scholarly journals Bipolymeric Pectin Millibeads Doped with Functional Polymers as Matrices for the Controlled and Targeted Release of Mesalazine

Molecules ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (23) ◽  
pp. 5711
Author(s):  
Dorota Wójcik-Pastuszka ◽  
Aleksandra Potempa ◽  
Witold Musiał
Keyword(s):  
Polyethylene Glycol ◽  
Drug Carrier ◽  
Synthetic Polymers ◽  
Synthetic Polymer ◽  
Drug Dissolution ◽  
Natural Polymer ◽  
Aminosalicylic Acid ◽  
Release Process ◽  
Time Period ◽  
Hydrophilic Gel

Targeted drug delivery systems are a very convenient method of treating inflammatory bowel disease. The properties of pectin make this biopolymer a suitable drug carrier. These properties allow pectin to overcome the diverse environment of the digestive tract and deliver the drug to the large intestine. This investigation proposed bipolymeric formulations consisting of the natural polymer pectin and a synthetic polymer containing the drug 5-aminosalicylic acid. Pectin beads were prepared via ionotropic gelation involving the interaction between the hydrophilic gel and calcium ions. The obtained formulations consisted of natural polymer, 5-aminosalicylic acid (5-ASA) and one of the synthetic polymers, such as polyacrylic acid, polyvinylpyrrolidone, polyethylene glycol or aristoflex. The release of the drug was carried out employing a basket apparatus (USP 1). The acceptor fluid was pH = 7.4 buffer with added enzyme pectinase to reflect the colon environment. The amount of the released drug was determined using UV-Vis spectrophotometry at a wavelength of λ = 330 nm. The kinetics of the drug dissolution revealed that none of the employed models was appropriate to describe the release process. A kinetic analysis of the release profile during two release stages was carried out. The fastest drug release occurred during the first stage from a formulation containing pectin and polyethylene glycol. However, according to the applied kinetic models, the dissolution of 5-ASA was rather high in the formulation without the synthetic polymer during the second stage. Depending on the formulation, 68–77% of 5-ASA was released in an 8-hour time period. The FTIR and DSC results showed that there was no interaction between the drug and the polymers, but interactions between pectin and synthetic polymers were found.

Growth characteristics of human juvenile, adult and murine fibroblasts: a comparison of polymer wound dressings

2020 ◽  
Vol 29 (10) ◽  
pp. 572-585
Author(s):  
Clemens Gögele ◽  
Gundula Schulze-Tanzil ◽  
Maria Kokozidou ◽  
Christiane Gäbel ◽  
Moritz Billner ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Survival ◽  
Human Fibroblasts ◽  
Survival Rates ◽  
Synthetic Polymers ◽  
Synthetic Polymer ◽  
Growth Characteristics ◽  
Wound Dressings ◽  
Natural Polymer ◽  
Adult Human ◽  
Air Interface

Objective: Fibroblasts are important for the successful healing of deep wounds. However, the influence exerted by Cuticell, a natural polymer on fibroblasts and by the synthetic polymer, Suprathel, made of poly-L-lactic acid, is not sufficiently characterised. This study compared the survival and growth characteristics of human juvenile and adult dermal fibroblasts as well as murine fibroblast cell line L929, on a natural polymer with those of a synthetic polymer using different culture models. Method: Murine, juvenile and adult human fibroblasts were seeded on both the natural and synthetic polymers using statical slide culture or the medium air interface and dynamical rotatory culture. Cell adherence, viability, morphology and actin cytoskeleton architecture were monitored for 1–7 days. Biomaterial permeability was checked with a previously established diffusion chamber. Results: The majority of the murine and adult human fibroblasts survived in slide and rotatory cultures on both wound dressings. The fibroblasts seeded on the synthetic polymer exhibited phenotypically a typical spread shape with multiple cell adhesion sites earlier than those on the natural polymer. The highest survival rates in all tested fibroblast species over the entire observation time were detected in rotatory culture (mean: >70%). Nevertheless, it led to cell-cluster formation on both materials. In the medium air interface culture, few adult fibroblasts adhered and survived until the seventh day of culture on both the natural and synthetic polymers, and no viable juvenile and L929 fibroblasts could be found by day seven. Apart from a significant higher survival rate of L929 in slide culture on the natural polymer compared with the synthetic polymer at the end of the culturing period (p<0.0001), and a higher cell survival of L929 on the natural polymer in medium air interface culture, only minor differences between both materials were evident. This suggested a comparable cytocompatibility of both materials. Permeability testing revealed slightly higher permeance of the natural polymer compared with the synthetic polymer. Conclusion: Cell survival rates depended on the culture system and the fibroblast source. Nevertheless, the juvenile skin fibroblasts were the most sensitive. This observation suggests that wound dressings used in treating children should be tested beforehand with juvenile fibroblasts to ensure the dressing does not compromise wound healing. Future experiments should also include the response of compromised fibroblasts, for example, from burn patients.

