A viscoelastic in-plane damage model for fibrous composite materials

Author(s):  
Matheus Urzedo Quirino ◽  
Volnei Tita ◽  
Marcelo Leite Ribeiro

This work presents a viscoelastic in-plane damage model for fibrous composites. The material behavior is modeled as linear viscoelastic, with brittle failure in the fiber-dominated direction, and progressive degradation of the matrix-dominated properties, when the composite is loaded perpendicularly to the fibers or in in-plane shear. An evaluation procedure has been performed by comparing computational stress-strain curves against tensile tests curves under three different displacement rates. In addition, a calibration of the viscoelastic properties, by means of the response surface methodology, is also presented. The proposed material model has shown reasonable performance up to the material reaching an experimentally-verified modulus transition zone. Besides, the viscoelastic calibration procedure has produced a good agreement with the experimental results, concerning maximum stresses. It was observed that the computational stress-strain curve has deviated from the experimental one for higher stress values, indicating that it is necessary to improve the assessment of the nonlinear phenomena, which occur within the material.

2011 ◽  
Vol 465 ◽  
pp. 129-132
Author(s):  
Luboš Náhlík ◽  
Bohuslav Máša ◽  
Pavel Hutař

Particulate composites with crosslinked polymer matrix and solid fillers are one of important classes of materials such as construction materials, high-performance engineering materials, sealants, protective organic coatings, dental materials, or solid explosives. The main focus of a present paper is an estimation of the macroscopic Young’s modulus and stress-strain behavior of a particulate composite with polymer matrix. The particulate composite with a crosslinked polymer matrix in a rubbery state filled by an alumina-based mineral filler is investigated by means of the finite element method. A hyperelastic material behavior of the matrix was modeled by the Mooney-Rivlin material model. Numerical models on the base of unit cell were developed. The numerical results obtained were compared with experimental stress-strain curve and value of initial Young’s modulus. The paper can contribute to a better understanding of the behavior and failure of particulate composites with a crosslinked polymer matrix.


Materials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (13) ◽  
pp. 3626
Author(s):  
Łukasz Hojdys ◽  
Piotr Krajewski

This paper presents the results of direct tensile tests performed on six different FRCM (fabric reinforced cementitious matrix) strengthening systems used for masonry structures. The emphasis was placed on the determination of the mechanical parameters of each tested system and a comparison of their tensile behaviour in terms of first crack stress, ultimate stress, ultimate strain, cracking pattern, failure mode and idealised tensile stress-strain curve. In addition to the basic mechanical tensile parameters, accidental load eccentricities, matrix tensile strengths, and matrix modules of elasticity were estimated. The results of the tests showed that the tensile behaviour of FRCM composites strongly depends on the parameters of the constituent materials (matrix and fabric). In the tests, tensile failure of reinforcement and fibre slippage within the matrix were observed. The presented research showed that the accidental eccentricities did not substantially affect the obtained results and that the more slender the specimen used, the more consistent the obtained results. The analysis based on a rule of mixtures showed that the direct tensile to flexural tensile strength ratio of the matrixes used in the test was 0.2 to 0.4. Finally, the tensile stress–strain relationship for the tested FRCMs was idealised by a bi- or tri-linear curve.


Author(s):  
В.Б. Заалишвили ◽  
Д.А. Мельков ◽  
А.Ф. Габараев ◽  
Т.И. Мерзликин

