Trends of dental caries in permanent teeth among 12-year-old Chinese children: evidence from five consecutive national surveys between 1995 and 2014

Abstract Background Dental caries have a serious impact on general health and well-being; however, there is a lack of relevant data on the development trends of dental caries in permanent teeth among 12-year-old children in China. We aim to assess long-term trends of dental caries in permanent teeth among 12-year-old children in China and identify the susceptible subgroups based on five consecutive national surveys from 1995 to 2014. Methods A total of 88 972 subjects were extracted from five consecutive national surveys (1995, 2000, 2005, 2010, 2014). Standardized dental examinations were conducted and the oral health status of each subject was recorded. The prevalence of Decayed, Missing and Filled teeth (DMF%), mean Decayed, Missing, Filled teeth score (DMFT) and Caries Filling Ratio (CFR) were used as measurement indicators. Cochran–Armitage trend test was used to evaluate the trends in DMF% and CFR, and multivariate linear regression was used to evaluate the trends in DMFT. Results A V-shaped fluctuating upward trend in DMF% during 1995–2014 was observed (Z = − 13.124, P < 0.001), and the DMF% in 1995–2014 was 21.1%, 15.9%, 16.2%, 21.9% and 24.3%. The trend in DMFT was approximately consistent with DMF% (β = 0.057, P < 0.001), but the downward volatility appeared in 2014. The DMFT in 1995–2014 was 0.38, 0.28, 0.31, 0.66 and 0.54. A continuously fluctuant trend in CFR was observed during past two decades (Z = 1.927, P > 0.05), and the CFR in 1995–2014 was 17.4%, 22.8%, 19.3%, 23.4% and 15.6%. The DMF% and DMFT of rural children had a larger absolute increase than that of urban children during 1995–2014 (DMF%-urban: Z = − 0.242, P > 0.05; DMF%-rural: Z = − 19.036, P < 0.001; DMFT-urban: β = 0.035, P < 0.001, DMFT-rural: β = 0.077, P < 0.001). The DMF% and DMFT in girls were higher than that in boys at each survey year (P < 0.001). CFR of urban children was higher than that of rural children at each survey year (P < 0.001). Conclusions Over the past 20 years, DMFT and DMF% of 12-year-old children in China presented V-shaped fluctuant upward trends, with a decline trend from 1995 to 2000 and an upward trend from 2000 to 2014. CFR had no significant improvement. The rural children and girls are the more vulnerable groups in the development of dental caries and need to pay priority. Our study supports the continuation of policies to improve children’ oral health.

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Who Needs More than 1,000 ppm? The Epidemiology of High-Risk Populations

Caries Research ◽

10.1159/000442673 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 50 (Suppl. 1) ◽

pp. 1-8 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Ana Karina Mascarenhas

Keyword(s):

Oral Health ◽

High Risk ◽

Dental Caries ◽

Low Socioeconomic Status ◽

Well Being ◽

Oral Disease ◽

Permanent Teeth ◽

Oral Diseases ◽

Untreated Caries ◽

High Risk Populations

Good oral health is necessary to overall health and well-being. Most oral diseases, and in particular dental caries, are entirely preventable. However, in 2010, 3.9 billion people were globally affected by oral conditions, and the global prevalence of untreated caries in permanent teeth was 35.3%. The contemporary thinking is that dental caries starts as an infectious disease which then becomes a chronic disease. Public health measures and other caries-preventive approaches have resulted in dramatic reductions in dental caries across populations. However, in a given population, not all individuals have experienced these successes uniformly. High-risk populations, defined as those with a ‘higher-than-expected risk', exist for most diseases and conditions including caries. The global scientific literature suggests that these are the following: (1) minorities, (2) individuals with low-socioeconomic status and (3) other vulnerable populations such as the very young and elderly who continue to battle with oral health disparities by experiencing higher oral disease levels including dental caries. As the science and resources exist to prevent caries, it is essential to identify and target these high-risk individuals and populations.

