Nonlinear Analysis of Cable Net Structures Suspended from Arches with Block and Tackle Suspension System, Taking into Account the Friction of the Pulleys

2009 ◽  
Vol 24 (3) ◽  
pp. 143-152 ◽  
Author(s):  
Krisztián Hincz
Keyword(s):  
Structural Analysis ◽  
Static Analysis ◽  
Simple Structure ◽  
Complex Structure ◽  
Numerical Procedure ◽  
Suspension System ◽  
Dynamic Relaxation ◽  
Final State ◽  
The Stability ◽  
External Loads

A numerical procedure for the static analysis of arch-supported tensile structures with block and tackle suspension system is presented. The procedure, based on dynamic relaxation, is suitable for a structural analysis both in the prestressing process and in a final state under external loads. The friction between the pulley and its shaft is also taken into account in the analysis. After the introduction of the developed procedure, two structures are presented as examples. The analysis of a very simple structure validates the procedure, then the analysis of a more complex structure, an arch-supported cable net roof illustrates the stability and efficiency of the procedure.

scholarly journals Biochemical and Structural Characterization of Cross-Linked Enzyme Aggregates (CLEAs) of Organic Solvent Tolerant Protease

Catalysts ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 55 ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhammad Syafiq Mohd Razib ◽  
Raja Noor Zaliha Raja Abd Rahman ◽  
Fairolniza Mohd Shariff ◽  
Mohd Shukuri Mohamad Ali
Keyword(s):  
Structural Analysis ◽  
Organic Solvent ◽  
Average Diameter ◽  
Relative Activity ◽  
Biochemical Properties ◽  
Biochemical Interaction ◽  
Organic Solvent Tolerant ◽  
Random Aggregate ◽  
Solvent Tolerant ◽  
The Stability

Cross-linked enzyme aggregates (CLEAs) is an immobilization technique that can be used to customize enzymes under an optimized condition. Structural analysis on any enzyme treated with a CLEA remains elusive and has been less explored. In the present work, a method for preparing an organic solvent tolerant protease using a CLEA is disclosed and optimized for better biochemical properties, followed by an analysis of the structure of this CLEA-treated protease. The said organic solvent tolerant protease is a metalloprotease known as elastase strain K in which activity of the metalloprotease is measured by a biochemical interaction with azocasein. Results showed that when a glutaraldehyde of 0.02% (v/v) was used under a 2 h treatment, the amount of recovered activity in CLEA-elastase was highest. The recovered activity of CLEA-elastase and CLEA-elastase-SB (which was a CLEA co-aggregated with starch and bovine serum albumin (BSA)) were at an approximate 60% and 80%, respectively. The CLEA immobilization of elastase strain K allowed the stability of the enzyme to be enhanced at high temperature and at a broader pH. Both CLEA-elastase and CLEA-elastase-SB end-products were able to maintain up to 67% enzyme activity at 60 °C and exhibiting an enhanced stability within pH 5–9 with up to 90% recovering activity. By implementing a CLEA on the organic solvent tolerant protease, the characteristics of the organic solvent tolerant were preserved and enhanced with the presence of 25% (v/v) acetonitrile, ethanol, and benzene at 165%, 173%, and 153% relative activity. Structural analysis through SEM and dynamic light scattering (DLS) showed that CLEA-elastase had a random aggregate morphology with an average diameter of 1497 nm.

Structural and Static Analysis of the Mechanisms Used in Car Mechanical Jacks

2016 ◽  
Vol 823 ◽  
pp. 277-282
Author(s):  
Viorica Velișcu ◽  
Dan Mesarici ◽  
Păun Antonescu
Keyword(s):  
Structural Analysis ◽  
Static Analysis ◽  
Kinematic Chain ◽  
Gravity Force ◽  
Complex Mechanisms

The paper presents a structural analysis of the complex mechanisms type screw-jack. The mechanism mobilityanalysis using various generally applicable formulas has been performed. A newkinematic scheme of the jack linkage has been proposed. Besides the actuatorscrew, it has a planar kinematic chain with articulated bars. With regard tothis new mechanism, an algorithm for static calculus has been developed, inwhich the automobile gravity force is the main exterior force.

