scholarly journals Enhancement of Antioxidant Mechanisms and Reduction of Oxidative Stress in Chickens after the Administration of Drinking Water Enriched with Polyphenolic Powder from Olive Mill Waste Waters

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aliki Papadopoulou ◽  
Konstantinos Petrotos ◽  
Dimitrios Stagos ◽  
Konstantinos Gerasopoulos ◽  
Antonios Maimaris ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Drinking Water ◽  
Catalase Activity ◽  
Thiobarbituric Acid ◽  
Protein Carbonyls ◽  
Oxidative Stress Biomarkers ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B ◽  
Antioxidant Mechanisms ◽  
Olive Mill

The aim of the study was to examine the effects of a polyphenolic powder from olive mill wastewater (OMWW) administered through drinking water, on chickens’ redox status. Thus, 75 chickens were divided into three groups. Group A was given just drinking water, while groups B and C were given drinking water containing 20 and 50 μg/ml of polyphenols, respectively, for 45 days. The antioxidant effects of the polyphenolic powder were assessed by measuring oxidative stress biomarkers in blood after 25 and 45 days of treatment. These markers were total antioxidant capacity (TAC), protein carbonyls (CARB), thiobarbituric acid reactive species (TBARS) and superoxide dismutase activity (SOD) in plasma, and glutathione (GSH) and catalase activity in erythrocytes. The results showed that CARB and TBARS were decreased significantly in groups B and C, and SOD decreased in group B compared to that in group A. TAC was increased significantly in group C and GSH was increased in group B, while catalase activity was increased in groups B and C compared to that in group A. In conclusion, this is the first study showing that supplementation of chickens with polyphenols from OMWW through drinking water enhanced their antioxidant mechanisms and reduced oxidative stress-induced damage.

Oxidative stress and changes in adenosine deaminase activity of cattle experimentally infected by Fasciola hepatica

Parasitology ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 144 (4) ◽  
pp. 520-526 ◽  
Author(s):  
ALEKSANDRO S. DA SILVA ◽  
MATHEUS D. BALDISSERA ◽  
NATHIELI B. BOTTARI ◽  
MATHEUS E. GABRIEL ◽  
LEANDRO A. RHODEN ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Adenosine Deaminase ◽  
Liver Tissue ◽  
Fasciola Hepatica ◽  
Thiobarbituric Acid ◽  
Oxygen Species ◽  
Thiobarbituric Acid Reactive Substances ◽  
Adenosine Deaminase Activity ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B

SUMMARYThe aim of this study was to evaluate the oxidative stress in serum and liver and adenosine deaminase (ADA) activity of cattle experimentally infected by Fasciola hepatica. The group A consisted of five healthy animals (uninfected), and the group B was composed of five animals orally infected with 200 metacercariae of F. hepatica. On days 20, 40, 60 and 80 post-infection (PI) serum was collected to measure oxidative stress variables. On day 100 PI, animals were humanely euthanized and liver samples were collected. Infected animals showed lower (P < 0·05) seric ADA activities on days 40 and 60 PI but higher (P < 0·05) in the liver tissue compared with uninfected animals. Seric and hepatic reactive oxygen species (ROS) were higher (P < 0·05) in infected compared with uninfected animals. Hepatic thiobarbituric acid reactive substances were higher (P < 0·05) in infected animals. Catalase and glutathione S-transferase activities were lower in liver tissue of infected animals, while glutathione peroxidase was higher compared with uninfected (P < 0·05). In summary, we conclude that oxidative stress occurs in cattle experimentally infected by F. hepatica, mainly due to excessive ROS production in the course of fasciolosis, contributing to hepatic damage, and that increased in hepatic ADA activity may contribute to the inflammatory process.

scholarly journals Antioxidant Effects of Sheep Whey Protein on Endothelial Cells

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Efthalia Kerasioti ◽  
Dimitrios Stagos ◽  
Vasiliki Georgatzi ◽  
Erinda Bregou ◽  
Alexandros Priftis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Endothelial Cells ◽  
Whey Protein ◽  
Thiobarbituric Acid ◽  
Protein Carbonyls ◽  
Protective Effects ◽  
Oxidative Stress Biomarkers ◽  
Stress Biomarkers ◽  
Tert Butyl Hydroperoxide ◽  
First Time

