Linguistic and cultural dictionary of geographical names of great Britain and the USA

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Сергей Гарагуля ◽  
Sergey Garagulya
Keyword(s):  
Great Britain ◽  
Native Speakers ◽  
Background Knowledge ◽  
Place Names ◽  
Universities And Colleges ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
The World ◽  
The Usa ◽  
Cultural Linguistics

The dictionary is built on the principles of cultural linguistics, is a collection of culturally significant place names of great Britain and the USA included in the background knowledge of native speakers of British and American linguistic cultures, and are part of their linguistic picture of the world. It aims to reveal the contents of this toponymic vocabulary. It is addressed to students and postgraduates of philological specialties, teachers of universities and colleges, as well as a wide range of readers interested in English and onomastics

A New World Economic order formation

2021 ◽  
pp. 932-950
Author(s):  
Vladislav Vyacheslavovich Emelyanov
Keyword(s):  
Oil And Gas ◽  
World Order ◽  
The United States ◽  
New Order ◽  
The West ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
The World ◽  
The Usa ◽  
World Economic Order ◽  
The Impact

Every few decades, the world order changes due to various geopolitical, economic and other circumstances. For example, as a result of globalization, the world order has undergone significant changes in the last forty years. Globalization has led to the destruction of the postwar world order, as well as to world leadership by the United States and the West. However, in recent decades, as a result of globalization, the U.S. and the West began to cede their leadership to developing countries, so there is now a change in the economic structure of relations in the world system. Today the center of economic growth is in the East, namely in Asia. There are no new superpowers in the world at the moment, but the unipolar world will cease to exist due to the weakening of the U. S. leadership, which will lead to a change in the world order. A new leader, which may replace the U. S., will not have as wide range of advantages as the USA has. Most likely, the essence of the new order will be to unite the largest countries and alliances into blocks, for example, the USA together with the Trans-Pacific Partnership, the EU, etc. The article outlines forecasts of GDP growth rates as well as the global energy outlook; analyzes the LNG market as well as the impact of the pandemic on the global oil and gas market; and lists the characteristics of U. S. geopolitics.

Medical standard as a historical component on the way of clinical audit

2020 ◽  
Vol 26 (4) ◽  
pp. 108-115
Author(s):  
А.B. Zimenkovsky ◽  
◽  
T.G. Gutor ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Great Britain ◽  
Health Care System ◽  
Clinical Audit ◽  
Medical Aid ◽  
The World ◽  
The Usa ◽  
Medical Standard ◽  
Care System

Aim - the search, analysis and systematization of historical facts concerning the formation and evo-lution of the world medical standartization; severance of its certain long-standing models for the optimization of settling and introduction of the existing, and future analogs, particularly, in the clinical audit format. Material and Methods. In order to study the medical standard as a historical component the fol-lowing methods were used: bibliographic, historical, analytical and methods of systematization and comparison. Results and Discussion. As a result of the conducted research the main historical events in the world development of the medical standartization starting from 1500 up till nowadays were col-lected. In order to study the evolution of the medical standartization, the analysis of the normative documents that have regulated the process of standartization, especially the Doctor's statute(s) in Russia, Minimal standard of the medical equipment and works of the American college of surgeons, was carried out. The scientific works that initiated the introduction of the clinical audit in the Health Care system in Ukraine, Turkey, the USA and Great Britain were throroughly analyzed. Conclusions. The improvement of quality as to rendering the medical aid is a job priority in the health care systems in many countries. For that reason, the search for its optimization was and is still retrieved for many centuries. The territorial formation of medical standartization is associated with England, Russia and the USA, but the occurrence of clinical audit is connected with Ukraine, Turkey, the USA and Great Britain. The foundations of the medical standardization was lauched in 1500 year, while the clinical audit - in 1854 year. The medical standartization is a reflection of the history of development of the organization of health care system, that's why the expertness (knowl-edge) of historical stages concerning the setting and the introduction of medical standartization may give a new impulse in its improvement and development under present-day conditions of reforma-tion in the medical sphere in Ukraine. The earlier beginning of implementation of the medical stan-dartization in the health care system in different countries makes it possible to actualize its introduc-tion into the clinical audit format, that, in its turn, allows to improve the quality of rendering the medical aid. Key words: medical standartization, clinical audit, quality of medical aid

