Growth characteristics of human juvenile, adult and murine fibroblasts: a comparison of polymer wound dressings

2020 ◽  
Vol 29 (10) ◽  
pp. 572-585
Author(s):  
Clemens Gögele ◽  
Gundula Schulze-Tanzil ◽  
Maria Kokozidou ◽  
Christiane Gäbel ◽  
Moritz Billner ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Survival ◽  
Human Fibroblasts ◽  
Survival Rates ◽  
Synthetic Polymers ◽  
Synthetic Polymer ◽  
Growth Characteristics ◽  
Wound Dressings ◽  
Natural Polymer ◽  
Adult Human ◽  
Air Interface

Objective: Fibroblasts are important for the successful healing of deep wounds. However, the influence exerted by Cuticell, a natural polymer on fibroblasts and by the synthetic polymer, Suprathel, made of poly-L-lactic acid, is not sufficiently characterised. This study compared the survival and growth characteristics of human juvenile and adult dermal fibroblasts as well as murine fibroblast cell line L929, on a natural polymer with those of a synthetic polymer using different culture models. Method: Murine, juvenile and adult human fibroblasts were seeded on both the natural and synthetic polymers using statical slide culture or the medium air interface and dynamical rotatory culture. Cell adherence, viability, morphology and actin cytoskeleton architecture were monitored for 1–7 days. Biomaterial permeability was checked with a previously established diffusion chamber. Results: The majority of the murine and adult human fibroblasts survived in slide and rotatory cultures on both wound dressings. The fibroblasts seeded on the synthetic polymer exhibited phenotypically a typical spread shape with multiple cell adhesion sites earlier than those on the natural polymer. The highest survival rates in all tested fibroblast species over the entire observation time were detected in rotatory culture (mean: >70%). Nevertheless, it led to cell-cluster formation on both materials. In the medium air interface culture, few adult fibroblasts adhered and survived until the seventh day of culture on both the natural and synthetic polymers, and no viable juvenile and L929 fibroblasts could be found by day seven. Apart from a significant higher survival rate of L929 in slide culture on the natural polymer compared with the synthetic polymer at the end of the culturing period (p<0.0001), and a higher cell survival of L929 on the natural polymer in medium air interface culture, only minor differences between both materials were evident. This suggested a comparable cytocompatibility of both materials. Permeability testing revealed slightly higher permeance of the natural polymer compared with the synthetic polymer. Conclusion: Cell survival rates depended on the culture system and the fibroblast source. Nevertheless, the juvenile skin fibroblasts were the most sensitive. This observation suggests that wound dressings used in treating children should be tested beforehand with juvenile fibroblasts to ensure the dressing does not compromise wound healing. Future experiments should also include the response of compromised fibroblasts, for example, from burn patients.

scholarly journals Cytotoxicity evaluation of chlorhexidine gluconate on human fibroblasts, myoblasts, and osteoblasts

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
pp. 165-172 ◽  
Author(s):  
James X. Liu ◽  
Jordan Werner ◽  
Thorsten Kirsch ◽  
Joseph D. Zuckerman ◽  
Mandeep S. Virk
Keyword(s):  
Cell Migration ◽  
Cell Survival ◽  
Human Fibroblasts ◽  
Cell Monolayer ◽  
Survival Rates ◽  
Chlorhexidine Gluconate ◽  
Cell Counting ◽  
In Vivo Studies ◽  
Wound Irrigation

Abstract. Introduction: Chlorhexidine gluconate (CHX) is widely used as a preoperative surgical skin-preparation solution and intra-wound irrigation agent, with excellent efficacy against wide variety of bacteria. The cytotoxic effect of CHX on local proliferating cells following orthopaedic procedures is largely undescribed. Our aim was to investigate the in vitro effects of CHX on primary fibroblasts, myoblasts, and osteoblasts.Methods: Cells were exposed to CHX dilutions (0%, 0.002%, 0.02%, 0.2%, and 2%) for either a 1, 2, or 3-minute duration. Cell survival was measured using a cytotoxicity assay (Cell Counting Kit-8). Cell migration was measured using a scratch assay: a “scratch” was made in a cell monolayer following CHX exposure, and time to closure of the scratch was measured.Results: All cells exposed to CHX dilutions of ≥ 0.02% for any exposure duration had cell survival rates of less than 6% relative to untreated controls (p < 0.001). Cells exposed to CHX dilution of 0.002% all had significantly lower survival rates relative to control (p < 0.01) with the exception of 1-minute exposure to fibroblasts, which showed 96.4% cell survival (p = 0.78). Scratch defect closure was seen in < 24 hours in all control conditions. However, cells exposed to CHX dilutions ≥ 0.02% had scratch defects that remained open indefinitely.Conclusions: The clinically used concentration of CHX (2%) permanently halts cell migration and significantly reduces survival of in vitro fibroblasts, myoblasts, and osteoblasts. Further in vivo studies are required to examine and optimize CHX safety and efficacy when applied near open incisions or intra-wound application.