Excessive production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) may cause endothelial dysfunction and consequently vascular disease. In the present study, the possible protective effects of sheep whey protein (SWP) from tert-butyl hydroperoxide- (tBHP-) induced oxidative stress in endothelial cells (EA.hy926) were assessed using oxidative stress biomarkers. These oxidative stress biomarkers were glutathione (GSH) and ROS levels determined by flow cytometry. Moreover, thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances (TBARS), protein carbonyls (CARB), and oxidized glutathione (GSSG) were determined spectrophotometrically. The results showed that SWP at 0.78, 1.56, 3.12, and 6.24 mg of protein mL−1increased GSH up to 141%, while it decreased GSSG to 46.7%, ROS to 58.5%, TBARS to 52.5%, and CARB to 49.0%. In conclusion, the present study demonstrated for the first time that SWP protected endothelial cells from oxidative stress. Thus, SWP may be used for developing food supplements or biofunctional foods to attenuate vascular disturbances associated with oxidative stress.

scholarly journals Oxidative Stress Markers and Their Dynamic Changes in Patients after Acute Ischemic Stroke

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ingrid Žitňanová ◽  
Pavol Šiarnik ◽  
Branislav Kollár ◽  
Mária Chomová ◽  
Petra Pazderová ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Ischemic Stroke ◽  
Acute Ischemic Stroke ◽  
Protein Carbonyls ◽  
Oxidative Stress Biomarkers ◽  
Dynamic Changes ◽  
Free Radical Damage ◽  
Group A ◽  
Experimental Group

We have focused on determining the range of oxidative stress biomarkers and their dynamic changes in patients at different time points after the acute ischemic stroke (AIS). 82 patients with AIS were involved in our study and were tested: within 24 h from the onset of the attack (group A); at 7-day follow-up (group B); and at 3-month follow-up (group C). 81 gender and age matched volunteers were used as controls. Stroke patients in group A had significantly higher concentrations of plasma lipid peroxides and urine 8-isoprostanes when compared with controls. Protein carbonyls were not significantly different in any experimental group compared to controls. Antioxidant capacity of plasma was increased only in experimental group C. Activities of superoxide dismutase and catalase were elevated in all three experimental AIS groups compared to controls. Paraoxonase activity was reduced in groups A and B and unchanged in group C when compared to controls. Glutathione peroxide activity was elevated only in group A. Our results suggest that free radical damage is the highest within 24 h after the attack. During the next 3 months oxidative damage to lipids caused by free radicals is reduced due to activated antioxidant system.

Glycine and L-Arginine supplementation ameliorates gastro-duodenal toxicity in a rat model of NSAID (Diclofenac)-gastroenteropathy via inhibition of oxidative stress

2021 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Akinleye Stephen Akinrinde ◽  
Halimot Olawalarami Hameed
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Total Protein ◽  
Therapeutic Index ◽  
Control Treatment ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Protective Effects ◽  
Serum Total Protein ◽  
Significant Amelioration ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B

Abstract Objectives This study examined the possible protective roles of exogenous glycine (Gly) and L-Arginine (l-Arg) against Diclofenac (DIC)-induced gastro-duodenal damage in rats. Methods Rats were divided into Group A (control), Group B (DIC group) and Groups C–F which were pre-treated for five days with Gly1 (250 mg/kg), Gly2 (500 mg/kg), l-Arg1 (200 mg/kg) and l-Arg2 (400 mg/kg), respectively, before co-treatment with DIC for another three days. Hematological, biochemical and histopathological analyses were then carried out. Results DIC produced significant (p<0.05) reduction in PCV (13.82%), Hb (46.58%), RBC (30.53%), serum total protein (32.72%), albumin (28.44%) and globulin (38.01%) along with significant (p<0.05) elevation of serum MPO activity (83.30%), when compared with control. In addition, DIC increased gastric H2O2 and MDA levels by 33.93 and 48.59%, respectively, while the duodenal levels of the same parameters increased by 19.43 and 85.56%, respectively. Moreover, SOD, GPx and GST activities in the DIC group were significantly (p<0.05) reduced in the stomach (21.12, 24.35 and 51.28%, respectively) and duodenum (30.59, 16.35 and 37.90%, respectively), compared to control. Treatment with Gly and l-Arg resulted in significant amelioration of the DIC-induced alterations although l-Arg produced better amelioration of RBC (29.78%), total protein (10.12%), albumin (9.93%) and MPO (65.01%), compared to the DIC group. The protective effects of both amino acids against oxidative stress parameters and histological lesions were largely similar. Conclusions The data from this study suggest that Gly or l-Arg prevented DIC-induced gastro-duodenal toxicity and might, therefore be useful in improving the therapeutic index of DIC.

