Sleep Patterns and Development of Children with Atopic Dermatitis

2020 ◽  
Vol 181 (11) ◽  
pp. 871-878
Author(s):  
Emine Gulsah Torun ◽  
Aysegul Ertugrul ◽  
Doga Ceren Tekguc ◽  
Ilknur Bostanci
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Atopic Dermatitis ◽  
Developmental Delay ◽  
Motor Skills ◽  
Sleep Problems ◽  
Receptive Language ◽  
Fine Motor ◽  
Sleep Patterns ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Increased Risk

<b><i>Introduction:</i></b> Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a chronic inflammatory disease that begins in early childhood. Sleep problems have increased in children with AD. The aim of this study was to evaluate sleep patterns and the development of children with AD at an early age. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> This is a cross-sectional study consisting of a total of 80 children aged 0–36 months with AD. Patients were evaluated by the Brief Infant Sleep Questionnaire and International Guide for Monitoring Child Development. <b><i>Results:</i></b> The median age (IQR) of the patients was 6 (4.25–9) months, 63.7% of them were male and 50% of them had sleep problems. Male sex (OR: 3.78, <i>p</i> = 0.024, 95% CI, 0.083–0.837), patients with AD who were in the first 3 months after diagnosis (OR: 3.56; 95% CI, 1.220–10.43, <i>p</i> = 0.020), and moderate-severe AD (OR: 5.09; 95% CI, 1.649–15.748, <i>p</i> = 0.005) were determined as risk factors for sleep problems. In all, 12.5% of the patients needed support for one or more developmental areas (gross motor skills, expressive language and communication, receptive language, fine motor skills, relationship, and play). Developmental delay was higher in patients with sleep problems (<i>p</i> = 0.037). Multiple siblings (OR: 14.381; 95% CI, 1.557–132.871, <i>p</i> = 0.019) and the presence of sleep problems (OR: 8.011; 95% CI, 1.764–36.387, <i>p</i> = 0.024) were found to be risk factors for developmental delay. <b><i>Conclusion:</i></b> Boys with moderate-severe AD within the first 3 months of diagnosis were at increased risk for sleep problems. Children with AD who have multiple siblings and sleep problems should be evaluated for developmental delay and monitored closely.

Prevalence of comorbidities and evaluation of their screening in spondyloarthritis: results of the international cross-sectional ASAS-COMOSPA study

2015 ◽  
Vol 75 (6) ◽  
pp. 1016-1023 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna Moltó ◽  
Adrien Etcheto ◽  
Désirée van der Heijde ◽  
Robert Landewé ◽  
Filip van den Bosch ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Gastroduodenal Ulcer ◽  
International Study ◽  
Daily Practice ◽  
Systematic Evaluation ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Unknown Risk ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Cholesterol Measurement

BackgroundIncreased risk of some comorbidities has been reported in spondyloarthritis (SpA). Recommendations for detection/management of some of these comorbidities have been proposed, and it is known that a gap exists between these and their implementation in practice.ObjectiveTo evaluate (1) the prevalence of comorbidities and risk factors in different countries worldwide, (2) the gap between available recommendations and daily practice for management of these comorbidities and (3) the prevalence of previously unknown risk factors detected as a result of the present initiative.MethodsCross-sectional international study with 22 participating countries (from four continents), including 3984 patients with SpA according to the rheumatologist.Statistical analysisThe prevalence of comorbidities (cardiovascular, infection, cancer, osteoporosis and gastrointestinal) and risk factors; percentage of patients optimally monitored for comorbidities according to available recommendations and percentage of patients for whom a risk factor was detected due to this study.ResultsThe most frequent comorbidities were osteoporosis (13%) and gastroduodenal ulcer (11%). The most frequent risk factors were hypertension (34%), smoking (29%) and hypercholesterolaemia (27%). Substantial intercountry variability was observed for screening of comorbidities (eg, for LDL cholesterol measurement: from 8% (Taiwan) to 98% (Germany)). Systematic evaluation (eg, blood pressure (BP), cholesterol) during this study unveiled previously unknown risk factors (eg, elevated BP (14%)), emphasising the suboptimal monitoring of comorbidities.ConclusionsA high prevalence of comorbidities in SpA has been shown. Rigorous application of systematic evaluation of comorbidities may permit earlier detection, which may ultimately result in an improved outcome of patients with SpA.

