Abstract 2374: Whole Grain Intake in Relation to Lipids, Apolipoproteins, and Lipoprotein Subclasses in a Multi-ethnic Cohort: The Insulin Resistance Atherosclerosis Study

Context: Whole grain intake is inversely associated with LDL-c and the metabolic syndrome, but the relationship of whole grains with other lipid parameters, such as small, dense LDL, is not established. We sought to evaluate the relationship of whole grain intake with lipids, apolipoproteins, and LDL lipoprotein subclasses in a large, multi-ethnic cohort. Methods: This cross-sectional study evaluated 975 non-diabetic participants in the Insulin Resistance Atherosclerosis Study. Baseline whole grain intake was estimated based on intake of dark breads, cooked cereals, and high-fiber cereals assessed in a validated food frequency questionnaire. Fasting lipid measurements included apolipoproteins and lipoprotein subclasses quantified by NMR spectroscopy. Linear regression models evaluated lipid parameters across quartile of whole grain intake after adjustment for demographics (age, sex, ethnicity, center), anthropometrics (BMI, waist circumference), lifestyle factors (smoking, alcohol intake), dietary factors (total kcal, fruits, vegetables, dietary fats) and lipid-lowering medication use. Additional models included directly measured insulin sensitivity (Si). Results: The cohort was 56% female, had a mean (SD) age of 54.8 (8.5) years, and was 60% non-white, with a median whole grain intake of .73 servings/day. In adjusted models, there was an inverse association between whole grain intake and LDL-c, Apo-B, Apo-B/Apo-A1 ratio, LDL particle concentration (LDL-p), and small LDL-p (Table ). These associations remained significant after adjustment for Si (LDL-c: p=.007; Apo-B: p=.04; Apo-B/Apo-A1: p=.03; LDL-p: p=.03; small LDL-p: p=.03). Conclusion: Whole grain intake is inversely associated with multiple lipid risk factors, including total and small LDL particle concentration, independent of insulin sensitivity and other confounders. This demonstrates additional mechanisms for the cardioprotective effects of whole grains.

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Dietary patterns, insulin sensitivity and adiposity in the multi-ethnic Insulin Resistance Atherosclerosis Study population

British Journal Of Nutrition ◽

10.1079/bjn20041279 ◽

2004 ◽

Vol 92 (6) ◽

pp. 973-984 ◽

Cited By ~ 43

Author(s):

Angela D. Liese ◽

Mandy Schulz ◽

Charity G. Moore ◽

Elizabeth J. Mayer-Davis

Keyword(s):

Insulin Resistance ◽

Cluster Analysis ◽

Insulin Sensitivity ◽

Waist Circumference ◽

Dietary Patterns ◽

Dietary Behaviour ◽

White Bread ◽

Insulin Resistance Atherosclerosis Study ◽

Relationship Of ◽

The Relationship

Epidemiological investigations increasingly employ dietary-pattern techniques to fully integrate dietary data. The present study evaluated the relationship of dietary patterns identified by cluster analysis with measures of insulin sensitivity (SI) and adiposity in the multi-ethnic, multi-centre Insulin Resistance Atherosclerosis Study (IRAS, 1992–94). Cross-sectional data from 980 middle-aged adults, of whom 67% had normal and 33% had impaired glucose tolerance, were analysed. Usual dietary intake was obtained by an interviewer-administered, validated food-frequency questionnaire. Outcomes included SI, fasting insulin (FI), BMI and waist circumference. The relationship of dietary patterns to log(SI+1), log(FI), BMI and waist circumference was modelled with multivariable linear regressions. Cluster analysis identified six distinct diet patterns – ‘dark bread’, ‘wine’, ‘fruits’, ‘low-frequency eaters’, ‘fries’ and ‘white bread’. The ‘white bread’ and the ‘fries’ patterns over-represented the Hispanic IRAS population predominantly from two centres, while the ‘wine’ and ‘dark bread’ groups were dominated by non-Hispanic whites. The dietary patterns were associated significantly with each of the outcomes first at the crude, clinical level (P<0·001). Furthermore, they were significantly associated with FI, BMI and waist circumference independent of age, sex, race or ethnicity, clinic, family history of diabetes, smoking and activity (P<0.004), whereas significance was lost for SI. Studying the total dietary behaviour via a pattern approach allowed us to focus both on the qualitative and quantitative dimensions of diet. The present study identified highly consistent associations of distinct dietary patterns with measures of insulin resistance and adiposity, which are risk factors for diabetes and heart disease.