Acute Hypoxia and Exercise-Induced Blood Oxidative Stress

2014 ◽  
Vol 24 (6) ◽  
pp. 684-693 ◽  
Author(s):  
Graham McGinnis ◽  
Brian Kliszczewiscz ◽  
Matthew Barberio ◽  
Christopher Ballmann ◽  
Bridget Peters ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Steady State ◽  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Acute Hypoxia ◽  
Protein Carbonyls ◽  
Trolox Equivalent Antioxidant Capacity ◽  
Lipid Hydroperoxides ◽  
Oxidative Stress Biomarkers ◽  
Post Exercise ◽  
Reducing Ability

Hypoxic exercise is characterized by workloads decrements. Because exercise and high altitude independently elicit redox perturbations, the study purpose was to examine hypoxic and normoxic steady-state exercise on blood oxidative stress. Active males (n = 11) completed graded cycle ergometry in normoxic (975 m) and hypoxic (3,000 m) simulated environments before programing subsequent matched intensity or workload steady-state trials. In a randomized counterbalanced crossover design, participants completed three 60-min exercise bouts to investigate the effects of hypoxia and exercise intensity on blood oxidative stress. Exercise conditions were paired as such; 60% normoxic VO2peak performed in a normoxic environment (normoxic intensity-normoxic environment, NI-NE), 60% hypoxic VO2peak performed in a normoxic environment (HI-NE), and 60% hypoxic VO2peak performed in a hypoxic environment (HI-HE). Blood plasma samples drawn pre (Pre), 0 (Post), 2 (2HR) and 4 (4HR) hr post exercise were analyzed for oxidative stress biomarkers including ferric reducing ability of plasma (FRAP), trolox equivalent antioxidant capacity (TEAC), lipid hydroperoxides (LOOH) and protein carbonyls (PCs). Repeated-measures ANOVA were performed, a priori significance of p ≤ .05. Oxygen saturation during the HI-HE trial was lower than NI-NE and HI-NE (p < .05). A Time × Trial interaction was present for LOOH (p = .013). In the HI-HE trial, LOOH were elevated for all time points post while PC (time; p = .001) decreased post exercise. As evidenced by the decrease in absolute workload during hypoxic VO2peak and LOOH increased during HI-HE versus normoxic exercise of equal absolute (HI-NE) and relative (NI-NE) intensities. Results suggest acute hypoxia elicits work decrements associated with post exercise oxidative stress.

scholarly journals Potential Role of Red Palm Oil Supplemented Diet on Oxidative Stress Enzymes in Plasmodium Berghei Induced Malaria

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Temitope Daniel Adeleke ◽  
Olawale Abiodun Adejumobi ◽  
Franklin Folasele Akinola ◽  
Oluwatosin Abidemi Salau ◽  
Oyeronke Suebat Uthman-Izobo
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Dietary Intake ◽  
Palm Oil ◽  
Plasmodium Berghei ◽  
Malaria Parasite ◽  
Red Palm Oil ◽  
Oxidative Stress Enzymes ◽  
Stress Enzymes ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B

