The effectiveness of telehealth for a caregiver wellness program

2021 ◽  
pp. 1357633X2199400
Author(s):  
Katrina M Serwe ◽  
Angela LE Walmsley
Keyword(s):  
Outcome Measures ◽  
Depression Scale ◽  
Epidemiological Studies ◽  
Wellness Program ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Class Leaders ◽  
Post Test ◽  
Effective Delivery ◽  
Health Related ◽  
Delivery Formats

Introduction This study compared outcomes of a telehealth and in-person delivered caregiver wellness program called Powerful Tools for Caregivers (PTC). Methods A total of 11 pairs of PTC class leaders delivered in-person and telehealth PTC classes. Caregiver participants completed a health-related questionnaire one week before, one week after, and six months after completing the program. A split-plot, mixed-design analysis of variance (ANOVA) and t tests were used to examine attendance and health-related outcome measures: depression as measured by the Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale-Revised (CESD-R), caregiver experience as measured by the Bakas Caregiving Outcomes scale (BCOS), caregiver self-efficacy, and number of negative self-care behaviors. Results A total of 72 caregivers attended PTC in-person and 42 attended via telehealth. Mean attendance was 4.97 ± 1.21 for the in-person group and 5.21 ± 0.071 for the telehealth group, with no significant difference between delivery formats t(112) = 1.074, p = 0.285; 23 caregivers completed all three assessment periods for ANOVA. Interaction of group and time was non-significant for all outcome measures and the main effect of group was only significant for CESD-R scores at pre-PTC assessment, indicating that there were no differences between the two delivery formats for outcomes at post test or six months. The effect of time was significant for all outcome measures, indicating both in-person and telehealth participants improved on health-related outcomes over time. Discussion Telehealth is an effective delivery format for PTC – a traditionally in-person caregiver wellness program. This trial was registered [ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT03800238].

scholarly journals Post-Stroke Depression and Its Effect on Functional Outcomes during Inpatient Rehabilitation

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gurumayum Sonachand Sharma ◽  
Anupam Gupta ◽  
Meeka Khanna ◽  
Naveen Bangarpet Prakash
Keyword(s):  
Outcome Measures ◽  
Functional Outcomes ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Depression Scale ◽  
Inpatient Rehabilitation ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Post Stroke ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Post Stroke Depression

Abstract Objective The aim of the study is to observe the effect of post-stroke depression on functional outcomes during inpatient rehabilitation. Patients and Methods The design involved is prospective observational study. The location involved is Neurological Rehabilitation unit in a tertiary care university hospital. The study period ranges from October 2019 to April 2020. The participants involved are the patients with first ever stroke, male and female with age ≥18 years and duration less than 1 year. All participants were assessed at admission and after 14 sessions of inpatient rehabilitation by depression subscale of Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS-D) and Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HDRS). The stroke outcomes measures used were: Barthel Index (BI), Scandinavian Stroke Scale (SSS), and Modified Rankin Scale (MRS). Results There are a total of 30 participants (18 males) with median stroke duration of 90 days. The median age of the patients was 58 years. Sixteen patients had ischemic and 14 had hemorrhagic stroke. Out of these, 57% (n = 17) had symptoms of depression (HADS-D >7). Participants in both groups (with and without depression) showed improvement in all the functional outcome measures (BI, SSS, MRS) at the time of discharge as compared with admission scores. The changes in the outcome measures were statistically significant within groups (p < 0.05) but not significant between the groups (p > 0.05). Conclusion The post-stroke depression is common among stroke survivors of less than 1 year duration. There was no significant difference in the functional outcomes between stroke patients with depression and those without depression with inpatient rehabilitation program.

