scholarly journals Analysis of Dendrimer Generation by Sombor Indices

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Shahid Amin ◽  
Abaid Ur Rehman Virk ◽  
M.A. Rehman ◽  
Nehad Ali Shah
Keyword(s):  
Drug Delivery ◽  
Pharmaceutical Industry ◽  
Dendritic Structure ◽  
Nanometer Scale ◽  
Surface Groups ◽  
Functional Surface ◽  
Exterior Surface ◽  
Phosphorus Containing ◽  
Wet Lab ◽  
Aliphatic Polyamide

Dendrimers are highly branched, star-shaped macromolecules with nanometer-scale dimensions. Dendrimers are defined by three components: a central core, an interior dendritic structure (the branches), and an exterior surface with functional surface groups. Topological indices are numerical numbers that help us to understand the topology of different dendrimers and can be used to predict the properties without performing experiments in the wet lab. In the present paper, we computed the Sombor index and the reduced version of the Sombor index for the molecular graphs of phosphorus-containing dendrimers, porphyrin-cored dendrimers, PDI-cored dendrimers, triazine-based dendrimers, and aliphatic polyamide dendrimers. We also plotted our results by using Maple 2015 which help us to see the dependence of the Sombor index and reduced Sombor index on the involved parameters. Our results may help to develop better understanding about phosphorus-containing dendrimers, porphyrin-cored dendrimers, PDI-cored dendrimers, triazine-based dendrimers, and aliphatic polyamide dendrimers. Our results are also useful in the pharmaceutical industry and drug delivery.

On Topological Indices of Certain Dendrimer Structures

2017 ◽  
Vol 72 (6) ◽  
pp. 559-566 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adnan Aslam ◽  
Yasir Bashir ◽  
Safyan Ahmad ◽  
Wei Gao
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Structure ◽  
Dendritic Structure ◽  
Chemical Compounds ◽  
Topological Indices ◽  
Nanometer Scale ◽  
Functional Surface ◽  
Exterior Surface ◽  
Zinc Porphyrin ◽  
Connectivity Indices ◽  
Atom Bond

AbstractA topological index can be considered as transformation of chemical structure in to real number. In QSAR/QSPR study, physicochemical properties and topological indices such as Randić, Zagreb, atom-bond connectivity ABC, and geometric-arithmetic GA index are used to predict the bioactivity of chemical compounds. Dendrimers are highly branched, star-shaped macromolecules with nanometer-scale dimensions. Dendrimers are defined by three components: a central core, an interior dendritic structure (the branches), and an exterior surface with functional surface groups. In this paper we determine generalised Randić, general Zagreb, general sum-connectivity indices of poly(propyl) ether imine, porphyrin, and zinc-Porphyrin dendrimers. We also compute ABC and GA indices of these families of dendrimers.

scholarly journals Bioadhesive properties of β-limit dextrin

2011 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 60 ◽  
Author(s):  
XIN QI ◽  
Richard F Tester
Keyword(s):  
Drug Delivery ◽  
Pharmaceutical Industry ◽  
Synthetic Polymers ◽  
Salivary Amylase ◽  
Delivery Methods ◽  
Internal Structures ◽  
Bioadhesive Polymers ◽  
Mouth Feel ◽  
Potential Use

Purpose. β-Limit dextrin has been studied for many years as a means to investigate the internal structures of amylose and amylopectin. However its role as an excipient in the pharmaceutical industry has never been reported. This paper is the first one in a series to explore its potential use as an excipient to aid drug delivery. Methods. The bioadhesive properties of β-limit dextrin were studied using a texture analyser and compared with two well-known bioadhesive polymers – carbopol and chitosan (as controls). Results. The β-limit dextrin has significant mucoadhesive properties; similar to carbopol but superior to chitosan. Conclusions. The nature of β-limit dextrin (a starch derivative) makes it safe to consume and provides a natural alternative when compared with synthetic polymers. In addition, the polysaccharide can be digested by salivary amylase and thus provide a clean mouth feel.

scholarly journals Nanotechnology in Dentistry

2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (11) ◽  
Author(s):  
José Alcides Almeida de Arruda ◽  
Cinthia Figueiredo de Oliveira ◽  
Carina Silva de Paula ◽  
Vanessa Carla Furtado Mosqueira ◽  
Amália Moreno ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drug Delivery ◽  
Delivery Systems ◽  
Nanometer Scale ◽  
Tooth Structure ◽  
Online Databases ◽  
Disease Diagnostics ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Safety Assessments ◽  
Oral Analgesia

Introduction: Nanotechnology is a rapidly expanding field that encompasses the development, manipulation, and application of structures on the nanometer scale. Applications of nanotechnology to dentistry are particularly promising and comprise materials and devices designed to achieve maximal therapeutic efficacy with minimal side effects. Objective: This review discusses the advantages of nanotechnology and the different types of nanostructures used in dentistry. Material and Method: In this study, online databases: pubmed, medline and scielo were searched to analyse the current understanding of the potential of nanotechnology in dentistry, including the restoration of tooth structure with nanocomposites and the development of nanoparticles for dentin remineralisation, drug delivery, disease diagnostics, oral analgesia, oral hygiene maintenance, local anaesthesia, tooth desensitisation, and bone tissue repair. Results: The study demonstrated a wide range of nanotechnological strategies in different dentistry areas and suggests that nanotechnology-based delivery systems may be very useful to improve treatment, prevention and repair in dentistry in the future. Conclusion: There is little or no clinical experience for the nanotechnology-based drug delivery systems cited herein. Safety assessments and clinical trials are the next step in their development.Descriptors: Nanotechnology; Dental Research; Biocompatible Materials.

