scholarly journals Comparative antimicrobial studies on plant species known as ’Pasak Bumi': Eurycoma longifolia Jack., Rennelia elliptica Korth. and Trivalvaria macrophylla miq.

F1000Research ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
pp. 301
Author(s):  
Harlinda Kuspradini ◽  
Sisilia Silau ◽  
Supartini Supartini ◽  
Enih Rosamah ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Medicinal Plant ◽  
Plant Species ◽  
Activity Index ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Antimicrobial Activities ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Phenol Content ◽  
Streptococcus Sobrinus ◽  
Eurycoma Longifolia ◽  
Antimicrobial Studies

Pasak Bumi is a local name for a medicinal plant in Kalimantan, Indonesia. It is a famous medicinal plant and commonly used in traditional medicine as an aphrodisiac, as well as in the treatment of malaria. Pasak Bumi is a commercial name for Eurycoma longifolia (Simaroubaceae) plant species. Besides Eurycoma longifolia there are two other plant species also known locally as Pasak Bumi, Rennelia elliptica (Rubiaceae) and Trivalvaria macrophylla (Annonaceae). This study was performed to investigate the antimicrobial activities of the different species of Pasak Bumi and its total phenol contents. The antimicrobial activity of the ethanol extract was determined using the Agar Well Diffusion method at various concentrations while the phenol content was determined by the Folin - Ciocalteu method. The results of the ethanol extract from the different root showed that the T. macrophylla had the highest phenol content, and the highest activity index (AI) was found in the E. longifolia (0.96 at 1000 µg concentration). The results of this study show that the three different Pasak Bumi have potential as antimicrobials against oral pathogen; 1 yeast: Candida albicans, and 3 bacterias: Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus mutans, and Streptococcus sobrinus.

Pharmacognostical fingerprinting and selective bioactivity studies of Solanum glaucophyllum Desf.

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Anindya Sundar Ray ◽  
Suman Kalyan Mandal ◽  
Chowdhury Habibur Rahaman
Keyword(s):  
Medicinal Plant ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Inhibition Zone ◽  
Phytochemical Analysis ◽  
Antimicrobial Studies ◽  
Maximum Inhibition ◽  
Crude Drugs ◽  
Phytochemical Studies ◽  
Dpph Radical Scavenging

Solanum glaucophyllum Desf. (Solanaceae) is traditionally used for curing several health conditions in both human and domesticated animals. There is no data available regarding pharmacognostic standardization and pharmacological activity of this less known medicinal plant. Therefore, the aim of the present work is to prepare pharmacognostic fingerprints of crude drugs obtained from the leaf and stem parts of S. glaucophyllum. Apart from this detailed phytochemical analysis, antioxidant and antimicrobial studies have also been carried out. Pharmacognostic study revealed that the leaves are amphistomatic and stomata are strictly of anisocytic type. Values of stomatal index, palisade ratio, ash content of the investigated parts are found distinct and can be used as pharmacognostic standards for evaluation of crude drugs of this medicinal plant. Phytochemical studies of the leaf and stem parts indicated that phenolics, flavonoids, tannins and alkaloids are present in quite impressible amount. Curcumin content in stem was found very high through HPLC analysis. In DPPH radical scavenging assay, the stem part showed significant antioxidant potential. Ethanol extract of stem produced maximum inhibition zone (11mm) against Pseudomonas aeruginosa at the concentration of 50 mg/ml among five test microorganisms. Some pharmacognostic features recorded in this study as diagnostic ones will help in proper identification of this ethnomedicinal plant in its fresh as well as dried form. On the other hand preliminary phytochemical, antioxidant and antimicrobial studies highlight the S. glaucophyllum as a promising candidate for bioprospecting.

scholarly journals Design of antiseptic formulations containing extract of Plinia cauliflora

2011 ◽  
Vol 47 (3) ◽  
pp. 525-533 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lara Alexandre de Oliveira ◽  
Tatiana Maria de Souza-Moreira ◽  
Letícia Caramori Cefali ◽  
Bruna Galdorfini Chiari ◽  
Marcos Antonio Corrêa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lactobacillus Acidophilus ◽  
Microbiological Quality ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Pharmaceutical Formulations ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Total Phenol Content ◽  
Phenol Content ◽  
Agar Diffusion ◽  
Physicochemical Stability ◽  
Layer Chromatography