Effective Management of Rare Lymphangioleiomyomatosis Using Sirolimus: Tablet Matrix with Hibiscus rosa sinensis Leave Mucilage

2021 ◽  
pp. 276-280
Author(s):  
Hindustan Abdul Ahad ◽  
Haranath Chinthaginjala ◽  
Abdalrahman Mohammed Salih Karar ◽  
Musab Idris Mohammed Ali Saeed ◽  
Aladin Khalaf Alla Elhaj Eltahir Alawad
Keyword(s):  
Methyl Cellulose ◽  
Synthetic Polymers ◽  
Synthetic Polymer ◽  
Matrix Tablets ◽  
Effective Management ◽  
Natural Polymer ◽  
Hibiscus Rosa Sinensis ◽  
Model Drug ◽  
Formulation Parameters ◽  
Transplanted Organs

The authors aimed to extend the discharge of Sirolimus from the tablets with a blend of herbal and synthetic polymers. In this study, Sirolimus was taken as a model drug, Hydroxy Propyl Methyl Cellulose as a synthetic polymer and mucilage from Hibiscus rosa sinensis leaves as a natural polymer. Sirolimus is an orphan drug used to treat Lymphangioleiomyomatosis damage and to suppress body refuse towards the transplanted organs. Sirolimus matrix tablets made with the blend of Hibiscus rosa sinensis leaves mucilage and Hydroxy Propyl Methyl Cellulose. The blend was assessed for flow possessions and the designed tablets were categorized for official and non-official tests including Sirolimus discharge. The Sirolimus matrix tablets possess good Sirolimus content with passible pre and post-formulation parameters. The study concludes that there were no chemical interactions between Sirolimus with polymers used. The study also revealed that Hibiscus rosa sinensis leaves mucilage can be a good polymer in grouping with other polymers for prolonged drug discharge.

scholarly journals Electrospun Nanofibers of Natural and Synthetic Polymers as Artificial Extracellular Matrix for Tissue Engineering

Nanomaterials ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 21
Author(s):  
Mina Keshvardoostchokami ◽  
Sara Seidelin Majidi ◽  
Peipei Huo ◽  
Rajan Ramachandran ◽  
Menglin Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Extracellular Matrix ◽  
Polymer Composite ◽  
Electrospun Nanofibers ◽  
Synthetic Polymer ◽  
Inorganic Materials ◽  
Host Cells ◽  
Natural Polymer ◽  
Reinforced Polymers ◽  
Nanofibrous Scaffolds ◽  
Artificial Extracellular Matrix

Many types of polymer nanofibers have been introduced as artificial extracellular matrices. Their controllable properties, such as wettability, surface charge, transparency, elasticity, porosity and surface to volume proportion, have attracted much attention. Moreover, functionalizing polymers with other bioactive components could enable the engineering of microenvironments to host cells for regenerative medical applications. In the current brief review, we focus on the most recently cited electrospun nanofibrous polymeric scaffolds and divide them into five main categories: natural polymer-natural polymer composite, natural polymer-synthetic polymer composite, synthetic polymer-synthetic polymer composite, crosslinked polymers and reinforced polymers with inorganic materials. Then, we focus on their physiochemical, biological and mechanical features and discussed the capability and efficiency of the nanofibrous scaffolds to function as the extracellular matrix to support cellular function.

Chitosan Nanocarriers Loading Anti-Tumor Drugs

2015 ◽  
Vol 32 ◽  
pp. 113-127 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ji Wei Wu ◽  
Xin Feng Song ◽  
Han Wen Sun ◽  
Yan Cong Zhang ◽  
Xiang Ling Gu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Self Assembly ◽  
Drug Carrier ◽  
The Body ◽  
Natural Polymer ◽  
Preparation Methods ◽  
Ionic Crosslinking ◽  
Covalent Crosslinking ◽  
Immune Ability ◽  
Tumor Drugs ◽  
Adhesion Effect

