scholarly journals Undercarboxylated osteocalcin is associated with vascular function in female older adults but does not influence vascular function in male rabbit carotid artery ex vivo

PLoS ONE ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (11) ◽  
pp. e0242774
Author(s):  
Alexander Tacey ◽  
Cassandra Smith ◽  
Mary N. Woessner ◽  
Paul Chubb ◽  
Christopher Neil ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Carotid Artery ◽  
Endothelial Function ◽  
Vascular Function ◽  
Ex Vivo ◽  
Atherogenic Diet ◽  
Undercarboxylated Osteocalcin ◽  
Menopausal Women ◽  
Post Menopausal

Background There are conflicting reports on the association of undercarboxylated osteocalcin (ucOC) in cardiovascular disease development, including endothelial function and hypertension. We tested whether ucOC is related to blood pressure and endothelial function in older adults, and if ucOC directly affects endothelial-mediated vasodilation in the carotid artery of rabbits. Methods In older adults, ucOC, blood pressure, pulse wave velocity (PWV) and brachial artery flow-mediated dilation (BAFMD) were measured (n = 38, 26 post-menopausal women and 12 men, mean age 73 ± 0.96). The vasoactivity of the carotid artery was assessed in male New Zealand White rabbits following a four-week normal or atherogenic diet using perfusion myography. An ucOC dose response curve (0.3–45 ng/ml) was generated following incubation of the arteries for 2-hours in either normal or high glucose conditions. Results ucOC levels were higher in normotensive older adults compared to those with stage 2 hypertension (p < 0.05), particularly in women (p < 0.01). In all participants, higher ucOC was associated with lower PWV (p < 0.05), but not BAFMD (p > 0.05). In rabbits, ucOC at any dose did not alter vasoactivity of the carotid artery, either following a normal or an atherogenic diet (p > 0.05). Conclusion Increased ucOC is associated with lower blood pressure and increased arterial stiffness, particularly in post-menopausal women. However, ucOC administration has no direct short-term effect on endothelial function in rabbit arteries. Future studies should explore whether treatment with ucOC, in vivo, has direct or indirect effects on blood vessel function.

scholarly journals Effects of sodium nitrite supplementation on vascular function and related small metabolite signatures in middle-aged and older adults

2016 ◽  
Vol 120 (4) ◽  
pp. 416-425 ◽  
Author(s):  
Allison E. DeVan ◽  
Lawrence C. Johnson ◽  
Forrest A. Brooks ◽  
Trent D. Evans ◽  
Jamie N. Justice ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Endothelial Dysfunction ◽  
Carotid Artery ◽  
Endothelial Function ◽  
Sodium Nitrite ◽  
Metabolic Pathways ◽  
Vascular Function ◽  
Plasma Metabolites ◽  
Middle Aged ◽  
Plasma Nitrite

Insufficient nitric oxide (NO) bioavailability plays an important role in endothelial dysfunction and arterial stiffening with aging. Supplementation with sodium nitrite, a precursor of NO, ameliorates age-related vascular endothelial dysfunction and arterial stiffness in mice, but effects on humans, including the metabolic pathways altered, are unknown. The purpose of this study was to determine the safety, feasibility, and efficacy of oral sodium nitrite supplementation for improving vascular function in middle-aged and older adults and to identify related circulating metabolites. Ten weeks of sodium nitrite (80 or 160 mg/day, capsules, TheraVasc; randomized, placebo control, double blind) increased plasma nitrite acutely (5- to 15-fold, P < 0.001 vs. placebo) and chronically ( P < 0.10) and was well tolerated without symptomatic hypotension or clinically relevant elevations in blood methemoglobin. Endothelial function, measured by brachial artery flow-mediated dilation, increased 45-60% vs. baseline ( P < 0.10) without changes in body mass or blood lipids. Measures of carotid artery elasticity (ultrasound and applanation tonometry) improved (decreased β-stiffness index, increased cross-sectional compliance, P < 0.05) without changes in brachial or carotid artery blood pressure. Aortic pulse wave velocity was unchanged. Nitrite-induced changes in vascular measures were significantly related to 11 plasma metabolites identified by untargeted analysis. Baseline abundance of multiple metabolites, including glycerophospholipids and fatty acyls, predicted vascular changes with nitrite. This study provides evidence that sodium nitrite supplementation is well tolerated, increases plasma nitrite concentrations, improves endothelial function, and lessens carotid artery stiffening in middle-aged and older adults, perhaps by altering multiple metabolic pathways, thereby warranting a larger clinical trial.