scholarly journals Bipolymeric Pectin Millibeads Doped with Functional Polymers as Matrices for the Controlled and Targeted Release of Mesalazine

Molecules ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (23) ◽  
pp. 5711
Author(s):  
Dorota Wójcik-Pastuszka ◽  
Aleksandra Potempa ◽  
Witold Musiał
Keyword(s):  
Polyethylene Glycol ◽  
Drug Carrier ◽  
Synthetic Polymers ◽  
Synthetic Polymer ◽  
Drug Dissolution ◽  
Natural Polymer ◽  
Aminosalicylic Acid ◽  
Release Process ◽  
Time Period ◽  
Hydrophilic Gel

Targeted drug delivery systems are a very convenient method of treating inflammatory bowel disease. The properties of pectin make this biopolymer a suitable drug carrier. These properties allow pectin to overcome the diverse environment of the digestive tract and deliver the drug to the large intestine. This investigation proposed bipolymeric formulations consisting of the natural polymer pectin and a synthetic polymer containing the drug 5-aminosalicylic acid. Pectin beads were prepared via ionotropic gelation involving the interaction between the hydrophilic gel and calcium ions. The obtained formulations consisted of natural polymer, 5-aminosalicylic acid (5-ASA) and one of the synthetic polymers, such as polyacrylic acid, polyvinylpyrrolidone, polyethylene glycol or aristoflex. The release of the drug was carried out employing a basket apparatus (USP 1). The acceptor fluid was pH = 7.4 buffer with added enzyme pectinase to reflect the colon environment. The amount of the released drug was determined using UV-Vis spectrophotometry at a wavelength of λ = 330 nm. The kinetics of the drug dissolution revealed that none of the employed models was appropriate to describe the release process. A kinetic analysis of the release profile during two release stages was carried out. The fastest drug release occurred during the first stage from a formulation containing pectin and polyethylene glycol. However, according to the applied kinetic models, the dissolution of 5-ASA was rather high in the formulation without the synthetic polymer during the second stage. Depending on the formulation, 68–77% of 5-ASA was released in an 8-hour time period. The FTIR and DSC results showed that there was no interaction between the drug and the polymers, but interactions between pectin and synthetic polymers were found.

Effective Management of Rare Lymphangioleiomyomatosis Using Sirolimus: Tablet Matrix with Hibiscus rosa sinensis Leave Mucilage

2021 ◽  
pp. 276-280
Author(s):  
Hindustan Abdul Ahad ◽  
Haranath Chinthaginjala ◽  
Abdalrahman Mohammed Salih Karar ◽  
Musab Idris Mohammed Ali Saeed ◽  
Aladin Khalaf Alla Elhaj Eltahir Alawad
Keyword(s):  
Methyl Cellulose ◽  
Synthetic Polymers ◽  
Synthetic Polymer ◽  
Matrix Tablets ◽  
Effective Management ◽  
Natural Polymer ◽  
Hibiscus Rosa Sinensis ◽  
Model Drug ◽  
Formulation Parameters ◽  
Transplanted Organs

The authors aimed to extend the discharge of Sirolimus from the tablets with a blend of herbal and synthetic polymers. In this study, Sirolimus was taken as a model drug, Hydroxy Propyl Methyl Cellulose as a synthetic polymer and mucilage from Hibiscus rosa sinensis leaves as a natural polymer. Sirolimus is an orphan drug used to treat Lymphangioleiomyomatosis damage and to suppress body refuse towards the transplanted organs. Sirolimus matrix tablets made with the blend of Hibiscus rosa sinensis leaves mucilage and Hydroxy Propyl Methyl Cellulose. The blend was assessed for flow possessions and the designed tablets were categorized for official and non-official tests including Sirolimus discharge. The Sirolimus matrix tablets possess good Sirolimus content with passible pre and post-formulation parameters. The study concludes that there were no chemical interactions between Sirolimus with polymers used. The study also revealed that Hibiscus rosa sinensis leaves mucilage can be a good polymer in grouping with other polymers for prolonged drug discharge.

