Staying in or switching between permanent, temporary and self-employment during 2008–2010: Associations with changing job characteristics and emotional exhaustion

2018 ◽  
Vol 40 (2) ◽  
pp. 215-237 ◽  
Author(s):  
Claudia Bernhard-Oettel ◽  
Constanze Leineweber ◽  
Hugo Westerlund
Keyword(s):  
Labour Market ◽  
Life Quality ◽  
Strain Differences ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Job Characteristics ◽  
The Self ◽  
Temporary Workers ◽  
Self Employment ◽  
Economic Downturns ◽  
Before And After

Labour market segmentation theories suggest that permanent and temporary workers are exposed to economic risks to different degrees, and differ in their working life quality and well-being. However, few studies have tested these ideas during times of economic crisis. Also, little is known about how the self-employed compare to permanent and temporary workers and are affected by economic downturns. This study investigated Swedish workers in different labour market segments before and after the financial crisis (2008 and 2010). More specifically, it looked at job characteristics and strain differences between permanent, temporary and self-employed workers. Data ( N = 6335) came from SLOSH, a longitudinal representative cohort study of the Swedish workforce. Contradicting segmentation theories, differences between permanent and temporary workers were small. The self-employed stood out with favourable job characteristics, but comparable strain levels. During the crisis, work demands and strain declined for many of the workers studied here.

In times of uncertainty: do temporary workers have the intention and willingness to become entrepreneurs?

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sílvia Fernandes Costa ◽  
António Caetano ◽  
Susana Correia Santos
Keyword(s):  
Labour Market ◽  
The Self ◽  
Entrepreneurial Intentions ◽  
Temporary Workers ◽  
Self Perception ◽  
Self Employment ◽  
Career Option ◽  
Entrepreneurial Competencies ◽  
Entrepreneurial Activities ◽  
Different Levels

Temporary workers are an increasingly representative group in the labour market. They work in precarious situations and are aware that stability and predictability of employment are no longer guaranteed. Entrepreneurship may be an alternative for these workers, even in the form of self-employment. The purpose of this study is to analyse the entrepreneurial intentions and the willingness to consider entrepreneurship as a career option by temporary workers. Specifically, we aim to analyse the self-perception of entrepreneurial competencies of a group of temporary workers. Drawing from our results we conclude that the self-perception of different levels of entrepreneurial competencies is associated with different intentions and willingness to considering entrepreneurship as a career option. This study is a first step in understanding how temporary workers in a changing labour market perceive entrepreneurship as well as their skills to engage in entrepreneurial activities as a career option.

De ontmythologisering van de zzp-trend

2011 ◽  
Vol 27 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ronald Dekker ◽  
Lian Kösters
Keyword(s):  
Multivariate Analysis ◽  
Educational Attainment ◽  
Labour Market ◽  
Individual Characteristics ◽  
The Self ◽  
Policy Options ◽  
Relative Probability ◽  
Labour Relation ◽  
Self Employment ◽  
Employment Security

The demythologization of the self-employment trend The demythologization of the self-employment trend In this article we investigate which factors contribute to the growth of the number of self-employed workers and which factors cause a decrease in that number. On the basis of this analysis we make inferences about the probability of continued growth. The factors that contribute to growth and decrease are derived from the available literature and are put into practice in a multivariate analysis, in which a comprehensive set of individual characteristics is used to explain the relative probability of becoming a self-employed worker. From the analysis we can conclude that the relative probability to become a self-employed worker is influenced primarily by age, gender and educational attainment. On the basis of the analysis and the literature we conclude that the growth in the number of self-employed workers is likely to continue, though not to the extent where self-employment is the standard labour relation on the Dutch labour market. However, the growth in self-employment does mean that an increasing number of workers are facing lower levels of income and employment security. A number of policy options to deal with these problems is discussed.

Rural finance and aquaculture.

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Md. Rahman
Keyword(s):  
Well Being ◽  
The Self ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Rural Poor ◽  
Rural Finance ◽  
Self Employment ◽  
Employment Sector ◽  
Rural Aquaculture ◽  
Lending Institutions ◽  
Micro Credit

Abstract The aquaculture sector in Bangladesh has made an enormous and often under-recognized contribution to the well being of the nation; around 2 million t of food fish are produced for local consumption and export earnings. The sector is in transition from subsistence to a commercially oriented sector. Financing of aquaculture and other aquaculture-related activities has not yet attracted enough interest from banks and other money lending institutions in Bangladesh. To ensure the necessary credit flow to the aquaculture sector for dynamic growth, an annual programme-based credit monitoring support has been necessary. The rural aquaculture financial system is fragmented and does not meet the lending and saving needs of the rural poor. Commercial banks and other financial institutions have not responded significantly to the self-employment initiatives of the rural poor and to small-scale aquaculture farmers. The large numbers of micro-credit operating NGOs have played an important role in aquaculture with remarkable success. The disbursement and recovery of micro-credit support by NGOs in the self-employment sector is about twice as large as the disbursement of aquaculture credit by banks (BB, 2003).