scholarly journals Plants causing dermatosis in humans

2020 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
pp. 5-24
Author(s):  
Vaskrsija Janjić
Keyword(s):  
Great Britain ◽  
Direct Contact ◽  
Human Population ◽  
World Population ◽  
Cosmetic Products ◽  
The World ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Other Substances ◽  
The Usa ◽  
Everyday Problem

Many plants cause dermatosis in the human population, thus presenting an everyday problem for dermatologists and allergologists around the world. To this day it is still not known how common are plant-induced dermatosis. It is estimated that around 334 million people worldwide, or 3.5% of the world population, is affected by dermatosis each year. The onset of dermatitis is most common in the early childhood. Around 20% of children in Great Britain and 10% in the USA are affected by different types of dermatosis. It is believed that around 10,000 plant species can cause dermatosis in humans. Phytodermatosis are dermatosis caused by plants. They are usually induced by direct contact with a plant, but can also occur without a direct contact or be activated by the sun. Dermatosis which occur without a direct contact with the plant are observed in those cases where certain perfumes, cremes or other cosmetic products are used. Some cosmetic products contain substances such as eugenol, isoeugenol, cinnamaldehyde, colophonium, turpentines and other substances which originate from plants. Similarly, lichens, which are not plants, but organisms resulting from a fungi and algae symbiosis, produce usnic acids, which are most commonly used in sun protection products.

scholarly journals Implementation of International Legal Provisions on Preventing Corruption in the Russian Federation and Abroad

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 103-109
Author(s):  
V A Jilkin
Keyword(s):  
International Cooperation ◽  
Russian Federation ◽  
World Trade Organisation ◽  
Social Needs ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Legal Provisions ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
The World ◽  
The Usa ◽  
The Russian Federation

This article presents issues of the fight against corruption and analysis of anti-corruption processes in Russia, Finland, Israel, Great Britain and the USA. Issues of international cooperation in the anti-corruption sphere have already been considered by the United Nations, the World Bank, the International Monetary Fund, the World Trade Organisation, the Organisation of American States, the Organization for Economic Cooperation and the European Union. The fight against corruption in the Russian Federation is one of the key areas of consolidation of the statehood and it is being performed step by step through improvement of the legislation, activities of law enforcement, regulatory and public authorities of all levels as well as cultivation of civil intolerance to any manifestation of this social blemish. Russia is actively engaged in international dialogue on a wide range of issues for preventing corruption within the scope of coordination activities and international cooperation in different areas, including issues of anti-corruption in the sphere of sports, ecology and education. Cooperation with relevant international authorities and international organizations is one of the priorities of the General Prosecutor’s Office of the Russian Federation. Given that the Russian anti-corruption system is based on the national legal culture in the context of historical, social and economic development and specific social needs and interests, the author emphasizes that anti-corruption cooperation shall be based on respect for national legal systems and compliance with the international law under coordination of the UN. Legislative proposals on the need for introducing grounds for application on recovery of property, owned by corrupt officials and registered under a third party’s name, to the public revenue and increasing the terms of imprisonment for bribery, which shall be prepared for further improvement of the anti-corruption law.

scholarly journals Professionalization of university management in Poland

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (35) ◽  
pp. 167-183
Author(s):  
Łukasz SUŁKOWSKI ◽  
Robert SELIGA ◽  
Piotr BUŁA ◽  
Katarzyna KOLASIŃSKA-MORAWSKA
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Professional Development ◽  
Great Britain ◽  
Strategic Management ◽  
Education Sector ◽  
University Management ◽  
Organizational Changes ◽  
Public And Private ◽  
The World ◽  
The Usa