Chitosan is a kind of natural polymer commonly applied for nanomaterials, which is affluent in nature with favorable biodegradability and biocompatibility and free of toxicity or odor. In clinic it can be used as a drug carrier for the treatment of cancer, and also it is a kind of new pharmaceutical excipient. To prepare chitosan nanomaterial, various method are used, such as ionic crosslinking, covalent crosslinking, precipitation, free radical polymerization, reverse micelle, spray drying, and self-assembly. Furthermore, plenty of anti-tumor drugs, including adriamycin, epirubicin, taxol, 5-fluorouracil, norcantharidin, folic acid, and so on, are also attempted to load on these chitosan nanocarriers. In addition, the mechanism for those nanocarriers carrying anti-tumor drugs acting on tumor cell were explored, and the formulation mainly include electric charge adhesion effect, suppressing the proliferation of tumor cells, adjusting or enhancing immune ability of the body and inducing apoptosis. This paper compared the characteristics of different preparation methods on chitosan as a nanodrug carrier, summarized the types of packaged drugs, analyzed the mechanism of the chitosan as nanodrug carriers. It can provide valuable reference for researchers' further work.

scholarly journals Recent Advances in Zwitterionic Hydrogels: Preparation, Property, and Biomedical Application

Gels ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 46
Author(s):  
Sihang Liu ◽  
Jingyi Tang ◽  
Fangqin Ji ◽  
Weifeng Lin ◽  
Shengfu Chen
Keyword(s):  
Immune System ◽  
Polyethylene Glycol ◽  
Biomedical Applications ◽  
Biomedical Application ◽  
Synthetic Polymers ◽  
Human Environment ◽  
The Past ◽  
Recent Advances ◽  
Nonspecific Protein Adsorption ◽  
Anionic Groups

Nonspecific protein adsorption impedes the sustainability of materials in biologically related applications. Such adsorption activates the immune system by quick identification of allogeneic materials and triggers a rejection, resulting in the rapid failure of implant materials and drugs. Antifouling materials have been rapidly developed in the past 20 years, from natural polysaccharides (such as dextran) to synthetic polymers (such as polyethylene glycol, PEG). However, recent studies have shown that traditional antifouling materials, including PEG, still fail to overcome the challenges of a complex human environment. Zwitterionic materials are a class of materials that contain both cationic and anionic groups, with their overall charge being neutral. Compared with PEG materials, zwitterionic materials have much stronger hydration, which is considered the most important factor for antifouling. Among zwitterionic materials, zwitterionic hydrogels have excellent structural stability and controllable regulation capabilities for various biomedical scenarios. Here, we first describe the mechanism and structure of zwitterionic materials. Following the preparation and property of zwitterionic hydrogels, recent advances in zwitterionic hydrogels in various biomedical applications are reviewed.

scholarly journals Solubility and Dissolution Enhancement of Atorvastatin Calcium using Solid Dispersion Adsorbate Technique

2019 ◽  
Vol 28 (2) ◽  
pp. 105-114
Author(s):  
Samer K. Ali ◽  
Eman B. H. Al-Khedairy
Keyword(s):  
Polyethylene Glycol ◽  
Solid Dispersion ◽  
Water Solubility ◽  
Drug Carrier ◽  
Solid Dispersions ◽  
Poloxamer 407 ◽  
Dissolution Enhancement ◽  
Drug Solubility ◽  
Scanning Calorimetry ◽  
Poorly Soluble

            Atorvastatin (ATR) is poorly soluble anti-hyperlipidemic drug; it belongs to the class II group according to the biopharmaceutical classification system (BCS) with low bioavailability due to its low solubility. Solid dispersions adsorbate is an effective technique for enhancing the solubility and dissolution of poorly soluble drugs.           The present study aims to enhance the solubility and dissolution rate of ATR using solid dispersion adsorption technique in comparison with ordinary solid dispersion. polyethylene glycol 4000 (PEG 4000), polyethylene glycol 6000 (PEG 6000), Poloxamer188 and Poloxamer 407were used as hydrophilic carriers and Aerosil 200, Aerosil 300 and magnesium aluminium silicate (MAS) as adsorbents.            All solid dispersion adsorbate (SDA) formulas  were prepared in ratios of 1:1:1  (drug: carrier: adsorbent) and evaluated for their water solubility, percentage yield, drug content,  , dissolution, crystal structure using  X-ray powder diffraction (XRD) and Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC)  studies and Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) for determination the drug-carrier- adsorbate interaction.                The prepared (SDA) showed significant improvement of drug solubility in all prepared formula. Best result was obtained with formula SDA12(ATR :Poloxamer407 : MAS 1:1:1) that showed 8.07 and 5.38  fold increase in solubility compared to  solubility of pure ATR and  solid dispersion(SD4) (Atorvastatin: Poloxamer 407 1:1) respectively due to increased wettability and reduced crystallinity of the drug which leads to improve drug solubility  and  dissolution .