The leaves of the Brazilian species Plinia cauliflora were used to obtain active hydroalcoholic extract and fractions enabling the development of efficient antiseptic pharmaceutical formulations. A chemical composition of 70% ethanol extract, aqueous and ethyl acetate fractions was analyzed by thin-layer chromatography and for phenol content. Antimicrobial activity was tested against Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus epidermidis, Escherichia coli, Lactobacillus acidophilus and Candida albicans by the agar diffusion method and the minimum inhibitory concentration was assayed by broth microdilution. Extract microbiological quality was tested to avoid contamination in the formulations. A mouthwash and a topical cream containing the extract were developed and antiseptic activity was assessed by agar diffusion. Sensory and physicochemical stability of the formulations were assayed. Chromatography indicated the presence of terpenes, flavonoids and tannins in the extract and fractions and total phenol content were found to be high. The plant samples were active against all the microorganisms tested, except for Lactobacillus acidophilus. Both topical formulations showed antiseptic activity and stability. Thus, these may be used as antimicrobials in skin infections, but would be more useful in the treatment of candidiasis.

Comparative study of the ethanol extracts of six Acinos Miller species: chemical composition, antimicrobial and antioxidative activities

2020 ◽  
Vol 48 (1) ◽  
pp. 53-65
Author(s):  
Tatjana D. GOLUBOVIĆ ◽  
Gordana S. STOJANOVIĆ ◽  
Dušanka V. KITIĆ ◽  
Bojan K. ZLATKOVIĆ ◽  
Dragana R. PAVLOVIĆ ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Salmonella Enteritidis ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Antimicrobial Activities ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Disk Diffusion Method ◽  
Fungal Organisms ◽  
Ethanol Extracts

The ethanol extracts of selected Acinos Miller species were investigated in terms of chemical composition, antimicrobial and antioxidative activities. Qualitative and quantitative analyses of the extracts were performed using GC and GC-MS. Eighty-six constituents, accounting for 93.70-99.99% of the total composition of the extracts, were identified. The ethanol extracts of A. majoranifolius, A. suaveolens and A. alpinus were characterized by domination of monoterpenes, representing 85.03%, 57.39% and 28.02% of the total extracts, respectively. Fatty acids and their esters in the A. arvensis and A. graveolens extracts reached 28.97% and 30.75%. Also, n-alkanes were the major compounds found in A. hungaricus ethanol extract (30.98%). The extracts were characterized by determination of total polyphenols, flavonoids and tannins. Besides, the antioxidant activity of the investigated extracts was estimated by two assays: DPPH and FRAP test. The highest antioxidant activity was observed in the extract of A. alpinus which had high levels of all examined polyphenol classes. A disk diffusion method was employed for the determination of the antimicrobial activities of the ethanol extracts. Gram-positive: Bacillus subtilis, Sarcina lutea, Staphylococcus aureus, Clostridium pyogenes, Enterococcus sp., Micrococcus flavus; Gram-negative: Klebsiella pneumoniae, Pseudomonas aerugionsa, Salmonella enteritidis, Proteus vulgaris, Escherichia coli and fungal organisms: Aspergillus niger, Candida albicans and Saccharomyces cerevisiae were used as test microorganisms. The results of preliminary bioassay demonstrated that the A. alpinus ethanol extract could be a possible source of compounds with antioxidant and antimicrobial activity.

scholarly journals Antibacterial, Anti-inflammatory and Antioxidant Potential of Ethanol Extract of Ipomoea staphylina Roem. & Schult

2021 ◽  
pp. 97-106
Author(s):  
G. Kokila ◽  
P. Jeevan
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Medicinal Plant ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Inflammatory Activity ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Drug Candidate ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Anti Inflammatory

