scholarly journals A scoping review of the Clinical Frailty Scale

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sophie Church ◽  
Emily Rogers ◽  
Kenneth Rockwood ◽  
Olga Theou
Keyword(s):  
Scoping Review ◽  
Literature Search ◽  
Research Evidence ◽  
Web Of Science ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Publication Date ◽  
Clinical Frailty Scale ◽  
And Function ◽  
Comprehensive Literature Search ◽  
Frailty Score

Abstract Background Frailty is increasingly recognized as an important construct which has health implications for older adults. The Clinical Frailty Scale (CFS) is a judgement-based frailty tool that evaluates specific domains including comorbidity, function, and cognition to generate a frailty score ranging from 1 (very fit) to 9 (terminally ill). The aim of this scoping review is to identify and document the nature and extent of research evidence related to the CFS. Methods We performed a comprehensive literature search to identify original studies that used the Clinical Frailty Scale. Medline OVID, Scopus, Web of Science, CINAHL, PsycINFO, Cochrane Library and Embase were searched from January 2005 to March 2017. Articles were screened by two independent reviewers. Data extracted included publication date, setting, demographics, purpose of CFS assessment, and outcomes associated with CFS score. Results Our search yielded 1688 articles of which 183 studies were included. Overall, 62% of studies were conducted after 2015 and 63% of the studies measured the CFS in hospitalized patients. The association of the CFS with an outcome was examined 526 times; CFS was predictive in 74% of the cases. Mortality was the most common outcome examined with CFS being predictive 87% of the time. CFS was associated with comorbidity 73% of the time, complications 100%, length of stay 75%, falls 71%, cognition 94%, and function 91%. The CFS was associated with other frailty scores 94% of the time. Conclusions This scoping review revealed that the CFS has been widely used in multiple settings. The association of CFS score with clinical outcomes highlights its utility in the care of the aging population.

scholarly journals Reporting of post-operative rehabilitation interventions for Total knee arthroplasty: a scoping review

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nora Bakaa ◽  
Lu Hsi Chen ◽  
Lisa Carlesso ◽  
Julie Richardson ◽  
Luciana Macedo
Keyword(s):  
Total Knee Arthroplasty ◽  
Knee Arthroplasty ◽  
Scoping Review ◽  
Literature Search ◽  
Exercise Adherence ◽  
Risk Of Bias ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Quality Of Reporting ◽  
Exercise Interventions ◽  
Total Knee

Abstract Objective The aim of this study was to evaluate the completeness of reporting of exercise adherence and exercise interventions delivered as part of clinical trials of post-operative total knee replacement (TKA) rehabilitation. Design: Scoping review Literature search A literature search was conducted in PubMed, EMBASE, AMED, CINAHL, SPORTDiscus and Cochrane Library. Study selection criteria All randomized controlled trials (RCT) that examined post-operative exercise-based interventions for total knee arthroplasty were eligible for inclusion. Studies that were multifactorial or contained exercise interventions for both hip and knee arthroplasty were also included. Data synthesis The definition, type of measurement used and outcome for exercise adherence were collected and analyzed descreptively. Quality of reporting of exercise interventions were assessed using the Consensus for Exercise Reporting Tool (CERT) and the Cochrane Risk of Bias Tool. Results There were a total of 112 RCTs included in this review. The majority of RCTs (63%, n = 71) did not report exercise adherence. Only 23% (n = 15) of studies provided a definition of adherence. RCTs were of poor quality, with 85% (n = 95) of studies having high or unclear risk of bias. Reporting of exercise interventions was poor, with only 4 items (of 19) (21%) of the CERT adequately reported (88–99%), with other items not fulfilled on at least 60% of the RCTs. There were no RCTs that had fulfilled all the criteria for the CERT. Conclusion The RCTs included in this study poorly reported exercise adherence, as well as description of the post-operative TKA rehabilitation intervention. Future RCTs should use valid and reliable measures of adherence and a proper tool for reporting of exercise interventions (e.g., CERT, TiDER). Pre-registration OSF:https://osf.io/9ku8a/

scholarly journals Trapped Between Two Pandemics: Domestic Violence Cases Under COVID-19 Pandemic Lockdown: A Scoping Review

