Types of Inner States of Protagonists in Fictional Communication between the Hero and the Reader

10.12737/3451 ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 45-48 ◽  
Author(s):  
Федотова ◽  
Oksana Fedotova
Keyword(s):  
English Language ◽  
Physical State ◽  
Narrative Discourse ◽  
Emotional States ◽  
Fictional World ◽  
Current Events ◽  
Inner World ◽  
Insight Into

The paper deals with one of the aspects of fictional communication, namely communication between the protagonist and the reader. Heroes of English language narrative discourse with the help of introspection (inner mental, emotional and physical state) can tell the reader about their feelings and emotions. Such an insight into the inner world of characters can help better decode their mood, attitude to current events, motivation of their actions and etc. The paper presents the typology of inner states of protagonists. These are intellectual states, emotional states, inner physical states and physical sensations. With the help of introspection the reader can perceive the fictional world through the character’s mind and senses, which helps to better decode the writer’s message.

Gender Aspect of Fictional Communication between the Writer and the Reader

10.12737/1251 ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 2 (5) ◽  
pp. 48-53 ◽  
Author(s):  
Федотова ◽  
Oksana Fedotova
Keyword(s):  
English Language ◽  
Narrative Text ◽  
Narrative Discourse ◽  
Time Shift ◽  
Correct Analysis ◽  
Gender Aspect ◽  
Insight Into ◽  
The Way

The paper shows that English language narrative discourse is multidimensional and heterogeneous. The author explicitly addresses the reader concerning things that are not directly connected with the fictional reality of the story. The aim of the paper is to analyze gender aspect of fictional communication between the writer and the reader. It’s a fact that the writer may reveal his presence in the narrative irrespective of the time the piece of narrative was written. The main markers are time shift, shift of narrative perspective and the use of maxims. When the author of a narrative text touches upon peculiarities of women’s nature he (she) usually emphasizes their negative sides, such as rivalry, flirtation and so on. When dealing with peculiarities of men’s character the author usually shows positive features such as friendship between man and man, loyalty and many others. Studying the role of the author in the narrative text with the correct analysis of the author’s views, ideas and attitudes may help to get a deeper insight into the way the narrative is structured and model the way in which narrative is formed in the process of creating a work of fiction.

scholarly journals CONCEPT OF NARRATIVE ANALYSIS AND BASIC APPROACHES

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (87) ◽  
Author(s):  
Olena-Maria Huk ◽  
◽  
Ivan Bekhta ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Narrative Analysis ◽  
Narrative Structure ◽  
Literary Work ◽  
Narrative Discourse ◽  
Fictional World ◽  
Work Of Art ◽  
Practical Research ◽  
Inner World ◽  
Basic Approaches ◽  
Narrative Temporality

The article is devoted to a general overview of the concept of narrator, an analysis of its main characteristics and functions as an important subject of the science of storytelling. Considerable attention is paid to the definitions of the category of narrator by domestic and foreign linguists and to the typology of the narrator. The problems of identifying narrative categories have been identified. The concept of a narrative structure according to V.Ya. Propp. The functions of the narrator in the literary text are determined and an attempt is made to classify them. The aim of the article is to theoretically substantiate the concept of narrative analysis. One of the main categories of narratology is the category of the narrator. The article describes in detail the concept of narrative temporality (time), which is one of the most important properties of narrative works. The problem of actualization of narrative discourse in literary studies arises not by chance - the contours of the new methodology are largely determined by the possibility of multiple theoretical modifications of the modern research process.The narrator, as the central essence of the concept, arises as a complexly organized subject with many ways of his own expression, an intermediary between the real world, to which the biographical author belongs, and the fictional world of a work of art; depicted by the symbolically significant world of the literary work and the cognitive competence of the reader. The narrator's phenomenon is diverse and multifaceted. Each new work of art is a new narrator. That is why the problem of grammatical manifestations of the narrator and his typology open a wide space for further theoretical and practical research in the field of narratology and semantics of discourse. Due to the considerable freedom of the text, the narrator has the opportunity to penetrate into the inner world of the characters, to address the readers, to enter into controversy with the author. The problem of the narrator in fiction opens wide opportunities for further theoretical and practical research in the field of narrative science and semantics of discourse.

