Partisanship, Political Support, and Information Processing Among President Rodrigo Duterte’s Supporters and Non-Supporters

2020 ◽  
Vol 41 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 73-105
Author(s):  
Naomi B. Arata ◽  
Ador R. Torneo ◽  
Antonio P. Contreras
Keyword(s):  
Information Processing ◽  
Cognitive Processing ◽  
Motivated Reasoning ◽  
Political Support ◽  
The Political ◽  
Test Design ◽  
Limited Impact ◽  
Post Test ◽  
Metro Manila ◽  
Fact Checking

Abstract This study investigates whether partisanship influences the cognitive processing of statements made by President Rodrigo Duterte. It adopts a pre-test/post-test design and involves 254 college students from Metro Cebu and Metro Manila Philippines. Findings suggest that partisanship significantly influenced the cognitive processing of statements attributed to President Duterte. Political support was significantly and positively associated with belief. Supporters were more likely to express belief in attributed statements. Even when informed that the statements were false, their political support did not significantly decline. Non-supporters were less likely to believe attributed statements and more likely to change their minds when shown information that the statements were false. “Motivated reasoning” or “expressive responding” may explain these findings but there is not enough data in this study to establish this. The implication is that fact-checking may have a limited impact on changing the minds or diminishing the political support of the strongly partisan.

scholarly journals Does truth matter to voters? The effects of correcting political misinformation in an Australian sample

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (12) ◽  
pp. 180593 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael J. Aird ◽  
Ullrich K. H. Ecker ◽  
Briony Swire ◽  
Adam J. Berinsky ◽  
Stephan Lewandowsky
Keyword(s):  
Motivated Reasoning ◽  
The Political ◽  
Donald Trump ◽  
Null Effect ◽  
Australian Sample ◽  
Fact Checking ◽  
Political Spectrum ◽  
Voting Intentions

In the ‘post-truth era’, political fact-checking has become an issue of considerable significance. A recent study in the context of the 2016 US election found that fact-checks of statements by Donald Trump changed participants' beliefs about those statements—regardless of whether participants supported Trump—but not their feelings towards Trump or voting intentions. However, the study balanced corrections of inaccurate statements with an equal number of affirmations of accurate statements. Therefore, the null effect of fact-checks on participants’ voting intentions and feelings may have arisen because of this artificially created balance. Moreover, Trump's statements were not contrasted with statements from an opposing politician, and Trump's perceived veracity was not measured. The present study ( N = 370) examined the issue further, manipulating the ratio of corrections to affirmations, and using Australian politicians (and Australian participants) from both sides of the political spectrum. We hypothesized that fact-checks would correct beliefs and that fact-checks would affect voters’ support (i.e. voting intentions, feelings and perceptions of veracity), but only when corrections outnumbered affirmations. Both hypotheses were supported, suggesting that a politician's veracity does sometimes matter to voters. The effects of fact-checking were similar on both sides of the political spectrum, suggesting little motivated reasoning in the processing of fact-checks.

scholarly journals "I've said it before and I will say it again": Repeating statements made by Donald Trump increases perceived truthfulness for individuals across the political spectrum

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Samuel Murray ◽  
Matthew Stanley ◽  
Jonathon McPhetres ◽  
Gordon Pennycook ◽  
Paul Seli
Keyword(s):  
Motivated Reasoning ◽  
The Political ◽  
Political Affiliation ◽  
Donald Trump ◽  
Truth Effect ◽  
Fact Checking ◽  
Political Spectrum ◽  
Illusory Truth Effect

Fact-checking organizations have reported that Donald Trump is prone to repeating patently false statements. Previous research has shown that repetition increases perceived truthfulness of even implausible statements (also known as the illusory truth effect). However, other research has shown that people may engage in motivated reasoning when interacting with someone from a different ideological group. We measured the effect of repeating statements made by Donald Trump on perceived truthfulness. Participants (N = 465) rated the truthfulness of different statements made by Donald Trump, some of which were repeated from an earlier phase of the experiment. Our results are striking. We observe an overall effect of repetition on perceived truthfulness that is equally robust regardless of political affiliation. Our results suggest that ideologically-motivated beliefs do not modulate the effect of repetition on perceived truthfulness of statements.