Исследования нелинейных явлений в грунтах, начатые в России почти 60 лет назад, явились стимулом современного развития исследований сейсмоаномальных явлений в комплексе геофизических показателей, наблюдающихся при сильных и разрушительных землетрясениях. Кроме чисто научных интересов большой интерес вызывает вопрос прогнозирования поведения грунтов и сооружений с точки зрения адекватности ожидаемому проявлению сейсмического воздействия. Адекватное изучение нелинейности, являющейся неотъемлемой характеристикой природных явлений, позволит приблизить соответствующее антисейсмические мероприятия к реальным особенностям проявлений сейсмического эффекта при сильных землетрясениях. Цельюработы являлось построение расчетной модели, описывающей явления, наблюдаемые в грунтовой среде при сильных сейсмических воздействиях и сопоставление расчетных данных с результатами инструментальных наблюдений. Методы. В работе анализируется иснтрументальная запись, полученная на слабых грунтах, на сонове вейвлет нанализа. Моделируются импульсы различной проолжитлеьности в среде с различной стпенью проявления нелинейных свойст (кртутизны нелиненйой заивисисмоти напряжение -деформация) методом конечных элементов. Результаты. В результате установлены различия в спектральном составе моделируемых импульсов. Сильное проявление нелинейных свойств характеризуется резкими изменениями фаз колебаний, в фазах высокой скорости нарастания амплитуд. В нелинейных спектрах происходит перераспределение энергии в более высокочастотную область, кратную основному пику, тем сильнее, чем сильнее нелинейность кривой наряжение-деформация. Studies of nonlinear phenomena in soils, which began in Russia almost 60 years ago, have stimulated the modern development of studies of seismically anomalous phenomena in the complex of geophysical indicators observed during strong and destructive earthquakes. In addition to scientific interests, the issue of forecasting the behavior of soils and structures from the point of view of adequacy to the expected manifestation of seismic impact is of great interest. An adequate study of nonlinearity, which is an integral characteristic of natural phenomena, will make it possible to bring the corresponding antiseismic measures closer to the real features of the manifestations of the seismic effect during strong earthquakes. Aim. The aim of the work was to build a computational model describing the phenomena observed in a soil medium under strong seismic effects and to compare the computed data with the results of instrumental observations. Methods.The paper analyzes an instrumental record obtained on soft soils using wavelet analysis. With the help of the finite element method pulses of different duration are modeled in a medium with different degrees of nonlinear properties manifestation (steepness of nonlinear stress-strain dependence). Results. As a result, differences in the spectral composition of the modeled pulses were determined. A strong manifestation of nonlinear properties is characterized by sharp changes in the phases of vibrations, in the phases of a high rate of amplitude rise. In nonlinear spectra, the energy is redistributed to a higher frequency region, which is a multiple of the main peak and the stronger the nonlinearity of the stress-strain curve is stronger.


2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (17) ◽  
pp. 3474
Author(s):  
Dong Seok Shin ◽  
Young Shin Kim ◽  
Euy Sik Jeon

Studying the characteristics of materials through a finite element analysis (FEA) has various benefits; hence, many studies have been conducted to improve the reliability of the analysis results. In general, the mechanical properties used in FEA for metals and metal composites are stress–strain data obtained through tensile tests, which are used for modeling from a macroscopic perspective. While many studies have been conducted on metal materials, there are limited studies on the analysis of polymer composite materials produced through injection and special processing. In this study, existing inverse methods were applied, and an FEA was conducted to reproduce the axial displacement of the tensile specimens comprising glass fiber-reinforced polymer (GFRP); further, errors were examined by comparing the test and analysis results. To reduce such errors, the experiment and the FEA results were analyzed through parameter optimization based on various empirical formulas. The accuracy of various inverse methods were examined and an inverse method suitable for GFRP was proposed.


Author(s):  
Kok Ee Tan ◽  
John H. L. Pang

In this paper, the strain-rate dependent mechanical properties and stress-strain curve behavior of Sn3.8Ag0.7Cu (SAC387) solder is presented for a range of strain-rates at room temperature. The apparent elastic modulus, yield stress properties and stress-strain curve equation of the solder material is needed to facilitate finite element modeling work. Tensile tests on dog-bone shaped bulk solder specimens were conducted using a non-contact video extensometer system. Constant strain-rate uni-axial tensile tests were conducted over the strain-rates of 0.001, 0.01, 0.1 and 1 (s−1) at 25°C. The effects of strain-rate on the stress-strain behavior for lead-free Sn3.8Ag0.7Cu solder are presented. The tensile yield stress results were compared to equivalent yield stress values derived from nano-indentation hardness test results. Constitutive models based on the Ramberg-Osgood model and the Cowper-Symond model were fitted for the tensile test results to describe the elastic-plastic behavior of solder deformation behavior.