Serious Video Games and Psychological Support: A Depression Intervention among Young Cancer Patients (Preprint)

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dr. Amir Abbasi ◽  
Sehrish Khan ◽  
Syeda Farhana Kazmi ◽  
Helmut Hlavacs ◽  
Ding Hooi Ting ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Video Games ◽  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Cancer Diagnosis ◽  
Depression Scale ◽  
Epidemiological Studies ◽  
Test Analysis ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Post Test ◽  
Effective Remedy

UNSTRUCTURED Depression, coupled with a cancer diagnosis in early childhood, often leads toward disinclination to psychotherapy, especially in children. However, an effective remedy could be found in video games that could reduce the depressive condition. The study investigates the efficacy of therapy embedded games (3D-GIT) against the simple mental health games (Re-Mission-II) in reducing depressive symptoms associated with a cancer diagnosis. The sample comprised of 60 cancer patients randomly selected from different cancer hospitals in Pakistan. All the patients were pre-tested using the Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale for Children (CES-DC). The sample was randomly divided into two equal groups: one group played the 3D-GIT game, and the other played the Re-Mission-II game. The games were played four times a week for a month. All the patients were then re-tested on the same scale. Pre-test and post-test scores were compared through paired t-test analysis. Findings of the study supported the first two hypotheses that 3D-GIT and Re-Mission-2 are effective in reducing the depressive symptoms among young cancer patients. The study results revealed that these video games could be used as an alternative treatment of depression for those who are not willing to go for counseling sessions with clinical psychologists. However, the results revealed an insignificant difference between 3D-GIT and Remission-II games, suggesting that both games effectively reduce depressive symptoms of cancer patients. The study results can be used to apply the 3D-GIT game and the Remission-II game to treat depression among cancer patients.

Prevalence of depressive disorders in shanghai children aged 8∼12 years

2011 ◽  
Vol 26 (S2) ◽  
pp. 623-623
Author(s):  
J. Fan ◽  
H.-L. Gu ◽  
H.-L. Yang ◽  
W.-Y. Wang ◽  
J. Yi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Depressive Disorder ◽  
Prevalence Rate ◽  
Primary Schools ◽  
Depressive Disorders ◽  
Depression Scale ◽  
Epidemiological Studies ◽  
Cluster Sampling ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Prevalence Of Depression ◽  
Dsm Iv

ObjectiveThe purpose of this study was to investigated the prevalence child depression in primary schools.Methods3685 students from Grade 3 to Grade 5 were selected from 7 primary schools of Pudong district in Shanghai by random and cluster sampling. The study design consisted of a screening stage in which the Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale for Children(CES-DC) were used, and a clinical interview stage in which the K-SADS-present state version (K-SADS) and DSM-IV were used. The diagnoses of depressive disorder were made according the DSM-IV criteria.ResultsThe prevalence of children depression was 1.60% (95%CI = 1.19%∼2.00%). The prevalence rate of male(2.08%) was significant higher than that of female (1.09%)(X2=5.40, P = 0.02). The rate of depressive disorder increased with age from 0.57% (8 years old) to 2.47% (12 years old). The prevalence of depression was no significant difference between ages from 8 to 12 years old (X2 = 4.49, P = 0.34).ConclusionThe prevalence rate of children depression in Shanghai is low. The prevalence of depression among boys is much higher than that of girls.It shows the prevalence of depression is no significant difference between ages from 8 to 12 years old.

An Efficient System for Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing (EMDR) Therapy: Pilot Study (Preprint)

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicolae Goga ◽  
Costin-Anton Boiangiu ◽  
Andrei Vasilateanu ◽  
Alexandru-Filip Popovici ◽  
Marius-Valentin Drăgoi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pilot Study ◽  
Outcome Measures ◽  
Effect Size ◽  
Traumatic Event ◽  
Secondary Outcome ◽  
Secondary Outcome Measure ◽  
Large Effect Size ◽  
Efficient System ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Post Test