PENYULUHAN GIZI, ASUPAN GIZI DAN PEMBERIAN TABLET TAMBAH DARAH TERHADAP KADAR HEMOGLOBIN (Hb) IBU HAMIL

2019 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 105
Author(s):  
Abdullah Tamrin ◽  
Hikmawati Masud ◽  
Indah Suci Ramadani
Keyword(s):  
Test Design ◽  
Design Data ◽  
Post Test

ABSTRAK Berbagai masalah gizi diderita oleh sebagian besar masyarakat Indonesia dan salah satu masalah gizi utama adalah anemia gizi besi. Salah satu upaya untuk memperbaiki pola konsumsi pangan dan pola kebiasaan yang bertujuan untuk menanggulangi anemia dikalangan masyarakat terutama ibu hamil dengan melalui peningkatan pengetahuan, sikap dan perilaku seseorang dengan penyuluhan gizi dan mengonsumsi tablet tambah darah. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui pengaruh penyuluhan gizi, asupan gizi dan pemberian tablet tambah darah terhadap kadar hemoglobin ibu hamil di Puskesmas Paccerakkang Kota Makassar. Jenis penelitian ini merupakan penelitian analitik dengan rancangan one-group pre-test and post-test design. Data diperoleh dari hasil Pre test dan Post test menggunakan kuesioner, pengambilan Hb, recall 24 jam dan data tablet tambah darah yang di konsumsi. Kadar hemoglobin ibu hamil pada awalnya anemia (100%) dan pada akhir terdapat sebanyak 8 orang (53,33%). Hasil pre dan post test ibu hamil yang memiliki criteria baik sebelum mendapatkan penyuluhan gizi sebanyak 2 orang (13,33 %) dan setelah mendapatkan penyuluhan gizi sebanyak 4  orang (26,67%). Asupan gizi (energi) ibu hamil yang memiliki criteria asupan baik di awal sebanyak 1  orang (6,67 %) dan di akhir sebanyak 9  orang (60%). Asupan gizi (protein) baik di awal sebanyak 3 orang (20 %) dan di akhir sebanyak 4  orang (26,67%). Pada umumnya asupan Fe di awal dan di akhir dari 15 ibu hamil 100% tergolong kurang. Ibu hamil yang mengkonsumsi tablet tambah darah dengan baik sebanyak 6 orang (40%). Disarankan ibu hamil turut berpartisipasi setiap pemeriksaan rutin yang diadakan oleh Puskesmas guna mencegah terjadinya masalah gizi.

Ein Ende mit Schrecken – Frankreich nach den Wahlen

2017 ◽  
Vol 47 (188) ◽  
pp. 495-504 ◽  
Author(s):  
Felix Syrovatka
Keyword(s):  
Political System ◽  
Political Support ◽  
The Political ◽  
Parliamentary Elections ◽  
Political Situation ◽  
Economic Transformations ◽  
Crisis Of Representation ◽  
Election Results ◽  
Deep Crisis

The presidential and parliamentary elections were a political earthquake for the French political system. While the two big parties experienced massive losses of political support, the rise of new political formations took place. Emmanuel Macron is not only the youngest president of the V. Republic so far, he is also the first president not to be supported by either one of the two biggest parties. This article argues that the election results are an expression of a deep crisis of representation in France that is rooted in the economic transformations of the 1970s. The article analyses the political situation after the elections and tries to give an outlook on further political developments in France.

NILAI ANKLE BRACHIAL INDEX PADA PENDERITA DIABETES MELITUS TIPE 2 SESUDAH MELAKUKAN BUERGER ALLEN EXERCISE DI PUSKESMAS WILAYAH KECAMATAN NGANJUK

2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Supriyadi . ◽  
Nurul Makiyah ◽  
Novita Kurnia Sari
Keyword(s):  
Ankle Brachial Index ◽  
Control Group ◽  
P Value ◽  
Test Design ◽  
Purposive Sampling ◽  
Paired Samples ◽  
Post Test ◽  
Diabetes Melitus

<p><em>Buerger Allen Exercise</em> mampu meningkatkan pemakaian glukosa oleh otot yang aktif sehingga glukosa dalam darah dapat menurun, dapat membantu mencegah terjadinya penyakit arteri perifer, serta meningkatkan aliran darah ke arteri dan berefek positif pada metabolisme glukosa. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui nilai <em>ankle brachial index</em>pada penderita diabetes melitus tipe 2setelah melakukan <em>Buerger Allen exercise</em>. Jenis penelitian ini adalah <em>quasy-experiment </em>dengan<em> pre-post test design with control group</em><em>.</em> Jumlah sampel 60 penderita diabetes melitus tipe 2 dengan <em>purposive sampling</em>, dibagi menjadi 2 kelompok yaitu kelompok perlakuan dan kelompok kontrol. Responden kelompok perlakuan diberikan intervensi <em>Buerger Allen exercise</em> sebanyak 12 kali  selama 15 hari.Penelitian dilakukan di wilayah Puskesmas Kecamatan Nganjuk.Data hasilpengukuran nilai <em>ankle brachial index</em>berupa ratio dan diuji statistik dengan <em>Paired Samples Test</em>. Didapatkan <em>p value</em> 0.001 untuk kelompok perlakuan (<em>p value</em>&lt; 0.05) yang menunjukkan bahwa adanya perubahan bermakna secara statistik nilai <em>ankle brachial index</em> sesudah melakukan <em>Buerger Allen exercise</em>. Dapat disimpulkan bahwa nilai <em>ankle brachial index</em>pada penderita diabetes melitus tipe 2 meningkat sesudah melakukan <em>Buerger Allen exercise</em>.</p><p> </p><p> <strong>Kata kunci :penderita diabetes melitus tipe2, <em>Buerger Allen Exercise, Ankle brachial index</em></strong></p><p> </p>

