How do relationship desire and sociability relate to each other among singles? Longitudinal analysis of the Pairfam survey

2020 ◽  
Vol 37 (8-9) ◽  
pp. 2634-2650
Author(s):  
Elyakim Kislev
Keyword(s):  
Longitudinal Analysis ◽  
Intimate Relationships ◽  
Lower Degree ◽  
Panel Analysis ◽  
Relative Importance ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Never Married ◽  
Longitudinal Methods ◽  
Social Satisfaction ◽  
Social Lives

This study examines the effect of relationship desire on singles’ social lives and vice versa. Based on the German-based Panel Analysis of Intimate Relationships and Family Dynamics study, never-married singles and divorced singles were analyzed. Cross-sectional results showed a correlation between the extent to which singles desire relationship and both the relative importance of friendships and overall social satisfaction. Further analysis, using longitudinal methods, showed that the move to a lower degree of relationship desire had a significant effect on the relative importance of friends. Furthermore, both higher levels of the relative importance of friends and social satisfaction are negatively correlated with relationship desire. These results clarify previous studies and point to the fact that singles with low relationship desire are more social and derive greater support from their friends.

scholarly journals Analysing Transitions in Intimate Relationships with Panel Data

2021 ◽  
Vol 46 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Feldhaus ◽  
Richard Preetz
Keyword(s):  
Panel Data ◽  
Intimate Relationships ◽  
Union Formation ◽  
Special Issue ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Demographic Research ◽  
Longitudinal Methods ◽  
Causal Mechanisms ◽  
Over Time

Panel data on intimate relationships are becoming increasingly available, enabling a closer examination and deeper understanding of why and how they develop over time. The aim of this review is to illustrate to what extent demographic research has made progress in understanding the dynamics of intimate relationships by examining panel data. We focus on hypotheses about key transitions throughout the progression of intimate relationships, ranging from union formation up to cohabitation, marriage, divorce and repartnering. For every hypothesis, we will present findings from cross-sectional data and illustrate whether the use of panel data and longitudinal methods modified the previous understandings of transitions in intimate relationships. * This article belongs to a special issue on "Identification of causal mechanisms in demographic research: The contribution of panel data".

scholarly journals Kinderkosten und Familiengründung: Erste Befunde einer Prüfung der Neuen Haushaltsökonomie unter Verwendung von Paardaten

2010 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 109-129
Author(s):  
Daniela Klaus
Keyword(s):  
Intimate Relationships ◽  
Educational Level ◽  
Opportunity Cost ◽  
Family Dynamics ◽  
Family Formation ◽  
Male Partner ◽  
Panel Analysis ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Second Child ◽  
Using Data

The aim of this contribution is to examine basic implications of the New Home Economics (NHE) with respect to family formation using data from couples. This investigation extends the multitude of empirical applications of the NHE in two ways: First, the often neglected income hypothesis is tested simultaneously to the prominent opportunity cost hypothesis. Second, child-related costs are measured directly rather than assumed from individual’s socio-economic position since they were indicated by the respondent’s individual perception. Within a pre-study of the German Panel Analysis of Intimate Relationships and Family Dynamics a sub-sample of 237 couples was conducted in 2006. Due to the cross-sectional nature of the data and the limited validity of some indices the findings are only of preliminary character. They suggest only a moderate confirmation of the NHE. At least, some evidence is provided for the opportunity cost hypothesis. The higher woman’s educational level the higher her job related opportunity costs which finally decrease the likelihood of the first birth. No evidence is found with respect to the income hypothesis as man’s positive educational effect on family formation seems not to be mediated by the direct childrelated costs perceived by his female partner. Counterevidence is also related to the costs perceived by the male partner as they are not only independent of the educational level but also irrelevant in terms of family formation. Zusammenfassung Am Beispiel der Familiengründung wird die empirische Relevanz der Neuen Haushaltsökonomie (NHE) untersucht. Dabei geht dieser Beitrag in zweierlei Hinsicht über die übliche Anwendung dieses Ansatzes hinaus: Einerseits wird, parallel zur Opportunitätenkostenhypothese, die oft vernachlässigte Einkommenshypothese berücksichtigt. Andererseits wird das in diesem Erklärungszusammenhang zentrale Konzept der Kinderkosten nicht, wie üblich, über bildungs- oder erwerbsbezogene Indikatoren operationalisiert, sondern über die subjektive Einschätzung der persönlichen Relevanz unterschiedlicher Kostenaspekte von Elternschaft. Die Analyse basiert auf Daten von 237 Paaren, die im Rahmen einer Vorstudie des Projektes Panel Analysis of Intimate Relationships and Family Dynamics 2006 erhoben worden sind. Die angesichts des Querschnittscharakters der Daten sowie der eingeschränkten Validität einiger Indikatoren vorläufigen Ergebnisse lassen sich allenfalls als mittelmäßige Bestätigung der NHE interpretieren. Zumindest gewisse Unterstützung erfährt die Opportunitätenkostenhypothese: Mit zunehmender Bildung der Frau steigen die von ihr wahrgenommenen Opportunitätenkosten, was die Wahrscheinlichkeit der Familiengründung herabsetzt. Auch die von der Frau angegebenen direkten Kosten, die mit dem Bildungsniveau ihres Partners sinken, beeinflussen die Erstgeburt negativ, was zunächst für die Einkommenshypothese spricht. Allerdings kann nicht bestätigt werden, dass dieser positive Bildungseffekt seine Wirksamkeit über die Kinderkosten erlangt. Schließlich erweisen sich die von den Männern wahrgenommenen Kinderkosten weder als bildungsabhängig noch haben sie einen Einfluss auf die Familiengründung.