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Prevalence of Dental Caries and Treatment Needs among the Orphan Children and Adolescents of Udaipur District, Rajasthan, India

The Journal of Contemporary Dental Practice ◽

10.5005/jp-journals-10024-1118 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 13 (2) ◽

pp. 182-187 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Anil Agrawal ◽

PJ Rani ◽

S Srilatha ◽

Vikram Khare ◽

Ajit Koshy ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Oral Health ◽

Dental Caries ◽

Children And Adolescents ◽

Well Being ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Oral Health Status ◽

Permanent Teeth ◽

Treatment Needs ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Structured Questionnaire

ABSTRACT Objective The study was to examine the prevalence of dental caries and treatment needs among the orphan children and adolescents of Udaipur district, Rajasthan, India. Methods A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted to assess the oral health status and treatment needs of orphan children. The lists obtained comprised of 13 orphanages consisting of 923 inmates including both sexes. The survey proforma was prepared using a self-administered structured questionnaire written in English validated through a pretested survey. The statistical software namely SPSS 15.0 was used for the analysis of the data. Results The prevalence of dental caries in primary teeth was found to be 49.6% and in permanent teeth was 41%. Most of the children need one surface filling followed by pulp care. Conclusion The unmet needs for decayed teeth were also found to be high indicating a very poor accessibility and availability of any oral health care. Clearly, it can be concluded that this community has experienced a low utilization of preventive or therapeutic oral health services. Clinical significance Orphanage children in India are usually taken care by NGOs or social workers who do not realize that dental care and oral health forms an integral part of children well-being. So, this paper enlighten the prevalence of dental caries and treatment needs among the orphan children and adolescents. How to cite this article Khare V, Koshy A, Rani PJ, Srilatha S, Kapse SC, Agrawal A. Prevalence of Dental Caries and Treatment Needs among the Orphan Children and Adolescents of Udaipur District, Rajasthan, India. J Contemp Dent Pract 2012;13(2):182-187.

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Oral Health Education Program on Dental Caries Incidence for School Children

Journal of Clinical Pediatric Dentistry ◽

10.17796/1053-4628-39.3.277 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 39 (3) ◽

pp. 277-283 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

RA Jaime ◽

TS Carvalho ◽

GC Bonini ◽

JCP Imparato ◽

FM Mendes

Keyword(s):

Oral Health ◽

Dental Caries ◽

Health Education ◽

Education Program ◽

Permanent Teeth ◽

Control Group ◽

Health Education Program ◽

Oral Health Education ◽

School Based ◽

Experimental Group

Objective: This 3-year retrospective controlled clinical trial assessed the effect of a school-based oral health education program on caries incidence in children. Study design: A total of 240 students, aged 5 to 7 years, from two public schools in Monte Sião, Brazil, were included in this study. A school-based oral health education program was developed in one of the schools (experimental group), including 120 students, while the 120 students from the other school did not participate in the program (control group). All children were initially examined for dental caries (dmf-t), and after 3 years, 98 children from the experimental group and 96 from the control group were again examined and answered a questionnaire on oral health issues. The between-groups difference in caries incidence on permanent teeth was calculated using Poisson regression analyses. Logistic regression was used to observe the association between caries incidence and other variables. Results: More students from the experimental group stated knowing what was dental caries and declared that they use dental floss daily, but no significant differences in caries incidence was observed between the experimental and control groups. Conclusion: The school-based oral health education program is not adequately efficient to decrease caries incidence after three years, but some issues about oral health knowledge could be slightly improved.

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Self-reported dental pain and associated factors in Ugandan schoolchildren

Norsk Epidemiologi ◽

10.5324/nje.v15i2.216 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 15 (2) ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

S.N. Kiwanuka ◽

A.N. Åstrøm

Keyword(s):

Oral Health ◽

Dental Caries ◽

Primary Schools ◽

Multiple Logistic Regression Analysis ◽

Health Indicators ◽

Dental Pain ◽

Permanent Teeth ◽

Cross Sectional Survey ◽

Anterior Teeth ◽

Oral Health Indicators

There is a limited amount of research on the prevalence and determinants of subjective oral health indicators in children. Objective: to assess the prevalence of self-reported dental pain and to explore its relationship with socio-demographic characteristics in 10-14 year olds attending primary schools. Method: A cross-sectional survey was conducted during January-March 2004, including 11 public primary schools in Kampala, Uganda. A total of 614 children completed questionnaires administered in schools. Dental caries and plaque status were recorded in permanent teeth. Results: Experience with dental pain was confirmed by 42.1% boys and 52.3% girls. The crude prevalence of dental caries was 37.9% in boys and 42.1% in girls. Plaque was present on anterior teeth and 84.3% complained of at least one oral problem. Multiple logistic regression analysis revealed that reporting at least two oral problems (OR = 2.7), being dissatisfied with dental appearance (OR = 2.7) and having visited a dentist twice during the previous 3 years (OR = 2.2) were associated with higher odds of reported dental pain. Conclusion: A substantial proportion of school children had experience with dental pain. Dental pain associated positively with dental caries, subjective oral health indicators and dental attendance. Knowledge about the extent and significance of dental pain is important for the planning and evaluation of preventive and treatment efforts.

