scholarly journals Phytochemical characterization of the ethanolic extract of Kaempferia galanga rhizome for anti-oxidant activities by HPTLC and GCMS

2022 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Flavius Phrangsngi Nonglang ◽  
Abhijeet Khale ◽  
Surya Bhan
Keyword(s):  
Gas Chromatography ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Freeze Drying ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Kaempferia Galanga ◽  
Anti Oxidant ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectroscopy ◽  
Layer Chromatography

Abstract Background The rhizome of Kaempferia galanga (K. galanga) was collected from Meghalaya, India, and its ethanolic extract was obtained by freeze-drying or lyophilization process, which was then assessed for its in vitro anti-oxidant activity and phytochemical characterization using high-performance thin-layer chromatography (HPTLC) and gas chromatography-mass spectroscopy (GCMS). Results In vitro anti-oxidant activity analysis shows an inhibitory concentration (IC50) value of 1.824 mg/mL and 0.307 mg/mL for, α, α-diphenyl-ρ-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and 2, 2′-azino-bis-3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid (ABTS) assays, respectively. Total polyphenol content (TPC) of 23.55 ± 0.5 mg gallic acid equivalent (GAE)/g dry weight of extract and total flavonoid content (TFC) of 100 ± 1.414 mg rutin equivalents (RE)/g dry weight of extract were found. High-performance thin-layer chromatography (HPTLC) analysis shows the best separation of bands at different retention factor (Rf) values, when employing the solvent system 2-butanol/1-propanol/water in the ratio of 3:1:1 (v/v/v). Gas chromatography-mass spectroscopy (GCMS) analysis confirms the presence and identification of various phytocompounds, with ethyl p-methoxycinnamate identified as the major active compound. Conclusion Freeze-dried ethanolic extract of K. galanga (rhizome) possesses anti-oxidant activity. Ethyl p-methoxycinnamate is present as the major bioactive component (about 94.87% of the total area composition), and since it has very important and diverse medicinal properties, a freeze-drying process (lyophilization) can be utilized for its isolation and extraction.

scholarly journals Extraction and Characterization of Sugarcane Peel Wax

ISRN Agronomy ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mangesh B. Inarkar ◽  
S. S. Lele
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Molecular Weight ◽  
Gas Chromatography ◽  
Fourier Transform ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Weight Basis ◽  
Ft Ir ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectroscopy ◽  
Layer Chromatography

Sugarcane peel is an agrowaste product and contains considerable amount of wax. This has a good technoeconomic potential. In view of this, the present study aims at extraction and characterization of wax from sugarcane peel. The yield of crude wax was 0.95% on dry weight basis. During Fourier transform-infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) prominent peaks obtained at 2921.73 and 2851.64 (–CH), 1463.44 (–CH2), 1376.96 (–CH3), 1108.4 and 1170.16 (–C–O) 3395.60 (–OH), 1710.25 (–CHO), and 1736.63 (–COOH) indicate presence of alkanes, ketones, alcohols, aldehydes, and carboxylic acids, respectively. Alcohol and hydrocarbon fractions were also found by thin layer chromatography (TLC). Melting point of crude wax was observed to be 62.1°C. Molecular weight of wax was estimated to be 1706 Dalton. Composition of crude wax found using gas chromatography-mass spectroscopy (GC-MS) was alkanes (28.83%), ester (66.26%), fatty acids (4.58%), aldehyde (0.11%), and alcohol (0.22%).

Identification of 3β-hydroxy-5,7-pregnadien-20-one and 3β-hydroxy-5,7-androstadien-17-one as endogenous steroids in the fetal horse gonad

1983 ◽  
Vol 99 (1) ◽  
pp. 87-92 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. D. Tait ◽  
S. Santikarn ◽  
W. R. Allen
Keyword(s):  
Gas Chromatography ◽  
High Performance Liquid Chromatography ◽  
Liquid Chromatography ◽  
Thin Layer ◽  
Mass Spectroscopy ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Synthetic Steroids ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectroscopy ◽  
Layer Chromatography ◽  
Endogenous Steroids

The 5,7-dienes, 3β-hydroxy-5,7-pregnadien-20-one and 3β-hydroxy-5,7-androstadien-17-one were extracted from fetal horse gonads and purified by solvent partition, thin-layer chromatography and high performance liquid chromatography. The isolated steroids were identified by comparison with the synthetic steroids using ultraviolet and mass spectroscopy and by gas chromatography–mass spectroscopy. The identification of these compounds as endogenous steroids, together with the data on their biosynthesis reported previously, support the proposal that in the fetal horse gonad there is a 5,7-diene pathway biosynthesizing 3β-hydroxy-5,7-androstadien-17-one, which is the proposed precursor for equilin in the placenta.

scholarly journals High-Performance Thin-Layer Chromatography Densitometric Determination of β-Sitosterol in Phyllanthus Species