Reduced relationship desire is associated with better life satisfaction for singles in Germany: An analysis of pairfam data

2021 ◽  
pp. 026540752110050
Author(s):  
Elyakim Kislev
Keyword(s):  
Life Satisfaction ◽  
Intimate Relationships ◽  
Panel Analysis ◽  
Regression Analyses ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Never Married ◽  
Demographic Groups ◽  
Data Analyses ◽  
The Face ◽  
Single Regression

This research estimates the extent to which life satisfaction of singles is influenced by their desire to be single. Regression analyses on data from the Panel Analysis of Intimate Relationships and Family Dynamics (pairfam) studies are used to investigate this question, paying particular attention to longitudinal differences between never-married and divorced/separated men and women. Panel data analyses between different waves of the pairfam data indicate that decreases in desires for a relationship are significantly associated with greater life satisfaction. These patterns hold for all but one of the demographic groups investigated (divorced/separated men). The results are used to suggest how many singles may be able to maintain high levels of life satisfaction in the face of social stigmata.

Who Should Care for Our Children?

2006 ◽  
Vol 27 (5) ◽  
pp. 652-684 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lisa N. Hickman
Keyword(s):  
Child Care ◽  
Social Skills ◽  
Parental Care ◽  
Longitudinal Analysis ◽  
First Graders ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Care Experience ◽  
Longitudinal Methods ◽  
Center Care ◽  
Sectional Analysis

The issue of child care is still widely debated, with some scholars arguing that children fare best in parental care, whereas others suggest center care may enhance children's development. Using the Early Childhood Longitudinal Study—Kindergarten Cohort of 1998 to 1999, the author demonstrates how the use of cross-sectional versus longitudinal analysis results in different conclusions regarding types of care. Cross-sectional analysis indicates that children who had been in center care the year prior to kindergarten exhibited advanced math and reading skills over their parental care counterparts but poorer peer-related social skills net of background controls. However, employing longitudinal analysis that controls for fall test scores of kindergartners and first graders shows that the cognitive effects of center care do not persist and that some social skills actually deteriorate. Longitudinal analyses more successfully isolate the effect of child care than do cross-sectional analyses, and models employing longitudinal methods suggest that children benefit less from the center care experience than previously thought.

Association between the FINDRISC score and the risk of metabolic syndrome and hepatic steatosis

2020 ◽  
Vol 41 (Supplement_2) ◽  
Author(s):  
D Godoi Bernardes Da Silva ◽  
R Dias Santos ◽  
M Sommer Bittencourt ◽  
J.A.M Carvalho ◽  
M Franken ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Hepatic Steatosis ◽  
Longitudinal Analysis ◽  
Metabolic Diseases ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Predictive Values ◽  
Cross Sectional Analysis ◽  
The Cross ◽  
Sectional Analysis

Abstract Introduction The Finnish Diabetes Risk Score (FINDRISC) was developed in Europe to predict type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) risk without need of laboratory tests. Small cross-sectional studies analyzed the association between RF with metabolic syndrome (MS) or hepatic steatosis (HS). Our objective was to test the association of FINDRISC with MS or HS, in a transversal and longitudinal way. Methods In 41,668 individuals (age 41.9±9.7 years; 30.8% women) who underwent health evaluation between 2008 and 2016 in a single centre in Brazil, we tested the transversal association between FINDRISC and MS or HS, in multivariate models. The same analyzes were performed longitudinally in non-diabetic subgroups, followed for 5±3 years, to test the predictive value of FINDRISC and the incidental risk of MS (n=10,075 individuals) or HS (n=7,097 individuals), using logistic regression. Models were adjusted for confounders such as sex, use of medications for dyslipidemia, smoking, and baseline plasma levels of glucose, creatinine and lipids. A receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was used to evaluate the discriminative and predictive values of FINDRISC for MS and HS. Results In the cross-sectional analysis, 2,252 (5%) individuals had MS and 14,176 (34%) HS. In the longitudinal analysis, there were 302 cases of incidental MS (2%) and 1,096 cases of HS (15%). FINDRISC was independently associated with MS and HS in the cross-sectional analysis (respectively, OR 1.27, 95% CI: 1.25–1.28, P<0.001; and OR 1.21, 95% CI: 1.20–1.22, P<0.001, per FINDRISC unit) and in longitudinal analysis (respectively, OR of 1.18, 95% CI: 1.15–1.21, P<0.001; and OR of 1.10, 95% CI: 1.08–1.11, P<0.001, per FINDRISC unit). In comparison with individuals with low FINDRISC, those with moderate, high and very high values showed significant and proportional increases of the 12 to 77 fold in the chance of current SM (P<0.001) and 3 to 10 fold in the chance of HS (P<0.001). During follow-up, these increases were 3 to 10 fold in the chance of incidental MS (P<0.001) and 1 to 3 fold in the chance of HS (P<0.001). The AUC from cross-sectional analysis for MS and HS were respectively 0.82 (95% CI 0.81–0.83) and 0.76 (95% CI 0.75–0.76), and in longitudinal analysis 0.73 (95% CI 0.70–0.76) and 0.63 (95% CI 0.61–0.65), respectively. Conclusion FINDRISC was associated with the presence and onset of MS and HS, but it predicted better metabolic syndrome risk than hepatic steatosis. Therefore, this simple, practical and low-cost score can be useful for population screening and identification of subgroups of individuals at higher risk future metabolic diseases. Funding Acknowledgement Type of funding source: None

