancer (CRC). CRC is one of the most common cancers worldwide, with the highest incidence rates in western countries. Sporadic human CRC may be attributable to various environmental and lifestyle factors, such as dietary habits, obesity, and physical inactivity. In the last decades, association between oxidative stress and CRC has been intensively studied. Recently, numerous genetic and lifestyle factors that can affect an individual's ability to respond to oxidative stress have been identified. The aim of this paper is to review evidence linking oxidative stress to CRC and to provide essential background information for accurate interpretation of future research on oxidative stress and CRC risk. Brief introduction of different endogenous and exogenous factors that may influence oxidative status and modulate the ability of gut epithelial cells to cope with damaging metabolic challenges is also provided.

scholarly journals Brown Algae Phlorotannins: A Marine Alternative to Break the Oxidative Stress, Inflammation and Cancer Network

Foods ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (7) ◽  
pp. 1478
Author(s):  
Marcelo D. Catarino ◽  
Sónia J. Amarante ◽  
Nuno Mateus ◽  
Artur M. S. Silva ◽  
Susana M. Cardoso
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Physical Inactivity ◽  
Dietary Habits ◽  
Vegetable Intake ◽  
Fruit And Vegetable Intake ◽  
Bioactive Properties ◽  
Ability To Act ◽  
Pharmaceutical Industries ◽  
Biochemical Mechanisms ◽  
Cancer Network

According to the WHO, cancer was responsible for an estimated 9.6 million deaths in 2018, making it the second global leading cause of death. The main risk factors that lead to the development of this disease include poor behavioral and dietary habits, such as tobacco use, alcohol use and lack of fruit and vegetable intake, or physical inactivity. In turn, it is well known that polyphenols are deeply implicated with the lower rates of cancer in populations that consume high levels of plant derived foods. In this field, phlorotannins have been under the spotlight in recent years since they have shown exceptional bioactive properties, with great interest for application in food and pharmaceutical industries. Among their multiple bioactive properties, phlorotannins have revealed the capacity to interfere with several biochemical mechanisms that regulate oxidative stress, inflammation and tumorigenesis, which are central aspects in the pathogenesis of cancer. This versatility and ability to act either directly or indirectly at different stages and mechanisms of cancer growth make these compounds highly appealing for the development of new therapeutical strategies to address this world scourge. The present manuscript revises relevant studies focusing the effects of phlorotannins to counteract the oxidative stress–inflammation network, emphasizing their potential for application in cancer prevention and/or treatment.

scholarly journals Oxidative Stress and Carbonyl Lesions in Ulcerative Colitis and Associated Colorectal Cancer

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhiqi Wang ◽  
Sai Li ◽  
Yu Cao ◽  
Xuefei Tian ◽  
Rong Zeng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Ulcerative Colitis ◽  
Carbonyl Compounds ◽  
Gene Mutations ◽  
Oxygen Species ◽  
Inflammatory Conditions ◽  
Dna Mutations ◽  
Pathogenic Factors ◽  
Protein Dysfunction

Oxidative stress has long been known as a pathogenic factor of ulcerative colitis (UC) and colitis-associated colorectal cancer (CAC), but the effects of secondary carbonyl lesions receive less emphasis. In inflammatory conditions, reactive oxygen species (ROS), such as superoxide anion free radical (O2∙-), hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), and hydroxyl radical (HO∙), are produced at high levels and accumulated to cause oxidative stress (OS). In oxidative status, accumulated ROS can cause protein dysfunction and DNA damage, leading to gene mutations and cell death. Accumulated ROS could also act as chemical messengers to activate signaling pathways, such as NF-κB and p38 MAPK, to affect cell proliferation, differentiation, and apoptosis. More importantly, electrophilic carbonyl compounds produced by lipid peroxidation may function as secondary pathogenic factors, causing further protein and membrane lesions. This may in turn exaggerate oxidative stress, forming a vicious cycle. Electrophilic carbonyls could also cause DNA mutations and breaks, driving malignant progression of UC. The secondary lesions caused by carbonyl compounds may be exceptionally important in the case of host carbonyl defensive system deficit, such as aldo-keto reductase 1B10 deficiency. This review article updates the current understanding of oxidative stress and carbonyl lesions in the development and progression of UC and CAC.

