Articulatory Evidence for the Syllable-final Nasal Merging in Taiwan Mandarin

2020 ◽  
pp. 002383092094808
Author(s):  
Chenhao Chiu ◽  
Yu-An Lu
Keyword(s):  
Social Factors ◽  
3D Model ◽  
Model Simulations ◽  
Context Sensitive ◽  
Taiwan Mandarin ◽  
Merging Process

Syllable-final nasals /n/ and /ŋ/ in Taiwan Mandarin have been reported to be undergoing merging. Perceptual studies have reported that the alleged merging is context-sensitive and the merging directions are vowel-dependent. These findings have been mostly attributed to dialectal and social factors. The current study uses ultrasonography to capture postures of the entire tongue during the production of syllable-final nasals. The results, though confirming previous findings that the merging directions of syllable-final nasals are vowel-dependent, are best accounted for by the biomechanics of the tongue, as supported by computational 3D model simulations. Furthermore, for some speakers, although nasals were merged in terms of tongue posture, the degrees of nasalization of the preceding vowel were contrastive, suggesting that the merging process may be incomplete.

scholarly journals Using Multi-Sensory and Multi-Dimensional Immersive Virtual Reality in Participatory Planning

Urban Science ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 34
Author(s):  
Mahbubur Meenar ◽  
Jennifer Kitson
Keyword(s):  
Virtual Reality ◽  
Focus Group ◽  
Spatial Planning ◽  
3D Model ◽  
Emotional Responses ◽  
Digital Technologies ◽  
Participatory Planning ◽  
Immersive Virtual Reality ◽  
Model Simulations ◽  
The Impact

In the last two decades, urban planners have embraced digital technologies to complement traditional public participation processes; research on the impact of smarter digital instruments, such as immersive virtual reality (IVR), however, is scant. We recruited 40 focus group participants to explore various formats of spatial planning scenario simulations in Glassboro, NJ, USA. Our study finds that the level of participation, memory recalls of scenarios, and emotional responses to design proposals are higher with multi-sensory and multi-dimensional IVR simulations than with standard presentations such as 2D videos of 3D model simulations, coupled with verbal presentations. We also discuss the limitations of IVR technology to assist urban planning practitioners in evaluating its potential in their own participatory planning efforts.

scholarly journals Comparison of ADCP observations and 3D model simulations of turbulence at a tidal energy site

2017 ◽  
Vol 114 ◽  
pp. 273-282 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Togneri ◽  
Matt Lewis ◽  
Simon Neill ◽  
Ian Masters
Keyword(s):  
3D Model ◽  
Tidal Energy ◽  
Model Simulations ◽  
Adcp Observations

scholarly journals Active diffusion in oocytes nonspecifically centers large objects during prophase I and meiosis I

2020 ◽  
Vol 219 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexandra Colin ◽  
Gaëlle Letort ◽  
Nitzan Razin ◽  
Maria Almonacid ◽  
Wylie Ahmed ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
3D Model ◽  
Experimental Measurements ◽  
Test Model ◽  
Effective Pressure ◽  
Chromosome Movement ◽  
Model Simulations ◽  
Model Predictions ◽  
Biased Diffusion ◽  
Passive Tracers ◽  
Meiosis I

Nucleus centering in mouse oocytes results from a gradient of actin-positive vesicle activity and is essential for developmental success. Here, we analyze 3D model simulations to demonstrate how a gradient in the persistence of actin-positive vesicles can center objects of different sizes. We test model predictions by tracking the transport of exogenous passive tracers. The gradient of activity induces a centering force, akin to an effective pressure gradient, leading to the centering of oil droplets with velocities comparable to nuclear ones. Simulations and experimental measurements show that passive particles subjected to the gradient exhibit biased diffusion toward the center. Strikingly, we observe that the centering mechanism is maintained in meiosis I despite chromosome movement in the opposite direction; thus, it can counteract a process that specifically off-centers the spindle. In conclusion, our findings reconcile how common molecular players can participate in the two opposing functions of chromosome centering versus off-centering.

scholarly journals The Impact of Dimensionality on Barotropic Processes during KWAJEX

2017 ◽  
Vol 74 (8) ◽  
pp. 2675-2688 ◽  
Author(s):  
Huiyan Xu ◽  
Xiaofan Li
Keyword(s):  
Kinetic Energy ◽  
3D Model ◽  
Model Simulation ◽  
Vertical Transport ◽  
Model Simulations ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Horizontal Momentum ◽  
2D And 3D ◽  
The Impact ◽  
2D Model

Abstract In this study, the 2D and 3D cloud-resolving model simulations of the Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission (TRMM) Kwajalein Experiment (KWAJEX) are compared to study the impact of dimensionality on barotropic processes during tropical convective development. Barotropic conversion of perturbation kinetic energy is associated with vertical transport of horizontal momentum under vertical shear of background horizontal winds. The similarities in both 2D and 3D model simulations show that 1) vertical wind shear is a necessary condition for barotropic conversion, but it does not control the barotropic conversion; 2) the evolution of barotropic conversion is related to that of the vertical transport of horizontal momentum; and 3) the tendency of vertical transport of horizontal momentum is mainly determined by the covariance between horizontal wind and the cloud hydrometeor component of buoyancy. The differences between the 2D and 3D model simulations reveal that 1) the barotropic conversion has shorter time scales and a larger contribution in the 2D model simulation than in the 3D model simulation and 2) kinetic energy is generally converted from the mean circulations to perturbation circulations in the 3D model simulation. In contrast, more kinetic energy is transferred from perturbation circulations to the mean circulations in the 2D model simulation. The same large-scale vertical velocity may account for the similarities, whereas the inclusion of meridional winds in the 3D model simulation may be responsible for the differences in barotropic conversion between the 2D and 3D model simulations.