2021 ◽  
pp. 0272684X2110221
Author(s):  
Endurance Uzobo ◽  
Aboluwaji D Ayinmoro
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Domestic Violence ◽  
Scoping Review ◽  
Literature Search ◽  
Web Of Science ◽  
Biomed Central ◽  
Inclusion Criteria ◽  
African Countries ◽  
The World ◽  
The Government

Background As it is common with the most devastating events in the world, women always seem to be at the most disadvantage position. This situation manifested during the period of COVID-19 lockdown throughout the world and Africa in particular. The purpose of this study is to explore Domestic Violence (DV) cases in African during the COVID-19 lockdown. Methods Data for this study were gleaned from an electronic literature search using various databases PubMed and BioMed Central, Web of Science, etc. Key search words were gender DV during and after COVID-19. A total of 68 records were identified during the search. However, only 46 of these sources met the inclusion criteria. Results From the review done in selected African countries which include Egypt, South Africa, Kenya, Nigeria, Ghana and Zimbabwe; it was discovered that COVID-19 lockdown across these countries worsens the already existing cases of DV. The study also noted that generally, the response of the government has been very poor in terms of dealing with DV cases in the period of COVID-19 lockdown. Conclusion The study concluded that despite the failures of government in tackling the DV pandemics, NGOs have been very active in championing the cause of those violated while also trying to provide succour to victims. Thus, the study recommended that countries in Africa need to join international initiatives in prioritising DV cases while trying to deal with the virus itself. Thus, one disease should not be traded for another.

scholarly journals Complicações renais decorrentes da infecção por SARS-CoV-2 em pessoas com COVID-19 hospitalizadas: scoping review

2022 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. e40811125217
Author(s):  
Anyele Albuquerque Lima ◽  
Alda Graciele Claudio dos Santo Almeida ◽  
Izabelly Carollynny Maciel Nunes ◽  
Patrícia de Albuquerque Sarmento ◽  
Wanda Tenório Barros Passos Alves
Keyword(s):  
Acute Kidney Injury ◽  
Scoping Review ◽  
Web Of Science ◽  
Kidney Diseases ◽  
Grey Literature ◽  
Kidney Injury ◽  
Glomerular Disease ◽  
Google Scholar ◽  
Cochrane Library

Objetivos: Identificar complicações/sequelas renais decorrentes da infecção por SARS-CoV-2 em pessoas com COVID-19; e descrever a característica de idade da população estudada. Metodologia: Scoping Review realizada nas bases de dados Web of Science, BVS, Cochrane Library, MEDLINE/PubMed, CINAHL, SCOPUS, Embase, LILACS. E nos sites online: ProQuest Dissertations and Theses, Grey Literature e Google Scholar. Os descritores utilizados foram (comorbidity OR sequel OR complications), (kidney diseases OR glomerular disease OR acute kidney injury OR nephropathy) AND (coronavirus OR SARS-CoV-2 OR COVID-19). Critérios de inclusão: artigos em português, inglês e espanhol, com abordagens metodológicas diversas, disponíveis na íntegra, online, publicados no período de 01 de janeiro de 2020 a 29 de setembro de 2021. E de exclusão: pessoas com diagnósticos prévios de patologias renais agudas e/ou crônicas; cartas ao editor; artigos de opinião; editoriais; e notas. Resultados: Selecionaram-se 10 artigos, que evidenciaram que o processo infeccioso causado pelo SARS-CoV-2 pode iniciar com uma leve proteinúria e hematúria, e evoluir para uma injúria renal aguda causada pela diminuição da capacidade de filtração glomerular, que favorece a retenção de algumas escórias nitrogenadas, causando o aumento dos níveis de creatinina e de ureia. Ademais, informaram que indivíduos entre 52-69 anos foram os mais acometidos. Considerações finais: As complicações/sequelas renais decorrentes da infecção por SARS-CoV-2 são: deposição de imunocomplexos nas células renais, proteinúria, hematúria, aumento da creatinina sérica, aumento da ureia nitrogenada no sangue, diminuição da TFG, e IRA estágio 1, 2 e 3. Tais complicações ocorreram principalmente em pessoas com idade ≥ 52 anos.