scholarly journals Protocatechuic Acid, a Simple Plant Secondary Metabolite, Induced Apoptosis by Promoting Oxidative Stress through HO-1 Downregulation and p21 Upregulation in Colon Cancer Cells

Biomolecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (10) ◽  
pp. 1485
Author(s):  
Rosaria Acquaviva ◽  
Barbara Tomasello ◽  
Claudia Di Giacomo ◽  
Rosa Santangelo ◽  
Alfonsina La Mantia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Reactive Oxygen Species ◽  
Colon Cancer ◽  
Cancer Cells ◽  
Protocatechuic Acid ◽  
Reactive Oxygen ◽  
Oxygen Species ◽  
Colon Cancer Cells ◽  
Glutamylcysteine Synthetase

Gastrointestinal cancers, particularly colorectal cancer, are mainly influenced by the dietary factor. A diet rich in fruits and vegetables can help to reduce the incidence of colorectal cancer thanks to the phenolic compounds, which possess antimutagenic and anticarcinogenic properties. Polyphenols, alongside their well-known antioxidant properties, also show a pro-oxidative potential, which makes it possible to sensitize tumor cells to oxidative stress. HO-1 combined with antioxidant activity, when overexpressed in cancer cells, is involved in tumor progression, and its inhibition is considered a feasible therapeutic strategy in cancer treatment. In this study, the effects of protocatechuic acid (PCA) on the viability of colon cancer cells (CaCo-2), annexin V, LDH release, reactive oxygen species levels, total thiol content, HO-1, γ-glutamylcysteine synthetase, and p21 expression were evaluated. PCA induced, in a dose-dependent manner, a significantly reduced cell viability of CaCo-2 by oxidative/antioxidant imbalance. The phenolic acid induced modifications in levels of HO-1, non-proteic thiol groups, γ-glutamylcysteine synthetase, reactive oxygen species, and p21. PCA induced a pro-oxidant effect in cancer cells, and the in vitro pro-apoptotic effect on CaCo-2 cells is mediated by the modulation of redox balance and the inhibition of the HO-1 system that led to the activation of p21. Our results suggest that PCA may represent a useful tool in prevention and/or therapy of colon cancer.

scholarly journals Oxidative Stress Level in Onco-Surgical Treatment Dynamics at Patients with Malignant Colo-Rectal Tumors

2020 ◽  
Vol 71 (5) ◽  
pp. 450-461
Author(s):  
Maria Iuliana Gruia ◽  
Serban Marinescu ◽  
Dragos Predescu ◽  
George Jinescu ◽  
Bogdan Socea ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Reactive Oxygen Species ◽  
Reactive Oxygen ◽  
Invasive Procedure ◽  
Surgical Excision ◽  
Oxygen Metabolism ◽  
Oxygen Species ◽  
Active Metabolites ◽  
Endogenous Antioxidant

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most common human malignancies, affecting one of 20 persons in areas with high socio-economic standard. In Romania, the frequency of colorectal cancer is growing rapidly placing the country among countries with an average incidence of the disease. There are some etiologic factors involved and treatment of disease is carried out after proper staging. Biochemical mechanisms underlying malignant transformation in colorectal cancer are not all fully understood, therefore our work trying to enter in the path of oxygen metabolism at patients surgically treated. The aim of the study is to follow the production of active metabolites of oxygen, in the dynamics of the surgical procedure, and how the endogenous natural protection systems are activated, following the invasive procedure. Oxidative stress biochemistry assays, realized before and after surgical excision showed a direct relationship between the production of reactive oxygen species and the presence of tumor, without being able to distinguish exactly if malignant tissue is able to induce oxidative stress, or the latter occurs due to neoplastic changes. Based on the results we can say with certainty that the reactive oxygen species ROS primary attack occurs in the lipids, and then the proteins, following activation of endogenous antioxidant defence.

scholarly journals Intake of Plant Based Foods and Colorectal Cancer. A Case-Control Study in Romania

2018 ◽  
Vol 75 (2) ◽  
pp. 163 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laura Ioana GAVRILAŞ ◽  
Corina IONESCU ◽  
Ovidiu BĂLĂCESCU ◽  
Daniela MURESAN ◽  
Cornelia REVNIC ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Dietary Habits ◽  
Vegetable Intake ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Whole Grains ◽  
Incidence Rates ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Food Groups ◽  
Control Study

