Between “Canon” and Library in Medieval Jewish Philosophical Thought

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 28-54
Author(s):  
Sarah Stroumsa
Keyword(s):  
Quantitative Method ◽  
Relative Importance ◽  
Medieval Philosophy ◽  
Philosophical Thought ◽  
Additional Information

A common methodological assumption is that the number of preserved manuscripts is a reliable indicative of a book’s popularity. Also common is the recourse to levels of popularity in determining the relative importance of each work in the so-called medieval Jewish “philosophical canon”. This paper argues that in the study of Jewish medieval philosophy the quantitative method is misleading. In the medieval world of Islam the double liminality of Jewish philosophers—as Jews, and as philosophers—determined the books they read, those they had in their possession, those they openly cited, and the differences between these categories. The manuscript evidence must therefore be complemented by additional information, gleaned from other sources. Rather than a fixed canon, the end-result should give us a reader-sensitive library: what did people read, who were the readers of particular books, and what books influenced their writings.

scholarly journals Some aspects of the authorship of the treatise “Xiao Jing”

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (5) ◽  
pp. 1279-1300
Author(s):  
Anastasia Yu. Blazhkina
Keyword(s):  
Present Article ◽  
Filial Piety ◽  
Russian Translation ◽  
Confucian Tradition ◽  
Comprehensive Understanding ◽  
High Significance ◽  
Philosophical Thought ◽  
Additional Information

The article deals with the authorship of the Confucian treatise Xiao Jing (“The Classic of Filial Piety”). Xiao Jing is one of the classical treatises that constitutes a part of the Confucian corpus Shisan Jing (“The Thirteen Classics”). This confirms the importance and high significance of this text for the traditional philosophical thought of China. The earliest mention of the title “Xiao Jing” was recorded in the work from the 3rd century BC, Lu shi chun qiu (“Spring and Autumn of Mr Liu”), which indicates the terminus ante quem non for the treatise Xiao Jing. According to some Russian scholars, the treatise Xiao Jing was compiled in the IV-II centuries BC. The Chinese scholarship acknowledges eight main versions of authorship, and therefore dating of Xiao Jing. The author stresses the importance to establish the authorship of the Xiao Jing treatise since this can be a piece of additional information for a comprehensive understanding of the philosophical heritage of the Confucian tradition of this text. After presenting an outline of the main versions of authorship of the Xiao Jing treatise, the author states that this issue can hardly be solved unambiguously. Therefore, this article can be considered as a preliminary essay for further research. The appendix offers a complete Russian translation of the Xiao Jing made by the author of the present article.

scholarly journals Identifying The Effective Factors for Cost Overrun and Time Delay in Water Construction Projects

2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 1062-1066 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Mirzai Matin
Keyword(s):  
Time Delay ◽  
Construction Projects ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Relative Importance ◽  
Cost Overrun ◽  
Weighting Method ◽  
Additional Information ◽  
Financial Difficulties ◽  
Questionnaire Form ◽  
The Government

Water construction projects in Iran frequently face problems which cause cost overrun and time delay, the two most common issues in construction projects in general. The objective of this survey is to identify and quantify these problems and thus help in avoiding them. This survey represents a collection of the most significant problems found in the literature, classified into 11 groups according to their source. The questionnaire form used contains 84 questions which were answered by random engineers who work in water construction projects. The Relative Importance Weight (RIW) method is used to weight the importance of each one of the 84 problems. The focus of this survey is on overall top ten issues which are: bureaucracy in bidding method, inflation, economical condition of the government, not enough information gathered and surveys done before design, monthly payment difficulties, material cost changes, law changes by the government, financial difficulties, mode of financing and payment for completed work and changes made by the owner. A section for each of these issues provides additional information about them. In the full text of this survey the same weighting method is used to classify the main groups, and the results show that issues related to the groups of government, owner and consultant has the most significant impact. The last part of this survey describes the point of view of the engineers who took part in this survey and the recommendations they made.

scholarly journals ISPY – NaCo Imaging Survey for Planets around Young stars

2019 ◽  
Vol 627 ◽  
pp. A77 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arianna Musso Barcucci ◽  
Ralf Launhardt ◽  
Grant M. Kennedy ◽  
Henning Avenhaus ◽  
Stefan S. Brems ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Planetary System ◽  
Young Stars ◽  
Relative Importance ◽  
Additional Information ◽  
The Third ◽  
Low Mass ◽  
Formation And Evolution ◽  
The Moment ◽  
M Dwarf ◽  
Disc Size