scholarly journals The Effect of Orthodontic Therapy on Periodontal Health: A Review of the Literature

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Samah Alfuriji ◽  
Nora Alhazmi ◽  
Nasir Alhamlan ◽  
Ali Al-Ehaideb ◽  
Moatazbellah Alruwaithi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
English Language ◽  
Literature Search ◽  
Reference Lists ◽  
Web Of Science ◽  
Root Resorption ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Review Of The Literature ◽  
Letters To The Editor ◽  
Periodontal Health ◽  
Orthodontic Therapy

Objectives.This review aims to evaluate the effect of orthodontic therapy on periodontal health.Data.Original articles that reported on the effect of orthodontic therapy on periodontal health were included. The reference lists of potentially relevant review articles were also sought.Sources.A literature search was conducted using the databases, Medline, EMBASE, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, Google Scholar, and Scopus databases for relevant studies. The search was carried out by using a combined text and the MeSH search strategies: using the key words in different combinations: “periodontal disease,” “orthodontics” and “root resorption.” This was supplemented by hand-searching in peer-reviewed journals and cross-referenced with the articles accessed. Articles published only in English language were included. Letters to the Editor, historical reviews and unpublished articles were not sought.Conclusions.Within the limitations of the present literature review, it was observed that there is a very close inter-relationship between the periodontal health and the outcome of orthodontic therapy.

Espiritualidade nos cuidados paliativos pediátricos: protocolo de scoping review

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (16) ◽  
pp. e444101623459
Author(s):  
Fabiana Helena da Conceição ◽  
Viviani Aparecida Fraga ◽  
Cristiane Aparecida Silveira Monteiro ◽  
Melissa Santos Nassif ◽  
Isabelle Cristinne Pinto Costa
Keyword(s):  
Scoping Review ◽  
Web Of Science ◽  
Google Scholar ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Scoping Reviews

Objetivo: Este estudo tem como objetivo descrever o protocolo e a metodologia usados para realizar uma revisão de escopo que irá mapear as evidências científicas sobre a espiritualidade no contexto dos cuidados paliativos pediátricos. Metodologia: Trata-se de uma revisão de escopo que será desenvolvida conforme as recomendações do Instituto Joanna Briggs (JBI). Para a redação do estudo, será utilizado o PRISMA Extension for Scoping Reviews (PRISMA-ScR). Uma pesquisa abrangente será realizada nas bases de dados Web of Science, Scopus, Cochrane Library, PubMed, CINAHL e EMBASE, além da busca de literatura cinzenta nas bases Google Scholar, ProQuest e OpenGrey, sem limitação quanto ao ano de publicação e idioma. Além disso, será realizada busca adicional de artigos por meio da leitura das referências dos estudos incluídos na revisão. Serão incluídos estudos primários e secundários que abordem a espiritualidade no contexto dos cuidados paliativos pediátricos, independentemente do tipo de delineamento. Serão excluídos documentos do tipo cartas, comentários, editoriais e artigos de opinião. A seleção dos estudos por meio da leitura dos títulos, resumos e texto completo será conduzida por dois revisores independentes. A extração de dados será realizada por meio de formulário construído pelos autores com base nas recomendações do JBI. Os dados serão organizados, resumidos e analisados quanto à extensão, natureza, distribuição e padrões recorrentes e os resultados serão comunicados narrativamente e por meio de mapas de rede. Considerações finais: Espera-se que os resultados provenientes da realização desta revisão de escopo possam contribuir para o fortalecimento da utilização do cuidado espiritual às crianças sob os cuidados paliativos, com o escopo de promover uma melhor qualidade de vida para ela e seus familiares. Adicionalmente, pretende-se por meio dessa pesquisa estimular os profissionais de saúde a atender essa dimensão durante o cuidado à crianças sob os cuidados paliativos, com vistas a proporcionar um cuidado humanizado e uma assistência espiritual de qualidade que possam ajudá-los na busca de um significado para a vida, no alívio de dores e que facilitem a lidar com a angústia e o medo que permeiam esse processo.