scholarly journals Electrospun Nanofibers of Natural and Synthetic Polymers as Artificial Extracellular Matrix for Tissue Engineering

Nanomaterials ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 21
Author(s):  
Mina Keshvardoostchokami ◽  
Sara Seidelin Majidi ◽  
Peipei Huo ◽  
Rajan Ramachandran ◽  
Menglin Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Extracellular Matrix ◽  
Polymer Composite ◽  
Electrospun Nanofibers ◽  
Synthetic Polymer ◽  
Inorganic Materials ◽  
Host Cells ◽  
Natural Polymer ◽  
Reinforced Polymers ◽  
Nanofibrous Scaffolds ◽  
Artificial Extracellular Matrix

Many types of polymer nanofibers have been introduced as artificial extracellular matrices. Their controllable properties, such as wettability, surface charge, transparency, elasticity, porosity and surface to volume proportion, have attracted much attention. Moreover, functionalizing polymers with other bioactive components could enable the engineering of microenvironments to host cells for regenerative medical applications. In the current brief review, we focus on the most recently cited electrospun nanofibrous polymeric scaffolds and divide them into five main categories: natural polymer-natural polymer composite, natural polymer-synthetic polymer composite, synthetic polymer-synthetic polymer composite, crosslinked polymers and reinforced polymers with inorganic materials. Then, we focus on their physiochemical, biological and mechanical features and discussed the capability and efficiency of the nanofibrous scaffolds to function as the extracellular matrix to support cellular function.

scholarly journals DNA break clustering inside repair domains predicts cell death and mutation frequency in human fibroblasts and in Chinese hamster cells for a 103x range of linear energy transfers

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eloise Pariset ◽  
Ianik Plante ◽  
Artem L. Ponomarev ◽  
Louise Viger ◽  
Trevor Evain ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Data ◽  
Cell Death ◽  
Cell Survival ◽  
Cell Lines ◽  
Cosmic Radiation ◽  
Human Fibroblasts ◽  
Chinese Hamster ◽  
Double Strand Breaks ◽  
Cell Orientation ◽  
Strand Breaks

ABSTRACTCosmic radiation, composed of high charged and energy (HZE) particles, causes cell death and mutations that can subsequently lead to cancers. Radiation-mediated mutations are induced by inter- and intra-chromosomal rearrangements (translocations, deletions, inversions) that are triggered by misrepaired DNA breaks, especially double-strand breaks (DSBs). In this work, we introduce a new model to predict radiation-mediated induction of cell death and mutation in two different cell lines across a large range of linear energy transfer (LET) values, based on the assumption that DSBs cluster into repair domains, as previously suggested by our group. Specifically, we propose that the probabilities of cell survival and cell mutation can be determined from the number of DSBs and the number of pairwise DSB interactions forming radiation-induced foci. We computed the distribution and locations of DSBs with the new simulation code RITCARD (relativistic ion tracks, chromosome aberrations, repair, and damage) and combined them with experimental data from HF19 human fibroblasts and V79 Chinese hamster cells to derive the parameters of our model and expand its predictions to the relative biological effectiveness (RBE) for cell survival and mutation in both cell lines in response to 9 different irradiation particles and energies ranging from 10 to 1,600 MeV/n. Our model generates the correct bell shape of LET dependence for RBE, as well as similar RBE values as experimental data, notably including data that were not used to set the model parameters. Interestingly, our results also suggest that cell orientation (parallel or perpendicular) with respect to the HZE beam can modulate the RBE for both cell death and mutation frequency. Cell orientation effects, if confirmed experimentally, would be another strong piece of evidence for the existence of DNA repair domains and their critical role in interpreting cellular sensitivity to cosmic radiation and hadron therapy.AUTHOR SUMMARYOne of the main hazards of human spaceflight beyond low Earth orbit is space radiation exposure. Galactic cosmic rays (GCRs), in particular their high-charge and high-energy particle component, induce a unique spatial distribution of DNA double strand breaks in the nucleus along their traversal in the cell [1], which result in significantly higher cancer risk than X-rays [2]. To mitigate this hazard, there is a significant need to better understand and predict the effects of cosmic radiation exposure at the cellular level. We have computationally predicted two biological endpoints – cell survival and probability of mutations, critical for cancer induction mechanisms – for the full spectrum of cosmic radiation types and energies, by modeling the distribution of DNA damage locations within the cell nucleus. From experimental results of cell survival and mutation probability in two standard cell lines, we were able to derive the parameters of the model for multiple radiation qualities, both biological endpoints, and two irradiation orientations. The model was validated against biological data and showed high predictive capability on data not used for tuning the model. Overall, this work opens new perspectives to predict multiple responses to cosmic radiation, even with limited experimental data available.