scholarly journals Climates of Warm Earth-like Planets. I. 3D Model Simulations

2018 ◽  
Vol 239 (2) ◽  
pp. 24 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. J. Way ◽  
Anthony D. Del Genio ◽  
Igor Aleinov ◽  
Thomas L. Clune ◽  
Maxwell Kelley ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
3D Model ◽  
Model Simulations ◽  
Earth Like Planets

Water supply of Bologna (Italy) by Roman aqueduct: history, morphology and hydraulic, from ancient time to nowadays

2010 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 554-560
Author(s):  
Renato Drusiani ◽  
Giancarlo Leoni ◽  
Danilo Demaria ◽  
Nicoletta Lembo
Keyword(s):  
Mathematical Model ◽  
Drinking Water ◽  
Water Supply ◽  
Water Level ◽  
3D Model ◽  
Working Condition ◽  
New Era ◽  
Model Simulations ◽  
Ancient Time ◽  
Tunnel Section

A brief description of the geomorphological, historical, and archaeological aspects of the ancient Bononia (now Bologna) supply by means of an ancient tunnel made by Romans at the beginning of the new, era and its evolution to a nowadays when it's already used (13%) to assure drinking water supply of Bologna Town. Recent exploration of the tunnel has permitted to obtain most data of ancient water level signs and size of tunnel section in the different conditions. New data obtained by this exploration allow to build a CAD 3D model of the tunnel and in this way it was possible to calculate the realistic flow of the ancient tunnel. Mathematical model simulations indicate the effectiveness of the ancient tunnel in achieving these objectives in working condition and during the periodical maintenance.

Neuropsychology in the Real World

2014 ◽  
Vol 25 (4) ◽  
pp. 233-238 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martin Peper ◽  
Simone N. Loeffler
Keyword(s):  
Neuropsychological Assessment ◽  
Real World ◽  
Ecological Validity ◽  
Real Life ◽  
Emotional States ◽  
Context Sensitive ◽  
Traditional Assessment ◽  
Life Data ◽  
Real Life Data ◽  
Assessment And Treatment

Current ambulatory technologies are highly relevant for neuropsychological assessment and treatment as they provide a gateway to real life data. Ambulatory assessment of cognitive complaints, skills and emotional states in natural contexts provides information that has a greater ecological validity than traditional assessment approaches. This issue presents an overview of current technological and methodological innovations, opportunities, problems and limitations of these methods designed for the context-sensitive measurement of cognitive, emotional and behavioral function. The usefulness of selected ambulatory approaches is demonstrated and their relevance for an ecologically valid neuropsychology is highlighted.

Domestic Integration and Suicide in the Provinces of Canada

Crisis ◽  
1999 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 59-63 ◽  
Author(s):  
Antoon A. Leenaars ◽  
David Lester
Keyword(s):  
Social Factors ◽  
Positive Association ◽  
Negative Association ◽  
Birth Rates ◽  
Marriage Rates ◽  
Suicide Rates ◽  
The Social ◽  
Divorce Rates ◽  
Low Levels ◽  
Over Time

Canada's rate of suicide varies from province to province. The classical theory of suicide, which attempts to explain the social suicide rate, stems from Durkheim, who argued that low levels of social integration and regulation are associated with high rates of suicide. The present study explored whether social factors (divorce, marriage, and birth rates) do in fact predict suicide rates over time for each province (period studied: 1950-1990). The results showed a positive association between divorce rates and suicide rates, and a negative association between birth rates and suicide rates. Marriage rates showed no consistent association, an anomaly as compared to research from other nations.

Illness Perception and Its Changes During Six Months After Cardiac Rehabilitation

2019 ◽  
Vol 26 (3) ◽  
pp. 90-100
Author(s):  
Justė Lukoševičiūtė ◽  
Kastytis Šmigelskas
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
Social Factors ◽  
Nyha Class ◽  
Illness Perception ◽  
Heart Association ◽  
Class Iii ◽  
Cognitive Representations ◽  
Coronary Syndrome ◽  
Type D ◽  
New York Heart Association

Abstract. Illness perception is a concept that reflects patients' emotional and cognitive representations of disease. This study assessed the illness perception change during 6 months in 195 patients (33% women and 67% men) with acute coronary syndrome, taking into account the biological, psychological, and social factors. At baseline, more threatening illness perception was observed in women, persons aged 65 years or more, with poorer functional capacity (New York Heart Association [NYHA] class III or IV) and comorbidities ( p < .05). Type D personality was the only independent factor related to more threatening illness perception (βs = 0.207, p = .006). At follow-up it was found that only self-reported cardiovascular impairment plays the role in illness perception change (βs = 0.544, p < .001): patients without impairment reported decreasing threats of illness, while the ones with it had a similar perception of threat like at baseline. Other biological, psychological, and social factors were partly associated with illness perception after an acute cardiac event but not with perception change after 6 months.

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