scholarly journals Tokophobia in Fathers: A Narrative Review

2021 ◽  
Vol In Press (In Press) ◽  
Author(s):  
Maryam Masoumi ◽  
Forouzan Elyasi
Keyword(s):  
Literature Search ◽  
Web Of Science ◽  
Scientific Information ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Health Providers ◽  
Fear Of Childbirth ◽  
Related Factors ◽  
Intense Fear ◽  
Information Database ◽  
Comprehensive Literature Search

Context: Tokophobia is an intense fear of childbirth that may result in considerable outcomes. This phenomenon may also be observed in fathers. However, studies are infrequent on tokophobia frequency and its related factors in fathers. Therefore, this study aimed to address tokophobia in fathers. Evidence Acquisition: A comprehensive literature search was performed in databanks such as Ovid and Google Scholar, as well as electronic databases including PubMed, ProQuest, Web of Science, Science Direct, Magiran, Scientific Information Database (SID), and Barakat (IranMedex), without time limit. Articles were published between 1988 and 2020. Results: Initially, 150 studies were recruited, and finally, 55 of them remained for the final appraisal after omitting unrelated studies. The findings from related studies were organized as the epidemiology of tokophobia in men, biopsychosocial etiology, clinical signs, diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis of tokophobia in men. Considering the tendency of fathers to hide tokophobia, providing suitable knowledge and support from health providers can probably retain the trust in this population and help them cope with tokophobia. Conclusions: During pregnancy, fathers may suffer from fear of childbirth that can impact their health and abilities. Thus, during counseling and prenatal care, the providers should pay attention to fathers.

scholarly journals Personal identification with artificial intelligence under COVID-19 crisis: a scoping review

2022 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Shinpei Matsuda ◽  
Hitoshi Yoshimura
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
Scoping Review ◽  
Literature Search ◽  
Personal Identification ◽  
Flow Diagram ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Identification Methods ◽  
Institutional Infrastructure ◽  
The Face ◽  
Critical Consideration

Abstract Background Artificial intelligence is useful for building objective and rapid personal identification systems. It is important to research and develop personal identification methods as social and institutional infrastructure. A critical consideration during the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic is that there is no contact between the subjects and personal identification systems. The aim of this study was to organize the recent 5-year development of contactless personal identification methods that use artificial intelligence. Methods This study used a scoping review approach to map the progression of contactless personal identification systems using artificial intelligence over the past 5 years. An electronic systematic literature search was conducted using the PubMed, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, CINAHL, and IEEE Xplore databases. Studies published between January 2016 and December 2020 were included in the study. Results By performing an electronic literature search, 83 articles were extracted. Based on the PRISMA flow diagram, 8 eligible articles were included in this study. These eligible articles were divided based on the analysis targets as follows: (1) face and/or body, (2) eye, and (3) forearm and/or hand. Artificial intelligence, including convolutional neural networks, contributed to the progress of research on contactless personal identification methods. Conclusions This study clarified that contactless personal identification methods using artificial intelligence have progressed and that they have used information obtained from the face and/or body, eyes, and forearm and/or hand.

scholarly journals Non-invasive methods for the assessment of biomarkers and their correlation with radiographic maturity indicators — a scoping review

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Veena GV ◽  
Tulika Tripathi
Keyword(s):  
Scoping Review ◽  
Literature Search ◽  
Skeletal Maturity ◽  
Skeletal Maturation ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Subjective Perception ◽  
Cochrane Central Register ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Pubertal Growth ◽  
Significant Difference