2018 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Emilio Medrano ◽  
Mauro Quiroga ◽  
Felipe A. Reyes

After fabricating five metallographic specimens of the Cu0.95Al0.05 alloy from electrolytic copper and aluminum, these ones were both microstructurally characterized by using a metallographic optical microscope at room temperature and subjected to mechanical traction in order to chart the stress-strain curve. From the characterization, it has been found out that the Cu0.95Al0.05 microstructure is composed of a single phase, and from the tensile tests, it has been obtained its rupture point, 249.361 MPa. The obtained results were explained in the framework of the theory of metals and metal alloys.


2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 29
Author(s):  
Mohammad Rafiqul Islam ◽  
Abbas Ali ◽  
Md. Jahir Bin Alam ◽  
Tanvir Ahmad ◽  
Salman Sakib

Concrete is a quasi-brittle material and shows different behavior in compression and tension. It shows elastic behavior at initial stage and damage-plasticity behavior beyond elastic limit. Therefore, development of material behavior model of concrete is a complex phenomenon. In this study, concrete damage plasticity theory has been described under experiment on concrete cylinder considering uni-axial compression loading and interpreted with analytical data calculated using CEB-FIP model code equation. The code has divided the stress-strain curve for concrete compression into three sections according to concrete’s elastic and non-elastic behaviors. Those three sections have been considered to calculate analytical data. In experiment, concrete behavior has been observed in two phases. The damage value for different stresses at the various points on the stress strain curve has been calculated. According to analytical data, the concrete shows elastic behavior up to 8.3MPa stress point and no damage occur in the concrete within the limit. However, in experimental data, concrete shows elastic behavior up to only 2.28MPa and damage occurred beyond the stress. Finally, the percentage of damage of concrete due to compression obtained from analysis and experiment has been assessed and compared. Above 32 percent of concrete damage is found for 22.5 MPa in both cases.  


Author(s):  
M.K. Samal ◽  
K.S. Balakrishnan

Determination of transverse mechanical properties from ring specimens machined from tubular components is not straightforward due to presence of combined tension and bending stresses. Zircaloy tubes as used in nuclear reactors are manufactured through a complicated process of pilgering and heat-treatment and hence, the properties need to be determined in the as-manufactured condition. In this work, the authors perform ring-tensile tests on specimens of Zircaloy pressure tubes of Indian pressurized heavy water reactor in order to carry out integrity assessment of these tubes. As the loading condition in this test imposes both membrane and bending stresses in the cross-section of the ring, 3-D finite element analysis of the test setup was carried out in order to determine material stress-strain curve using an iterative technique. The effect of the design of the loading mandrel on the experimental stress-strain data has been investigated in detail. To validate the methodology, miniature tensile specimens have been tested and the data has been compared to those of ring specimens.


2004 ◽  
Vol 126 (1) ◽  
pp. 70-76 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. Scheider ◽  
W. Brocks ◽  
A. Cornec

The problem of determining true stress-strain curves from flat tensile specimens beyond the onset of necking has been investigated based on finite element analyses under consideration of experimental accessible data using digital image correlation (DIC). The displacement field on the specimen surface is determined by in-situ deformation field measurement. A three-dimensional finite element study with different stress-strain-curves has been carried out to develop a formula, with which it is possible to calculate the true stress subject to the strain in the necking region. The method has been used to evaluate the true stress-strain curve with a so-called micro flat tensile specimen, which is normally used to determine the material properties in the material gradient around thin weldments.


Author(s):  
Hongyuan Mei ◽  
Deyu Wang ◽  
Qi Wan

Abstract Six specimens with one Tee-bar stiffener and its attached plating were tested under axial compression to investigate the ultimate strength. The specimens have one longitudinal span and the simply supported boundary conditions at the end edge of loading were produced based on a horizontal test fixture. The initial geometrical imperfections were measured and tensile tests of high tensile steel used in the specimens with different thickness were conducted. The results calculated by FE analysis with true stress-strain curves, average measured thickness and measured initial geometrical deformation could reach a good agreement with experimental results. The ultimate strength calculated with elastic/perfectly plastic curve is approximately 10% larger than that with true stress-strain curve. The reason is that the proportional limit stress of material is significantly lower than 0.2% proof stress for the high strength steel used in specimens. And the occurrence of buckling is earlier than the time that the material enters into plastic stage. As a result, the ultimate strength assessed with elastic/perfectly plastic curve doesn’t always the lowest result and it should be adopted carefully.


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