Clinical Efficacy of EH0202, a Kampo Formula, on the Health of Middle-Aged Women

2004 ◽  
Vol 32 (05) ◽  
pp. 755-770 ◽  
Author(s):  
Takahisa Ushiroyama ◽  
Satoshi Yoshida ◽  
Keiichi Tadaki ◽  
Atsushi Ikeda ◽  
Minoru Ueki
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Blood Flow ◽  
Plasma Lipid ◽  
Skin Surface ◽  
Menopausal Symptoms ◽  
Clinical Effects ◽  
Facial Skin ◽  
Herbal Supplement ◽  
Menopausal Women ◽  
Post Menopausal

To investigate the clinical effects of EH0202, a Japanese herbal supplement, on the menopausal symptoms and physical status of peri- and post-menopausal women. Thirty-two post-menopausal women (53.0±5.1 years) presented with menopausal complaints were enrolled in the clinical study. Patients were administered an herbal supplement, EH0202 (6 g/day for 6 months), and were assessed for improvement of their overall symptoms using the Greene Climacteric Scale and the Visual Analog Scale (VAS). Blood pressure, skin surface blood flow and plasma lipid profiles were measured before and 1, 3 and 6 months after EH0202 administration. There was a significant decrease in the climacteric scale score (P<0.001) and VAS (P<0.0001) after 6 months of EH0202 treatment. There was a significant decrease in systolic (P<0.001) and diastolic (P<0.05) blood pressure, and a significant decrease in facial skin surface blood flow (P<0.05) after 3 months of EH0202 administration. We observed a significant decrease in plasma TG and LDL-cholesterol concentrations after 3 months of EH0202 administration (P<0.05). EH0202 (MACH) reduced blood pressure, excess facial skin blood flow (flushing) and abnormal lipid levels, as well as clinically improved menopausal symptoms in post-menopausal women. In post-menopausal women, this product appears to help maintain normal biological function and improves quality of life.

Abstract 13170: Endothelial Function is Impaired in Relation to Alcohol Consumption in Men in a Large General Population

Circulation ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 132 (suppl_3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nozomu Oda ◽  
Yukihito Higashi ◽  
Masato Kajikawa ◽  
Tatsuya Maruhashi ◽  
Akimichi Iwamoto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Alcohol Consumption ◽  
General Population ◽  
Endothelial Function ◽  
Vascular Function ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Lipoprotein Cholesterol ◽  
Adjusted Risk ◽  
Significant Difference

Introduction: Endothelial function is impaired in heavy or binge drinking. Heavy drinking should be a predictor of endothelial dysfunction. However, there is little information on the effects of dose-dependent alcohol consumption on endothelial function. Therefore, we evaluated the relationship between alcohol consumption and endothelial function in a large general population. Methods and Results: We measured flow-mediated vasodilation (FMD) in 2734 men who provided self-report about habitual alcohol intake. The subjects were divided into five groups by alcohol consumption: none (0 g/week), light (0 g/week< to ≤140 g/week), moderate (140 g/week< to ≤280 g/week), heavy (280 g/week< to ≤420 g/week), and excessive (420 g/week<). Age, systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, triglycerides, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, gamma glutamyl transpeptidase, uric acid, plasma glucose, hemoglobin A1c, and current smoking were significantly correlated with alcohol consumption. FMD showed a gradual decrease according to increased alcohol consumption (none, 6.6±3.4%; light, 6.2±3.0%; moderate, 6.0±3.0%; heavy, 5.5±2.9%; excessive, 5.3±3.0%; P<0.01). There was a significant difference in FMD between the non-drinker group and the light drinker group (P=0.018). After adjusted risk factors, we showed the significantly smaller FMD in the 4 drinker groups than in the non-drinker group: light drinker group (OR, 1.38; 95% CI, 1.10 to 1.75), moderate drinker group (OR, 1.36; 95% CI, 1.01 to 1.82), heavy drinker group (OR, 2.05; 95% CI, 1.46 to 2.87), excessive drinker group (OR, 2.04; 95% CI, 1.43 to 2.89). Conclusions: These findings suggest that even light alcohol consumption impair the endothelial function. Alcohol drinking may be harmful for vascular function.

scholarly journals Serum ferritin levels are associated with insulin resistance in Chinese men and post-menopausal women: the Shanghai Changfeng study

2018 ◽  
Vol 120 (8) ◽  
pp. 863-871 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hui Ma ◽  
Huandong Lin ◽  
Yu Hu ◽  
Xiaoming Li ◽  
Wanyuan He ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Serum Ferritin ◽  
Cell Function ◽  
Ferritin Level ◽  
Menopausal Status ◽  
Elevated Serum ◽  
Model Assessment ◽  
Menopausal Women ◽  
Post Menopausal