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Cárie Dentária em Indivíduos com Fissuras Labiopalatinas: Revisão de Literatura

UNICIÊNCIAS ◽

10.17921/1415-5141.2020v24n1p112-117 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 24 (1) ◽

pp. 112-117

Author(s):

Andreza Maria Fábio Aranha ◽

Amanda Alves de Oliveira ◽

Alexandre Meireles Borba ◽

Luiz Evaristo Ricci Volpato

Keyword(s):

Oral Health ◽

Dental Caries ◽

Cleft Palate ◽

Cleft Lip ◽

Cleft Lip And Palate ◽

Public Health Practice ◽

Well Being ◽

Individualized Approach ◽

Genetic And Environmental Factors ◽

Isolated Cleft Palate

As fissuras labiopalatinas (FLP) são as malformações congênitas mais comuns da região craniofacial e apresentam diferentes fenótipos e características clínicas, que diferem entre si de acordo com as estruturas anatômicas envolvidas: fissura de lábio, fissura de lábio e palato e fissura de palato isolada. A etiologia das FLP é multifatorial e inclui fatores genéticos e ambientais. O objetivo do presente estudo foi investigar o papel das fissuras labiopalatinas na prevalência de cárie dentária por meio de uma revisão na literatura. O defeito anatômico que envolve o rebordo alveolar e/ou o palato pode resultar em agenesias dentárias, dentes supranumerários, anomalias de forma e estrutura, bem como atresia maxilar, mordidas cruzadas posteriores e apinhamentos dentários. Também, a presença da FLP pode resultar aos indivíduos problemas durante alimentação, pronúncia de alguns fonemas, audição e integração social, o que poderia afetar a qualidade de vida do indivíduo e da dinâmica familiar. Quando a saúde bucal de crianças e adolescentes com FLP foi investigada, maior retenção do biofilme microbiano nas superfícies dentárias, de inflamação gengival e maior ocorrência de cárie dentária foram observados. Para um diagnóstico e tratamento adequados, é fundamental uma abordagem multidisciplinar, individualizada, para orientação e planejamento do tratamento dos indivíduos com a malformação, desde o nascimento até a fase adulta. O conhecimento dos efeitos da FLP na saúde bucal e no bem-estar dos indivíduos e das famílias afetadas é fundamental para mudanças nas políticas públicas das práticas de saúde e redução da sobrecarga da presença da malformação congênita. Palavras-chave: Cárie Dentária. Fenda Labial. Fissura Palatina. Saúde Bucal Abstract Cleft lip and palate (CLP) are the most common congenital malformations of the craniofacial region and they present different phenotypes and clinical characteristics, which differ according to the anatomical structures involved: cleft lip, cleft lip and palate and isolated cleft palate. The etiology of CLP is multifactorial and includes genetic and environmental factors. The aim of this study was to investigate the role of cleft lip and palate in the prevalence of dental caries through a literature review. The anatomical defect involving the alveolar ridge and / or the palate can result in dental agenesis, supernumerary teeth, anomalies in shape and structure, as well as maxillary atresia, posterior cross bites and dental crowding. Also, the presence of CLP can result in problems for individuals during feeding, pronunciation of some phonemes, hearing and social integration, which could affect the individual's quality of life and family dynamics. When the oral health of children and adolescents with CLP was investigated, greater retention of microbial biofilm on dental surfaces, gingival inflammation and the occurrence of dental caries were observed. For an adequate diagnosis and treatment, a multidisciplinary and individualized approach is essential to guide and plan the treatment of individuals with the malformation, from birth to adulthood. The knowledge of the effects of FLP on oral health and on the well-being of affected individuals and families is fundamental to changes in public health practice policies and to reduce the burden of the presence of the congenital malformation. Keywords: Cleft Lip. Cleft Palate. Dental Caries. Oral Health.