A Statistical Test for the Stability of Covariance Structure

2013 ◽  
Vol 63 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nur Syahidah Yusoff ◽  
Maman Abdurachman Djauhari
Keyword(s):  
Covariance Matrix ◽  
Complex Structure ◽  
Covariance Structure ◽  
Statistical Test ◽  
Dispersion Measure ◽  
Data Sets ◽  
Scalar Representation ◽  
Multivariate Dispersion ◽  
Sample Covariance ◽  
The Stability

The stability of covariance matrix is a major issue in multivariate analysis. As can be seen in the literature, the most popular and widely used tests are Box M-test and Jennrich J-test introduced by Box in 1949 and Jennrich in 1970, respectively. These tests involve determinant of sample covariance matrix as multivariate dispersion measure. Since it is only a scalar representation of a complex structure, it cannot represent the whole structure. On the other hand, they are quite cumbersome to compute when the data sets are of high dimension since they do not only involve the computation of determinant of covariance matrix but also the inversion of a matrix. This motivates us to propose a new statistical test which is computationally more efficient and, if it is used simultaneously with M-test or J-test, we will have a better understanding about the stability of covariance structure. An example will be presented to illustrate its advantage

A New CRONE Suspension: More Compact and More Efficient: Part 2—Synthesis and Achievement

2009 ◽  
Author(s):  
Audrey Rizzo ◽  
Xavier Moreau ◽  
Alain Oustaloup ◽  
Vincent Hernette
Keyword(s):  
Transfer Function ◽  
Fractional Derivative ◽  
Vibration Isolation ◽  
Suspension System ◽  
Technological Parameters ◽  
Stability Degree ◽  
Parallel Arrangement ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Crone Suspension ◽  
The Ideal

In a vibration isolation context, fractional derivative can be used to design suspensions which allow to obtain similar performances in spite of parameters uncertainties. This paper presents the synthesis and the achievement of a new Hydractive CRONE suspension system. After the study of the different constraint in suspension in the first paper, the ideal transfer function of the hydractive CRONE suspension is created and simulated in different case. Then a method to determine the technological parameters is proposed. A parallel arrangement of dissipative and capacitive components and a gamma arrangement are compared. They lead to the same unusual performances: the stability degree robustness and the rapidity robustness.

scholarly journals Methyl phenlactonoates are efficient strigolactone analogs with simple structure

2017 ◽  
Vol 69 (9) ◽  
pp. 2319-2331 ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhammad Jamil ◽  
Boubacar A Kountche ◽  
Imran Haider ◽  
Xiujie Guo ◽  
Valentine O Ntui ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Simple Structure ◽  
Complex Structure ◽  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal ◽  
Structural Diversity ◽  
Striga Hermonthica ◽  
Biological Processes ◽  
Structural Modifications ◽  
New Class ◽  
Agricultural Applications

abstract Strigolactones (SLs) are a new class of phytohormones that also act as germination stimulants for root parasitic plants, such as Striga spp., and as branching factors for symbiotic arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi. Sources for natural SLs are very limited. Hence, efficient and simple SL analogs are needed for elucidating SL-related biological processes as well as for agricultural applications. Based on the structure of the non-canonical SL methyl carlactonoate, we developed a new, easy to synthesize series of analogs, termed methyl phenlactonoates (MPs), evaluated their efficacy in exerting different SL functions, and determined their affinity for SL receptors from rice and Striga hermonthica. Most of the MPs showed considerable activity in regulating plant architecture, triggering leaf senescence, and inducing parasitic seed germination. Moreover, some MPs outperformed GR24, a widely used SL analog with a complex structure, in exerting particular SL functions, such as modulating Arabidopsis roots architecture and inhibiting rice tillering. Thus, MPs will help in elucidating the functions of SLs and are promising candidates for agricultural applications. Moreover, MPs demonstrate that slight structural modifications clearly impact the efficiency in exerting particular SL functions, indicating that structural diversity of natural SLs may mirror a functional specificity.

scholarly journals Effect of Road Profile on Suspension System of Heavy Truck

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 71-75
Author(s):  
Salem F. Salman
Keyword(s):  
Steering System ◽  
Suspension System ◽  
The Road ◽  
Road Profile ◽  
Road Roughness ◽  
Road Type ◽  
Heavy Truck ◽  
Main Factors ◽  
On The Road ◽  
The Stability