Efektifitas Emotional Freedom Technique (EFT) Terhadap Penurunan Tingkat Depresi Pada Lansia

2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 01
Author(s):  
Emy Sutiyarsih ◽  
Sr. Felisitas A Sri S
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Design ◽  
Geriatric Depression Scale ◽  
Depression Scale ◽  
Strong Relationship ◽  
Severe Case ◽  
Test Design ◽  
Geriatric Depression ◽  
Post Test ◽  
Scale Test ◽  
Elder People

Depression in eldery couldn’t be easily detected because physical complaint was more often than emotional complaint. In severe case, depression could cause suicidal behaviour (Irawan, 2013). Therefore, elderly need assistance to deal with depression, and Emotional Freedom Technique (EFT) is one of the solution. Research design is pre-experimental design, using pre-test and post-test design. Before intervention, Geriatric Depression Scale test were given to one group of elder people. EFT intervention were given two times for four weeks, and Geriatric Depression Scale test were tested after intervention. Population was elder people who fulfill inclusion criterias, and 30 elderly were obatained. The significancy result was 0,000 (α = 0,05), it could be inferred that EFT has a strong relationship to depression scale. EFT could significantly reduce depression scale in elderly, so it can bes used effectively.

Perbedaan Pengetahuan Siswa Tentang Penyakit Hepatitis A Sebelum Dan Sesudah Penyuluhan Di MTsN 02 Bondowoso Tahun 2015

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 14
Author(s):  
Putri Megasari
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis A ◽  
Hepatitis Virus ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Test Design ◽  
The World ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Post Test ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Paired T Test

Hepatitis has become a health problem in the world. The hepatitis virus infected many people. According to the teacher of MTsN 02 Bondowoso more than 20 students have hepatitis A viral infection. The purpose of this research was to know the differences of students' knowledge about hepatitis A before and after counseling in MTsN 02 Bondowoso 2015. This study used pre-experimental (pre-post test design). This study used stratified random sampling technique, 127 students from 270 sample involved this research,and 143 students was excluded. We used questionnaires to collect data. The results showed that the mean value of the students 'knowledge about hepatitis A before counseling in MTsN 02 Bondowoso 2015 was 83.96 with the lowest value of 37.5 and the highest value was 100. The mean value of the students' knowledge about hepatitis A after counseling in MTsN 02 Bondowoso 2015 was 93.21 with the lowest value waf 62.5 and the highest value was 100. Paired t test showed that t (-9.07) > t table (1.98), the null hypothesis (H0) was rejected. There was a difference between students' knowledge about hepatitis A before and after counseling in MTsN 02 Bondowoso 2015. This study showed that routine counseling by healthcare provider was important to prevent hepatitis A infection.; Keywords: counseling, knowledge of students, hepatitis

Foot Massage Menurunkan Nyeri Post Operasi Sectio Caesarea Pada Post Partum

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 164-170
Author(s):  
Dewi Nurlaela Sari ◽  
Aay Rumhaeni
Keyword(s):  
Daily Living ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Post Partum ◽  
Numeric Rating Scale ◽  
Sectio Caesarea ◽  
P Value ◽  
Test Design ◽  
Purposive Sampling ◽  
Post Test ◽  
Numeric Rating

ABSTRAK Sectio caesarea merupakan tindakan alternatif dalam proses persalinan untuk menyelamatkan ibu dan janin. Ibu Bersalin dengan operasi sectio caesarea dilakukan pembedahan pada dinding abdomen dan dinding rahim. Dampak yang paling sering muncul dirasakan oleh postpartum dengan post operasi sectio caesarea adalah  nyeri. Nyeri akan berdampak pada bounding attachment terganggu, mobilisasi terbatas, Activity Daily Living (ADL) terganggu serta berpengaruh  terhadap Inisiasi Menyusui Dini (IMD). Asuhan yang diberikan terbatas pada terapi farmakologi dibandingkan  non farmakologi. Foot massage adalah salah satu terapi non farmakologi yang dapat membantu menutup gerbang di posterior horns dari sumsum tulang belakang dan memblokir bagian dari nyeri ke sistem saraf pusat. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui pengaruh foot massage terhadap skala nyeri pada klien post operasi sectio caesarea di RS AMC. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian pre eksperimen dengan pendekatan one group pre test post test design. Jumlah sampel yang digunakan berjumlah 27 orang dengan menggunakan teknik purposive sampling. Instrumen yang digunakan adalah Numeric Rating Scale (NRS) dan prosedur kerja foot massage. Responden dilakukan foot massage selama 20 menit selama 2 hari. Data di analisis dengan menggunakan uji wilcoxon. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan lebih dari setengah klien post operasi sectio caesarea berada di skala nyeri 6 sebelum dilakukan foot massage dan hampir setengah memiliki skala nyeri 3 sesudah dilakukan foot massage dan didapatkan nilai p value = 0.000, sehingga disimpulkan ada pengaruh foot massage terhadap skala nyeri pada klien post operasi sectio caesarea. Diharapkan rumah sakit dapat menjadikan foot massage sebagai salah satu alternatif manajemen non farmakologi dalam penanganan nyeri.   Kata kunci: Foot Massage; Post Partum; Nyeri; Sectio Caesarea      

