scholarly journals The relationship between household income and educational level. (south Darfur rural areas-Sudan) statistical study

2016 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 27 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sofian A. A. Saadv ◽  
Amin Adam
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Household Survey ◽  
Level Of Education ◽  
Household Level ◽  
Income Sources ◽  
Dependent Variables ◽  
Independent Variable ◽  
High Level ◽  
Education Groups ◽  
The Relationship

<p>The main aim of this paper is to find out the relationship between the household level of income and the level of education for the household being lived in southern Darfur state (Sudan) since they were seriously affected by the war conflict and lost most of their income sources. One-way Analyses of Variance (ANOVA) have been used to asses this relation where the independent variable and dependent variables are categorical and continuous respectively. Data gathered from Household survey (HHS) is analyzed. The results indicate the existence of relationship between certain education groups and the level of income, mainly high level of education comparing with the low level.</p>

scholarly journals Patterns of Alcohol Consumption in the PURE Poland Cohort Study and Their Relationship with Health Problems

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (8) ◽  
pp. 4185
Author(s):  
Katarzyna Zatońska ◽  
Piotr Psikus ◽  
Alicja Basiak-Rasała ◽  
Zuzanna Stępnicka ◽  
Maria Wołyniec ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cohort Study ◽  
Alcohol Consumption ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Level Of Education ◽  
Adult Participants ◽  
Frequent Consumption ◽  
Urban And Rural Areas ◽  
Socio Demographic Factors ◽  
High Level

(1) Background: Alcohol is a leading risk factor of premature morbidity and mortality. The objective of this study was to investigate the patterns of alcohol consumption in the PURE Poland cohort study baseline. (2) Methods: A Polish cohort was enrolled in the baseline study in 2007–2010. The study group consisted of 2021 adult participants of urban and rural areas from the Lower Silesia voivodeship in Poland (747 men and 1274 women). (3) Results: In the overall study population, 67.3% were current drinkers, 10.3% were former drinkers, and 22.4% were abstainers. Current use of alcohol products was more prevalent in men (77.2%), people living in urban areas (73.0%), and people with a higher level of education (78.0%). The percentage of current drinkers decreased with increasing age (from 73.4% in 30- to 44-year-olds to 48.8% in participants aged 64 and more). The majority of participants (89.2%) declared a low level of alcohol intake. The chance of high level of intake of alcohol was four times higher in men than in women (OR 4.17; CI 1.64–10.6). The majority of participants (54.6%) declared most frequent consumption of low-alcohol drinks (beer, wine) and 21% declared most frequent consumption of spirits. Current drinkers had almost 1.5-fold higher odds of diabetes and cardiovascular diseases (CVD) than never drinkers (OR 1.49, CI 1.03–2.17; OR 1.66, CI 1.27–2.18, respectively). Former drinkers had higher odds for hypertension and CVD than never drinkers (1.73, CI 1.05–2.85; OR 1.76, CI 1.22–2.53, respectively). (4) Conclusions: In our cohort study, we observed several socio-demographic factors differentiating the patterns of alcohol consumption. The preventive programs should focus predominantly on men, people aged <45 years, and those with a higher level of education.

An Empirical Examination of the Anomie Theory of Drug Use

1983 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 49-62 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Thomas Dull
Keyword(s):  
Drug Use ◽  
Sex Education ◽  
Adult Population ◽  
Adequate Explanation ◽  
Empirical Examination ◽  
Anomie Theory ◽  
Dependent Variables ◽  
Independent Variable ◽  
Level Of Significance ◽  
The Relationship

The purpose of the present study was to investigate the relationship between anomie theory, as measured by Srole's Anomie Scale, and the respondents self-admitted drug use (alcohol, marijuana, tobacco, amphetamines, and barbiturates). An analysis of self-reported drug use data was conducted of a general Texas adult population. This analysis included a series of bivariate cross comparison correlations between the independent variable (anomie) and the dependent drug variables. The relationship between the independent and dependent variables were further examined by calculating the correlation and level of significance within selected categories of several demographic (age, race, sex, education, income, and marital status) control variables. The results indicated that anomie was significantly correlated with several of the drug variables. However, these associations were extremely weak and of little explanatory value. It was concluded that, within the framework of this analysis, anomie theory fails to provide an adequate explanation for the use of drugs.

scholarly journals Hubungan Pengetahuan, Situasi, Sikap Dan Motivasi Dengan Keputusan Pembelian Laptop