AbstractAssociations between ferritin and insulin sensitivity have been described in recent studies. The possible association showed conflicting results by sex and menopausal status. We aimed to investigate the cross-sectional association of ferritin levels with insulin resistance and β-cell function. A total of 2518 participants (1033 men, 235 pre-menopausal women and 1250 post-menopausal women) were enrolled from the Changfeng Study. A standard interview was conducted, as well as anthropometric measurements and laboratory analyses, for each participant. The serum ferritin level was measured using electrochemiluminescence immunoassay. Insulin resistance and β-cell function indices were derived from a homeostasis model assessment. The results showed that the serum ferritin levels were 250·4 (sd 165·2), 94·6 (sd 82·0) and 179·8 (sd 126·6) ng/ml in the men, pre-menopausal and post-menopausal women, respectively. In fully adjusted models (adjusting for age, current smoking, BMI, waist:hip ratio, systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, TAG, HDL-cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol, log urine albumin:creatinine ratio, leucocytes, alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase and γ-glutamyl transpeptidase), serum ferritin concentrations are significantly associated with insulin resistance in men and post-menopausal females, and the null association was observed in pre-menopausal females. Interestingly, an increased β-cell function associated with higher ferritin was observed in post-menopausal participants, but not in male participants. In conclusion, these results suggested that elevated serum ferritin levels were associated with surrogate measures of insulin resistance among the middle-aged and elderly male and post-menopausal women, but not in pre-menopausal women.

scholarly journals Effect of Strawberry Intake for 4 Weeks on Vascular Endothelial Function and Blood Pressure in Adults with Moderate Hypercholesterolemia (P06-128-19)

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Di Xiao ◽  
Leailin Huang Huang ◽  
Indika Edirisinghe ◽  
Britt Burton-Freeman
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Endothelial Function ◽  
Vascular Function ◽  
Daily Intake ◽  
Random Order ◽  
Vascular Endothelial ◽  
Vascular Endothelial Function ◽  
Freeze Dried ◽  
Pressure Independent ◽  
Hs Crp

Abstract Objectives The aim of this study is to investigate the effect of chronic strawberry intake on cardiovascular risk factors including fasting lipids concentrations, vascular endothelial function and blood pressure in middle-age overweight or obese individuals with moderate hypercholesterolemia. We hypothesized that 4-week strawberry intake would improve the lipids profile and concomitantly improve measures of vascular function. Methods In this randomized, double-blinded, controlled, crossover trial, thirty-four subjects (age 53 ± 1 years, BMI 31 ± 1 kg m-2, mean ± SD) consumed a strawberry beverage containing 25 gram freeze-dried strawberry powder or energy-matched control beverage in random order twice a day for 4 weeks. Treatment periods were separated by 4-week washout period. Fasting lipids, glucose, insulin, high sensitive c-reactive protein (hs-CRP), and postprandial flow-mediated dilation (FMD) and blood pressure, were measured at weeks 0, 4, 8 and 12. Results Fasting lipids, glucose, insulin, and hs-CRP did not differ between strawberry and control beverage interventions. In contrast, vascular function as measured by change in %FMD was significantly increased after strawberry compared to control after 4 weeks supplementation (4.3 ± 0.3% versus 3.6 ± 0.3%, respectively, p = 0.0096). In addition, %FMD was acutely increased from 0 to 1 hour after consuming strawberry beverage (p < 0.0001), which was consistent with reduced meal-induced increases in systolic blood pressure (SBP) postmeal (mean 2 hour changes in SBP after strawberry compared to control beverage, 2.3 ± 0.4 versus 3.4 ± 0.4 mmHg, p = 0.048). Conclusions Daily intake of strawberries may improve endothelial function and acute changes in blood pressure, independent of other metabolic changes, and may be considered a specific food/fruit to include in a heart-healthy diet in overweight or obese subjects with moderate hypercholesterolemia. Funding Sources California Strawberry Commission, Watsonville, CA, USA. Supporting Tables, Images and/or Graphs

scholarly journals Time‐Efficient Inspiratory Muscle Strength Training Lowers Blood Pressure and Improves Endothelial Function, NO Bioavailability, and Oxidative Stress in Midlife/Older Adults With Above‐Normal Blood Pressure