Effects of latex and poly-DADMAC on erosion, hydrophobicity and water-retention on two different soils

Soil Research ◽  
1995 ◽  
Vol 33 (5) ◽  
pp. 805 ◽  
Author(s):  
SM Bernas ◽  
JM Oades ◽  
GJ Churchman
Keyword(s):  
Water Retention ◽  
Synthetic Polymer ◽  
Soil Types ◽  
Simulated Rainfall ◽  
Natural Polymer ◽  
Water Stable Aggregates ◽  
Run Off ◽  
Sediment Loss ◽  
Water Repellence ◽  
Different Soils

Latex (natural polymer) and poly-DADMAC (synthetic polymer) were applied to a red brown earth (Alfisol) and a Wiesenboden (Mollisol). Run-off, infiltration, sediment loss and water stable aggregates were measured after subjecting the soils to simulated rainfall. Water retention of latex and poly-DADMAC amended soils was determined. The MED test for hydrophobicity was also carried out for the latex-treated soil. Latex decreased run-off and erosion, and increased infiltration on both soils. Poly-DADMAC minimized run-off and erosion, and increased infiltration on the Wiesenboden. It increased run-off and decreased infiltration on the red-brown earth; however, it still decreased erosion. Latex increased the percentage of water-stable aggregates > 2 mm on the red-brown earth, but it had less effect on the Wiesenboden. Poly-DADMAC decreased the percentage of water-stable aggregates < 0.125 mm on both soils after simulated rainfall. Both latex and poly-DADMAC had little effect on water retention of the red-brown earth and the Wiesenboden. Application of 1.5 g kg-1 of latex increased MED values of both soils, to give values that indicate moderate water-repellence but should not affect plant growth. Generally, latex was more effective on the red-brown earth and poly-DADMAC was more effective on the Wiesenboden. It seems that latex can be effective on all soil types, but poly-DADMAC will have more effect on clay soils.

Synthetic polymer-protein hybrids: modification of L-asparaginase with polyethylene glycol

2021 ◽  
pp. 153-166
Author(s):  
Y. Inada ◽  
A. Matsushima ◽  
Y. Saito ◽  
T. Yoshimoto ◽  
H. Nishimura ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Polyethylene Glycol ◽  
Synthetic Polymer

scholarly journals Different BCS Class II Drug-Gelucire Solid Dispersions Prepared by Spray Congealing: Evaluation of Solid State Properties and In Vitro Performances

Pharmaceutics ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (6) ◽  
pp. 548 ◽  
Author(s):  
Serena Bertoni ◽  
Beatrice Albertini ◽  
Nadia Passerini
Keyword(s):  
Solid State ◽  
Drug Carrier ◽  
Solid Dispersions ◽  
Class Ii ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Drug Dissolution ◽  
Crystalline Solid ◽  
Dissolution Behavior ◽  
Bcs Class Ii

Delivery of poorly water soluble active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs) by semi-crystalline solid dispersions prepared by spray congealing in form of microparticles (MPs) is an emerging method to increase their oral bioavailability. In this study, solid dispersions based on hydrophilic Gelucires® (Gelucire® 50/13 and Gelucire® 48/16 in different ratio) of three BCS class II model compounds (carbamazepine, CBZ, tolbutamide, TBM, and cinnarizine, CIN) having different physicochemical properties (logP, pKa, Tm) were produced by spray congealing process. The obtained MPs were investigated in terms of morphology, particles size, drug content, solid state properties, drug-carrier interactions, solubility, and dissolution performances. The solid-state characterization showed that the properties of the incorporated drug had a profound influence on the structure of the obtained solid dispersion: CBZ recrystallized in a different polymorphic form, TBM crystallinity was significantly reduced as a result of specific interactions with the carrier, while smaller crystals were observed in case of CIN. The in vitro tests suggested that the drug solubility was mainly influenced by carrier composition, while the drug dissolution behavior was affected by the API solid state in the MPs after the spray congealing process. Among the tested APIs, TBM-Gelucire dispersions showed the highest enhancement in drug dissolution as a result of the reduced drug crystallinity.

A novel biocompatible double network hydrogel consisting of konjac glucomannan with high mechanical strength and ability to be freely shaped

2015 ◽  
Vol 3 (9) ◽  
pp. 1769-1778 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhiyong Li ◽  
Yunlan Su ◽  
Baoquan Xie ◽  
Xianggui Liu ◽  
Xia Gao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Tissue Engineering ◽  
Cell Adhesion ◽  
Mechanical Strength ◽  
Synthetic Polymer ◽  
Natural Polymer ◽  
Tissue Engineering Scaffolds ◽  
Adhesion Properties ◽  
High Mechanical Strength ◽  
Double Network

A novel physically linked double-network (DN) hydrogel was prepared by natural polymer KGM and synthetic polymer PAAm. The DN hydrogels exhibit good mechanical properties, cell adhesion properties, and can be freely shaped, making such hydrogels promising for tissue engineering scaffolds.

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