The professionalization of university management takes place in many countries and is part of the transformation of the higher education sector. Professionalization of university management in the USA, Great Britain, many EU countries and other parts of the world includes the implementation of the concept of strategic management of public and private universities, as well as strengthening and improving the administration and professional development of managers in the higher education sector. The adoption of Law 2.0 creates an organizational space for the introduction of various management solutions. The basis of organizational changes is the increase in competition, diversity of the university's mission and internationalization. It can be argued that greater freedom in the application of various organizational solutions and increased competition will favor the professionalization of management. Numerous strategic, structural and managerial solutions will be tested at universities and adjusted to their needs.

scholarly journals HIV Infection in the Caribbean

1994 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 79-89 ◽  
Author(s):  
V W Wheeler ◽  
K W Radcliffe
Keyword(s):  
Great Britain ◽  
Hiv Infection ◽  
Cultural Differences ◽  
Ethnic Groups ◽  
Caribbean Region ◽  
Main Mode ◽  
The World ◽  
The Usa ◽  
The Caribbean ◽  
Mode Of Transmission

The Caribbean is a multi-ethnic region with many different cultural differences. The majority of the population is of African descent, but there are also other ethnic groups present such as Indians, Chinese, Syrians and Europeans. The Caribbean region is influenced by countries such as the USA, Great Britain, France and Holland. The countries of the Caribbean have a serious problem with HIV infection and AIDS. The epidemiology of HIV infection in this region, is different from most other parts of the world in that the mode of spread does not easily fit into any of the three WHO patterns. This review shows that the infection initially started in the homosexual/bisexual community, but since then, it has moved to the heterosexual population and this form of contact is now the main mode of transmission of the virus. The Governments of the Caribbean countries have realized the extent of the problem and have taken measures to try to control the epidemic.

A corpus-based study of connectors in student writing

2002 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 165-182 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kingsley Bolton ◽  
Gerald Nelson ◽  
Joseph Hung
Keyword(s):  
Hong Kong ◽  
Great Britain ◽  
University Students ◽  
Academic Writing ◽  
Native Speakers ◽  
Student Writing ◽  
Methodological Issues ◽  
Wide Range

This paper focuses on connector usage in the writing of university students in Hong Kong and in Great Britain, and presents results based on the comparison of data from the Hong Kong component (ICE-HK) and the British component (ICE-GB) of the International Corpus of English (ICE). While previous studies of Hong Kong student writing have dealt with the ‘underuse’, ‘overuse’, and ‘misuse’ of connectors, this study confines itself to the analysis of underuse and overuse, and is especially concerned with methodological issues relating to the accurate measurement of these concepts. Specifically, it takes as its benchmark of overuse and underuse the frequency of connectors in professional academic writing, in this case the data in the ICE-GB corpus. The results show that measured in this way, both groups of students – native speakers and non-native speakers alike – overuse a wide range of connectors. The results offer no evidence of significant underuse.

scholarly journals Zapomniany kurier do Delegatury Rządu. Ppor. Napoleon Segieda „Wera” (1908–1991)

2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
pp. 55-77
Author(s):  
Krzysztof A. Tochman ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Great Britain ◽  
Concentration Camp ◽  
The West ◽  
Prisoner Of War ◽  
The Holocaust ◽  
The World ◽  
The Usa ◽  
The Government ◽  
Polish Government ◽  
The City