Colorectal cancer (CRC) represents the third most common type of cancer worldwide with high incidence rates in our country as well. Both dietary habits and lifestyle factors have a strong contribution in preventing colorectal cancer. A healthy dietary pattern based on adequate intake of fruit, non-starchy vegetables, and whole grains is associated with positive outcomes regarding CRC development. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the dietary intake of plant-based food and food groups, along with lifestyle habits of CRC patients. A case-control study was conducted during April 2015 – October 2017. Patients (n=151) recently diagnosed with CRC and undergoing conventional treatment were recruited from Medisprof Oncology Hospital. Controls (n=151) were selected randomly from generally healthy adults. Dietary and lifestyle data were collected during a face to face interview and the applied lifestyle questionnaire included 74 items. The results showed that intake of specific food groups with high content of bioactive components was significantly higher in the control group compared to the CRC group (p<0.05), even though overall vegetable intake was similar between groups (p=0.51). Results also showed significant lower intakes of fiber-rich foods such as whole grains, nuts and legumes in the CRC group.

scholarly journals The Role of Oxidative Stress and Its Counteractive Utility in Colorectal Cancer (CRC)

Cancers ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (11) ◽  
pp. 3336
Author(s):  
Debasish Basak ◽  
Mohammad Nasir Uddin ◽  
Jake Hancock
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Drug Resistance ◽  
Dietary Habits ◽  
Biochemical Property ◽  
Redox Status ◽  
Redox Stress ◽  
Oncogenic Signaling ◽  
Redox Biology ◽  
Adaptation Response

An altered redox status accompanied by an elevated generation of reactive oxygen/nitrogen species (ROS/RNS) has been implicated in a number of diseases including colorectal cancer (CRC). CRC, being one of the most common cancers worldwide, has been reported to be associated with multiple environmental and lifestyle factors (e.g., dietary habits, obesity, and physical inactivity) and harboring heightened oxidative stress that results in genomic instability. Although under normal condition ROS regulate many signal transduction pathways including cell proliferation and survival, overwhelming of the antioxidant capacity due to metabolic abnormalities and oncogenic signaling leads to a redox adaptation response that imparts drug resistance. Nevertheless, excessive reliance on elevated production of ROS makes the tumor cells increasingly vulnerable to further ROS insults, and the abolition of such drug resistance through redox perturbation could be instrumental to preferentially eliminate them. The goal of this review is to demonstrate the evidence that links redox stress to the development of CRC and assimilate the most up-to-date information that would facilitate future investigation on CRC-associated redox biology. Concomitantly, we argue that the exploitation of this distinct biochemical property of CRC cells might offer a fresh avenue to effectively eradicate these cells.

scholarly journals Dicarbonyls linked to damage in the powerhouse: glycation of mitochondrial proteins and oxidative stress

2008 ◽  
Vol 36 (5) ◽  
pp. 1045-1050 ◽  
Author(s):  
Naila Rabbani ◽  
Paul J. Thornalley
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Reactive Oxygen Species ◽  
Life Extension ◽  
Mitochondrial Proteins ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Oxygen Species ◽  
Nematode Caenorhabditis Elegans ◽  
Mitochondrial Proteome ◽  
And Oxidative Stress ◽  
Preceding Event

Protection of mitochondrial proteins from glycation by endogenous dicarbonyl compounds, methylglyoxal and glyoxal, was found recently to prevent increased formation of reactive oxygen species and oxidative and nitrosative damage to the proteome during aging and produce life extension in the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans. This suggests that dicarbonyl glycation damage to the mitochondrial proteome may be a preceding event to mitochondrial dysfunction leading to oxidative stress. Future research will address the functional charges in mitochondrial proteins that are the targets for dicarbonyl glycation.

Socio-demographic and lifestyle factors associated with nutrition label use among Malaysian adults

2015 ◽  
Vol 117 (11) ◽  
pp. 2777-2787 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yong Kang Cheah ◽  
Foong Ming Moy ◽  
Debbie Ann Loh
Keyword(s):  
Dietary Habits ◽  
Food Selection ◽  
Lifestyle Factors ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Nutrition Label ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Nutrition Labels ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Label Use