BACKGROUND EMDR is a psychological therapy designed to treat emotional distress caused by a traumatic event from the past, most frequently in the PTSD treatment. We implemented a system based on video, tactile and audio sensors which includes an artificial intelligence chatbot that can replace the trained clinician in the EMDR procedure, thus making the system capable to act autonomously. OBJECTIVE This pilot study aims to develop an EMDR virtual assistant capable of assisting a user in performing an efficient therapy with a minimal intervention of a trained clinician. METHODS An EMDR virtual assistant was created that include audio, video and tactile sensors. A total of 31 participants were included in the pilot study, 14 males and 17 females, with ages between 19 and 33, (Mage = 26.2, SD = 4.21). Participants were invited to remember a traumatic event from their past that caused them discomfort, and they failed to overcome it. After accessing the traumatic memory, primary outcome measures (IES-R and STAI) and secondary outcome measures (VOC and SUD) instruments were applied in the pre-test condition. The designed intervention through application consisted of four phases of bilateral stimulation (visual, auditive, and sensorial). After the discussion with a specialist, and after the completion of the instruments on the pre-test assessment phase, the participants self-administered the intervention through the application and then completed again the instruments in the post-test phase. RESULTS The results showed that there was a significant difference in scores for the pre-test condition (M = 39.8, SD = 14.07) and post-test (M = 13.7, SD = 5.7) measured with IES-R scale; t(30) = 10.5, p < 0.001, and a large effect size (d = 1.89). Also, there are significant differences in scores for the pre-test condition (M = 56.7, SD = 8.3) and post-test (M = 33.8, SD = 4.6) regarding anxiety scores (STAI); t(30) = 11.7, p < 0.001, and a large effect size (d = 2,11) of intervention in reducing anxiety associated with the traumatic event. Related to the secondary outcome measure there was a significant pre- to post-intervention reduction in scores for both VOC; t(30) = 46.8, p < 0.00, and SUD; t(30) = 75.9, p < 0.001. It was shown that the higher scores decreased significantly at the end of the intervention. CONCLUSIONS Our results proved the efficiency of the virtual assistant system for EMDR in reducing anxiety, distress, and negative cognitions and emotions associated with traumatic memories. These findings are filling a gap in the existing literature regarding the efficiency and use of similar systems and could represent a starting point for developing applications and future controlled trials and protocols that can be used in similar cases.

scholarly journals The Validity and Reliability of the Sinhala Translation of the Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9) and PHQ-2 Screener

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Raveen Hanwella ◽  
Shakya Ekanayake ◽  
Varuni A. de Silva
Keyword(s):  
Depression Scale ◽  
Area Under The Curve ◽  
Epidemiological Studies ◽  
Patient Health Questionnaire ◽  
Health Questionnaire ◽  
Validity And Reliability ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Patient Health ◽  
Dsm Iv ◽  
The Mean

The Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9) was adapted and translated into Sinhala. Sample consisted of 75 participants diagnosed with MDD according to DSM-IV criteria and 75 gender matched controls. Concurrent validity was assessed by correlating total score of PHQ-9 with that of Centre for Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale (CESD). The Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV (SCID-II) conducted by a psychiatrist was the gold standard. Mean age of the sample was 33.0 years. There were 91 females (60.7%). There was significant difference in the mean PHQ-9 scores between cases (14.71) and controls (2.55) (P<0.001). The specificity of the categorical algorithm was 0.97; the sensitivity was 0.58. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis found that cut-off score of ≥10 had sensitivity of 0.75 and specificity of 0.97. The area under the curve (AOC) was 0.93. The sensitivity of the two-item screener (PHQ-2) was 0.80 and the specificity was 0.97. Cronbach’s alpha was 0.90. The PHQ-9 is a valid and reliable instrument for diagnosing MDD in a non-Western population. The threshold algorithm is recommended for screening rather than the categorical algorithm. The PHQ-2 screener has good sensitivity and specificity and is recommended as a quick screening instrument.

scholarly journals Depression Among Delivery Agents and its Determinants due to the COVID-19 Pandemic

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. OR1-OR4
Author(s):  
Sadaf Antoo ◽  
Afreen Jan
Keyword(s):  
Depression Scale ◽  
Lower Class ◽  
Epidemiological Studies ◽  
Depression And Anxiety ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Jammu And Kashmir ◽  
Lower Middle Class ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Prevalence Of Depression ◽  
Post Hoc

INTRODUCTION: The outbreak of the COVID-19 Pandemic has led to depression and anxiety in many people. AIM: To assess depression and its determinants among delivery agents in the Union Territory of Jammu and Kashmir and Punjab State, India.MATERIALS AND METHOD: The present study was online, cross sectional in nature and was conducted among 1248 delivery agents. The level of depression was assessed using a modified version of the Centre for Epidemiological studies- Depression scale (CES-D). Data analysis was done using descriptive statistics and student’s independent t-test followed by the modified Bonferroni post-hoc test applied using SPSS version 21.0.RESULTS: The overall prevalence of depression was found to be 53.7%; Most of the agents belonged to the lower class (59.3%) and Lower Middle Class (36.1%) group. The highest percentage of depression was observed as a result of mortgage (91.3%, non-significant), followed by the fear of losing their job (88.8%) due to the COVID-19 pandemic (p=0.03), and fear of getting COVID-19 (85.9%, non-significant difference). Delivery agents having their own transport seemed to have the lowest depression (26.7%, p=0.04). CONCLUSION: Based on the results of the present study, governmental and industrial policies towards the benefit of the delivery agents is advised and during these testing times, assurance of job security and paid leaves in case of contracting COVID-19 should be beneficial.