Context. The interaction between low-mass companions and the debris discs they reside in is still not fully understood. A debris disc can evolve due to self-stirring, a process in which planetesimals can excite their neighbours to the point of destructive collisions. In addition, the presence of a companion could further stir the disc (companion-stirring). Additional information is necessary to understand this fundamental step in the formation and evolution of a planetary system, and at the moment of writing only a handful of systems are known where a companion and a debris disc have both been detected and studied at the same time. Aims. Our primary goal is to augment the sample of these systems and to understand the relative importance between self-stirring and companion-stirring. Methods. In the course of the VLT/NaCo Imaging Survey for Planets around Young stars (ISPY), we observed HD 193571, an A0 debris disc hosting star at a distance of 68 pc with an age between ∼60 and 170 Myr. We obtained two sets of observations in L′ band and a third epoch in H band using the GPI instrument at Gemini-South. Results. A companion was detected in all three epochs at a projected separation of ∼11 au (∼0.17″), and co-motion was confirmed through proper motion analysis. Given the inferred disc size of 120 au, the companion appears to reside within the gap between the host star and the disc. Comparison between the L′ and H band magnitude and evolutionary tracks suggests a mass of ∼0.31 − 0.39 M⊙. Conclusions. We discovered a previously unknown M-dwarf companion around HD 193571, making it the third low-mass stellar object discovered within a debris disc. A comparison to self- and companion-stirring models suggests that the companion is likely responsible for the stirring of the disc.

Dynamic Stability of Externally Pressurized Gas Bearings

1980 ◽  
Vol 102 (4) ◽  
pp. 511-519 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Blondeel ◽  
R. Snoeys ◽  
L. Devrieze
Keyword(s):  
Feedback Loop ◽  
Dynamic Pressure ◽  
Loop Model ◽  
Relative Importance ◽  
Gas Bearings ◽  
Additional Information ◽  
Transit Times ◽  
Stability Chart ◽  
Thickness Variations ◽  
Pressure Changes

A feedback loop model is presented us to study instability phenomena in externally pressurized gas bearings. The main features in the theoretical analysis are the compressibility of the fluid and molecular transit times in the bearing gap. The proposed theory is based upon a separate handling of disturbances due to gap thickness variations and pressure changes. The analysis shows, that the dynamic pressure distribution in the gap plays an important role in the overall bearing stability. Comparisons between theoretical and experimental observations are highlighted; reference is made to Turnblade’s stability chart. The proposed analysis gives some additional information with regard to the relative importance of some bearing parameters.

Examining interactions between dingoes (wild dogs) and mesopredators: the need for caution when interpreting summary data from previously published work

2013 ◽  
Vol 35 (2) ◽  
pp. 248 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew W. Claridge
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Data ◽  
Experimental Work ◽  
Relative Importance ◽  
Feral Cats ◽  
Additional Information ◽  
Wild Dogs ◽  
Summary Data

Australian Mammalogy has recently published papers by Fleming et al. (2012) and Johnson and Ritchie (2013). While not diametrically opposed, these papers variously question the notion that wild dogs can help suppress and/or regulate the activity and abundance of foxes and feral cats. They examine the evidence, or lack thereof, for support of the hypothesis. In doing so, it is clear from both papers that (1) hard experimental data to support or refute the hypothesis are mostly lacking, and (2) supporting or refuting the hypothesis is largely contingent on analyses and reanalyses of correlative evidence. Johnson and Ritchie (2013) inadvertently misinterpreted the results of a third study but they were not privy to additional information from that work that does not support their view. The main purpose of this paper is to, first, point out that information, and, second, to argue that until further experimental work is conducted, continuing to define the role and relative importance of wild dogs in Australian landscapes and applying that knowledge in a management setting will be difficult.

Production of New and Revised A.A.V.S.O. Charts

1979 ◽  
Vol 46 ◽  
pp. 368
Author(s):  
Clinton B. Ford
Keyword(s):  
Variable Star ◽  
Standard Form ◽  
Original Data ◽  
University Of Pennsylvania ◽  
Standard Format ◽  
Additional Information ◽  
The Gift ◽  
The University

A “new charts program” for the Americal Association of Variable Star Observers was instigated in 1966 via the gift to the Association of the complete variable star observing records, charts, photographs, etc. of the late Prof. Charles P. Olivier of the University of Pennsylvania (USA). Adequate material covering about 60 variables, not previously charted by the AAVSO, was included in this original data, and was suitably charted in reproducible standard format.Since 1966, much additional information has been assembled from other sources, three Catalogs have been issued which list the new or revised charts produced, and which specify how copies of same may be obtained. The latest such Catalog is dated June 1978, and lists 670 different charts covering a total of 611 variables none of which was charted in reproducible standard form previous to 1966.