Purpose – Nutrition labels bridge communication between food manufacturers and consumers and are instrumental in shaping food choices and dietary habits. Gaining insight into the factors associated with nutrition label use precedes evaluating the effectiveness of these labels. The purpose of this paper is to investigate the socio-demographic and lifestyle factors associated with nutrition label use among multi-ethnic Malaysian adults. Design/methodology/approach – Data from the Third National Health and Morbidity Survey (n=39,506) on nutrition label use was analysed. Logistic regression analyses were performed to examine the factors associated with reading nutrition labels, adjusted for confounders. Findings – The findings show that females, young adults aged between 18 and 30 years, Malays, tertiary educated, singles, employed individuals, physically active adults and non-smokers were significantly associated with increased odds of nutrition label use. Research limitations/implications – Causality could not be established due to the cross-sectional study design. The scope of the data collected limited investigations to the socio-demographic and lifestyle factors associated with nutrition label use. Future research measuring consumers’ attention, motivation and comprehension of nutrition label use and subsequent food selection should be conducted. Practical implications – Health promotion efforts targeted towards promoting the use of nutrition label among males, older adults aged between 31 and 40 years, ethnic minorities, primary educated, widowed/divorced individuals, unemployed, physically inactive and smokers are recommended. Originality/value – This nationwide study provides valuable insights into the socio-demographic and lifestyle factors significantly associated with nutrition label use among Malaysian adults.

scholarly journals Peroxiredoxins in Colorectal Cancer: Predictive Biomarkers of Radiation Response and Therapeutic Targets to Increase Radiation Sensitivity?

Antioxidants ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (10) ◽  
pp. 136 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jesse Fischer ◽  
Tim Eglinton ◽  
Frank Frizelle ◽  
Mark Hampton
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Rectal Cancer ◽  
Ionizing Radiation ◽  
Predictive Biomarkers ◽  
Western World ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Variable Response ◽  
Clinical Biomarkers

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most common cancer in the Western world, with one-third of cases located in the rectum. Preoperative radiotherapy is the standard of care for many patients with rectal cancer but has a highly variable response rate. The ability to predict response would be of great clinical utility. The response of cells to ionizing radiation is known to involve immediate damage to biomolecules and more sustained disruption of redox homeostasis leading to cell death. The peroxiredoxins are an important group of thiol-dependent antioxidants involved in protecting cells from oxidative stress and regulating signaling pathways involved in cellular responses to oxidative stress. All six human peroxiredoxins have shown increased expression in CRC and may be associated with clinicopathological features and tumor response to ionizing radiation. Peroxiredoxins can act as markers of oxidative stress in various biological systems but they have not been investigated in this capacity in CRC. As such, there is currently insufficient evidence to support the role of peroxiredoxins as clinical biomarkers, but it is an area worthy of investigation. Future research should focus on the in vivo response of rectal cancer to radiotherapy and the redox status of peroxiredoxins in rectal cancer cells, in order to predict response to radiotherapy. The peroxiredoxin system is also a potential therapeutic target for CRC.

scholarly journals Nutritional Importance of Carotenoids and Their Effect on Liver Health: A Review

Antioxidants ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (7) ◽  
pp. 229 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laura Inés Elvira-Torales ◽  
Javier García-Alonso ◽  
María Jesús Periago-Castón
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Lipid Metabolism ◽  
Fatty Liver Disease ◽  
Fruits And Vegetables ◽  
Dietary Habits ◽  
Oxygen Species ◽  
Alcoholic Fatty Liver ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Liver Health ◽  
Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease

The consumption of carotenoids has beneficial effects on health, reducing the risk of certain forms of cancer, cardiovascular diseases, and macular degeneration, among others. The mechanism of action of carotenoids has not been clearly identified; however, it has been associated with the antioxidant capacity of carotenoids, which acts against reactive oxygen species and inactivating free radicals, although it has also been shown that carotenoids modulate gene expression. Dietary carotenoids are absorbed and accumulated in the liver and other organs, where they exert their beneficial effects. In recent years, it has been described that the intake of carotenoids can significantly reduce the risk of suffering from liver diseases, such as non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). This disease is characterized by an imbalance in lipid metabolism producing the accumulation of fat in the hepatocyte, leading to lipoperoxidation, followed by oxidative stress and inflammation. In the first phases, the main treatment of NAFLD is to change the lifestyle, including dietary habits. In this sense, carotenoids have been shown to have a hepatoprotective effect due to their ability to reduce oxidative stress and regulate the lipid metabolism of hepatocytes by modulating certain genes. The objective of this review was to provide a description of the effects of dietary carotenoids from fruits and vegetables on liver health.

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