scholarly journals Role of long non-coding RNA H19 in the development of osteoporosis

2021 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Senxiang Chen ◽  
Da Liu ◽  
Zimo Zhou ◽  
Sen Qin
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
The Body ◽  
Research Progress ◽  
Effective Prevention ◽  
Treatment Of Osteoporosis ◽  
Non Coding Rna ◽  
Metabolic Bone ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Long Non Coding Rna

Abstract Background Osteoporosis is a widespread and serious metabolic bone disease. At present, revealing the molecular mechanisms of osteoporosis and developing effective prevention and treatment methods are of great significance to health worldwide. LncRNA is a non-coding RNA peptide chain with more than 200 nucleotides. Researchers have identified many lncRNAs implicated in the development of diseases and lncRNA H19 is an example. Results A large amount of evidence supports the fact that long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) genes, such as H19, have multiple, far-reaching effects on various biological functions. It has been found that lncRNA H19 has a role in the regulation of different types of cells in the body including the osteoblasts, osteocytes, and osteoclasts found in bones. Therefore, it can be postulated that lncRNA H19 affects the incidence and development of osteoporosis. Conclusion The prospect of targeting lncRNA H19 in the treatment of osteoporosis is promising because of the effects that lncRNA H19 has on the process of osteogenic differentiation. In this review, we summarize the molecular pathways and mechanisms of lncRNA H19 in the pathogenesis of osteoporosis and summarize the research progress of targeting H19 as a treatment option. Research is emerging that explores more effective treatment possibilities for bone metabolism diseases using molecular targets.

scholarly journals Role of Long Non-Coding RNA Polymorphisms in Cancer Chemotherapeutic Response

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 513
Author(s):  
Zheng Zhang ◽  
Meng Gu ◽  
Zhongze Gu ◽  
Yan-Ru Lou
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Neurological Diseases ◽  
Cellular Processes ◽  
Dna And Rna ◽  
Chemotherapeutic Response ◽  
Non Coding Rna ◽  
Response To Chemotherapy ◽  
Personalized Oncology ◽  
Long Non Coding Rna

Genetic polymorphisms are defined as the presence of two or more different alleles in the same locus, with a frequency higher than 1% in the population. Since the discovery of long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs), which refer to a non-coding RNA with a length of more than 200 nucleotides, their biological roles have been increasingly revealed in recent years. They regulate many cellular processes, from pluripotency to cancer. Interestingly, abnormal expression or dysfunction of lncRNAs is closely related to the occurrence of human diseases, including cancer and degenerative neurological diseases. Particularly, their polymorphisms have been found to be associated with altered drug response and/or drug toxicity in cancer treatment. However, molecular mechanisms are not yet fully elucidated, which are expected to be discovered by detailed studies of RNA–protein, RNA–DNA, and RNA–lipid interactions. In conclusion, lncRNAs polymorphisms may become biomarkers for predicting the response to chemotherapy in cancer patients. Here we review and discuss how gene polymorphisms of lncRNAs affect cancer chemotherapeutic response. This knowledge may pave the way to personalized oncology treatments.

The functional role of oncogenic lncRNA BCAR4 for cancer outcome

2021 ◽  
Vol 27 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bei Wang ◽  
Wen Xu ◽  
Yuxuan Cai ◽  
Kai Liu ◽  
Jiacheng Wu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Gastric Cancer ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Clinical Value ◽  
Non Coding Rna ◽  
Entry Points ◽  
Multiple Processes ◽  
Cancer Outcome ◽  
Long Non Coding Rna

Background: Long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) breast cancer anti-estrogen resistance 4 (BCAR4) is a characterized oncogenic lncRNA in different cancers. This review is dedicated to summarize various molecular mechanisms of BCAR4 and demonstrate that the biological functions exerted by BCAR4 are good entry points for therapy. Methods: The molecular mechanism of BCAR4 acting on tumors is summarized by reviewing PubMed. Results: The expression of lncRNA BCAR4 is abnormally increased in all kinds of tumors, including colorectal cancer, prostate cancer, bladder cancer, gastric cancer, chondrosarcoma, glioma, breast cancer, glioma, gastric cancer, liver cancer, cervical cancer, lung cancer, etc. Besides, BCAR4 mediates multiple processes involved in carcinogenesis, including proliferation, invasion, anti-apoptosis, migration. Conclusion: BCAR4 may show great clinical value in this direction as a therapeutic cancer target.