scholarly journals The effect of a suggested recreational accompanying music program in reducing the degree of depression in orphaned children

2020 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 0164
Author(s):  
Rana Turky Dr. Intisar Kadhum
Keyword(s):  
Depression Scale ◽  
Research Problem ◽  
Original Research ◽  
Orphaned Children ◽  
Technical Programs ◽  
Music Program ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Post Test ◽  
Exploratory Experiment ◽  
The Impact

- Introduction and Research Problem: Orphaned children in general and orphaned children in orphanages in particular are exposed to some mental disorders, which if left may worsen and become psychopathology difficult to treat easily. These disorders due to the orphan's child feeling lonely, sadness, frustration, depression and a feeling of disinterest due to his loss to one The importance of research in the use of a new method to alleviate the degree of depression in orphaned children through the use of their leisure time in exercise for health and recreation or the use of curricula and recreational and technical programs in orphanages. In order to alleviate the degree of depression in orphaned children in the upper flowers of the orphanage. The research aimed to identify the impact of the proposed recreational program accompanying music in reducing the degree of depression in orphaned children                                                                                                  The authors hypothesized that there was a statistically significant difference between pretest and post-test of the depression scale for children and in favor of post-test                                                                        The research was carried out on a sample of orphans of the upper flowers of the orphans in Karrada and the number of (23) orphan children and the ages of 10-14 years and for the period (25-2-2019) and until (26-5-2019) in one of the halls of the upper flowers of the orphanage                                                                                                                2-Research Methodology and Field Procedures: The two researchers used the experimental method of analog samples with experimental design with pre- and post-test for one group. Original research community. The steps involved in carrying out the research included the researchers' exploratory experiment and explained the importance of the exploratory experiment. Distributed the measure of depression for orphan children as a pretest test as explained by the recreational program that they built and then modified by experts and specialists where the program was applied for 3 months and by (3) units per week and over (12) week included recreational exercises containing a variety Of the tools including (balls, hoops, cassettes and recreational music .......... etc) and then was a post-test is the application of the scale of depression on the research sample itself. Data are then collected, interpreted in tables, tabulated and statistically processed.              Presentation and Interpretation of the Results: This chapter includes the presentation, analysis and discussion of the results . 4-CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS: The researchers concluded that the proposed recreational program on the research sample has a positive effect in reducing the degree of depression.                                 The researchers recommended the application of various sports, recreational and recreational curricula and programs in orphanages in order to fill their void

scholarly journals COVID-19 Risk Perceptions, Concerns and Affecting Factors of College Students

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (6) ◽  
pp. 30-35
Author(s):  
Hulya Caskurlu ◽  
Hatice Ikiisik
Keyword(s):  
Online Education ◽  
University Students ◽  
Risk Perceptions ◽  
Disease Risk ◽  
Affecting Factors ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Scale Scores ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Post Test ◽  
Health Related

In this study, we aimed to increase the knowledge, awareness, and normalization adaptation of university students about the disease with the pieces of training given by academicians about COVID-19 and thus contribute to the control of the epidemic. We also aimed at writing education on disease risk perceptions and anxiety levels related to COVID-19 disease. In the study, two weeks of online education were planned for university students on COVID19 disease. A questionnaire was prepared to give knowledge about the anxiety and risk perceptions of the students about COVID-19 disease. Questionnaire training and finally administered. It was analyzed with the SPSS 22.0 program. Whereas the number of students who answered the pre-education questionnaire was 116, 56 students completed the questionnaire at the end of the training. There was no intelligent difference in the risk perceptions of the students about getting sick and losing their lives from illness before and after education. There is no significant difference in the results of the Wilcoxon signed sum of ranks test for the GAD7 scale scores that made the post-test (p = 0.905, z = -0.11). Except for 9 students who did both tests, 107 pre-tests and 47 post-tests did not differ significantly between the groups in terms of disease risk and GAB7 grading (p> 0.05). As a result, the motivation of university students to participate in the struggle against the pandemic is weak. Ensuring that health-related university students, as well as students from different faculties, participate in the fight against COVID-19 with educational studies will be important in controlling the epidemic.