AbstractBackgroundMalaria parasites are very vulnerable to oxidative stress during the part of their life cycle when they inhabit the erythrocytes. Studies have shown that dietary intake of antioxidant plays a role in stabilizing oxidative stress.MethodsThe objective of this research work was to examine the antioxidative effect of red palm oil on Plasmodium berghei malaria induced oxidative stress. Sixty (60) mice were distributed into five groups. Group A served as the negative control (healthy mice with normal feed); group B as positive control (healthy mice fed with red palm oil without malaria parasite.while the other groups (C to E) served as the test groups. Group C served as group of healthy mice fed with red palm oil (pelletized), infected with malaria parasite without antimalaria drug. Group D served as group of healthy mice fed with red palm oil (pelletized), infected with malaria parasite and treated with amodiaquine. Group E served as group of healthy mice fed with normal feed, infected with malaria parasite and treated with amodiaquine. The parasitemia levels were estimated on days 1,4 and 5. The activity of oxidative stress enzymes biomarkers were determined spectrophotometrically.ResultGroup A showed a statistically significant increase in the activity of SOD (1.90 ± 0.16 units/mg protein), GST (1.68 ± 0.086 units/L) compared to group C, SOD (3.54 ± 0.83 units/mg protein), GST (2.12 ± 0.20 units/L). Group B showed a statistical significant decrease in the activities of SOD (3.22 ± 0.33 units/mg protein), Catalase (49.11 ± 2.35 µmol/min), GSH-R (31.50 ± 2.48 units/L) compared to group E, SOD (2.18 ± 0.39 units/mg protein), Catalase (44.07 ± 3.88 µmol/min), GSH-R (27.75 ± 1.64 units/L).ConclusionThe dietary intake of red palm oil helps to reduce free radical mediated injury to the tissue thus preventing oxidative stress induced by malaria or any other factors.

scholarly journals Oxidative Stress Levels in Orthodontic Patients and Efficacy of Antioxidant Supplements in Combating Its Effects- A Randomized Clinical Study

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 29-34
Author(s):  
Sheetal Yamyar ◽  
Suchita Daokar
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Free Radicals ◽  
Orthodontic Appliances ◽  
Randomized Clinical Study ◽  
Gingival Health ◽  
Orthodontic Patients ◽  
Group A ◽  
Antioxidant Supplements ◽  
Group B

Introduction: Orthodontic appliances are considered to be biocompatible although adverse effects attributed to release of nickel ion which are free radicals in oral cavity. These free radical produce damages both in cellular and extracellular components phospholipid membrane, proteins, mitochondrial and nuclear DNA leading to Oxidative stress which is normally counter balanced by the action antioxidant mechanisms. However in higher concentrations of free radicals resulting in cellular death and apoptosis Orthodontic appliances such as brackets, wire, resins has considered as potential allergen leading to release of free radicals. The study was conducted to determine and compare the role of oxidative stress and role of antioxidants in saliva of patients undergoing fixed orthodontic appliances therapy at different time intervals. Materials & Method: A double-blinded, parallel, randomized clinical study was designed consisting of 40 healthy participants, aged 15-30yrs. The samples were divided into two groups Group A without antioxidants supplements and Group B with antioxidants supplements. Salivary MDA levels and gingival health index was recorded at different time intervals from each group. Salivary Lipid peroxidation (Malondialdehyde) level was estimated using Thiobarbituric acid (TBA) method and gingival status was investigated using Silness & Loe gingival index. Intragroup and intergroup comparison was statistically analyzed using student’s paired T test. Result: Increased salivary MDA levels and mild to moderate amount of gingivitis is seen in both groups. This is more pronounced after 24 hours of appliance placement. Improvement in salivary MDA levels and gingival health status is observed during the course of treatment, In Group B the salivary MDA levels and gingival health index score reached below their pretreatment values. However even after a span of 3 months the levels remained higher to their base values in Group A. Conclusion: Improvement in salivary MDA levels and gingival health status is observed following antioxidant therapy during course of treatment, indicating combating nature of antioxidant supplements in orthodontic patients.

scholarly journals Buprenorphine and Methadone as Opioid Maintenance Treatments for Heroin-Addicted Patients Induce Oxidative Stress in Blood

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christonikos Leventelis ◽  
Nikolaos Goutzourelas ◽  
Aikaterini Kortsinidou ◽  
Ypatios Spanidis ◽  
Georgia Toulia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Thiobarbituric Acid ◽  
Redox Status ◽  
Protein Carbonyls ◽  
Healthy Individuals ◽  
Thiobarbituric Acid Reactive Substances ◽  
Antioxidant Defence ◽  
Total Antioxidant ◽  
Beneficial Action ◽  
The Impact