Gender Differences in Empathy During Adolescence: Does Emotional Self-Awareness Matter?

2021 ◽  
pp. 003329412097663
Author(s):  
Cristina Trentini ◽  
Renata Tambelli ◽  
Silvia Maiorani ◽  
Marco Lauriola
Keyword(s):  
Gender Differences ◽  
Reactivity Index ◽  
Self Awareness ◽  
Emotional States ◽  
Personal Distress ◽  
Full Knowledge ◽  
Emotional Concern ◽  
Insight Into ◽  
Tas 20

Empathy refers to the capacity to experience emotions similar to those observed or imagined in another person, with the full knowledge that the other person is the source of these emotions. Awareness of one's own emotional states is a prerequisite for self-other differentiation to develop. This study investigated gender differences in empathy during adolescence and tested whether emotional self-awareness explained these differences. Two-hundred-eleven adolescents (108 girls and 103 boys) between 14 and 19 years completed the Interpersonal Reactivity Index (IRI) and the Toronto Alexithymia Scale (TAS-20) to assess empathy and emotional self-awareness, respectively. Overall, girls obtained higher scores than boys on IRI subscales like emotional concern, personal distress, and fantasy. Regarding emotional self-awareness, we found gender differences in TAS-20 scores, with girls reporting greater difficulty identifying feelings and less externally oriented thinking than boys. Difficulty identifying feelings explained the greatest personal distress experienced by girls. Lower externally oriented thinking accounted for girls’ greater emotional concern and fantasy. These findings offer an insight into the role of emotional self-awareness–which is essential for self-other differentiation–as an account for gender differences in empathic abilities during adolescence. In girls, difficulty identifying feelings can impair the ability to differentiate between ones’ and others’ emotions, leading them to experience self-focused and aversive responses when confronted with others’ suffering. Conversely, in boys, externally oriented thinking can mitigate personal distress when faced with others’ discomfort.

scholarly journals The problem of human tragedy in the genre of science fiction (on the example of R. Bradbury’s works "Tomorrow's Child" and "The Veldt")

2021 ◽  
pp. 78-87
Author(s):  
O. M. Byndas ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Science Fiction ◽  
English Language ◽  
Human Society ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Fantastic Fiction ◽  
The Future ◽  
Absolute Dependence ◽  
Inner World ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Definition Of

This article deals with the problem of relationships among people in the future, which are based not on respect and understanding of each other's value, but on absolute dependence on technical progress. The purpose of this work is to highlight the problem of humanity’s tragedy in the genre of science fiction, using the example of Ray Bradbury’s works „Tomorrow's Child” and „The Veldt”. Firstly, it is noted that the difference and, accordingly, the problem begins immediately with terminology, because there is no single stable definition of the term „fantasy” (as a generic phenomenon) in English-language science. The options offered by scientists are speculative fiction, fantastic fiction, fantasy literature. The author notes that science fiction (Sci-Fi) describes many different super important problems of the human society: technological progress, information wars, the desire of people to be immortal, powerful, rich, possessing the Universe. In fact, the tragedy of humanity begins from these desires. However, R. Bradbury’s works „Tomorrow's Child” and „The Veldt” have a wide range of topics, affecting aesthetic, intellectual, moral and scientific problems. In addition, the science fiction writer reveals his special interest in the inner world of the child. In the mentioned-above stories, the idea of the coexistence of people and the techno world is traced, which leads to a tragic situation. Covering the problem of humanity’s tragedy in the future, described back in the distant 1950s, R. Bradbury aims to present another idea of the future, he describes, at the same time, possible threats to us, and shows what significant consequences this can lead to.