scholarly journals The relationship between financial distress and well-being: Exploring the role of self-employment

2020 ◽  
pp. 026624262096538
Author(s):  
Jenny Berrill ◽  
Damien Cassells ◽  
Martha O’Hagan-Luff ◽  
André van Stel
Keyword(s):  
Financial Distress ◽  
Employment Status ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Negative Association ◽  
Econometric Analysis ◽  
The Self ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
Self Employment ◽  
The Relationship

This article investigate the relationship between financial distress, well-being and employment status. Using several indicators of financial distress and of well-being, our econometric analysis shows that the negative association between financial distress and well-being is moderated by employment status in the sense that financial problems are more strongly associated with poor well-being for the self-employed compared to the wage-employed. Hence, when self-employed workers find themselves in a situation of financial distress, the negative consequences for their well-being are more severe. This is found to hold both for the self-employed with and without employees.

Feasibility, Acceptability, and Preliminary Efficacy of an App-Based Meditation Intervention to Improve Firefighter Well-Being During and After the COVID-19 Pandemic (Preprint)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thaddeus W W Pace ◽  
Katharine H Zeiders ◽  
Stephanie Cook ◽  
Evelyn Sarsar ◽  
Lindsay T Hoyt ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Negative Affect ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Well Being ◽  
The Self ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Occupational Stressors ◽  
Objective Indicator ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Anxiety Depression ◽  
Insight Into

BACKGROUND Firefighters are often exposed to occupational stressors that can result in psychological distress. These occupational stressors have only intensified with the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic and will likely persist in the post-pandemic world. OBJECTIVE To address occupational stressors confronting firefighters and to improve their well-being, we pilot tested a novel, cost-effective smartphone-based meditation intervention created by Healthy Minds Innovations (Madison, WI) that focused on trainings in mindfulness (awareness) along with practices designed to cultivate positive relationships (connection), insight into the nature of the self (insight), as well as sense of purpose in the context of challenge (purpose) with a sample of professional firefighters from a large metropolitan area in the southwestern United States. METHODS Participants (N = 35) completed the self-guided, 10-unit meditation app over the course of 10 days, with one unit per day. We assessed several aspects of psychological well-being (anxiety, depression, burnout, and negative affect) and an objective indicator of stress-related biology, saliva diurnal cortisol rhythm, before and after use of the meditation app. RESULTS The study demonstrated the meditation app was both feasible and acceptable for use with firefighters. We also found significant reductions in firefighters’ anxiety, burnout, and negative affect, as well as changes in cortisol diurnal rhythm from before to after use of the meditation app. CONCLUSIONS Findings support future research to demonstrate efficacy of this meditation app to improve firefighter well-being.

scholarly journals Self-Reflected Well-Being via a Smartphone App in Clinical Medical Students: Feasibility Study (Preprint)

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elizabeth K Berryman ◽  
Daniel J Leonard ◽  
Andrew R Gray ◽  
Ralph Pinnock ◽  
Barry Taylor
Keyword(s):  
Medical Students ◽  
Data Collection ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Primary Objective ◽  
The Self ◽  
Smartphone App ◽  
Free Text ◽  
Undergraduate Medical Students ◽  
Negative Experiences ◽  
Before And After

BACKGROUND Well-being in medical students has become an area of concern, with a number of studies reporting high rates of clinical depression, anxiety, burnout, and suicidal ideation in this population. OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to increase awareness of well-being in medical students by using a smartphone app. The primary objective of this study was to determine the validity and feasibility of the Particip8 app for student self-reflected well-being data collection. METHODS Undergraduate medical students of the Dunedin School of Medicine were recruited into the study. They were asked to self-reflect daily on their well-being and to note what experiences they had encountered during that day. Qualitative data were also collected both before and after the study in the form of focus groups and “free-text” email surveys. All participants consented for the data collected to be anonymously reported to the medical faculty. RESULTS A total of 29 participants (69%, 20/29 female; 31%, 9/29 male; aged 21-30 years) were enrolled, with overall median compliance of 71% at the study day level. The self-reflected well-being scores were associated with both positive and negative experiences described by the participants, with most negative experiences associated with around 20% lower well-being scores for that day; the largest effect being “receiving feedback that was not constructive or helpful,” and the most positive experiences associated with around 20% higher scores for that day. CONCLUSIONS The study of daily data collection via the Particip8 app was found to be feasible, and the self-reflected well-being scores showed validity against participant’s reflections of experiences during that day.

scholarly journals The Self-employment of Women in Azerbaijan

2021 ◽  
Vol 25 (2) ◽  
pp. 171-190
Author(s):  
Krystyna Gomółka ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Labour Market ◽  
21St Century ◽  
Freedom Of Expression ◽  
The Self ◽  
Financial Policy ◽  
Self Employment ◽  
Employment Of Women ◽  
Set Up ◽  
The Unemployed ◽  
Secular State