All vehicles are affected by the type of the road they are moving on it.  Therefore the stability depends mainly on the amount of vibrations and steering system, which in turn depend on two main factors: the first is on the road type, which specifies the amount of vibrations arising from the movement of the wheels above it, and the second on is the type of the used suspension system, and how the parts connect with each other. As well as the damping factors, the tires type, and the used sprungs. In the current study, we will examine the effect of the road roughness on the performance coefficients (speed, displacement, and acceleration) of the joint points by using a BOGE device.

scholarly journals External functions of the President of Ukraine in the context of ensuring the security of the state

1970 ◽  
pp. 402-405
Author(s):  
Taisiia Barilovska
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Policy ◽  
Legal Status ◽  
Separation Of Powers ◽  
Complex Structure ◽  
The State ◽  
International Level ◽  
Interstate Relations ◽  
Head Of State ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Stability

The purpose of the article is to clarify the external functions of the President of Ukraine in the context of ensuring the security of the state. The mechanism of performing the external functions of Ukraine is characterized by the complex structure of interrelated and interacting relations. Of particular importance in this mechanism is the President of Ukraine, who, in accordance with the powers enshrined in the Constitution of Ukraine and Ukrainian legislation, heads this mechanism and coordinates the operation of its parts. The foreign policy activities of the President of Ukraine are based on the general principles of separation of powers, of the rule of law, of constitutional responsibility, and on the specific principles of the unity and of the support of foreign policy. In order to improve the operation of the mechanism of implementing foreign policy, headed by the President of Ukraine, the measures aimed at intensifying foreign policy activities and enhancing the independence of the Government of Ukraine and developing the scientific component of this mechanism are required. The process of performing external functions of the state implies the existence of an appropriate mechanism. The mechanism of performing Ukraine’s external functions includes elements that are heterogeneous in their task, legal status, organization and other characteristics, which in their turn are interrelated and interacting. The President of Ukraine has a special place in this mechanism. In accordance with the Constitution of Ukraine, he directs the foreign policy of the country and as a head of state represents Ukraine in international relations. The logic of the current stage of the development of interstate relations strongly confirms that in order to effectively strengthen the common peace and international security, a unified strategy of interacting and regulating the external functions and powers of the presidents at the international level in ensuring this security must be developed. Perhaps, one of the most important functions of the President of Ukraine at the international level is the external function of ensuring the security of the state. Until the state has the security of its own territory and borders, other functions do not matter, because security is the guarantee of the stability, and therefore, the possibility of ensuring other functions.

scholarly journals Avaliação da estabilidade de agregados e a vulnerabilidade à erosão ao longo de uma vertente no município de Araruna, região noroeste do Paraná-Brasil / Evaluation of aggregates stability and vulnerability to erosion along a shed in the municipality of Araruna, northwest region of Paraná-Brazil

2018 ◽  
Vol 28 (55) ◽  
pp. 845-862
Author(s):  
Fabiana Barros Medeiros ◽  
Francieli Sant'ana Marcatto ◽  
Hélio Silveira ◽  
MariaTeresa De Nóbrega
Keyword(s):  
Structural Analysis ◽  
Soil Cover ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Soil Horizons ◽  
Water Flows ◽  
Sandstone Formation ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Northwest Region