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Relationship of lipid parameters and insulin resistance with bone health in South Korean adolescents

Bone Abstracts ◽

10.1530/boneabs.4.p200 ◽

2015 ◽

Author(s):

Do-Hoon Kim ◽

Sang-Woon Park ◽

Dong-Wook Jung ◽

Su-Jung Yoon ◽

Kyungdo Han ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Insulin Resistance ◽

Bone Health ◽

Korean Adolescents ◽

South Korean ◽

Relationship Of ◽

Lipid Parameters

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The Relationship of Fasting Free Fatty Acids, Adipose Tissue, Insulin Resistance, and Fasting Glucose Concentrations with Subsequent ß-Cell Function in Nondiabetic Subjects

Diabetes ◽

10.2337/db18-1812-p ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 67 (Supplement 1) ◽

pp. 1812-P

Author(s):

MARIA D. HURTADO ◽

J.D. ADAMS ◽

MARCELLO C. LAURENTI ◽

CHIARA DALLA MAN ◽

CLAUDIO COBELLI ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Insulin Resistance ◽

Fatty Acids ◽

Adipose Tissue ◽

Free Fatty Acids ◽

Cell Function ◽

Fasting Glucose ◽

Relationship Of ◽

The Relationship

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Cross-Sectional Associations between Mothers and Children’s Breakfast Routine—The Feel4Diabetes-Study

Nutrients ◽

10.3390/nu13030720 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 13 (3) ◽

pp. 720

Author(s):

Natalia Giménez-Legarre ◽

Alba M. Santaliestra-Pasías ◽

Greet Cardon ◽

Rurik Imre ◽

Violeta Iotova ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Dairy Products ◽

Analysis Of Covariance ◽

Food Groups ◽

Whole Grain ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Cereal Products ◽

Breakfast Consumption ◽

Mothers And Children ◽

Relationship Of ◽

The Relationship

Positive influences of family members have been associated with a high probability of children’s daily breakfast consumption. Therefore, the aim of this study was to scrutinize the association of breakfast routines between mothers and their children. The baseline data of the Feel4Diabetes-study was obtained in 9760 children (49.05% boys)–mother pairs in six European countries. A parental self-reported questionnaire gauging the frequency of breakfast consumption and of breakfast´ foods and beverages consumption was used. Agreement in routines of mothers and their children’s breakfast consumption was analyzed in sex-specific crosstabs. The relationship of breakfast routine and food groups’ consumption between mothers and their children was assessed with analysis of covariance. The highest proportion of children who always consumed breakfast were those whose mothers always consumed it. Children consuming breakfast regularly had a higher intake of milk or unsweetened dairy products and all kind of cereal products (low fiber and whole-grain) than occasional breakfast consumers (p < 0.05). The strong similarity between mothers and children suggests a transfer of breakfast routine from mothers to their children, as a high proportion of children who usually consume breakfast were from mothers also consuming breakfast. All breakfast foods and beverages consumption frequencies were similar between children and their mothers.

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Insulin Resistance and the Relationship of a Dyslipidemia to Coronary Heart Disease

Arteriosclerosis Thrombosis and Vascular Biology ◽

10.1161/atvbaha.110.219055 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 31 (5) ◽

pp. 1208-1214 ◽

Cited By ~ 52

Author(s):

Sander J. Robins ◽

Asya Lyass ◽

Justin P. Zachariah ◽

Joseph M. Massaro ◽

Ramachandran S. Vasan

Keyword(s):

Insulin Resistance ◽

Coronary Heart Disease ◽

Heart Disease ◽

Relationship Of ◽

The Relationship

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The Relationship of Insulin Resistance With SNP 276G>T at Adiponectin Gene and Plasma Long-Chain Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids in Obese Children

Pediatric Research ◽

10.1203/pdr.0b013e3181b1bc4a ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 66 (3) ◽

pp. 346-349 ◽

Cited By ~ 11

Author(s):

Elvira Verduci ◽

Silvia Scaglioni ◽

Carlo Agostoni ◽

Giovanni Radaelli ◽

Marialuisa Biondi ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Insulin Resistance ◽

Fatty Acids ◽

Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids ◽

Adiponectin Gene ◽

Obese Children ◽

Relationship Of ◽

The Relationship ◽

Long Chain

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Diets rich in whole grains increase betainized compounds associated with glucose metabolism

American Journal of Clinical Nutrition ◽

10.1093/ajcn/nqy169 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 108 (5) ◽

pp. 971-979 ◽

Cited By ~ 20

Author(s):