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel H. Craighead ◽  
Thomas C. Heinbockel ◽  
Kaitlin A. Freeberg ◽  
Matthew J. Rossman ◽  
Rachel A. Jackman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Muscle Strength ◽  
Arterial Stiffness ◽  
Endothelial Function ◽  
Systolic Blood Pressure ◽  
High Resistance ◽  
Maximal Inspiratory Pressure ◽  
No Bioavailability ◽  
Inspiratory Muscle Strength

Background High‐resistance inspiratory muscle strength training (IMST) is a novel, time‐efficient physical training modality. Methods and Results We performed a double‐blind, randomized, sham‐controlled trial to investigate whether 6 weeks of IMST (30 breaths/day, 6 days/week) improves blood pressure, endothelial function, and arterial stiffness in midlife/older adults (aged 50–79 years) with systolic blood pressure ≥120 mm Hg, while also investigating potential mechanisms and long‐lasting effects. Thirty‐six participants completed high‐resistance IMST (75% maximal inspiratory pressure, n=18) or low‐resistance sham training (15% maximal inspiratory pressure, n=18). IMST was safe, well tolerated, and had excellent adherence (≈95% of training sessions completed). Casual systolic blood pressure decreased from 135±2 mm Hg to 126±3 mm Hg ( P <0.01) with IMST, which was ≈75% sustained 6 weeks after IMST ( P <0.01), whereas IMST modestly decreased casual diastolic blood pressure (79±2 mm Hg to 77±2 mm Hg, P =0.03); blood pressure was unaffected by sham training (all P >0.05). Twenty‐four hour systolic blood pressure was lower after IMST versus sham training ( P =0.01). Brachial artery flow‐mediated dilation improved ≈45% with IMST ( P <0.01) but was unchanged with sham training ( P =0.73). Human umbilical vein endothelial cells cultured with subject serum sampled after versus before IMST exhibited increased NO bioavailability, greater endothelial NO synthase activation, and lower reactive oxygen species bioactivity ( P <0.05). IMST decreased C‐reactive protein ( P =0.05) and altered select circulating metabolites (targeted plasma metabolomics) associated with cardiovascular function. Neither IMST nor sham training influenced arterial stiffness ( P >0.05). Conclusions High‐resistance IMST is a safe, highly adherable lifestyle intervention for improving blood pressure and endothelial function in midlife/older adults with above‐normal initial systolic blood pressure. Registration URL: https://www.clinicaltrials.gov ; Unique identifier: NCT03266510.

scholarly journals Blood pressure and cholesterol measurements in primary care: cross-sectional analyses in a dynamic cohort

BJGP Open ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. BJGPO.2021.0131
Author(s):  
Annemarijn de Boer ◽  
Monika Hollander ◽  
Ineke van Dis ◽  
Frank L.J. Visseren ◽  
Michiel L Bots ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Primary Care ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk ◽  
Mixed Model ◽  
Time Window ◽  
Guideline Implementation ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Menopausal Women ◽  
History Of ◽  
Post Menopausal

BackgroundGuidelines on cardiovascular risk management (CVRM) recommend blood pressure (BP) and cholesterol measurements every five years in men ≥40 and (post-menopausal) women ≥50 years.AimEvaluate CVRM guideline implementation.Design & settingCross-sectional analyses in a dynamic cohort using primary care electronic health record (EHR) data from the Julius General Practitioners’ Network (n=388,929).MethodWe assessed trends (2008–2018) in the proportion of patients with at least one measurement (BP and cholesterol) every one, two, and five years, in those with a history of (1) cardiovascular disease (CVD) and diabetes, (2) diabetes only, (3) CVD only, (4) cardiovascular risk assessment (CRA) indication based on other medical history, or (5) no CRA indication. We evaluated trends over time using logistic regression mixed model analyses.ResultsTrends in annual BP and cholesterol measurement increased for patients with a history of CVD from 37.0% to 48.4% (P<0.001) and 25.8% to 40.2% (P<0.001). In the five-year window 2014–2018, BP and cholesterol measurements were performed in respectively 78.5% and 74.1% of all men ≥40 years and 82.2% and 78.5% in all women ≥50 years. Least measured were patients without a CRA indication: men 60.2% and 62.4%; women 55.5% and 59.3%.ConclusionThe fairly high frequency of CVRM measurements available in the EHR of patients in primary care suggests an adequate implementation of the CVRM guideline. As nearly all individuals visit the general practitioner once within a five-year time window, improvement of CVRM remains very well possible, especially in those without a CRA indication.