Azerbaijan has a population of more than 10 million, of which women accounted for 50% in 2020. At the same time, 93% of Azerbaijan’s citizens describe themselves as Muslims. Since the beginning of independence, Azerbaijan has been a secular state by virtue of Article 48 of the Constitution, which guarantees the freedom of worship, choice, or nonpractice of religion and the freedom of expression of one’s own views on religion. This article aims to assess the changes in the self-employment of women in Azerbaijan through a deductive analysis of data and observation of changes in the structure of resources based on generally available macroeconomic data. This study focuses on the situation of women on the Azerbaijani labour market over the two decades of the 21st century. The numbers of economically active women, including those in employment and the unemployed, and economically inactive women are specified. Further, the government’s legal and financial policy in respect of women’s self-employment is analysed. The author determines what percentage of companies were set up by women and in which sectors and locations.

scholarly journals Social protection for the self-employed in the UK: the disappearing contributions increase

2019 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
pp. 235-251
Author(s):  
Fran Bennett
Keyword(s):  
Labour Market ◽  
Social Protection ◽  
The Self ◽  
Individual State ◽  
Tax Revenues ◽  
Self Employment ◽  
National Insurance ◽  
The Uk ◽  
Parental Benefits ◽  
Recent Government

A recent government proposal to increase national insurance contributions for the self-employed in the UK, in return for improved pensions and potentially also parental benefits, was immediately reversed. This article analyses the reasons behind this about-turn, linking them to tensions between the goals of thwarting ‘bogus’ self-employment and increasing tax revenues versus commitment to a higher wage, lower tax, lower welfare economy. The analysis is set in the context of the singularity of the UK system in relation to much social protection in continental Europe, and wider debates about the roles of individual, state and labour market in providing security.

Self-Employment Experiences of Young Graduates: New Forms of Professional (in)Dependence

2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 97
Author(s):  
Ana Paula Marques
Keyword(s):  
Labour Market ◽  
Public Universities ◽  
Research Evidence ◽  
The Self ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Economic Insecurity ◽  
Labour Relations ◽  
Self Employment ◽  
Market Opportunities ◽  
Individual Choices

In recent decades, self-employment has been considered a central issue regarding labour market opportunities and individual choices. However, self-employment experiences of young graduates reveal increasing insecurity that characterises the precariousness of current labour relations. In this paper, we intend to reflect critically on the concepts of self-employment, entrepreneurship/creation of businesses, taking into account the main arguments arising from the crisis of employment regulations. This paper aims to support in some research evidence based on an extensive survey applied in two public universities in Portugal (N 1004). Our focus will be on personal profiles of self-employed graduates, as well as the "oppositions" which structure their professional relations of independence/ dependence. In this regard, it is suggested that we are witnessing a reconfiguration of the professional patterns of transition from higher education into the labour market which integrate traits of individualisation and autonomy as well as uncertainty and vulnerability. However, for a comprehensive approach to the self-employment thematic, additional research is still needed in order to shed further light on the understanding of the labour market as one of the main facets of social and socio-economic insecurity and risks in contemporary European societies.

scholarly journals Workplace Situation and Well-Being of Ecuadorian Self-Employed

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 1892
Author(s):  
Nuria Ceular-Villamandos ◽  
Virginia Navajas-Romero ◽  
Lorena Caridad y López del Río ◽  
Lucia Zita Zambrano-Santos
Keyword(s):  
Well Being ◽  
The Self ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Workplace Satisfaction ◽  
Labor Control ◽  
Job Demand ◽  
Self Employment ◽  
Novel Coronavirus ◽  
Demand Control ◽  
Psychological Demands

Due to novel coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19), the labor market is going to undergo a profound restructuring. The creation of a new labor paradigm by all stakeholders is essential. This document contributes to the current political and social debates about self-employment, the need for economic growth, and how these labor measures, which are deeply institutionalized, need a change of attitude for an adequate job reconstruction in terms of welfare and sustainability. Currently, policy makers are proposing actions and policies because the new labor paradigm is being designed in the countries of Latin America. This research aims to analyze the JDCS model (Job Demand-Control-Support) and well-being in the self-employed in Ecuador. Unlike previous studies, this research takes a comprehensive approach by considering this theoretical model and the figure of the self-employed in terms of well-being. The logistic model, using cases of more than one thousand workers, generated estimated results that indicate the existence of a significant effect of physical and psychological demands at work on the balance between well-being and the management of angry clients; the speed of execution; and the complexity of the tasks. Regarding labor control, the ability to solve problems and make decisions for the company are detected as influencing factors; finally, social support is another factor influencing global well-being for the self-employed. These results show that with an effective management of the self-employed labor environment, it is possible to achieve an adequate level of workplace satisfaction.

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