Olli Kärkkäinen ◽

Maria A Lankinen ◽

Marilena Vitale ◽

Jenna Jokkala ◽

Jukka Leppänen ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Mass Spectrometry ◽

Insulin Resistance ◽

Insulin Secretion ◽

Glucose Tolerance Test ◽

Tolerance Test ◽

Whole Grains ◽

Tandem Mass ◽

Whole Grain ◽

Chromatography Tandem Mass Spectrometry ◽

Liquid Chromatography Tandem Mass

ABSTRACT Background Epidemiologic evidence suggests that diets rich in whole grains are associated with a reduced risk of developing chronic diseases and all-cause mortality. However, the molecular mechanisms behind these beneficial metabolic effects are poorly understood. Objective Our aim was to investigate novel trimethylated (betainized) compounds from mice and humans, and their association with whole grain–rich diets and insulin resistance and insulin secretion. Design Fasting plasma samples were obtained in a mouse (C57BL/6J male) feeding trial and a controlled dietary intervention. The mouse trial involved feeding the mice a rye and wheat bran–enriched feed which was compared with a high-fat diet. In the human trial, participants recruited from Kuopio, Finland (n = 69) and Naples, Italy (n = 54) with characteristics of the metabolic syndrome were randomly assigned to either a whole grain–enriched diet or a control diet for 12 wk. Plasma concentrations of betainized compounds were analyzed with the use of liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. Insulin resistance and insulin secretion were assessed in an oral-glucose-tolerance test and a meal-glucose-tolerance test. Results The betaines that were increased in mouse plasma after bran-enriched feeding were identified de novo via chemical synthesis and liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry, and confirmed to be associated with an increased intake of whole-grain products in humans. In particular, the concentrations of pipecolic acid betaine were increased at the end of the whole-grain intervention in both the Kuopio cohort (P < 0.001) and the Naples cohort (P < 0.05), and these concentrations inversely correlated with the postprandial glucose concentration. Furthermore, the concentration of valine betaine was substantially increased during the intervention in Naples (P < 0.001) with an inverse correlation with the postprandial insulin concentration. In addition, the concentrations of other betaines, e.g., glycine betaine and proline betaine, correlated with glucose and insulin concentrations at the end of the intervention. Conclusions Novel betainized compounds in humans are associated with diets rich in whole grains, and they improve insulin resistance and insulin secretion. These results suggest that these novel compounds may contribute to the beneficial effects of whole grain–rich diets. The studies were registered at clinicaltrials.gov as NCT00945854 (Naples) and NCT00573781 (Kuopio).

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The Relationship of Adiponectin/Leptin Ratio with Homeostasis Model Assessment Insulin Resistance Index and Metabolic Syndrome in Apparently Healthy Korean Male Adults

Korean Diabetes Journal ◽

10.4093/kdj.2010.34.4.237 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 34 (4) ◽

pp. 237 ◽

Cited By ~ 39

Author(s):

Chan-Hee Jung ◽

Eun-Jung Rhee ◽

Ji-Hoon Choi ◽

Ji-Cheol Bae ◽

Seung-Hyun Yoo ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Insulin Resistance ◽

Metabolic Syndrome ◽

Resistance Index ◽

Model Assessment ◽

Homeostasis Model Assessment ◽

Insulin Resistance Index ◽

Relationship Of ◽

The Relationship ◽

Apparently Healthy

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Adipokines: mechanisms of metabolic and behavioral disorders

Obesity and metabolism ◽

10.14341/omet9430 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 15 (3) ◽

pp. 14-20

Author(s):

Yassine Chahirou ◽

Abdelhalim Mesfioui ◽

Ali Ouichou ◽

Aboubaker Hessni

Keyword(s):

Oxidative Stress ◽

Insulin Resistance ◽

Adipose Tissue ◽

Lipid Metabolism ◽

Behavioral Disorders ◽

Health Problems ◽

Endocrine Tissue ◽

Physiological Functions ◽

Relationship Of ◽

The Relationship

Current studies show that metabolic and behavioral disorders represent severe health problems. Several questions arise about the molecular relationship of metabolic and behavioral disorders. This review will discuss the relationship of lipid metabolism and fructose consumption accompanied by an increase in weight as well as associated disorders: hypertension, insulin-resistance, oxidative stress and depression. Adipose tissue is considered as an endocrine tissue with intense secretory activities (metabolic and inflammatory). These adipokines are responsible for an alteration of several physiological functions. In this review we will try to understand how lipogenesis that causes dyslipidemia can influence insulin resistance, hypertension, oxidative stress, depression and the relationship between these various disorders.

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