scholarly journals "BENEFITS OF APPLYING THE CLIL CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK IN BUSINESS ENGLISH CLASSES"

2020 ◽  
Vol 13(62) (2) ◽  
pp. 191-198
Author(s):  
Maria Anca Maican
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Conceptual Framework ◽  
English Language ◽  
Competitive Advantages ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Business English ◽  
English Classes ◽  
Communication Culture ◽  
Insight Into ◽  
The Eu

"The present paper aims at providing an insight into the benefits that content and language integrated learning (CLIL) can bring to the teaching of business English in higher education, given the place of the English language in the European Union and the competitive advantages it offers on the international labour market. The first part of the paper puts emphasis on some historical facts related to CLIL, presents the EU position with respect to this teaching approach and introduces its characteristics. The second part shows how, in the absence of the dual-focus CLIL, this methodology can be adapted and successfully integrated in business English classes, by applying the four elements of the CLIL conceptual framework: content, communication, culture and cognition "

The Custom of Property Is Physically Contained

2020 ◽  
pp. 88-106
Author(s):  
Bart J. Wilson
Keyword(s):  
English Language ◽  
Modern Species ◽  
Insight Into

The class of words most likely to be overlooked in a title is the preposition. While this chapter briefly touches on of, as well as to and for, as examples of the mighty unsung and inversely proportional work that prepositions do in language, the focus in this chapter is on the cognitive contribution of the little word in. The chapter posits that an English language convention arose, and now has largely fallen out of use, for dealing with the formidable, yet beautiful, complexity of the meaning of property. The burden of the argument is to show that while this convention lasted for only 500 years, less than 1% of the time our modern species has roamed the planet, it provides an insight into how humans universally and uniquely cognize property. And the argument is this: Humans locate the meaning of property within a thing. Property is contained within the thing.

The Effect of Using Hypermedia Web Browsers on EFL Students' Achievement in Writing Academic Essays

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Awatif Abu Al-Sha'r
Keyword(s):  
English Language ◽  
Relevant Information ◽  
Process Writing ◽  
Web Browsers ◽  
First Semester ◽  
Writing Courses ◽  
Current Events ◽  
Efl Students ◽  
Group B ◽  
Experimental Group

This study assesses the effect of using hypermedia web browsers including hypertext links on EFL university students' achievement in writing academic essays in English compared to using other two writing approaches ( The product writing approach and the process writing approach). The participants of the study (108 undergraduates enrolled in Writing II Course at Al-al-Bayt University) were assigned to 3 groups: group A (36) used the product writing approach; group B (35) used the process writing approach; whereas group C (37), which was assigned as the experimental group used the hypermedia web browsers approach. Every participant in the three groups produced four essays on topics chosen from current oriented events under the required conditions of each approach. Twelve weeks later, the participants were asked to write the same three essays after implementing the experiment. Two English language instructors from the English Language Department were asked to follow the procedures and instructions of teaching this writing course. One has taught groups A and B in the classrooms using the product writing and the process writing approaches while the other taught the experimental group (group C) via using hypermedia web browsers approach in the computer lab. Means, standard deviations and ANCOVA were used for statistical analysis. Three categories of assessing the writing essays (organization, content, style and mechanics) were considered in correcting the participants' written essays. The experiment lasted for three months during the first semester of 2015/2016. The findings indicated that there were statistically significant differences in the mean scores of the post-written essays of group C due to browsing the web for relevant information on current events. Recommendations were included for pedagogical purposes in the writing courses in English for EFL students at the university level.

scholarly journals Corona Angelica Pannoniae: ‘...ecce Angelus Domini’

Arts ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 141
Author(s):  
Eszenyi
Keyword(s):  
Early Modern ◽  
English Language ◽  
Current State ◽  
International Scholarship ◽  
History Of ◽  
Insight Into