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DENTAL CARIES AND PARENTS' KNOWLEDGE LEVEL IN MAINTAINING CHILDREN'S DENTAL HEALTH THROUGH TELESURVEY IN CIMAHI

10.54052/jhds.v1n2.p131-141 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 1 (Volume 1 No 2) ◽

pp. 131-141

Author(s):

Rina Putri Noer Fadilah ◽

Joana Rante Arung ◽

Novia Septiani ◽

Intan Wijayanthi ◽

Tania Syifomade ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Elementary School ◽

Oral Health ◽

Dental Caries ◽

Health Center ◽

Elementary School Students ◽

Health Workers ◽

Permanent Teeth ◽

School Students ◽

Screening Process ◽

Cross Sectional

Dental caries is the most common dental disease suffered by the Indonesian population, especially elementary school children—an oral dental condition caused by various factors, including children's lack of parental knowledge. The existence of a government program through the UKGS requires screening for every child in elementary school. The Covid-19 pandemic has hampered the screening process in elementary schools because students study online at home. This study aims to conduct a telesurvey of dental caries in children and determine parents' knowledge in maintaining the health of children's oral teeth. The cross-sectional method and the questionnaire were used in this study as a measuring tool. Furthermore, dental examinations are carried out using a gadget/mobile phone uploaded to the google form. The analysis used in this study is the univariate method. The results showed that 340 elementary school students at Padasuka Health Center had the primary teeth' caries index in the medium category. The caries index of the permanent teeth was in the deficient class. The prevalence of caries in elementary school students at Padasuka Health Center is 80%. At the same time, parental awareness regarding the maintenance of children's oral health is considered in the high category. The telesurvey conducted on elementary school students at Padasuka Health Center was used as an illustration to determine the status of oral health, particularly dental caries. Hopefully, the telesurvey will make it easier for respondents and health workers to assess oral health.

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Oral Health Problem Among Pregnant Mothers: Age And Attitude Do Matter

IIUM Medical Journal Malaysia ◽

10.31436/imjm.v16i2.1087 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 16 (2) ◽

Author(s):

Karimah Hanim binti Abd Aziz ◽

Nurjasmine Aida bt Jamani ◽

Zurainie bt Abllah

Keyword(s):

Oral Health ◽

Dental Caries ◽

Low Socioeconomic Status ◽

Health Problem ◽

Multinomial Logistic Regression ◽

Well Being ◽

Oral Health Problem ◽

Periodontal Index ◽

Pregnant Mothers ◽

Good Attitude

Introduction: Oral health care during pregnancy is greatly important as it is crucial to the health and well-being to both pregnant mother and baby. Studies showed that mothers with oral health problem have greater risk of prematurity and low birth weight babies. This study aimed to measure the associated factors of oral health problem among pregnant mothers. Materials and Methods: This cross sectional study was conducted among purposely selected 296 pregnant mothers aged 18- 45 years from the biggest district in Pahang State, Malaysia. This 18 months study used validated self-administered questionnaire which was asking on socio-demographic characteristics, and knowledge, attitude and practice on oral health. Oral health status was assessed by dentists using Community Periodontal Index of Treatment Need (DFMT index). Descriptive analysis used to describe respondents background and multinomial logistic regression used to examine the associations. Results: Majority of the respondents (89.9%) were among young mothers (35 years), Malay (91.9%), mean gestation of two, and from low socioeconomic status (59.5%). Of the 296 respondents, 111 (48.1%) had low experience with dental caries, 57 (24.7%) had moderate experience, and 63 (24.3%) had high experience with dental caries. Older age had higher risk to experience dental caries and those who had good attitude were protected, p=0.018 and p=0.023 respectively. Conclusion(s): Age and attitude were significant factors associated to oral health problem among pregnant mothers. Thus, health promotion and good attitude should be instilled from younger age.