2009 ◽  
Vol 92 (5) ◽  
pp. 1343-1348 ◽  
Author(s):  
Barbara Sparzak ◽  
Mirosawa Krauze-Baranowska ◽  
Loretta Pobocka-Olech
Keyword(s):  
Plant Material ◽  
Mobile Phase ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Phosphomolybdic Acid ◽  
In Vitro Cultures ◽  
Layer Chromatography ◽  
Interday Precision

Abstract An HPTLC densitometric method was established for the determination of -sitosterol in in vitro cultures of some species of the genus Phyllanthus. Two derivatization reagents commonly used in TLC for the visualization and detection of sterols, namely, anisaldehyde reagent and 5 phosphomolybdic acid, were compared with vanillin reagent. The densitometric quantification of -sitosterol was carried out on HPTLC Si60 F254 plates with the mobile phase chloroformhexanemethanol (65 + 30 + 5, v/v/v) at 525 nm. The method was validated for each derivatization reagent in terms of linearity, precision, repeatability, intra- and interday precision, LOD, and LOQ. The presence of -sitosterol was revealed in all analyzed plant material. The concentrations of -sitosterol determined ranged from 0.48 to 2.75 mg/g (dry weight). In addition, traces of -amyrin were detected in some plant samples.

scholarly journals Colchicine (a high-priced alkaloid) accumulation and HPTLC quantification in different stages of in vitro developed tuber of Gloriosa superba L.

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dipika Rathod ◽  
Jitendriya Panigrahi ◽  
Illa Patel
Keyword(s):  
Natural Environment ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Gloriosa Superba ◽  
Pharmaceutical Industries ◽  
Industrial Level ◽  
Layer Chromatography

Abstract Background Gloriosa superba L. belongs to Colchicaceae, which is an important medicinal plant containing high-priced alkaloid colchicines and other potent phytochemicals. Due to its extensive importance at the industrial level, this plant is overexploited. Moreover, indiscriminate harvesting for raw material leads to a decline in the population of this plant in the natural environment. Thus, the present study deals with the optimization of colchicine accumulation from the different intervals of in vitro and in vivo tubers of Gloriosa. Result To obtain in vitro tuberization, shoot tip explants were inoculated on Murashige and Skoog medium prepared with 3 mg/l BA and 0.5 mg/l Kn + 1 mg/l 2, 4-D followed by 2 mg/l BA + 0.2 mg/l NAA. In the high-performance thin-layer chromatography study (HPTLC), the linearity range of colchicine was set at a concentration range of 100–1000 ng/spot with a regression value (r) of 0.99. Its Rf value (0.25) was recorded at 254 nm. The colchicine amount in the in vivo tuber was 7.75 ± 0.25% dry weight, while the nearby amount of 7.7 ± 0.40% dry weight of colchicine was produced from 2 weeks in vitro old tuber. This value was followed by the 4th-week old tuber with 6.35 ± 0.17% dry weight and then a gradual decrease in its accumulation. Conclusion The significant results for the accumulation of colchicine at different stages were observed. Hence, this strategy of colchicine production creates a new possibility for improved production of colchicine under in vitro conditions which will be helpful to various pharmaceutical industries without damaging the plants from the natural environment. Graphical abstract

Phytochemical, Analytical and Medicinal Studies of Holoptelea integrifolia Roxb. Planch - A Review

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 270-277 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vijay Kumar ◽  
Simranjeet Singh ◽  
Ragini Bhadouria ◽  
Ravindra Singh ◽  
Om Prakash
Keyword(s):  
Liquid Chromatography ◽  
Thin Layer ◽  
Thin Layer Chromatography ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Toxicological Studies ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Layer Chromatography

Holoptelea integrifolia Roxb. Planch (HI) has been used to treat various ailments including obesity, osteoarthritis, arthritis, inflammation, anemia, diabetes etc. To review the major phytochemicals and medicinal properties of HI, exhaustive bibliographic research was designed by means of various scientific search engines and databases. Only 12 phytochemicals have been reported including biologically active compounds like betulin, betulinic acid, epifriedlin, octacosanol, Friedlin, Holoptelin-A and Holoptelin-B. Analytical methods including the Thin Layer Chromatography (TLC), High-Performance Thin Layer Chromatography (HPTLC), High-Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) and Liquid Chromatography With Mass Spectral (LC-MS) analysis have been used to analyze the HI. From medicinal potency point of view, these phytochemicals have a wide range of pharmacological activities such as antioxidant, antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, and anti-tumor. In the current review, it has been noticed that the mechanism of action of HI with biomolecules has not been fully explored. Pharmacology and toxicological studies are very few. This seems a huge literature gap to be fulfilled through the detailed in-vivo and in-vitro studies.