Abstract 3632: Secondary Vascular Events and Sleep Adequacy: the SWIFT Study

Stroke ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 43 (suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
LAURA EVENSEN ◽  
Nan Liu ◽  
Yijun Wang ◽  
Bernadette Boden-Albala
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Recurrent Events ◽  
Sleep Problems ◽  
Recurrent Event ◽  
Vascular Events ◽  
Respiratory Impairment ◽  
Vascular Death ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Falling Asleep ◽  
The Relationship

Objective: To describe the relationship between sleep problems, measured by the Medical Outcomes Sleep scale (MOS) at baseline, in ischemic stroke and TIA (IS/TIA) patients and the likelihood of having a recurrent event, leading to vascular death. Background: Among IS/TIA patients, there is increased risk for recurrent vascular events, including stroke, MI and vascular death. While history of stroke is a major predictor of recurrent events, there may be unidentified factors in play. Sleep quality may predict recurrent vascular events, but little is known about the relationship between sleep and recurrent events in IS/TIA patients. Methods: The Stroke Warning Information and Faster Treatment (SWIFT) Study is an NINDS SPOTRIAS funded randomized trial to study the effect of culturally appropriate, interactive education on stroke knowledge and time to arrival after IS/TIA. Sleep problems and recurrent event information were collected among consentable IS/TIA patients. Cox proportional hazards models were used to describe relationships between sleep and recurrent vascular events in IS/TIA patients. The MOS, a 12 item sleep assessment, measures 6 dimensions of sleep: initiation, maintenance, quantity, adequacy, somnolence and respiratory impairment. Results: Over 5 years, the SWIFT study cohort of 1198 [77% IS; 23% TIA] patients were prospectively enrolled. This cohort was 50% female; 50% Hispanic, 31% White and 18% Black, with a mean NIHSS of 3.2 [SD ±3.8]. 750 subjects completed the MOS scale at baseline. In a multivariate analysis, after adjusting for demographics and vascular risk factors: gender, age, race ethnicity, NIHSS, stroke history, qualifying event type, hypertension, diabetes, smoking and family stroke history, longer sleep initiation is associated with combined outcome of IS/TIA, MI and vascular death [p=0.1, HR=1.09]. Significant predictors of vascular death included: trouble falling asleep (initiation) [p=0.05, HR=1.15]; not ‘getting enough sleep to feel rested’ and not ‘getting the amount of sleep you need’ (adequacy) [p=0.06, HR=1.18 and p=0.03, HR=1.18, respectively]; shortness of breath or headache upon waking (respiratory impairment) [p=0.003, HR=1.33]; restless sleep [p=0.07, HR=1.15] and waking at night with trouble resuming sleep [p=0.004, HR=1.23] (maintenance); daytime drowsiness [p=0.05, HR=1.18] and trouble staying awake [p=0.01, HR=1.25] (somnolence); and taking naps (quantity) [p=0.03, HR=1.22]. Conclusions: Sleep problems represent diverse, modifiable risk factors for secondary vascular events, particularly vascular death. Exploring sleep dimensions may yield crucial information for reduction of secondary vascular events in IS/TIA patients. Further investigation is needed to fully understand the effects of sleep on secondary vascular event incidence.

Prevalence of Types, Frequency and Risk Factors for Complications after Exodontia

2021 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Oral Surgery ◽  
Demographic Data ◽  
Dental Trauma ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Outpatient Department ◽  
Impacted Tooth ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Mandibular Third Molars

Background: Exodontia is one of the most frequently carried out procedures by a dental surgeon, mostly on an outpatient department basis. The reasons for performing exodontia include non-restorable teeth, periodontal disease, dental trauma, impacted tooth, orthodontic treatment and toothache. Complications in dental extraction are a commonly encountered problem in dental clinics. This knowledge can help dental surgeons make extractions less invasive, traumatic and complicated, enabling quicker recovery of the socket. The aim of this study was to recognize types, frequency and risk factors for complications after exodontia. Methods: This cross-sectional study enrolled patients who had exodontia done from July- September 2019, visiting OPD of the Oral surgery department of Altamash Institute of Dental Medicine, Karachi. Risk factors included demographic data, general health, past medical and dental history. Spearman’s correlation test was used to establish any relationship of variables with complications. Results: The study patients (126) included 72 females (mean age 39.1±13.39) and 54 males (mean age 41.1±14.93). The overall complications rate was found to be 7.1%, mainly arising from maxillary and mandibular third molars. The most common complications encountered were Hemorrhage, Pain, and Trismus. Increasing age and specific teeth extracted were associated with an increased risk for complications. However, post-operative complications which were encountered most of them were minor and handled on an outpatient department basis. Conclusion: Frequency and risk factors for complications after exodontia were found low3 (37.5%). While age and teeth extracted cannot be directly altered, these factors maybe indirectly modified, resulting in a potential decrease of postoperative complications.