The Role of Tumor-related LncRNA PART1 in cancer

2021 ◽  
Vol 27 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jinlan Chen ◽  
Enqing Meng ◽  
Yexiang Lin ◽  
Yujie Shen ◽  
Chengyu Hu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Malignant Tumors ◽  
Migration And Invasion ◽  
Signal Pathways ◽  
Toll Like Receptor ◽  
Non Coding Rna ◽  
Regulated Expression ◽  
The One ◽  
Long Non Coding Rna

Background: As we all know, long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) affects tumor progression, which has caused a great upsurge in recent years. It can also affect the growth, migration, and invasion of tumors. When we refer to the abnormal expression of lncRNA, we will find it associated with malignant tumors. In addition, lncRNA has been proved to be a key targeted gene for the treatment of some diseases. PART1, a member of lncRNA, has been reported as a regulator in the process of tumor occurrence and development. This study aims to reveal the biological functions, specific mechanisms, and clinical significance of PART1 in various tumor cells. Methods: Through the careful search of PUBMED, the mechanisms of the effect of PART1 on tumorigenesis and development are summarized. Results: On the one hand, the up-regulated expression of PART1 plays a tumor-promoting role in tumors, including lung cancer, prostate cancer, bladder cancer and so on. On the other hand, PART1 is down-regulated in gastric cancer, glioma and other tumors to play a tumor inhibitory role. In addition, PART1 regulates tumor growth mainly by targeting microRNA such as miR-635, directly regulating the expression of proteins such as FUS/EZH2, affecting signal pathways such as the Toll-like receptor pathway, or regulating immune cells. Conclusion: PART1 is closely related to tumors by regulating a variety of molecular mechanisms. In addition, PART1 can be used as a clinical marker for the early diagnosis of tumors and plays an important role in tumor-targeted therapy.

scholarly journals The Role of lncRNA PCAT6 in Cancers

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Siying Wang ◽  
Zhenyao Chen ◽  
Jingyao Gu ◽  
Xin Chen ◽  
Zhaoxia Wang
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Prognostic Biomarker ◽  
Malignant Tumors ◽  
Vital Role ◽  
Cancer Breast ◽  
Non Coding Rna ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Cancer Côlon ◽  
Long Non Coding Rna

Long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) PCAT6 is a member of the Prostate Cancer Associated Transcripts family of molecules. In this review, we focus on the latest studies involving PCAT6 in the diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis of malignant tumors of the digestive, respiratory, urinary, reproductive, motion, and nervous systems. PCAT6 was found to be highly expressed in gastric cancer, colon cancer, hepatocellular carcinoma, lung cancer, bladder cancer, ovarian cancer, breast cancer, cervical cancer, osteosarcoma, glioblastoma, and other tumors. PCAT6 can promote the development and progression of different types of malignant tumors through various mechanisms. Overall, these findings suggest that PCAT6 may play an increasingly vital role in the clinical assessment of these malignant tumors. It can function as an oncogene and may be used as a potential new prognostic biomarker of these tumors.

scholarly journals Regulatory networks of non-coding RNAs in brown/beige adipogenesis

2015 ◽  
Vol 35 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Shaohai Xu ◽  
Peng Chen ◽  
Lei Sun
Keyword(s):  
Regulatory Networks ◽  
The Body ◽  
Bat Activity ◽  
Non Coding Rna ◽  
Brown Adipose ◽  
Beige Adipocytes ◽  
Beige Fat ◽  
And Function ◽  
Long Non Coding Rna

BAT (brown adipose tissue) is specialized to burn fatty acids for heat generation and energy expenditure to defend against cold and obesity. Accumulating studies have demonstrated that manipulation of BAT activity through various strategies can regulate metabolic homoeostasis and lead to a healthy phenotype. Two classes of ncRNA (non-coding RNA), miRNA and lncRNA (long non-coding RNA), play crucial roles in gene regulation during tissue development and remodelling. In the present review, we summarize recent findings on regulatory role of distinct ncRNAs in brown/beige adipocytes, and discuss how these ncRNA regulatory networks contribute to brown/beige fat development, differentiation and function. We suggest that targeting ncRNAs could be an attractive approach to enhance BAT activity for protecting the body against obesity and its pathological consequences.

scholarly journals Long Non-coding RNA MAFG-AS1 Promotes Cell Proliferation, Migration, and EMT by miR-3196/STRN4 in Drug-Resistant Cells of Liver Cancer

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tianming Chen ◽  
Bin Huang ◽  
Yaozhen Pan
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Drug Resistant ◽  
Non Coding Rna ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Non Coding Rnas ◽  
Novel Target ◽  
And Migration ◽  
Long Non Coding Rna ◽  
Resistant Cells

Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) have been shown to participate in the development and progression of several different types of cancer. Past studies indicated that lncRNA MAFG-antisense 1 (AS1) promotes colorectal cancer. However, the role of MAFG-AS1 in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) remains unclear. The aim of the present study is to examine the effect of lncRNA MAFG-AS1 on drug resistance HCC. The results indicated that MAFG-AS1 is upregulated in drug-resistant cells. Further, MAFG-AS1 promotes growth and migration of HCC by upregulating STRN4 through absorbing miR-3196. Thus, LncRNA MAFA-AS1 may become a novel target to treat HCC patients.

scholarly journals Research Progress of the Role of Anthocyanins on Bone Regeneration

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wei Mao ◽  
Guowei Huang ◽  
Huan Chen ◽  
Liangliang Xu ◽  
Shengnan Qin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Regeneration ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Biological Effects ◽  
Continuous Process ◽  
Osteoclast Differentiation ◽  
Fragility Fractures ◽  
Osteoclast Formation ◽  
Research Progress ◽  
Treatment Of Osteoporosis

Bone regeneration in osteoporosis and fragility fractures which are highly associated with age remains a great challenge in the orthopedic field, even though the bone is subjected to a continuous process of remodeling which persists throughout lifelong. Regulation of osteoblast and osteoclast differentiation is recognized as effective therapeutic targets to accelerate bone regeneration in osteopenic conditions. Anthocyanins (ACNs), a class of naturally occurring compounds obtained from colored plants, have received increasing attention recently because of their well-documented biological effects, such as antioxidant, anti-inflammation, and anti-apoptosis in chronic diseases, like osteoporosis. Here, we summarized the detailed research progress on ACNs on bone regeneration and their molecular mechanisms on promoting osteoblast differentiation as well as inhibiting osteoclast formation and differentiation to explore their promising therapeutic application in repressing bone loss and helping fragility fracture healing. Better understanding the role and mechanisms of ACNs on bone regeneration is helpful for the prevention or treatment of osteoporosis and also for the exploration of new bone regenerative medicine.

Expression of long non-coding RNAs ROR and MALAT1 in uterine fibroids

2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (4) ◽  
pp. 17-21
Author(s):  
S.A. Levakov ◽  
◽  
G.Ya. Azadova ◽  
A.E. Mamedova ◽  
Kh.R. Movtaeva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Uterine Fibroids ◽  
Reproductive Age ◽  
Expression Level ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Tissue Samples ◽  
Non Coding Rna ◽  
Non Coding Rnas ◽  
Long Non Coding Rna

Objective. To study the expression level of long non-coding RNAs ROR and MALAT1 in tissue samples of uterine fibroids. Patients and methods. Samples of myomatous nodes and tissues of normal myometrium in 28 women of reproductive age were examined. The analysis of the expression of long non-coding RNAs was carried out using a real-time reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) with specific primers. Results. There was a significant decrease in the expression level of long non-coding RNA ROR and an increase in the MALAT1 expression in tissue samples of uterine fibroids relative to the control group. Conclusion. The results obtained demonstrate a possible role of long non-coding RNAs in the development of uterine fibroids and correlate with the data which we obtained for patients with endometriosis. Detecting the expression level of long non-coding RNAs can improve the existing methods for diagnosing this disease. However, further research is required to determine the clinical significance of MALAT1 and ROR, and the molecular mechanisms underlying the action of these RNAs in uterine fibroid cells. Key words: long non-coding RNAs, uterine fibroids, myomectomy, lncROR, MALAT1

scholarly journals Long Non-coding RNA: An Emerging Contributor and Potential Therapeutic Target in Renal Fibrosis

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Weiping Xia ◽  
Yao He ◽  
Yu Gan ◽  
Bo Zhang ◽  
Guoyu Dai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Renal Fibrosis ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Pathological Process ◽  
Major Type ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Non Coding Rna ◽  
Future Research Directions ◽  
Non Coding Rnas ◽  
Long Non Coding Rna

Renal fibrosis (RF) is a pathological process that culminates in terminal renal failure in chronic kidney disease (CKD). Fibrosis contributes to progressive and irreversible decline in renal function. However, the molecular mechanisms involved in RF are complex and remain poorly understood. Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are a major type of non-coding RNAs, which significantly affect various disease processes, cellular homeostasis, and development through multiple mechanisms. Recent investigations have implicated aberrantly expressed lncRNA in RF development and progression, suggesting that lncRNAs play a crucial role in determining the clinical manifestation of RF. In this review, we comprehensively evaluated the recently published articles on lncRNAs in RF, discussed the potential application of lncRNAs as diagnostic and/or prognostic biomarkers, proposed therapeutic targets for treating RF-associated diseases and subsequent CKD transition, and highlight future research directions in the context of the role of lncRNAs in the development and treatment of RF.

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