Airport Security Screener Competency: A Cross-Sectional and Longitudinal Analysis

2013 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 113-129 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tobias Halbherr ◽  
Adrian Schwaninger ◽  
Glen R. Budgell ◽  
Alan Wales
Keyword(s):  
Longitudinal Analysis ◽  
Airport Security ◽  
Cross Sectional

scholarly journals The Trp64Arg Polymorphism of the β3-Adrenergic Receptor Gene Is Not Associated with Body Weight or Body Mass Index in Japanese: A Longitudinal Analysis

2003 ◽  
Vol 88 (12) ◽  
pp. 5914-5920 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yumi Matsushita ◽  
Tetsuji Yokoyama ◽  
Nobuo Yoshiike ◽  
Yasuhiro Matsumura ◽  
Chigusa Date ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Energy Intake ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Longitudinal Analysis ◽  
Adrenergic Receptor ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Genotype Frequencies ◽  
The Cross

Abstract The β3-adrenergic receptor (ADRB3) is expressed mainly in visceral adipose tissue and is thought to contribute to lipolysis and the delivery of free fatty acids to the portal vein. Although many studies have examined the relationship between the Trp64Arg mutation of ADRB3 and obesity, the results have been inconsistent. We examined the cross-sectional relationship of ADRB3 variants with indexes of obesity, and their longitudinal changes over 10 yr, in men and women, aged 40–69 yr, who were randomly selected from the Japanese rural population. The study considered both dietary energy intake and physical activity levels. Among the 746 participants, the genotype frequencies of the Trp64Trp, Trp64Arg, and Arg64Arg variants were 483, 224, and 39, respectively. The cross-sectional analysis showed no significant differences in height, weight, body mass index, blood pressure, serum total and high density lipoprotein cholesterols, and hemoglobin A1c among the genotype groups even after adjustments for gender, age, smoking, alcohol drinking, physical activity, and energy intake. No significant differences in the weight changes between the genotype groups were evident in the longitudinal analysis. We conclude that the Trp64Arg mutation of ADRB3 has little or no influence on either body weight or body mass index in the general Japanese population.

scholarly journals Effect of androgen deprivation therapy on serum levels of sclerostin, Dickkopf-1, and osteoprotegerin: a cross-sectional and longitudinal analysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Alice Wang ◽  
Nishi Karunasinghe ◽  
Lindsay D. Plank ◽  
Shuotun Zhu ◽  
Sue Osborne ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Androgen Deprivation Therapy ◽  
Longitudinal Analysis ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Androgen Deprivation ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Prognostic Features ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Positive Correlations ◽  
Dickkopf 1

AbstractAndrogen deprivation therapy (ADT) for men with prostate cancer (PCa) results in accelerated bone loss and increased risk of bone fracture. The aim of the present study was to evaluate serum bone markers—sclerostin, Dickkopf-1 (DKK-1) and osteoprotegerin (OPG), in a cohort of 88 PCa patients without known bone metastases, managed with and without ADT, and to analyse their relationship with bone mineral density (BMD) and sex steroids. The cross-sectional analysis between acute-, chronic- and former-ADT groups and PCa controls showed that sclerostin and OPG levels significantly differed between them (p = 0.029 and p = 0.032). Groups contributing to these significant changes were recorded. There were no significant differences in serum DKK-1 levels across the four groups (p = 0.683). In the longitudinal analysis, significant % decreases within groups were seen for DKK-1 [chronic-ADT (− 10.06%, p = 0.0057), former-ADT (− 12.77%, p = 0.0239), and in PCa controls group (− 16.73, p = 0.0022); and OPG levels in chronic ADT (− 8.28%, p = 0.003) and PCa controls group (− 12.82%, p = 0.017)]. However, % changes in sclerostin, DKK-1, and OPG did not differ significantly over 6-months across the evaluated groups. Sclerostin levels showed significant positive correlations with BMD at baseline in the ADT group, while in PCa controls this correlation existed at both baseline and 6-month time points. Sclerostin correlated negatively with testosterone in former ADT users and in PCa controls. Possible prognostic features denoted by parallel increases in sclerostin and BMD are discussed.

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