scholarly journals Optimization of sunflower head pectin extraction by ammonium oxalate and the effect of drying conditions on properties

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Xuemei Ma ◽  
Jiayi Yu ◽  
Jing Jing ◽  
Qian Zhao ◽  
Liyong Ren ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Performance ◽  
Freeze Drying ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Structural Characteristics ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Ammonium Oxalate ◽  
Extraction Process ◽  
Size Exclusion ◽  
Pharmaceutical Industries

AbstractPectin is a kind of natural and complex carbohydrates which is extensively used in food, chemical, cosmetic, and pharmaceutical industries. Fresh sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) heads were utilized as a novel source of pectin extracted by ammonium oxalate. The conditions of the extraction process were optimized implementing the response surface methodology. Under optimal extraction parameters (extraction time 1.34 h, liquid–solid ratio 15:1 mL/g, ammonium oxalate concentration 0.76% (w/v)), the maximum experimental yield was 7.36%. The effect of spray-drying and freeze-drying on the physiochemical properties, structural characteristics, and antioxidant activities was investigated by FT-IR spectroscopy, high performance size exclusion chromatography, and X-ray diffraction. The results showed freeze-drying lead to decrease in galacturonic acid (GalA) content (76.2%), molecular weight (Mw 316 kDa), and crystallinity. The antioxidant activities of pectin were investigated utilizing the in-vitro DPPH and ABTS radical-scavenging systems. This study provided a novel and efficient extraction method of sunflower pectin, and confirmed that different drying processes had an effect on the structure and properties of pectin.

scholarly journals Co-Microencapsulated Black Rice Anthocyanins and Lactic Acid Bacteria: Evidence on Powders Profile and In Vitro Digestion

Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (9) ◽  
pp. 2579
Author(s):  
Carmen-Alina Bolea ◽  
Mihaela Cotârleț ◽  
Elena Enachi ◽  
Vasilica Barbu ◽  
Nicoleta Stănciuc
Keyword(s):  
Lactic Acid ◽  
Lactic Acid Bacteria ◽  
Oryza Sativa L ◽  
Milk Proteins ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Hot Water ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Black Rice

Two multi-functional powders, in terms of anthocyanins from black rice (Oryza sativa L.) and lactic acid bacteria (Lactobacillus paracasei, L. casei 431®) were obtained through co-microencapsulation into a biopolymer matrix composed of milk proteins and inulin. Two extracts were obtained using black rice flour as a raw material and hot water and ethanol as solvents. Both powders (called P1 for aqueous extract and P2 for ethanolic extract) proved to be rich sources of valuable bioactives, with microencapsulation efficiency up to 80%, both for anthocyanins and lactic acid bacteria. A higher content of anthocyanins was found in P1, of 102.91 ± 1.83 mg cyanindin-3-O-glucoside (C3G)/g dry weight (DW) when compared with only 27.60 ± 17.36 mg C3G/g DW in P2. The morphological analysis revealed the presence of large, thin, and fragile structures, with different sizes. A different pattern of gastric digestion was observed, with a highly protective effect of the matrix in P1 and a maximum decrease in anthocyanins of approximatively 44% in P2. In intestinal juice, the anthocyanins decreased significantly in P2, reaching a maximum of 97% at the end of digestion; whereas in P1, more than 45% from the initial anthocyanins content remained in the microparticles. Overall, the short-term storage stability test revealed a release of bioactive from P2 and a decrease in P1. The viable cells of lactic acid bacteria after 21 days of storage reached 7 log colony forming units (CFU)/g DW.

scholarly journals Physiologically Active Compounds in Four Species of Phellinus

2017 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 1934578X1701200 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katarzyna Sułkowska-Ziaja ◽  
Anna Maślanka ◽  
Agnieszka Szewczyk ◽  
Bożena Muszyńska
Keyword(s):  
Phenolic Acids ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Total Content ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Hplc Method ◽  
Indole Compounds ◽  
Methanolic Extracts ◽  
Free Phenolic Acids ◽  
Layer Chromatography ◽  
Physiologically Active Compounds

The content of two groups of compounds with biological activity (non-hallucinogenic indole compounds and free phenolic acids) were analyzed in extracts of fruiting bodies of four species of Phellinus: P. igniarius, P. pini, P. pomaceus and P. robustus. The presence of indole compounds in methanolic extracts was analyzed by high-performance liquid chromatography and thin-layer chromatography coupled with densitometric detection. Three metabolites (serotonin, tryptamine, and L-tryptophan) were identified. The contents of individual indole compounds ranged from 1.70 (tryptamine in P. robustus) to 8.32 mg x 100 g1 dry weight (L-tryptophan in P. robustus). Four free phenolic acids were detected in methanolic extracts by the HPLC method. The total content ranged from 9.9 mg x 100 g1 DW (P. igniarius) to 32.5 mg x 100 g1 DW (P. robustus).

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