scholarly journals Evaluation of neurodevelopment of preterm infants using Bayley III scale

2015 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 47-55 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fernanda Veiga de Góes ◽  
Maria Dalva B. B. Méio ◽  
Rosane Reis de Mello ◽  
Denise Morsch
Keyword(s):  
Preterm Infants ◽  
Motor Development ◽  
High Frequency ◽  
Expressive Language ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Receptive Language ◽  
Abnormal Development ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Significant Difference

Objectives: to assess cognitive, motor, and language development in preterm infants, and perinatal, neonatal and socioeconomic factors associated with abnormal development. Methods: a cross-sectional study was carried out with 104 preterm infants (gestational ages < 33 weeks) (17 - 30 months corrected ages) using the Bayley III Scale. Logistic regression analysis was performed and prevalence ratios calculated. Results: the average language score (81.9) was low, while cognitive (93.7) and motor (91.1) scores were within normal values. There were deficiencies in receptive but not in expressive language. Male sex (OR 2.55 CI 1.01-6.44) and neonatal pneumonia (OR 33.85 CI 3.3-337.8) were associated with abnormal language scores. No factor was associated with abnormal cognitive scores; male gender indicated an increased risk of abnormal motor scores. The lack of a father was a risk factor for impaired motor development (PR: 2.96, CI: 5.6 - 1.55). There was no statistically significant difference in the development of small and appropriate for gestational age children. Conclusions: the Bayley III Scale was useful for assessing language and cognition separately, discriminating between receptive and expressive language. There was a high frequency of language deficiencies, especially in receptive language. Although motor and cognitive average scores were within the normal range, there was a high frequency of children with delayed development in these areas, especially motor development.

scholarly journals Creation of the WHO Indicators of Infant and Young Child Development (IYCD): metadata synthesis across 10 countries

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (5) ◽  
pp. e000747 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gillian A Lancaster ◽  
Gareth McCray ◽  
Patricia Kariger ◽  
Tarun Dua ◽  
Andrew Titman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Child Development ◽  
Developmental Trajectories ◽  
Receptive Language ◽  
Early Years ◽  
Fine Motor ◽  
Response Analysis ◽  
Data Sets ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Low Middle Income Countries ◽  
Common Scale

BackgroundRenewed global commitment to the improvement of early child development outcomes, as evidenced by the focus of the United Nations Sustainable Development Goal 4, highlights an increased need for reliable and valid measures to evaluate preventive and interventional efforts designed to affect change. Our objective was to create a new tool, applicable across multicultures, to measure development from 0 to 3 years through metadata synthesis.MethodsFourteen cross-sectional data sets were contributed on 21 083 children from 10 low/middle-income countries (LMIC), assessed using seven different tools (caregiver reported or directly assessed). Item groups, measuring similar developmental skills, were identified by item mapping across tools. Logistic regression curves displayed developmental trajectories for item groups across countries and age. Following expert consensus to identify well-performing items across developmental domains, a second mapping exercise was conducted to fill any gaps across the age range. The first version of the tool was constructed. Item response analysis validated our approach by putting all data sets onto a common scale.Results789 individual items were identified across tools in the first mapping and 129 item groups selected for analysis. 70 item groups were then selected through consensus, based on statistical performance and perceived importance, with a further 50 items identified at second mapping. A tool comprising 120 items (23 fine motor, 23 gross motor, 20 receptive language, 24 expressive language, 30 socioemotional) was created. The linked data sets on a common scale showed a curvilinear trajectory of child development, highlighting the validity of our approach through excellent coverage by age and consistency of measurement across contributed tools, a novel finding in itself.ConclusionsWe have created the first version of a prototype tool for measuring children in the early years, developed using novel easy to apply methodology; now it needs to be feasibility tested and piloted across several LMICs.

scholarly journals Risk factors associated with the severity of COVID-19 in a region of the Brazilian Amazon

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniele Melo Sardinha ◽  
Rosane do Socorro Pompeu de Loiola ◽  
Ana Lúcia da Silva Ferreira ◽  
Carmem Aliandra Freire de Sá ◽  
Yan Corrêa Rodrigues ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Brazilian Amazon ◽  
The State ◽  
Metropolitan Region ◽  
Epidemiological Surveillance ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Risk Of Death ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Brazilian Amazon Region