The production characteristics of the indigenous Imroz and Kivircik sheep breeds in Turkey

2004 ◽  
Vol 34 ◽  
pp. 57-66 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Yilmaz ◽  
M. Ozcan ◽  
B. Ekiz ◽  
A. Ceyhan ◽  
A. Altine
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Milk Production ◽  
Growth Rates ◽  
Survival Rates ◽  
Growth Characteristics ◽  
Marmara Region ◽  
Sheep Breeds ◽  
Survival And Growth ◽  
Production Characteristics

SummaryThis study was carried out to investigate the fertility, milk production and body weight of ewes and the survival and growth characteristics of lambs of the indigenous Imroz and Kivircik sheep breeds. The Imroz and Kivircik sheep breeds are included among the genetic resources in the project for the conservation of the indigenous breeds in Turkey.Conception rates for Imroz and Kivircik ewes were 57.6% and 81.7% respectively, litter sizes were 1.2 and 1.2 respectively, milk yields were 89 kg and 62 kg respectively and average live weights (2–7 years of age) were 43 kg and 55 kg, respectively. Imroz and Kivircik lambs had survival rates at weaning (90th day) of 98% and 96%, birth weights of 3.3 kg and 4.1 kg and weaning weights of 19.8 kg and 28.0 kg, respectively.The results showed that the Kivircik sheep were heavier and the lambs had a better growth rate until weaning than the Imroz breed. However, the milk production of the Imroz ewes was higher than that of Kivircik. The lambs of both breeds had a satisfactory survival and growth rates until weaning and these results might be regarded as a desired adaptation of the Imroz and Kivircik lambs to the environmental conditions of the Marmara Region.

Effects of latex and poly-DADMAC on erosion, hydrophobicity and water-retention on two different soils

Soil Research ◽  
1995 ◽  
Vol 33 (5) ◽  
pp. 805 ◽  
Author(s):  
SM Bernas ◽  
JM Oades ◽  
GJ Churchman
Keyword(s):  
Water Retention ◽  
Synthetic Polymer ◽  
Soil Types ◽  
Simulated Rainfall ◽  
Natural Polymer ◽  
Water Stable Aggregates ◽  
Run Off ◽  
Sediment Loss ◽  
Water Repellence ◽  
Different Soils

Latex (natural polymer) and poly-DADMAC (synthetic polymer) were applied to a red brown earth (Alfisol) and a Wiesenboden (Mollisol). Run-off, infiltration, sediment loss and water stable aggregates were measured after subjecting the soils to simulated rainfall. Water retention of latex and poly-DADMAC amended soils was determined. The MED test for hydrophobicity was also carried out for the latex-treated soil. Latex decreased run-off and erosion, and increased infiltration on both soils. Poly-DADMAC minimized run-off and erosion, and increased infiltration on the Wiesenboden. It increased run-off and decreased infiltration on the red-brown earth; however, it still decreased erosion. Latex increased the percentage of water-stable aggregates > 2 mm on the red-brown earth, but it had less effect on the Wiesenboden. Poly-DADMAC decreased the percentage of water-stable aggregates < 0.125 mm on both soils after simulated rainfall. Both latex and poly-DADMAC had little effect on water retention of the red-brown earth and the Wiesenboden. Application of 1.5 g kg-1 of latex increased MED values of both soils, to give values that indicate moderate water-repellence but should not affect plant growth. Generally, latex was more effective on the red-brown earth and poly-DADMAC was more effective on the Wiesenboden. It seems that latex can be effective on all soil types, but poly-DADMAC will have more effect on clay soils.

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