Abstract P161: Inspiratory Muscle Training and Aerobic Training in the Treatment of Hypertension: Baroreflex Sensitivity, Sympathetic Activity and Endothelial Function Responses

Hypertension ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 68 (suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Janaina B Ferreira ◽  
Valéria Hong ◽  
Otávio Coelho ◽  
Silvia Cavasin ◽  
Fernando Santos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Endothelial Function ◽  
Arterial Hypertension ◽  
Vascular Function ◽  
Sympathetic Activity ◽  
Baroreflex Sensitivity ◽  
Aerobic Training ◽  
Inspiratory Muscle ◽  
Inspiratory Muscle Training ◽  
Muscle Training

Arterial hypertension is associated to sympathetic hyperactivity and endothelial dysfunction. Aerobic training (AT) is highly recommended to improve vascular function minimizing complications and Inspiratory muscle training (IMT) has demonstrated beneficial effects in this population, especially improving cardiovascular autonomic control. We sought to observe the effects of both training modalities on baroreflex sensitivity, sympathetic activity and endothelial function, in patients with controlled arterial hypertension. 10 patients (55±4 years old, both genders) were included and allocated into two groups: IMT (n=5, 7days/week, 30min/day, load=30%PImax) and AT (n=5, 2days/week, 1hour/day, load=70%HRmax). Both training protocols were performed during 12 weeks. Blood pressure (BP) and heart rate (HR) signals were recorded before and after protocols, as well as the other evaluations, by pulse telemetry (Finometer®PRO) and ECG (PowerLab®). Arterial baroreflex sensitivity was analysed by sequence method. Sympathetic activity was evaluated by microneurography (PowerLab®) and the endothelial function was evaluated by flow mediated dilation (EnVisor CHD, Philips, Bothell, WA, USA). After 12 weeks treatment IMT improved baroreflex sensitvity to both tachycardic and bradycardic responses respectively (BRR Down Gain (mean): IMT=26.51(±1.7)vs15.57(±6.7), AT=13.94(±5.5)vs17.92(±1.6); BRR Up Gain (mean): IMT=17.16(±1.2)vs16.28(±1.1), AT=12.39(±5)vs12.69(±3.3)). Additionally, we observed reduction of sympathetic activity in both groups (IMT:33.23±11.79vs25.07±13.28; AT:29.88±7.07vs24.09±6.37) and improvement of endothelial function independent of the treatment (IMT:6.4±2.18vs7.22±2.08; AT:5.49±7.43vs7.06±3.12). Regarding the responses to inspiratory muscle training and aerobic training on autonomic cardiovascular control and endothelial function in Hypertension, we demonstrated for the first time that IMT and AT present quite similar effects in patients with controlled blood pressure.

scholarly journals Acute effects of calcium supplements on blood pressure and blood coagulation: secondary analysis of a randomised controlled trial in post-menopausal women

2015 ◽  
Vol 114 (11) ◽  
pp. 1868-1874 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarah M. Bristow ◽  
Greg D. Gamble ◽  
Angela Stewart ◽  
Anne M. Horne ◽  
Ian R. Reid
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Blood Coagulation ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Secondary Analysis ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Calcium Citrate ◽  
Acute Effects ◽  
Menopausal Women ◽  
Post Menopausal ◽  
Randomised Controlled

AbstractRecent evidence suggests that Ca supplements increase the risk of cardiovascular events, but the mechanism(s) by which this occurs is uncertain. In a study primarily assessing the effects of various Ca supplements on blood Ca levels, we also investigated the effects of Ca supplements on blood pressure and their acute effects on blood coagulation. We randomised 100 post-menopausal women to 1 g/d of Ca or a placebo containing no Ca. Blood pressure was measured at baseline and every 2 h up to 8 h after their first dose and after 3 months of supplementation. Blood coagulation was measured by thromboelastography (TEG) in a subgroup of participants (n 40) up to 8 h only. Blood pressure declined over 8 h in both the groups, consistent with its normal diurnal rhythm. The reduction in systolic blood pressure was smaller in the Ca group compared with the control group by >5 mmHg between 2 and 6 h (P≤0·02), and the reduction in diastolic blood pressure was smaller at 2 h (between-groups difference 4·5 mmHg, P=0·004). Blood coagulability, assessed by TEG, increased from baseline over 8 h in the calcium citrate and control groups. At 4 h, the increase in the coagulation index was greater in the calcium citrate group compared with the control group (P=0·03), which appeared to be due to a greater reduction in the time to clot initiation. These data suggest that Ca supplements may acutely influence blood pressure and blood coagulation. Further investigation of this possibility is required.

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