PENGARUH JALAN KAKI RINGAN 30 MENIT TERHADAP PENURUNAN KADAR GULA DARAH PADA LANSIA PENDERITA DIABETES MELITUS TIPE 2

2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 8-15
Author(s):  
Yitno Yitno ◽  
Asep Wahyu Riawan
Keyword(s):  
Test Design ◽  
Post Test ◽  
Wilcoxon Sign Rank ◽  
Diabetes Melitus

Seseorang dengan usia yang sudah tua akan mengalami penurunan fungsi organ tubuh, begitu pula dengan kepekaanya terhadap insulin. Data WHO tahun 2011 didapatkan jumlah penduduk dunia yang menderita Diabetes Militus meningkat setiap tahunnya, hal ini dikarenakan rendahnya pengetahuan dalam mengelola gaya hidup sehat oleh karna itu perlu dilakukan kegiatan untuk mengelola pola hidup lansia untuk menurunkan kadar gula darah. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui adanya pengaruh jalan kaki ringan 30 menit terhadap penurunan kadar gula darah pada lansia diabetes melitus tipe 2. Desain yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah pra eksperimen One-Group Pre-post Test Design. Populasi penelitian ini adalah lansia penderita diabetes melitus tipe 2 di Desa Dukuh yang  dilakukan pada 19 mei 2017, menggunakan tehnik purposive dengan total 24 responden. Pengambilan data dengan perlakuan jalan kaki ringan 30 menit. Kemudian data diolah dengan tehnik Editing, Coding, Scoring dan Tabulating dan diuji dengan statistik Wilcoxon Sign Rank Test.sebelum dilakukan perlakuan jalan kaki ringan 30 menit dari 24 responden Sebagian besar mempunyai kadar gula darah acak dalam kategori diabet yaitu 20 responden (83%), sesudah di lakukan perlakuan jalan kaki ringan 30 menit sebagian besar responden mempunyai kadar gula darah acak dalam kategori diabet yaitu 14 responden (58.3%). hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terdapat pengaruh latihan jalan kaki ringan  30 menit terhadap penurunan kadar gula darah pada lansia penderita diabetes melitus tipe 2 yang ditunjukkan dengan nilai p=0,000 dan α = 0,05 yang berarti nilai (p≤0,05).Oleh karena itu peneliti berpendapat bahwa pemberian perlakuan jalan kaki ringan 30 menit  sangat penting  bagi penderita diabetes melitus tipe 2 hal ini terbukti bisa menurunkan kadar gula darah pada penderita diabetes melitus.

EFEKTIVITAS BIMBINGAN KELOMPOK MELALUI TEKNIK BERMAIN PERAN DALAM MENINGKATKAN SIKAP PROSOSIAL PADA MAHASISWA BIMBINGAN DAN KONSELING SEMESTER 1 UNIVERSITAS PGRI YOGYAKARTA

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Taufik Agung Pranowo
Keyword(s):  
Test Design ◽  
Post Test

Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui efektivitas bimbingan kelompokdengan teknik bermain peran dalam meningkatkan sikap prososial pada mahasiswabimbingan dan konseling semester 1 Universitas PGRI Yogyakarta. Desain penelitian inimenggunakan penelitian eksperimen dengan metode one group pre test post test design,yaitu membandingkan antara hasil pre-test dan post-test. Hasil penelitian menunjukkanbahwa bimbingan kelompok melalui teknik bermain peran efektif meningkatkan sikapprososial pada mahasiswa bimbingan dan konseling semester 1 Universitas PGRIYogyakarta. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan angka 0,005 pada Asymp. Sig. (2-tailed) maka0,005 < 0,05. Melihat hasil tersebut maka bimbingan kelompok dengan teknik bermainperan efektif untuk meningkatkan prososial mahasiswa bimbingan dan konselingUniversitas PGRI Yogyakarta semester 1.Kata kunci: bimbingan, bermain peran, prososial

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