3D PRINTING OF PHARMACEUTICALS – LEADING TREND IN PHARMACEUTICAL INDUSTRY AND FUTURE PERSPECTIVES

2020 ◽  
pp. 10-16
Author(s):  
SHANKHADIP NANDI
Keyword(s):  
Drug Delivery ◽  
Pharmaceutical Industry ◽  
3D Printing ◽  
Computer Aided Design ◽  
Release Kinetics ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Economic Benefits ◽  
Pharmaceutical Products ◽  
Dosage Forms ◽  
Fused Deposition

3D printing technology is a rapid prototyping process based on computer-aided design software that is proficient to construct solid objects with various geometrics by depositing numerous layers in a sequence. The major advantages of three-dimensional printing (3DP) technology over the traditional manufacturing of pharmaceuticals include the customization of medications with individually adjusted doses, on-demand tailored manufacturing, unprecedented flexibility in the design, manufacturing of complex and sophisticated solid dosage forms, and economic benefits. Recently, many researchers have been invested their efforts in applying 3DP technology to the pharmaceutical development of drug products and different drug delivery systems. Selective laser sintering, fused deposition modeling, semi-solid extrusion, stereolithography, etc., are the multiple 3DP technologies that can be established in several customized and programmable medicines. Sublingual, orodispersible, and fast-dissolving drug delivery formulations by 3DP technology have been already manufactured. Controlled-release formulations with different characteristics, doughnut-shaped multi-layered tablets with linear release kinetics, and drug-loaded tablets with modified-release characteristics are recently fabricated using 3DP. However, few 3DP methods produce uneven shapes of dosage forms and comparatively porous structures. Cost of transition, adaptation to the existing facility, achieving regulatory approval, etc., are the present challenges that can restrict the extensive application of 3DP technology to pharmaceutical products. Intense research work for modifying the 3DP methods is simultaneously sustained for by-passing the flaws and current limitations of this technology. 3DP technology can act as a convenient and potential tool for the pharmaceutical industry which will set a revolutionary manufacturing style in the near future to facilitate patient-centered health care.

Review on Nanotechnology and its utilization in Pharmaceuticals

2021 ◽  
pp. 319-322
Author(s):  
Kiran Patole ◽  
Anil Danane ◽  
Amit Nikam ◽  
Anuja Patil
Keyword(s):  
Drug Delivery ◽  
Pharmaceutical Industry ◽  
Molecular Biology ◽  
Drug Delivery Systems ◽  
Delivery Systems ◽  
Medication Delivery ◽  
Traditional Drug ◽  
Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology

Nanotechnology is the study of tiny structures ranging in size from 0.1 to 100 nanometers. It includes biophysics, molecular biology, and bioengineering, as well as medical subspecialties such as cardiology, ophthalmology, endocrinology, oncology, and immunology. Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology combines the methods and ideas of nanoscience and nanomedicine with pharmacy to create novel medication delivery systems that transcend the limitations of traditional drug delivery systems. The purpose of this article is to provide an overview of nanotechnology and its uses in the pharmaceutical industry.

scholarly journals Stability of Engineered Micro or Nanobubbles for Biomedical Applications

Pharmaceutics ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (11) ◽  
pp. 1089
Author(s):  
Beomjin Park ◽  
Semi Yoon ◽  
Yonghyun Choi ◽  
Jaehee Jang ◽  
Soomin Park ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drug Delivery ◽  
Biomedical Applications ◽  
Ultrasonic Field ◽  
Nanometer Scale ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
The Core ◽  
Bubble Structure ◽  
The Stability ◽  
The Relationship

A micro/nanobubble (MNB) refers to a bubble structure sized in a micrometer or nanometer scale, in which the core is separated from the external environment and is normally made of gas. Recently, it has been confirmed that MNBs can be widely used in angiography, drug delivery, and treatment. Thus, MNBs are attracting attention as they are capable of constructing a new contrast agent or drug delivery system. Additionally, in order to effectively use an MNB, the method of securing its stability is also being studied. This review highlights the factors affecting the stability of an MNB and the stability of the MNB within the ultrasonic field. It also discusses the relationship between the stability of the bubble and its applicability in vivo.