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The correlation analysis of dental caries, general health conditions and daily performance in children aged 2-5 years old

Dental Journal (Majalah Kedokteran Gigi) ◽

10.20473/j.djmkg.v53.i3.p122-125 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 53 (3) ◽

pp. 122

Author(s):

Darmawan Setijanto ◽

Taufan Bramantoro ◽

Nanissa Dyah Anggraini ◽

Ardhyana Dea Maharani ◽

Dwita Angesti ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Oral Health ◽

Dental Caries ◽

Incidence Rate ◽

General Health ◽

Sampling Technique ◽

Well Being ◽

Health Conditions ◽

Oral Diseases ◽

Emotional Instability ◽

Cross Sectional

Background: Oral health is important for general health and quality of life. One of the oral diseases with a high prevalence in Indonesia is dental caries. Dental caries can cause limiting disturbances of daily activities such as biting, chewing, smiling and talking, and of psychosocial well-being, including development and general health of children. Purpose: This study aims to analyse the correlation of dental caries incidence rate with general health conditions and daily performance of children aged 2–5 years. Methods: This was an analytical observational cross-sectional study. The study sample was 103 pairs of children and their mothers, selected using cluster random sampling technique. Intra-oral examination was conducted on the children to obtain decay, missing, filled-teeth (DMF-T) index score. Information about oral impacts on daily performance (OIDP) of the children was collected through a questionnaire distributed to the mothers. The data obtained were statistically analysed with a regression test (p < 0.05). Results: It was found that dental caries had a significant correlation with general health (p = 0.00) and daily performance, including chewing function disorder (p = 0.00), difficulties in maintaining oral health (p = 0.039), sleep disorders (p = 0.00), and emotional instability (p = 0.00). Conclusion: The incidence rate of dental caries has a significant effect on the general health conditions and daily performance of children aged 2–5 years.

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Perbedaan Tingkat Kejadian Karies Gigi (DMF-T) antara Laki-Laki dan Perempuan Usia 12-14 Tahun

Dental Therapist Journal ◽

10.31965/dtl.v1i1.355 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 1 (1) ◽

pp. 23-27

Author(s):

Maria Mediatris Mbipa ◽

Mery Novaria Pay ◽

Apri Adiari Manu ◽

Melkisedek O. Nubatonis

Keyword(s):

Quality Of Life ◽

Oral Health ◽

Dental Caries ◽

Oral Cavity ◽

Incidence Rate ◽

Well Being ◽

Descriptive Study ◽

Tooth Decay ◽

Men And Women

Abstract: Differences in the incidence rate of dental caries (DMF-T) between men and women aged 12-14 years. Dental and oral health is the well-being of the oral cavity which enables a person to communicate effectively, enjoy various foods, be confident, and improve a better quality of life. Poor dental and oral health can result in disruption of masticatory function due to tooth malfunction. One form of tooth decay is dental caries. The purpose of this study was to determine the incidence of dental caries (DMF-T) between men and women in children aged 12-14 years at SMPN 10 Kota Kupang. This study uses a descriptive study that describes the incidence of dental caries between men and women aged 12-14 years in SMP Negeri 10 Kota Kupang. A sample of 66 people was taken 100% of the population. The results showed as many as 66 children as respondents consisting of 33 male respondents as many as 18 children affected by caries with very low criteria, while 33 female respondents were only 13 children with moderate criteria. It was concluded that the incidence rate of dental caries in boys was very low and the rate of dental caries in girls was moderate. Abstrak: Perbedaan Tingkat Kejadian Karies Gigi (DMF-T) antara Laki-Laki dan Perempuan Usia 12-14 Tahun. Kesehatan gigi dan mulut adalah kesejahteraan rongga mulut yang memungkinkan seseorang untuk berkomunikasi secara efektif, menikmati berbagai makanan, percaya diri dan meningkatkan kualitas hidup yang lebih baik. Kesehatan gigi dan mulut yang buruk dapat mengakibatkan terganggunya fungsi pengunyahan yang disebabkan karena tidak berfungsinya gigi. Salah satu bentuk dari kerusakan gigi adalah karies gigi. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui tingkat kejadian karies gigi (DMF-T) antara laki-laki dan perempuan pada anak usia 12-14 tahun di SMPN 10 Kota Kupang. Penelitian ini menggunakan jenis penelitian deskriptif yaitu menggambarkan tingkat kejadian karies gigi antara laki-laki dan perempuan usia 12-14 tahun di SMP Negeri 10 Kota Kupang. Sampel berjumlah 66 orang diambil 100% dari populasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan sebanyak 66 anak sebagai responden yang terdiri dari 33 responden laki-laki sebanyak 18 anak terkena karies dengan kriteria sangat rendah, sedangkan 33 responden perempuan hanya 13 anak dengan kriteria sedang. Disimpulkan bahwa tingkat kejadian karies gigi pada anak laki-laki termasuk kriteria sangat rendah dan tingkat kejadian karies gigi pada anak perempuan termasuk kriteria sedang. Kesehatan gigi dan mulut adalah kesejahteraan rongga mulut yang memungkinkan seseorang untuk berkomunikasi secara efektif, menikmati berbagai makanan, percaya diri dan meningkatkan kualitas hidup yang lebih baik. Kesehatan gigi dan mulut yang buruk dapat mengakibatkan terganggunya fungsi pengunyahan yang disebabkan karena tidak berfungsinya gigi. Salah satu bentuk dari kerusakan gigi adalah karies gigi. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui tingkat kejadian karies gigi (DMF-T) antara laki-laki dan perempuan pada anak usia 12-14 tahun di SMPN 10 Kota Kupang. Penelitian ini menggunakan jenis penelitian deskriptif yaitu menggambarkan tingkat kejadian karies gigi antara laki-laki dan perempuan usia 12-14 tahun di SMP Negeri 10 Kota Kupang. Sampel berjumlah 66 orang diambil 100% dari populasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan sebanyak 66 anak sebagai responden yang terdiri dari 33 responden laki-laki sebanyak 18 anak terkena karies dengan kriteria sangat rendah, sedangkan 33 responden perempuan hanya 13 anak dengan kriteria sedang. Disimpulkan bahwa tingkat kejadian karies gigi pada anak laki-laki termasuk kriteria sangat rendah dan tingkat kejadian karies gigi pada anak perempuan termasuk kriteria sedang.