In the present study we evaluate the antibacterial, anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activity of medicinal plant Ipomoea staphylina Roem & Schult. Many bacteria are harmful to human beings and animals. Theses bacteria make diseases the host organisms. Many antibiotics are available in the marker for the treatment of bacterial diseases. However, antibiotics cause unwanted side effect. Thus, the study focused to evaluate ethanol extract of Ipomoea staphylina against bacterial pathogens. Antibacterial activity was evaluated by the method of well diffusion method. Antiinflamatory and antioxidant activity was evaluated by in vitro study method. Ethanol extract of Ipomoea staphylina showed antibacterial activity against different bacteria isolated from chicken at dose depended manner ie., higher dose of plant extract possessed maximum inhibition zone (21.67 ± 1.45 mm) (P<0.05) against selected bacteria. Moreover, plant ethanol extract possessed anti-inflammatory activity and antioxidant activity at dose dependent manner (P<0.05). Higher dose (100 μg/ml) of ethanol extract of Ipomoea staphylina showed maximum anti-inflammatory activity (68.38 %) and antioxidant activity (72%). From this result it is concluded that the medicinal plant Ipomoea staphylina Roem. & Schult. possessed antibacterial, anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activity. Further detailed study will be conducted for the new drug candidate discovery.

scholarly journals Evaluation of antimicrobial potential and phytochemical screening of Moringa oleifera leave extract: An Emerging folkloric medicinal plant in Maiduguri, Borno state, Nigeria

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 043-047
Author(s):  
Fatima Adamu Lawan ◽  
Binta Baba Shehu ◽  
Ali Abba Gana Benisheikh ◽  
Abba Mohammad Dige ◽  
Hassan Arabi Jidda ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
Medicinal Plant ◽  
Moringa Oleifera ◽  
Antimicrobial Activities ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Moderate Activity ◽  
Phytochemical Screening ◽  
Antimicrobial Potential ◽  
Agar Disc

The aim of this study was to evaluate the antimicrobial potential and phytochemical screening of Moringa oleifera leave extract as folkloric medicinal alternative. The phytochemical screening result revealed the presence of Alkanoids, Saponins, Fats & oil, Terpenoids and Tanin in all the solvents used for the study. Agar-disc diffusion method were used to determine the antimicrobial activities of the Moringa oleifera extracts on microorganisms. Maximum activities of inhibition were recorded on Ethyl acetate (50mg/ml) against Pseudomonas auroginusa, moderarate activities against Escherichia coli. Likewise 50mg/ml of Haxane extract show weak activities on Pseudomonas aeruginosa, moderate in both Staphalococcus aureus and Escherichia coli. Whereas 50mg/ml of Methanol show moderate activity on Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphalococcus aureus and weak activities on Escherichia coli respectively. The research revealed that Moringa oleifera bioactive components would be a safer alternative for curative and preventive emerging folkloric medicinal plant for treatment of bacterial ailments in Maiduguri, Borno state, Nigeria.

Antimicrobial Activities of Bryophyllum pinnatum on Some Selected Clinical Isolates.

2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
I A Ibikunle
Keyword(s):  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Antibacterial Activities ◽  
Salmonella Typhi ◽  
Antimicrobial Activities ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Resistant Bacteria ◽  
Dilution Method ◽  
Test Organisms ◽  
Bryophyllum Pinnatum

Ethanol, methanol and aqueous extracts of the leaves of Bryophyllum pinnatum obtained through cold maceration, were screened for their antibacterial activities against selected multi-drug resistant bacteria (Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Salmonella typhi Staphylococcus aureus) using the agar well diffusion method. Broth dilution method was used to determine the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) of the extracts at concentrations ranging from 100mg/ml to 25mg/ml. The ethanol extract was the most reactive while the aqueous extract showed lesser antibacterial activity. Ofloxacin was the most effective antibiotic in the antibiotic susceptibility profiling of the test organisms. It was however evident that the ethanol extract of Bryophyllum pinnatum has higher antibacterial efficacy on the test organisms than Ofloxacin. Bacteriostatic and -cidal activities were exhibited by the plant extracts against the organisms ranging from 25 – 100 × 103 µg/ml. Succinctly, Bryophyllum pinnatum possesses biologically active constituents with explorable pharmacological potentials.