Suicidal Behavior in German Adolescents

2015 ◽  
Vol 43 (1) ◽  
pp. 39-45 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joana Straub ◽  
Ferdinand Keller ◽  
Nina Sproeber ◽  
Michael G. Koelch ◽  
Paul L. Plener
Keyword(s):  
Suicidal Behavior ◽  
Suicide Attempts ◽  
Depression Scale ◽  
Epidemiological Studies ◽  
Present Sample ◽  
Manic Symptoms ◽  
Symptoms Of Depression ◽  
Adolescent Sample ◽  
History Of ◽  
Sum Scores

Objective: Research in adults has identified an association between bipolar disorder and suicidal behavior. This relationship, however, has been insufficiently investigated in adolescents to date. Methods: 1,117 adolescents from 13 German schools (mean age = 14.83, SD = .63; 52.7% females) completed an extended German version of the Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale (CES-D), which assesses depressive and manic symptoms during the last week, as well as the Self-Harm Behavior Questionnaire (SHBQ) for the assessment of lifetime suicidal behavior. Results: In the present sample 39.4% of the girls and 23.1% of the boys reported lifetime suicidal thoughts and 7.1% of the girls as well as 3.9% of the boys a lifetime history of suicide attempts. 18.7% of the adolescent sample revealed elevated symptoms of depression and 9% elevated levels of mania symptoms. Elevated sum scores of depression and mania were associated with a higher number of suicidal ideations and suicide attempts. A block-wise regression analysis revealed that sum scores of depression and mania predicted suicidal ideations best. Concerning suicide attempts, the best predictors were age as well as depression and mania sum scores. Conclusions: Suicidal behavior was reported more often when adolescents demonstrate symptoms of mania as well as symptoms of depression than when they demonstrate only depressive symptoms. The presence of bipolar symptoms in adolescents should alert clinicians to the heightened possibility of suicidal behavior.

Zur Anwendung der CES-D bei älteren Menschen: Dimensionsstruktur und Meßartefakte

Diagnostica ◽  
2000 ◽  
Vol 46 (1) ◽  
pp. 29-37 ◽  
Author(s):  
Herbert Matschinger ◽  
Astrid Schork ◽  
Steffi G. Riedel-Heller ◽  
Matthias C. Angermeyer
Keyword(s):  
Mental State ◽  
Latent Class ◽  
Mini Mental State Examination ◽  
Depression Scale ◽  
Epidemiological Studies ◽  
Partial Credit ◽  
Examination Score ◽  
State Examination

Zusammenfassung. Beim Einsatz der Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale (CES-D) stellt sich das Problem der Dimensionalität des Instruments, dessen Lösung durch die Konfundierung eines Teilkonstruktes (“Wohlbefinden”) mit Besonderheiten der Itemformulierung Schwierigkeiten bereitet, da Antwortartefakte zu erwarten sind. Dimensionsstruktur und Eignung der CES-D zur Erfassung der Depression bei älteren Menschen wurden an einer Stichprobe von 663 über 75-jährigen Teilnehmern der “Leipziger Langzeitstudie in der Altenbevölkerung” untersucht. Da sich die Annahme der Gültigkeit eines partial-credit-Rasch-Modells sowohl für die Gesamtstichprobe als auch für eine Teilpopulation als zu restriktiv erwies, wurde ein 3- bzw. 4-Klassen-latent-class-Modell für geordnete Kategorien berechnet und die 4-Klassen-Lösung als den Daten angemessen interpretiert: Drei Klassen zeigten sich im Sinne des Konstrukts “Depression” geordnet, eine Klasse enthielt jene Respondenten, deren Antwortmuster auf ein Antwortartefakt hinwiesen. In dieser Befragtenklasse wird der Depressionsgrad offensichtlich überschätzt. Zusammenhänge mit Alter und Mini-Mental-State-Examination-Score werden dargestellt. Nach unseren Ergebnissen muß die CES-D in einer Altenbevölkerung mit Vorsicht eingesetzt werden, der Summenscore sollte nicht verwendet werden.

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