Changing Demographic of Labor Force and Productivity: A Case of Japan

2008 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 175-187
Author(s):  
Chandra Akkihal ◽  
Rajindar Koshal ◽  
Ashok Gupta ◽  
Manjulika Koshal ◽  
Yoichi Mine
Keyword(s):  
Labor Force ◽  
Unemployment Rate ◽  
Productivity Growth ◽  
Negative Relationship ◽  
Participation Rate ◽  
Demographic Characteristics ◽  
Turnover Rates ◽  
Gender Distribution ◽  
Younger Workers ◽  
The Relationship

AbstractFor the period of 1978-2003, this paper examines the relationship between changing productivity and demographic characteristics of Japan's labor force. The results of this study reveal four important and interesting characteristics of the Japanese labor force. First, there is a negative relationship between productivity growth and turnover rates. Second, the participation rate of younger workers in the labor force has declined; this has resulted in a decline in the percentage of younger workers (15-34 years old). Third, the gender distribution of the labor force has not changed in any significant way. Fourth, the unemployment rate has increased by more than four times. These labor force changes have contributed to fluctuations in productivity growth.

The relationship between output growth and unemployment in the Philippines economy (1990-2014):

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 49
Author(s):  
Marlon A. Mojica ◽  
Virgilio M. Tatlonghari
Keyword(s):  
Labor Force ◽  
Structural Break ◽  
Empirical Relationship ◽  
Trade Openness ◽  
Negative Relationship ◽  
Participation Rate ◽  
The Philippines ◽  
Output Growth ◽  
Recursive Least Squares ◽  
Parameter Instability

This paper examines the empirical relationship between unemployment and real output in the Philippines utilizing quarterly data from the Labor Force Survey by the Philippine Statistics Authority for the period from 1990-2014. The study employed three variants of Okun’s Law – the “gap” approach, the “first difference” approach, and a dynamic approach.   Findings show that the Okun’s coefficients based on the gap approach are consistent with the theoretical expectation of a negative relationship.  In the ARDL model, labor force participation rate and trade openness were found to be significantly related to unemployment. The result of dummy variable test revealed the presence of structural break following the re-definition of unemployment in the Philippines in 2005. Recursive least squares and rolling regressions show evidence of parameter instability in several sub-periods.

scholarly journals Contemporary Indonesian GDP: Context of Analysis at Unemployment, Labor Force and Poor People

2021 ◽  
pp. 143-154
Author(s):  
Erwin Kurniawan A. ◽  
Muhammad Awaluddin ◽  
Fitriadi Fitriadi ◽  
Arfiah Busari ◽  
Dio Caisar Darma
Keyword(s):  
Labor Force ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Participation Rate ◽  
Poor People ◽  
Gdp Growth ◽  
Macroeconomic Variables ◽  
Development Goals ◽  
The Government ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

Indonesia is a developing country that has always prioritized sustainable development. In achieving these development goals, Indonesia needs to achieve economic growth by improving population welfare and increasing income. With the form of panel data from 34 provinces in Indonesia that have unique characteristics, the author presented them during 2015-2019. Through multiple linear regression, this study seeks to discuss the relationship of unemployment, labor force participation rate, and poor people to Indonesia’s GDP growth. These findings suggest that the three macroeconomic variables have a negative impact on GDP. Regarding GDP growth, only unemployment has an actual effect, while others have no significant effect. The implications of the policies pursued by the government are not only paying attention to economic aspects but social problems that are expected to spur economic development.

Jobs calculator – a tool for short-term forecasting of changes in the labour market

2020 ◽  
Vol 65 (3) ◽  
pp. 31-45
Author(s):  
Maria Bieć ◽  
Ewa Gałecka-Burdziak ◽  
Paweł Kaczorowski ◽  
Robert Pater
Keyword(s):  
Labour Market ◽  
Unemployment Rate ◽  
Labour Force ◽  
Participation Rate ◽  
Professional Activity ◽  
Labour Force Survey ◽  
Labour Market Participation ◽  
Employment Rates ◽  
Short Term Forecasting ◽  
The Relationship

The aim of the article is to present a modified and extended version of a jobs calculator – a tool used to perform simulations of the relationship between the unemployment and employment rates while adopting different assumptions regarding the potential trends in Poles’ professional activity and in shaping the size of Poland’s population. The user of the calculator sets the value of the target unemployment rate, and the tool calculates the number of jobs whose creation and filling would be necessary to obtain the desired level of the unemployment rate. The current version of the jobs calculator application has been enhanced compared to the original one in such a way that it allows modifying parameters characterizing the labour market (the labour market participation rate and the rate of the population growth) and creating forecasts within a defined time span. The calculator utilises data from the Labour Force Survey. The paper presents labour market forecasts until 2022 as well as the results of a simulation performed on the data from Labour Force Survey for the 3rd quarter of 2018.