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Oral Health Status in Autism Patients Children in Iraq

NeuroQuantology ◽

10.14704/nq.2021.19.6.nq21068 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 19 (6) ◽

pp. 54-60

Author(s):

Raghad R. Al-Zaidi

Keyword(s):

Oral Health ◽

Dental Caries ◽

Oral Care ◽

Mean Value ◽

Permanent Teeth ◽

Caries Experience ◽

Control Group ◽

Study Group ◽

Significant Difference ◽

And Control

Background: The autism spectrum disorder (ASD) has been introduced as one of the complicated developmental disabilities impairing communication and behavioral, intellectual as well as social functioning describes diverse symptoms, such as difficulties in communication skills and social interactions. The present research has been performed to assess seriousness of the dental caries in conjunction with the oral cleanliness amongst children suffering from autism in comparison with a control group according to age groups and gender. Materials and Methods: This research involved 30 children aged 3-14 years (male, female) who suffered from autism and attended autism centers in Welfare Children Teaching Hospital in Baghdad province, Iraq, were selected for the study compared to 30 healthy children with the same age group. Plaque (PlI), Decayed, missing, and filled surfaces (dmfs, DMFS), calculus (CI) as well as Gingival (GI) indices have been applied for measuring the status of oral health for these two groups. The data of our research has been analyzed by SPSS 26. Results: The entire autism group was caries active. For primary dentition, a lower dmfs values were recorded for study in comparison with the controls, differences have been not significant in dmfs, while for permanent dentition, a higher DMFS values were recorded for study in comparison with the control group with statistically significant concerning DMFS (P < 0.05). Moreover, caries experience (DS and DMFS) among both genders were higher in the study group in comparison with the controls with a significant difference in female only. Total mean value of PlI in the study group has been greater than the controls with no statistically significant difference. In addition, total mean value of GI in the study group has been lower than the controls with no statistically significant difference. Furthermore, correlation coefficient between the caries experience of primary and permanent teeth with PlI and GI among study and control group showed no significant correlations seen in the study and control groups, all of them were positively correlated except (ds) with (GI) in control group which was negatively correlated with no significant correlation. Conclusion: children with ASD had higher dental caries severity regarding permanent teeth compared to normal subjects, plaque higher in autistic group than control group. Dental care planners must design preventing strategies for avoiding caries; procedures for oral care as well as educational programs for oral care and promotion for addressing diverse challenges facing the oral care in ASD.

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