AbstractThe Brazilian Northern region registered a high incidence of COVID-19 cases, particularly in the state of Pará. The present study investigated the risk factors associated with the severity of COVID-19 in a Brazilian Amazon region of 100,819 cases. An epidemiological, cross-sectional, analytical and demographic study, analyzing data on confirmed cases for COVID-19 available at the Brazilian Ministry of Health's surveillance platform, was conducted. Variables such as, municipalities of residence, age, gender, signs and symptoms, comorbidities were included and associated with COVID-19 cases and outcomes. The spatial distribution was performed using the ArcGIS program. A total of 100,819 cases were evaluated. Overall, patients had the mean age of 42.3 years, were female (51.2%) and with lethality reaching 4.79% of cases. Main symptoms included fever (66.5%), cough (61.9%) and sore throat (39.8%). Regarding comorbidities, most of the patients presented cardiovascular disease (5.1%) and diabetes (4.2%). Neurological disease increased risk of death by nearly 15 times, followed by obesity (5.16 times) and immunodeficiency (5.09 time). The municipalities with the highest incidence rate were Parauapebas, Canaã dos Carajás and Jacareacanga. Similarity between the Lower Amazon, Marajó and Southwest mesoregions of Pará state were observed concerning the highest morbidity rates. The obtained data demonstrated that the majority of cases occurred among young adults, females, with the classic influenza symptoms and chronic diseases. Finally, data suggest that the highest incidences were no longer in the metropolitan region of the state. The higher lethality rate than in Brazil may be associated with the greater impacts of the disease in this Amazonian population, or factors associated with fragile epidemiological surveillance in the notification of cases of cure.

scholarly journals COMPUTER VISION SYNDROME: PREVALENCE AND ASSOCIATED RISK FACTORS AMONG UNDERGRADUATES IN A TERTIARY INSTITUTION IN NORTH WESTERN NIGERIA

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Nwankwo B ◽  
◽  
Mumueh KP ◽  
Olorukooba AA ◽  
Usman NO
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Computer Vision ◽  
Computer Use ◽  
P Value ◽  
Tertiary Institution ◽  
Blurred Vision ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Computer Vision Syndrome ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Associated Risk Factors

Background: Computers and other visual display devices have become essential in the present era and have led to a rise in computer-related health problems. Using computers in homes, universities and other institutions has increased output greatly but has also led to an increased risk of developing Computer vision syndrome (CVS). Objectives: To determine the prevalence and risk factors associated with computer vision syndrome among undergraduates. Methodology: A cross-sectional study was conducted among153 respondents who were selected using a multi-stage sampling technique. A pretested, structured, interviewer-administered questionnaire was used to collect data. SPSS version 23 was used to analyze the data. A Chi-square test was used to determine the relationship between CVS and associated risk factors at a P-value of <0.05. Results: The mean age of respondents was 22.4 ± 3.4 years. The prevalence of CVS in this study was 83 (54.3%). The common symptoms experienced among the respondents were headache (51, 61.4%), eye strain (48, 57.8%) and blurred vision (42, 50.6%). The risk factors significantly associated with CVS in this study were duration of computer use, hours of computer use per day, level of a computer screen and taking breaks during computer use. Conclusion: About half of the students in this study had at least one symptom of CVS. Therefore, awareness of CVS should be created by the institution during which students would be educated on CVS and its prevention.

scholarly journals Community prevalence of SARS-CoV-2 in England: Results from the ONS Coronavirus Infection Survey Pilot

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Koen B Pouwels ◽  
Thomas House ◽  
Julie V Robotham ◽  
Paul Birrell ◽  
Andrew B Gelman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Credible Interval ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Direct Patient Contact ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Potential Risk Factors ◽  
Coronavirus Infection ◽  
Over Time

Objective: To estimate the percentage of individuals infected with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) over time in the community in England and to quantify risk factors. Design: Repeated cross-sectional surveys of population-representative households with longitudinal follow-up if consent given. Setting: England. Participants: 34,992 Individuals aged 2 years and over from 16,722 private residential households. Data were collected in a pilot phase of the survey between 26 April and 28 June 2020. Main outcome measures: Percentage of individuals in the community testing positive for SARS-CoV-2 RNA using throat and nose swabs. Individuals were asked about any symptoms and potential risk factors. Results: The percentage of people in private-residential households testing positive for SARS-CoV-2 reduced from 0.32% (95% credible interval (CrI) 0.19% to 0.52%) on 26 April to 0.08% (95% CrI 0.05% to 0.12%) on 28 June, although the prevalence stabilised near the end of the pilot. Factors associated with an increased risk of testing positive included having a job with direct patient contact (relative exposure (RE) 4.06, 95% CrI 2.42 to 6.77)), working outside the home (RE 2.49, 95% CrI 1.39 to 4.45), and having had contact with a hospital (RE 2.20, 95% CrI 1.09 to 4.16 for having been to a hospital individually and RE 1.95, 95% CrI 0.81 to 4.09 for a household member having been to a hospital). In 133 visits where individuals tested positive, 82 (61%, 95% CrI 53% to 69%) reported no symptoms, stably over time. Conclusion: The percentage of SARS-CoV-2 positive individuals declined between 26 April and 28 June 2020. Positive tests commonly occurred without symptoms being reported. Working outside your home was an important risk factor, indicating that continued monitoring for SARS-CoV-2 in the community will be essential for early detection of increases in infections following return to work and other relaxations of control measures.