Buprenorphine and methadone are two substances widely used in the substitution treatment of patients who are addicted to opioids. Although it is known that they partly act efficiently towards this direction, there is no evidence regarding their effects on the redox status of patients, a mechanism that could potentially improve their action. Therefore, the aim of the present investigation was to examine the impact of buprenorphine and methadone, which are administered as substitutes to heroin-dependent patients on specific redox biomarkers in the blood. From the results obtained, both the buprenorphine (n=21) and the methadone (n=21) groups exhibited oxidative stress and compromised antioxidant defence. This was evident by the decreased glutathione (GSH) concentration and catalase activity in erythrocytes and the increased concentrations of thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) and protein carbonyls in the plasma, while there was no significant alteration of plasma total antioxidant capacity (TAC) compared to the healthy individuals (n=29). Furthermore, methadone revealed more severe oxidant action compared to buprenorphine. Based on relevant studies, the tested substitutes mitigate the detrimental effects of heroin on patient redox status; still it appears that they need to be boosted. Therefore, concomitant antioxidant administration could potentially enhance their beneficial action, and most probably, buprenorphine that did not induce oxidative stress in such a severe mode as methadone, on the regulation of blood redox status.

scholarly journals Glutathione Metabolism, Mitochondria Activity, and Nitrosative Stress in Patients Treated for Mandible Fractures

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 127 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jan Borys ◽  
Mateusz Maciejczyk ◽  
Bożena Antonowicz ◽  
Adam Krętowski ◽  
Jarosław Sidun ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nitrosative Stress ◽  
Titanium Implants ◽  
Protein Carbonyls ◽  
Glutathione Metabolism ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Mitochondrial Activity ◽  
Study Group ◽  
Oxidative Stress Biomarkers ◽  
Mandible Fractures ◽  
Antioxidant Mechanisms

The aim of the study was to evaluate the effect of titanium bone fixations on mitochondrial activity, reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, glutathione metabolism, and selected markers of oxidative/nitrosative stress in the periosteum-like tissue of patients treated with mandible fractures. The study group consisted of 30 patients with bilateral fractures of the mandible body eligible for surgical treatment. Our study is the first one that indicates disturbances of mitochondrial activity as well as a higher production of ROS in the periosteum-like tissue covering titanium fixations of the mandible. We also found significantly higher levels of reduced glutathione and enhanced activity of glutathione reductase in the periosteum homogenates of patients in the study group compared to the control group. Levels of nitrosative (S-nitrosothiols, peroxynitrite, nitrotyrosine) and oxidative stress biomarkers (malondialdehyde, protein carbonyls, dityrosine, kynurenine, and N-formylkynurenine) were statistically elevated in periosteum-like tissue covering titanium fixations. Although exposure to titanium fixations induces local antioxidant mechanisms, patients suffer oxidative damage, and in the periosteum-like tissue the phenomenon of metallosis was observed. Titanium implants cause oxidative/nitrosative stress as well as disturbances in mitochondrial activity.

scholarly journals Effect of Different Stages of Chronic Kidney Disease and Renal Replacement Therapies on Oxidant-Antioxidant Balance in Uremic Patients

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hadja Fatima Tbahriti ◽  
Abbou Kaddous ◽  
Malika Bouchenak ◽  
Khedidja Mekki
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Chronic Kidney Disease ◽  
Antioxidant Enzymes ◽  
Vitamin E ◽  
Kidney Disease ◽  
Thiobarbituric Acid ◽  
Study Groups ◽  
Cardiovascular Complications ◽  
Protein Carbonyls ◽  
Severe Stage

Oxidative stress seems to be involved in the path physiology of cardiovascular complications of chronic kidney disease (CKD). In this study, we determined the effect of different stages of CKD and substitutive therapies on oxidative stress. One hundred sixty-seven patients (age:44±06years; male/female: 76/91) with CKD were divided into 6 groups according to the National Kidney Foundation classification. Prooxidant status was assessed by assaying thiobarbituric acid reactive substances, hydroperoxides, and protein carbonyls. Antioxidant defence was performed by analysis of superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione peroxidase, glutathione reductase, vitamin E, Iron, and bilirubin. TBARS and LPO were higher in HD patients compared to other groups (P<0.001), while protein carbonyls were more increased in PD patients. The antioxidant enzymes were declined already at severe stage of CKD and they were declined notably in HD patients (P<0.001). Similar observation was found for vitamin E, Fe, and bilirubin where we observed a significant decrease in the majority of study groups, especially in HD patients (P<0.001). The evolution of CKD was associated with elevated OS. HD accentuates lipid, while PD aggravates protein oxidation. However, the activity of antioxidant enzymes was altered by impaired renal function and by both dialysis treatments.

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