Novel dendritic structure of alginate hybrid nanoparticles for effective anti-viral drug delivery

2017 ◽  
Vol 103 ◽  
pp. 1265-1275 ◽  
Author(s):  
K.S. Joshy ◽  
Anne George ◽  
Jiya Jose ◽  
Nandakumar Kalarikkal ◽  
Laly A. Pothen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drug Delivery ◽  
Dendritic Structure ◽  
Hybrid Nanoparticles

scholarly journals Dendrimers and their Applications: A Review Article

2016 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 55 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mughisa Munir ◽  
Muhammad Hanif ◽  
Nazar Muhammad Ranjha
Keyword(s):  
Drug Delivery ◽  
Drug Administration ◽  
Water Solubility ◽  
Aqueous Solubility ◽  
Active Pharmaceutical Ingredient ◽  
Pamam Dendrimers ◽  
Review Article ◽  
Surface Groups ◽  
Convergent Method ◽  
Routes Of Drug Administration

Dendrimers are the valuable additives in different routes of drug administration and are the most successful agents, because dendrimers provide greater biocompatibility, water solubility and bioavailability. In this review, synthesis structures, method of preparation have been discussed. Interaction mechanisms between dendrimer molecules and active pharmaceutical ingredient (API), like simple encapsulation and covalent conjugation and the recent applications of dendrimers have also been focused. Divergent method of poly amidoamine (PAMAM) dendrimers is found to be more applicable as compare to convergent method and PAMAM are also considered as ideal carriers for drug delivery because of large variety of surface groups, high aqueous solubility, and their unique architecture. 

scholarly journals Chitosan, Polyethylene Glycol and Polyvinyl Alcohol Modified MgFe2O4 Ferrite Magnetic Nanoparticles in Doxorubicin Delivery: A Comparative Study In Vitro

Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (13) ◽  
pp. 3893
Author(s):  
Deevak Ramnandan ◽  
Seipati Mokhosi ◽  
Aliscia Daniels ◽  
Moganavelli Singh
Keyword(s):  
Drug Delivery ◽  
Polyethylene Glycol ◽  
Magnetic Nanoparticles ◽  
Polyvinyl Alcohol ◽  
Cell Viability ◽  
Colloidal Stability ◽  
Breast Adenocarcinoma ◽  
Thermal Method ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Functional Surface

Cancer-based magnetic theranostics has gained significant interest in recent years and can contribute as an influential archetype in the effective treatment of cancer. Owing to their excellent biocompatibility, minute sizes and reactive functional surface groups, magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) are being explored as potential drug delivery systems. In this study, MgFe2O4 ferrite MNPs were evaluated for their potential to augment the delivery of the anticancer drug doxorubicin (DOX). These MNPs were successfully synthesized by the glycol-thermal method and functionalized with the polymers; chitosan (CHI), polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) and polyethylene glycol (PEG), respectively, as confirmed by Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy. X-ray diffraction (XRD) confirmed the formation of the single-phase cubic spinel structures while vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM) analysis confirmed the superparamagnetic properties of all MNPs. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and nanoparticle tracking analysis (NTA) revealed small, compact structures with good colloidal stability. CHI-MNPs had the highest DOX encapsulation (84.28%), with the PVA-MNPs recording the lowest encapsulation efficiency (59.49%). The 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5 diphenyl tetrazolium bromide (MTT) cytotoxicity assays conducted in the human embryonic kidney (HEK293), colorectal adenocarcinoma (Caco-2), and breast adenocarcinoma (SKBR-3) cell lines showed that all the drug-free polymerized MNPs promoted cell survival, while the DOX loaded MNPs significantly reduced cell viability in a dose-dependent manner. The DOX-CHI-MNPs possessed superior anticancer activity (<40% cell viability), with approximately 85.86% of the drug released after 72 h in a pH-responsive manner. These MNPs have shown good potential in enhancing drug delivery, thus warranting further optimizations and investigations.

The Political Economy of Controlling Transnationals: The Pharmaceutical Industry in Sri Lanka, 1972–1976

1978 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 299-328 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sanjaya Lall ◽  
Senaka Bibile
Keyword(s):  
Drug Delivery ◽  
Developing Countries ◽  
Quality Control ◽  
Sri Lanka ◽  
Pharmaceutical Industry ◽  
Medical Profession ◽  
Political Leadership ◽  
The Political ◽  
Great Care ◽  
Set Up

This paper describes the experience of Sri Lanka in reforming the structure of production, importation, and distribution of pharmaceuticals in the period 1972–1976. It highlights the actions and reactions of transnational pharmaceutical corporations to these reforms, and traces the achievements and problems of the State Pharmaceuticals Corporation which was set up to implement the reforms. The roles of political leadership in regulating the power of drug transnationals, and of the medical profession in resisting reform, seem to be of crucial significance. Developing countries wishing to lower the present high cost of drug delivery must proceed with great care and immense caution, since complex problems of quality control, bioequivalence, medical acceptance, and consumer reeducation are involved.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document