Esta pesquisa tem como objetivo estudar a vulnerabilidade à erosão dos solos da zona de contato do arenito da Formação Caiuá com o basalto da Formação Serra Geral, no município de Araruna, Mesorregião Noroeste Paranaense, dando enfoque ao papel da estabilidade da estrutura atual dos solos, considerando-se as alterações produzidas pelas formas de uso e ocupação da área. A análise realizada também considerou as variações das características morfológicas dos solos em perfil e ao longo da litossequência (sistema pedológico), assim como os seus reflexos na geração de setores mais ou menos suscetíveis à erosão na vertente. Para o levantamento dos solos ao longo da vertente foram utilizados os procediments propostos pela Análise Estrutural da Cobertura Pedológica e a coleta de amostras para a determinação da granulometria e estabilidade de agregados. Os resultados indicaram a ação dos fluxos de água laterais e verticais, atuando na transformação dos horizontes dos solos ao longo da vertente e uma variação da estabilidade estrutural associada as características morfológicas dos solos e ao tipo de uso e manejo empregado. Os Argissolos apresentaram agregados pequenos e um gradiente textural entre o horizonte superficial e subsuperficial, lhe conferindo uma forte suscetibilidade a erosão. O Nitossolo não apresentou grande diferenciação no tamanho dos agregados, exceto no horizonte Bw, onde a redução no tamanho dos agregados se associaram a mudança morfológica da estrutura do solo.AbstractThis research aims to study the vulnerability to soil erosion of the contact zone of the sandstone Formation Caiuá with basalt of the Serra Geral Formation, in the municipality of Araruna, Paraná Northwest Region, giving focus to the role of the stability of the current structure of soils, considering the changes produced by the forms of use and occupation of the area. The analysis also considered variations of morphological characteristics of soils in profile and along the lithosactivity (pedological system), as well as your reflexes in the generation of sectors more or less susceptible to erosion in the shed. For the survey of the soils along the strand, the procedures proposed by the Structural Analysis of the Pedological Coverage and the collection of samples for the determination of the granulometry and stability of aggregates were used. The results indicated the action of the lateral and vertical water flows, acting on the transformation of the soil horizons along the slope and a variation of the structural stability associated with the morphological characteristics of the soils and the type of use and management used. The Argisols presented small aggregates and a textural gradient between the surface and subsurface horizon, giving it a strong susceptibility to erosion. The Nitossolo did not show great differentiation in the size of the aggregates, except in the Bw horizon, where the reduction in the size of the aggregates was associated to the morphological change of the soil structure.Keywords: structural analysis of the soil cover, stability of aggregates, susceptibility to erosion, pedological systems.

scholarly journals Design and Analysis of Chassis of Four-Seater Car

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (8) ◽  
pp. 1661-1668
Author(s):  
Murli Jha
Keyword(s):  
Structural Analysis ◽  
Electric Vehicle ◽  
Static Analysis ◽  
Calculated Result ◽  
Ansys Software ◽  
Space Frame ◽  
Suitable Material ◽  
Initial Design ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Selection Of

Abstract: The initial dimensions and weight for the vehicle is considered from the Audi A8 vehicle as a reference. The specifications for the motor and battery are considered for the Mahindra e2o electric vehicle of similar dimensions. The main objective of this paper is to model and perform static analysis on the chassis of a four-seater car. The initial design for the chassis was a space frame body which is very rigid and had very less deflection. The second and final chassis is a ladder type chassis which is most common chassis type being used in Nepal and India. The difference in deflection between both the chassis type is very less, which is about 0.3235 mm for a reasonable reduction in weight which is about 120 Kg. The simulation part is carried out in ANSYS software. The result is selection of best suitable material for chassis on the basis of ANSYS and theoretically calculated result. Keywords: Chassis, Structural Analysis, Optimization, Four seater car

Phase Stability of the Sigma Phase in Fe-Cr Based Alloys

1995 ◽  
Vol 408 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcel Il. F ◽  
Sluiter. Koivan Esfurjani ◽  
Yoshiyuki Kawazoe
Keyword(s):  
Total Energy ◽  
Phase Stability ◽  
First Principles ◽  
Finite Temperature ◽  
Sigma Phase ◽  
Complex Structure ◽  
Unit Cell ◽  
Energy Calculations ◽  
Cluster Variation ◽  
The Stability

AbstractThe FeCr sigma phase is a good example of a complex structure: it. has 30 atoms in the unit cell and 5 inequivalent lattice sites, and it belongs to the class of tetrahedrally close packed structures, also known as Frank-Kaspar structures. So far. such structures have riot been treated within a first-principles statistical thermodynamics framework. It will be shown that dtlme to advances in algorithms and hardware important features of the phase stability of complex phases can be computed. The factors which affect the stability of the sigma phase have been studied using carefully selected supercells for electronic total energy calculations. cluster variation calc:ulations in the tet.rahedron approximation were performed to evaluate the effect of partial disorder and of finite temperature. The preferred occupancy of the 5 lattice sites has been investigated and is compared with experimental determinations.

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