The article presents Second Lieutenant Napoleon Segieda, alias Gustav Molin “Wera” or Jerzy Salski (after the war), born in the Zamość region, a resident of Pomerania, and a political courier to the government of the Polish Underground State (during the war), parachuted to the country on the night of 7th November 1941. The paper is the first attempt to show his biography and military achievements. He was a participant in the war of 1939 (the defense of Warsaw), and then, a prisoner of war in the German camps, whence, after many trials and tribulations, he arrived at the Polish Forces base in Great Britain. On completing his mission in the country (summer 1942), Segieda set off to London again with the first comprehensive report of the Polish Underground State to the Polish government-in-exile, London. As early as in 1942, being a witness to the extermination, he alerted the world to the Holocaust, to practically no effect, since the West was not particularly interested in the problem. From spring to summer 1942, Napoleon Segieda stayed in the city of Oświęcim where he collected information about the Concentration Camp Auschwitz. On 8th August 1942, he left Warsaw and, via Cracow and Vienna, reached Switzerland where, for unknown reasons, he got stuck on the way to London for a few months. His report was later distributed among many important and influential politicians of the allied community in Great Britain and the USA. It is worth mentioning that the messages on the Holocaust by Stefan Karboński (the head of the leadership of civil combat) also arrived in London during the summer 1942. After the war, Napoleon Segieda settled down in London, under the surname of Jerzy Salski, where he died completely forgotten.

scholarly journals About the museum I.I. Mechnikov in Dvorichna

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 (2b) ◽  
pp. 38-40
Author(s):  
О.М. Berveno ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Great Britain ◽  
Children And Youth ◽  
Museum Collections ◽  
Great Scientist ◽  
The World ◽  
Museum Objects ◽  
The Usa ◽  
History Of ◽  
Main Fund

Due to the fact that in 2020 the whole world celebrates the 175th anniversary of the birth of I.I. Mechnikov, in order to preserve and promote the spiritual culture of Slobozhanshchina and to create a chronicle of unknown pages of the history of our region that is the small motherland of the great scientist, a number of events have been held. At the initiative of Dvorichna Children and Youth Creativity Center in 2015 the museum “Our great countryman I.I. Mechnikov — the Citizen of the World “ was established and a strategic plan for its development was developed. In the process of researches a fund of museum objects and museum collections of historical and cultural content was created in accordance with the tasks set for the museum. The museum has almost 400 exhibits of the main fund. The museum offers tours for visitors of all ages. In recent years we have intensified cooperation with many higher education establishments. We are supported by scientists-followers of I.I. Mechnikov from Israel, the USA, France, Great Britain, Latvia by holding international Internet conferences. It has become a tradition to hold annual Mechnikov readings.

scholarly journals Vestimentary eponyms in contemporary Spanish language

2014 ◽  
pp. 290-295
Author(s):  
Y. V. Slivchikova
Keyword(s):  
Native Speakers ◽  
Spanish Language ◽  
Connotative Meaning ◽  
Lexical Borrowing ◽  
Proper Nouns ◽  
The World ◽  
Cultural Linguistics

In a consequence of the perpetual changes in the world of fashion, which can be explained by the introduction of new tendencies, materials and designers, the vocabulary that describes clothing enlarges by the internal means of the language and with the help of lexical borrowing. The article considers the characteristic usage of terms-eponyms for clothing description in Spanish language. Eponyms complicate the learning of languages and translation being a result of the worldview reflection of a determinate group of people in a determined period of time. As the study sets out to find out and explain the connotative meanings of vestimentary eponyms and suggest an approach for synonyms choice from their family for the discourse purposes, the toponyms are not taken into consideration, and the study concentrates on the anthroponyms, proper nouns which identify people, because they can adjust special connotative meanings to the terms within cultural linguistics context. The author shows the examples of etymology of originally Spanish and borrowed terms. Their comparison allows to make out the principles for the classification, authenticity and internationality amongst them. This classification divides all the vestimentary terms-eponyms into two main groups (neutral and with connotative meaning). Then it is possible to systematize and explain the meaning of the second group. According to the study international borrowed terms-eponyms look to neutrality, but among other synonyms acquire the meaning of elitism. Not international vestimentary terms-eponyms have a special connotative meaning, which is known amongst native speakers, that is why while teaching or translating more attention should be paid to them.

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