scholarly journals ELEMENTAL AND MEDICINAL EVALUATION OF THE LEAF EXTRACT OF PILOSTIGMA RETICULATUM (DC) HOCHST

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (7) ◽  
pp. 391-397
Author(s):  
O. Adeyanju ◽  
S. V. Francis ◽  
R. R. Ede ◽  
P.S. Jang ◽  
J.K. Bulus
Keyword(s):  
Elemental Analysis ◽  
Leaf Extract ◽  
Antimicrobial Agents ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Inhibition Zone ◽  
Antimicrobial Activities ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Plant Sample ◽  
Antimicrobial Studies ◽  
Phytochemical Investigation

Elemental analysis, phytochemical screening and antimicrobial activities of aqueous and ethanolic leaf extract of Pilostigma reticulatum (dc) Hochst were studied using paper disc diffusion method against Streptococcus pyogen, Escherichia coli and Salmonella thvpi. Elemental analysis of the plant sample revealed the presence of Ca (1.51 ± 0.01μg/g), Mg (0.43 ± 0.02μg/g). P (0.29 ± 0.01 μg/g), Mn (3.01 ± 0.01 μg/g), Fe (1.04 ± 0.01 μg/g), Zn (1.05 ± 0.02  and Cu was below detectable limit(BDL).The results of the antimicrobial studies indicated that the extracts inhibited the growth of one or more tested pathogens.The ethanolic extract showed a broad spectrum of antimicrobial activity. Phytochemical investigation revealed the presence of tannins, alkaloids, glycosides, flavonoids, carbohydrates and terpenes. Anthraquinone and saponin were not present. Inhibition zone by the extract ranges from 4.0mm to 30mm.The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) ranges from 8.0 x102 µg/ml to 1x104 µg/ml. Pilostigma reticulatum leaf may be able to produce antimicrobial agents in drug delivery.

scholarly journals Nickel Oxide-Catalyzed Synthesis of 4-Amino-2H-Chromenes: Its Application in Antimicrobial Studies and Towards Protein Docking

2019 ◽  
Vol 31 (5) ◽  
pp. 1049-1056
Author(s):  
A. Neela ◽  
T. Clarina ◽  
V. Rama
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Nickel Oxide ◽  
Aromatic Aldehydes ◽  
Catalytic Amount ◽  
Antimicrobial Activities ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Protein Docking ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Nickel Oxide Nanoparticles ◽  
Antimicrobial Studies

This work involves the synthesis of densely functionalized 2-amino-4H-chromenes by domino Knoevenagel-Michael-cyclization reaction of aromatic aldehydes, β-naphthol and malononitrile in the presence of a catalytic amount of a heterogeneous and reusable green NiO nanoparticle at 50 °C. The biogenic nickel oxide nanoparticles are characterized by Fourier transform infrared radiation, X-ray diffraction analysis, scanning electron microscopy and transmission electron microscopy. The synthesized chromenes are characterized by IR, NMR spectra. The synthesized chromene derivatives are studied for microbial inhibition by Kirby-Bauer disc diffusion method using amikacin and flucanazole as positive control. The compounds are found to have good to moderate antimicrobial activities. Their bio evaluation has been carried out with a protein and identified promising ligands for Mycobacterium tuberculosis InhA through molecular docking.

Antimicrobial Activities of Extracts of Apocynum venetum Fibers

2011 ◽  
Vol 236-238 ◽  
pp. 2544-2547
Author(s):  
Ming Hua Li ◽  
Guang Ting Han ◽  
Yuan Ming Zhang ◽  
Jian Yong Yu
Keyword(s):  
Agar Plate ◽  
Total Content ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Antibacterial Activities ◽  
Antimicrobial Activities ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Bioactive Components ◽  
Bacillus Lentus ◽  
Apocynum Venetum

The total content of flavonoids of extracts of Apocynum venetum (AV) fibers were determined by UV spectrophotometer. The antimicrobial activities of AV extracts were also tested using agar plate diffusion method. The results showed that the total content of flavonoids of extracts of AV fibers was 0.76 mg/g. The ethanol extract of AV fibers were partitioned by EtOH, n-BuOH and H2O. Each part was screened for antibacterial activities. The EtOH faction of extract was the most effective against Staphylococcus aureus, Staphyloccus edidernidis,Bacillus lentus, Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Candida albicans. The fractions of n-BuOH and H2O did not show any inhibitory effect on the tested bacterial and fungi. The present work is the foundation for further isolating and purifying the bioactive components in AV fibers.

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