scholarly journals Atopic Disease and Anemia in Korean Patients: Cross-Sectional Study with Propensity Score Analysis

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (6) ◽  
pp. 1978
Author(s):  
Kiyon Rhew ◽  
Joshua D Brown ◽  
Jung Mi Oh
Keyword(s):  
Allergic Rhinitis ◽  
Atopic Dermatitis ◽  
Propensity Score ◽  
Atopic Disease ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Deficiency Anemia ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Propensity Score Weighting ◽  
Increased Risk

Atopic disease is associated with chronic inflammation, and anemia has been reported in patients with inflammatory disorders such as rheumatoid arthritis, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, and irritable bowel disease. The objective of this study was to determine whether atopic disease is associated with an increased risk of anemia. A cross-sectional study with propensity score weighting was conducted using a health insurance review agency claims dataset comprised of randomized patients who used the Korean national health system at least once in 2016. The association between atopic disease (asthma, atopic dermatitis, allergic rhinitis) and anemia (iron deficiency anemia (IDA) and/or anemia of inflammation (AI)) was examined. A total of 1,468,033 patients were included in this study. The IDA/AI prevalence was 3.1% (45,681 patients). After propensity score weighting, there were 46,958 and 45,681 patients in the non-anemic and anemic groups, respectively. The prevalence of IDA/AI in patients with atopic dermatitis, allergic rhinitis, or asthma had an odds ratio (OR) of 1.40 (95% confidence interval (CI), 1.33–1.48; p < 0.001), 1.17 (95% CI, 1.14–1.21; p < 0.001), and 1.32 (95% CI, 1.28–1.36; p < 0.001), respectively. In addition, the prevalence of IDA increased with higher numbers of atopic diseases. In conclusion, the prevalence of IDA/AI was higher in patients with atopic disease, even after adjusting for demographic characteristics and other risk factors. Further study is needed to distinguish between IDA and AI and to enhance understanding of the etiology of anemia in patients with inflammatory conditions.

scholarly journals Sleep Problems in Pregnancy—A Cross-Sectional Study in over 7000 Pregnant Women in Poland

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (15) ◽  
pp. 5306
Author(s):  
Magdalena Smyka ◽  
Katarzyna Kosińska-Kaczyńska ◽  
Nicole Sochacki-Wójcicka ◽  
Magdalena Zgliczyńska ◽  
Mirosław Wielgoś
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Sleep Disorders ◽  
Sleep Disturbances ◽  
Sleep Problems ◽  
Sleep Onset ◽  
Sociodemographic Factors ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Physical Symptoms ◽  
Sleep Patterns ◽  
Cross Sectional

The aim was to characterize sleep patterns in pregnant women in Poland and to analyze the relation between sociodemographic factors, pregnancy-related physical symptoms and sleep problems. A self-composed questionnaire, containing questions in Polish language, was distributed online via web pages and Facebook groups designed for pregnant women. The questionnaire included questions regarding sociodemographic data and information on the current pregnancy and sleep patterns over the past four weeks. Exactly 7207 respondents were included to the study. 77.09% reported sleep problems: nocturnal awakening (52.77%), sleep onset insomnia (20.23%), awakening too early (18.56%) and believed their sleep was too shallow (9.82%). Sleep onset insomnia (26.38%) and frequent awakening (62.88%) were most often reported in 3rd trimester, while daytime drowsiness (86.35%) and naps impeding daytime function (27.18%) in the 1st trimester of pregnancy. The analyzed demographic, socioeconomic and psychological issues had a small but significant influence on sleep problems occurrence (aOR 0.81–1.24). Time to conceive from 6 to 12 months of trying increased the risk of developing sleep problems during pregnancy (aOR 1.31). Pregnancy ailments increased the risk of sleep disturbances (aOR 1.53–2.59). Sleep disorders are prevalent among pregnant women in Poland. The evaluation of risk factors is essential in proper screening for sleep disorders in pregnant women.

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