Intelligence and job satisfaction in the USA and China

2014 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 232-244 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cassandra Thompson ◽  
Samuel Lane
Keyword(s):  
Job Satisfaction ◽  
Empirical Studies ◽  
Negative Relationship ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Turnover Rates ◽  
Content Type ◽  
The Usa ◽  
Different Cultures ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Practical Implications

Purpose – This study aims to evaluate both intelligence and job satisfaction of workers in the USA and China. Each topic will be studied individually, first, to determine the relationship between intelligence and job satisfaction. The statistics between China and the USA will then be compared and contrasted to assess how different cultures will affect emotional intelligence and job satisfaction of those in the workforce. Design/methodology/approach – A review of the empirical studies on intelligence and job satisfaction was performed and used to develop a model to guide future research. Findings – There is a negative relationship between intelligence and job satisfaction in the USA, but no studies have been done to compare both constructs cross-culturally. Research limitations/implications – The proposed study can be used to gain an understanding of the relationship between intelligence and job satisfaction across different cultures. Practical implications – The link between job satisfaction and intelligence can be used by employers to determine information about other aspects of their business, such as turnover rates of productive employees. Originality/value – Although there has been some research on the relation between intelligence and job satisfaction, notably by Ganzach (1998), very little has been done across cultures.

scholarly journals Examining the Relationship of Corruption with Economic Growth, Poverty and Gender Inequality Albanian Case

2014 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 192
Author(s):  
Jonada Tafa
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Labor Force ◽  
Labor Force Participation ◽  
Unemployment Rate ◽  
Participation Rate ◽  
Labor Force Participation Rate ◽  
Gdp Growth ◽  
Government Performance ◽  
Gdp Growth Rate ◽  
Per Capita

This thesis examines the relationship of corruption with economic growth, poverty and gender inequality in Albania. Albania is a developing country with a GDP growth rate of 1.6% (World Bank, 2012) and income inequality is a serious problem that government has to deal with. Regarding gender discrimination a lot of progress is made. The current government counts six female ministers in its body. Corruption in Albania is a widespread phenomenon and is found almost in every sector of life. TI CPI index ranks Albania in the 116 place out of 177 countries observed. To study this relationship a multiple regression analysis is conducted. Data for this analysis correspond to years 2000 to 2012 and is accessed from World Bank database. in this analysis CC from World Bank is the dependent variable, while FDI, GDP growth rate, GNI per Capita, Unemployment Rate, Proportion of Women in Parliamentary Positions and Women's share in Labor Force Participation Rate are the explanatory variables. The first two variables are used as indicators of economic growth. GNI per capita and Unemployment rate account for poverty, while the last two variables account for gender inequality. The results have shown that when the level of FDIs in Albania is increased government performance in control of corruption is improved. From the analysis it is understood that a decrease in unemployment rate would increase government performance in control of corruption. The results of the analysis showed that when unemployment rate increase, CC decreases. Regarding the link of corruption with GDP growth rate and GNI per capita, an inverse relationship is observed. With an increase in either GDP growth rate or GNI per capita, CC will decrease. Even the relationship with number of women in parliament and their share in labor force participation rate with corruption resulted to be negative. An increase in either proportion of women in parliamentary positions or share of them in labor force participation rate has shown to worsen government performance in control of corruption.

scholarly journals The Validity of Okun’s Law, Case of Jordan

2017 ◽  
Vol 13 (28) ◽  
pp. 470
Author(s):  
Saleh Al-hosban ◽  
Mohmmad Edienat
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Unemployment Rate ◽  
Negative Relationship ◽  
Economic Policies ◽  
Okun’S Law ◽  
Okun's Law ◽  
Real Gdp ◽  
Economic Methods ◽  
Econometric Tests ◽  
The Relationship

The main aim of this study is to empirically examine ,investigate and test the relationship between unemployment rate and economic growth within Jordanian economy over the period of time (1982-2016), in order to examine the validity of Okun’s law, which suggests a negative relationship between unemployment rate and economic growth, several economic methods are employed by using descriptive statistics, as well as some econometric tests, in order to analyze the variables under study . The empirical results of this study show a negative relationship between unemployment and GDP in the period 1982-2016 in Jordanian economy, which is consistent with Okun’s law. In other word, this study offered an additional empirical evidence to confirm the validity of the Okun’s law in the case of Jordan over the period 1982-2016.So any attempt to increase economic growth through some economic policies such as expansion in spending would reduce unemployment rate, where the Okun’s coefficient of GDP with respect to unemployment rate is- 0.004, such that an increase of 100 million Jordanian Dinars in the Real GDP will cause 40% decrease in the unemployment rate, which is about half percent in unemployment rate in the next. The findings of this thesis may help economists and policymakers when adapting policies in order to adjust unemployment level in the economy.