The article examines the Hungarian corona angelica tradition, according to which the Holy Crown of Hungary was delivered to the country by an angel. In order to embed Hungarian results into international scholarship, it provides an English language summary of previous research and combines in one study how St. Stephen I (997–1038), St. Ladislaus I (1074–1095), and King Matthias Corvinus (1458–1490) came to be associated with the tradition, examining both written and visual sources. The article moves forward previous research by posing the question whether the angel delivering the Crown to Hungary could have been identified as the Angelus Domini at some point throughout history. This possibility is suggested by Hungary’s Chronici Hungarici compositio saeculi XIV and an unusually popular Early Modern modification of the Hartvik Legend, both of which use this expression to denote the angel delivering the Crown. While the article leaves the question open until further research sheds more light on the history of early Hungarian spirituality; it also points out how this identification of the angel would harmonize the Byzantine and the Hungarian iconography of the corona angelica, and provides insight into the current state of the Angelus Domini debate in angelology.

scholarly journals Development of Functional Connectivity during Adolescence: A Longitudinal Study Using an Action–Observation Paradigm

2011 ◽  
Vol 23 (12) ◽  
pp. 3713-3724 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel J. Shaw ◽  
Marie-Helene Grosbras ◽  
Gabriel Leonard ◽  
G. Bruce Pike ◽  
Tomáš Paus
Keyword(s):  
Social Cognition ◽  
Functional Connectivity ◽  
Action Observation ◽  
Brain Regions ◽  
Female Adolescents ◽  
Emotional States ◽  
Social Emotional ◽  
Social Stimuli ◽  
The Social ◽  
Insight Into

Successful interpersonal interactions rely on an ability to read the emotional states of others and to modulate one's own behavior in response. The actions of others serve as valuable social stimuli in this respect, offering the observer an insight into the actor's emotional state. Social cognition continues to mature throughout adolescence. Here we assess longitudinally the development of functional connectivity during early adolescence within two neural networks implicated in social cognition: one network of brain regions consistently engaged during action observation and another one associated with mentalizing. Using fMRI, we reveal a greater recruitment of the social–emotional network during the observation of angry hand actions in male relative to female adolescents. These findings are discussed in terms of known sex differences in adolescent social behavior.

Experiments using a light gas gun to investigate the impact melting of gunshot residue analogues

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. Spathis ◽  
M. C. Price
Keyword(s):  
Physical State ◽  
Gunshot Residue ◽  
Ignition Process ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Gas Gun ◽  
High Purity Silicon ◽  
The University ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Insight Into ◽  
Selection Of

Abstract In this set of experiments, the versatility of the University of Kent's light gas gun was utilised to obtain a selection of corroborative data regarding the formation and impact of metallic gunshot residues onto high purity silicon wafers. The results from the two experiments are presented. The first experiment investigated how the formation of metallic residues varied as gunshot residue analogues traversed through air under a range of pressures from 0.056 millibar (5.6 Pa) to 1 bar (100 kPa), using solely the energy released during primer ignition; the second involved firing a metallic powder mix of pre-determined composition (via a split-sabot) under vacuum at two velocities- 500 ms-1 and 2000 ms-1. This ensured that there was no ignition or heating of the powders, unlike the first experiment, and so the morphology of the particles collected would be solely due to impact. The residues on the substrates were then analysed using a cold Field Emission Gun Scanning Electron Microscope (FEG) and Energy Dispersive X-ray (EDX) detector. By separating the ignition process of the primers from the residue impacts, it allows for a closer look into the formation of these particles and helps determine whether their varied morphologies are due to the heating caused during the activation and combustion of the primer or whether its due to impact melting. This information can aid in the understanding of metallic particle formation in different pressure environments and give insight into the physical state of firearm residues when they impact a surface. Hydrocode modelling was also incorporated to corroborate the results observed during these experiments and gave results which mimicked the experimental data.

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