Abstract Background Detection of skeletal maturity is vital in orthodontic treatment timing and planning. Traditional methods include hand-wrist radiography and cervical vertebral maturation index (CVMI). Though the radiographic methods are well established and routinely used to assess skeletal maturation, they carry the drawback of subjective perception and low reproducibility. With evolving concepts, skeletal maturation has been assessed quantitatively through biomarkers obtained from saliva, gingival crevicular fluid (GCF), and urine. The scoping review aims to explore the various biomarkers assessed through non-invasive methods and their correlation with radiographic skeletal maturity. Methodology The literature search was carried out on MEDLINE via Pubmed, Cochrane Library (Cochrane database of systematic reviews), Cochrane central register of controlled trials (CENTRAL), Google Scholar, Semantic Scholar, ScienceDirect, and Opengrey.eu for articles up to and including November 2020. Pertinent articles were selected based on inclusion and exclusion criteria. The results were tabulated based on the type of sample collected, the biomarker assessed, method of sample collection, and the radiographic method used. Results The literature search resulted in 12 relevant articles. Among all the studies, 10 studies showed that the concentration of biomarkers increases during the pubertal growth peak. On the contrary, 2 articles showed no significant difference between the levels of biomarkers and pubertal growth peak. Conclusion It can be concluded that the level of biomarkers increases during the pubertal growth spurt and can provide a quantitative way of assessing skeletal maturity.

scholarly journals Genetic associations between CYP24A1 polymorphisms and predisposition of cancer: A meta-analysis

2020 ◽  
Vol 35 (4) ◽  
pp. 71-79
Author(s):  
Guoqiang Zhang ◽  
Maohe Jin
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Prostate Cancer ◽  
Literature Search ◽  
Web Of Science ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Genetic Associations ◽  
Asian Ethnicity ◽  
Cancer Breast ◽  
Comprehensive Literature Search

Background: CYP24A1 polymorphisms may affect predisposition of cancer, but the results of published studies remain inconclusive. Therefore, the authors conducted this meta-analysis to more robustly assess relationships between CYP24A1 polymorphisms and the predisposition of cancer by pooling the findings of published studies. Materials and methods: A comprehensive literature search of PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, Wanfang, and CNKI was endorsed by the authors to identify eligible studies; 17 studies were finally found to be eligible for pooled meta-analysis. Results: The pooled meta-analysis results showed that genotypic frequencies of the rs4809960 polymorphism among cancerous patients and controls of Caucasian ethnicity differed significantly, and genotypic frequencies of the rs6022999 polymorphism among cancerous patients and controls of Asian ethnicity also differed significantly. Moreover, we found that genotypic frequencies of the rs2585428 polymorphism among patients with prostate cancer and controls differed significantly, and genotypic frequencies of the rs6068816 polymorphism among patients with prostate cancer/breast cancer and controls also differed significantly. Conclusions: This meta-analysis suggests that the rs4809960 polymorphism may affect the predisposition of cancer in Caucasians, and the rs6022999 polymorphism may affect the predisposition of cancer in Asians. Moreover, the rs2585428 polymorphism may affect the predisposition of prostate cancer, while the rs6068816 polymorphism may affect the predisposition of prostate cancer and breast cancer.

Combined Effects of tDCS and Language/Cognitive Intervention on the Naming of Dementia Patients: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Haewon BYEON
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Training ◽  
Literature Search ◽  
Web Of Science ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Cognitive Intervention ◽  
Scientific Basis ◽  
The Other ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Combined Effects ◽  
Dementia Patients

Background: The evidence of transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) treatment effects on dementia is still insufficient. This study aimed to prove the scientific basis of tDCS by conducting a meta-analysis of previous studies that examined the effects of tDCS on the naming of patients with dementia. Methods: The literature search was conducted for publications published from Jan 2000 to Jun 2019 using four academic databases (PubMed, Web of Science, MEDLINE, and Cochrane Library). This study found 129 publications by searching academic databases according to the PRISMA protocol. Among them, irrelevant studies were excluded, and finally, 4 studies were meta-analyzed. Results: The score of the quality assessment on five studies ranged from 21 to 26 points, rated good or better. Meta-analysis results, tDCS had no significant effect on the improvement of naming ability of dementia. On the other hand, the effect size of the tDCS intervention + language/cognitive training was significant ‘large effect (SMD=0.72, 95% CI: 0.05, 1.39)’. Conclusion: This combination of tDCS and language/cognitive training significantly improved the naming ability of dementia patients.

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