scholarly journals Identifikasi Tingkat Pengangguran Terbuka Berdasarkan Kecamatan Di Kabupaten Pekalongan Menggunakan Spatial Model

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 65-72
Author(s):  
Tory Ariyanto ◽  
Era Yunianto ◽  
Taryadi Taryadi
Keyword(s):  
Population Growth ◽  
Labor Force ◽  
Labor Force Participation ◽  
Unemployment Rate ◽  
Strong Correlation ◽  
Mutual Influence ◽  
Participation Rate ◽  
Economic Problem ◽  
Labor Force Participation Rate ◽  
Test Results

Unemployment is an economic problem that the central and regional governments must resolve comprehensively and integrated. The open unemployment rate in Pekalongan Regency in the last three years has increased. It is influenced by several factors, one of which is the population growth rate. Likewise, the labor force participation rate has increased. It shows that the increasing availability of the workforce is not accompanied by additional employment and is not proportional to population growth. This study aims to determine the level of open unemployment and labor force participation in the sub-district, whether there is a relationship and mutual influence between sub-districts in Pekalongan Regency. The method used to see the correlation between sub-districts is the spatial analysis method. The method used to analyze the correlation between regions is the Moran's Index and the Moran Scatterplot, while to prove the dependence or spatial effect between regions partially used the LISA test. The test results show the Moran Index for the open unemployment rate of 0,915 and the labor force participation rate of 0,737 with a significance level of 5%. This measurement value shows that the Moran index value is close to 1, which means autocorrelation between neighboring sub-districts on the open unemployment rate and the labor force participation rate. While the LISA test results show that there are seven spatially related H-H districts, meaning that there is a strong correlation between the observed sub-districts and the surrounding districts. The strong correlation between observation sub-districts and their surroundings can be used as a reference for making policies in overcoming open unemployment between sub-districts. The policy for handling open unemployment has become more comprehensive and integrated among sub-districts by seeing that each sub-district has a spatial correlation and affects open unemployment in the district.

scholarly journals ANALISIS VARIABEL-VARIABEL YANG MEMPENGARUHI PERTUMBUHAN EKONOMI DI PROVINSI KEPULAUAN BANGKA BELITUNG TAHUN 2008-2015

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 124-138
Author(s):  
Syamsu Pratama
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Income Inequality ◽  
Labor Force ◽  
Labor Force Participation ◽  
Unemployment Rate ◽  
Descriptive Analysis ◽  
Commodity Prices ◽  
Participation Rate ◽  
Labor Force Participation Rate ◽  
The Poor

Economic growth of a region can assess from various aggregate sizes, one of them is GDRP (Gross Regional Domestic Product). Based on theory, GDRP can influenced by several variables, including world commodity prices which have the largest share of GDP, labor force participation rate (LFPR), Human Development Index (HDI), income inequality, open unemployment rate and percentage of the poor. In 2015 Bangka Belitung Islands Province GRDP had a share of around 0.5 percent of Indonesia's GDP. The largest share is West Bangka Regency with 11.46 trillion rupiahs, while the smallest one is East Belitung with 6.112 trillion rupiahs.To find out picture of economic growth and the influence of variable prices of palm oil commodities, LFPR, HDI income inequality, open unemployment and the percentage of the poor on economic growth in the Bangka Belitung Islands Province 2008-2015, the method used is descriptive analysis and panel data regression.The best model for estimating GDRP growth in Bangka Belitung Islands Province in 2008-2015 is the fix effect model with Seemingly Uncorrelated Regression Method. With alpha 5 percent, the variables that significantly influence economic growth are HDI, the percentage of the poor, labor force participation rate (LFPR), income inequality, open unemployment rate and world commodity prices.economic growth

scholarly journals KAJIAN ANOMALI PEREKONOMIAN MAKRO KOTA MAGELANG

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 148-153
Author(s):  
Nur Maizunati ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Granger Causality ◽  
Unemployment Rate ◽  
Inflation Rate ◽  
Negative Relationship ◽  
Var Model ◽  
Vector Autoregressive ◽  
Economic Theories ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

The economic dynamics in Magelang City, although quite impressive in the last five years, but have had anomalies in several years. The interrelated achievement of several macro indicators does not show synergy with various existing economic theories. This study examines the economic anomaly that occurred in Magelang City through the analysis of the relationship of several macro indicators with OLS regression and the Vector Autoregressive (VAR) model. The research results show that there is a negative relationship between the inflation variable and the unemployment rate on GDP. It was also found that GDP had significant granger causality over unemployment rate. Unemployment rate showed a negative response since the first period due to changes in the inflation rate. But in the 5th to the 10th years its fluctuations began to shrink. Meanwhile the GDP responded negatively to the dynamics of inflation with fluctuations that widened throughout the year. The determination of the cut-off point for inflation figures needs to be carefully formulated so that all related indicators can move dynamically but harmoniously.

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