Convergent Beam Electron Diffraction

1978 ◽  
Vol 36 (3) ◽  
pp. 304-315
Author(s):  
G. Lehmpfuhl
Keyword(s):  
Electron Diffraction ◽  
Diffraction Pattern ◽  
Crystal Surface ◽  
Diffraction Spot ◽  
Crystal Thickness ◽  
Large Area ◽  
Electron Microscopic ◽  
Additional Information ◽  
Microscopic Investigations

Introduction In electron microscopic investigations of crystalline specimens the direct observation of the electron diffraction pattern gives additional information about the specimen. The quality of this information depends on the quality of the crystals or the crystal area contributing to the diffraction pattern. By selected area diffraction in a conventional electron microscope, specimen areas as small as 1 µ in diameter can be investigated. It is well known that crystal areas of that size which must be thin enough (in the order of 1000 Å) for electron microscopic investigations are normally somewhat distorted by bending, or they are not homogeneous. Furthermore, the crystal surface is not well defined over such a large area. These are facts which cause reduction of information in the diffraction pattern. The intensity of a diffraction spot, for example, depends on the crystal thickness. If the thickness is not uniform over the investigated area, one observes an averaged intensity, so that the intensity distribution in the diffraction pattern cannot be used for an analysis unless additional information is available.

Microtubule nucleation sequence studied by time-resolved x-ray scattering and electron microscopy

1983 ◽  
Vol 41 ◽  
pp. 766-767
Author(s):  
Eva-Maria Mandelkow ◽  
Eckhard Mandelkow ◽  
Joan Bordas
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Dynamic Equilibrium ◽  
Time Resolved ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Additional Information ◽  
X Ray Scattering ◽  
Low Concentrations ◽  
Microtubule Growth ◽  
Ray Patterns ◽  
Ray Scattering

When a solution of microtubule protein is changed from non-polymerising to polymerising conditions (e.g. by temperature jump or mixing with GTP) there is a series of structural transitions preceding microtubule growth. These have been detected by time-resolved X-ray scattering using synchrotron radiation, and they may be classified into pre-nucleation and nucleation events. X-ray patterns are good indicators for the average behavior of the particles in solution, but they are difficult to interpret unless additional information on their structure is available. We therefore studied the assembly process by electron microscopy under conditions approaching those of the X-ray experiment. There are two difficulties in the EM approach: One is that the particles important for assembly are usually small and not very regular and therefore tend to be overlooked. Secondly EM specimens require low concentrations which favor disassembly of the particles one wants to observe since there is a dynamic equilibrium between polymers and subunits.

Edge Penetration Effects in the Low-Loss Electron Image in the SEM

1988 ◽  
Vol 46 ◽  
pp. 202-203
Author(s):  
Oliver C. Wells
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscope ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscope ◽  
Beam Energy ◽  
Secondary Electron ◽  
Sharp Edge ◽  
Beam Diameter ◽  
Low Loss ◽  
Additional Information ◽  
Electron Image ◽  
Scanning Electron

The low-loss electron (LLE) image in the scanning electron microscope (SEM) is useful for the study of uncoated photoresist and some other poorly conducting specimens because it is less sensitive to specimen charging than is the secondary electron (SE) image. A second advantage can arise from a significant reduction in the width of the “penetration fringe” close to a sharp edge. Although both of these problems can also be solved by operating with a beam energy of about 1 keV, the LLE image has the advantage that it permits the use of a higher beam energy and therefore (for a given SEM) a smaller beam diameter. It is an additional attraction of the LLE image that it can be obtained simultaneously with the SE image, and this gives additional information in many cases. This paper shows the reduction in penetration effects given by the use of the LLE image.

Questions and Answers

2000 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 3-3
Author(s):  
Christopher R. Brigham ◽  
James B. Talmage
Keyword(s):  
Nervous System ◽  
Peripheral Nervous System ◽  
Spinal Nerve ◽  
Sensory Loss ◽  
Residual Symptoms ◽  
Additional Information ◽  
Questions And Answers ◽  
Motor Nerves ◽  
Symptoms And Signs ◽  
Limited Motion

Abstract Lesions of the peripheral nervous system (PNS), whether due to injury or illness, commonly result in residual symptoms and signs and, hence, permanent impairment. The AMA Guides to the Evaluation of Permanent Impairment (AMA Guides) describes procedures for rating upper extremity neural deficits in Chapter 3, The Musculoskeletal System, section 3.1k; Chapter 4, The Nervous System, section 4.4 provides additional information and an example. The AMA Guides also divides PNS deficits into sensory and motor and includes pain within the former. The impairment estimates take into account typical manifestations such as limited motion, atrophy, and reflex, trophic, and vasomotor deficits. Lesions of the peripheral nervous system may result in diminished sensation (anesthesia or hypesthesia), abnormal sensation (dysesthesia or paresthesia), or increased sensation (hyperesthesia). Lesions of motor nerves can result in weakness or paralysis of the muscles innervated. Spinal nerve deficits are identified by sensory loss or pain in the dermatome or weakness in the myotome supplied. The steps in estimating brachial plexus impairment are similar to those for spinal and peripheral nerves. Evaluators should take care not to rate the same impairment twice, eg, rating weakness resulting from a peripheral nerve injury and the joss of joint motion due to that weakness.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document