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 76-87
Author(s):  
Bruno Hami ◽  
V. Ratna Inggawati
Keyword(s):  
Correlation Coefficient ◽  
Partial Correlation ◽  
Empirical Studies ◽  
Purchase Decision ◽  
Catholic University ◽  
Dependent Variables ◽  
Independent Variable ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Attitude And Motivation ◽  
Economic Faculty

The study aims to obtain empirical information that knowledge, situation, attitude and motivation have positive relationship simultaneously and partially with laptop purchasing decision from students of Economic Faculty of Catholic University Darma Cendika Surabaya. Problems and hypothesis are formulated based on references and empirical studies. To test the hypothesis used regression conversion F test (linearitan) to determine whether the relationship between the dependent variable with the independent variable is linear or not. The correlation coefficient test is used to determine the size of the correlation coefficient whether significant or not. Population in this research is students of Economic Faculty of Catholic University Darma Cendika Surabaya with amount of sample counted 100 people. The end result of the study shows that the partial correlation test shows: (i) knowledge has a correlation coefficient of 0,034 with significance of 0,738 > 0,05, meaning the correlation coefficient is not significant; (ii) the situation has a correlation coefficient of 0,365 with significant 0,00 < 0,05, meaning significant correlation coefficient; (iii) attitude of having correlation coefficient 0,416 with significance 0,00 < 0,05, meaning significant correlation coefficient; and (iv) motivation has a correlation coefficient of 0,232 with a significance of 0,022 < 0,05, meaning the correlation coefficient is significant. Simultaneously, the dependent variable relation (X) with independent variable (Y) is positive with adjusted R Square (R2) of 0,428 which means that 42,8% purchase decision of laptop students of Economic Faculty of Catholic University Darma Cendika Surabaya can be explained by the four dependent variables, while the remaining 57,2% of the decision to purchase laptop students of Economic Faculty of Catholic University Darma Cendika Surabaya can be explained by other variables outside of the four dependent variables currently being studied.

scholarly journals العلاقة بين التحفظ والتحوط المحاسبي دراسة تطبيقية في عينة من المصارف العراقية

2022 ◽  
Vol 17 (55, 1) ◽  
pp. 18-36
Author(s):  
مصطفى بدر عماش ◽  
علي حسين
Keyword(s):  
Banking Sector ◽  
Stock Exchange ◽  
Market Value ◽  
Accounting Conservatism ◽  
Financial Instruments ◽  
Independent Variable ◽  
High Level ◽  
Value Model ◽  
The Relationship

The research aims to test the relationship between accounting conservatism and hedging in the Iraqi banking sector. The research dealt with a sample of (12) banks listed in the Iraqi Stock Exchange from 2009-2019, with (132) views, and the(unconditional) accounting conservatism was identified. As an independent variable andaccounting hedging as a dependent variable, the (unconditional) accountingconservatism was measured through the market value model to the book, while the accounting hedging was measured as a dummy dust, and the results indicated a statistically significant correlation between accounting conservatism and accounting hedging.  orientation of the study sample towards proactive accounting conservatism according to its unconditional scale leads to a reduction in the adoption of accounting hedging tools in managing the risks of financial instruments. The reason for this may be due to the presence of a high level of accounting conservatism that makes the bank safe sort of a lot of dangers. Which contributes to reducing reliance on accounting hedging tools.However, this relationship turns out to be negative, that is, the increasing

scholarly journals Quality of Life as A Predictor of Happiness and Life Satisfaction

2020 ◽  
Vol 47 (2) ◽  
pp. 93
Author(s):  
Langgersari Elsari Novianti ◽  
Esti Wungu ◽  
Fredrick Dermawan Purba
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Life Satisfaction ◽  
Secondary Level ◽  
Physical Domain ◽  
Level Of Education ◽  
The Social ◽  
Dependent Variables ◽  
Independent Variable ◽  
Regression Tests

This study aimed to find correlations between the quality of life, happiness, and life satisfaction of the general population of Bandung city. There were 370 participants with averageage of 20.7 years, mostly male (55.7%) and with a secondary level of education (SMP-SMA; 57.0%) who completed three questionnaires: (i) WHOQOL-BREF to measure quality of life, (ii) Happiness Thermometer to measure happiness, and (iii) Self-Anchoring Cantril Striving Scale to measure life satisfaction. Multiple linear regression tests were used with happiness and life satisfaction as dependent variables and quality of life as an independent variable. The results showed that the psychological and physical domains of quality of life were significant predictors of happiness and satisfaction of life, where the psychological domain proved significant in predicting all four-time points: happiness today (β=0.039; p<0.05), happiness throughout life (β=0.043; p<0.05), current life satisfaction (β=0.034; p<0.05) and life satisfaction five years from now (β=0.017; p<0.05). Physical domain was similar to psychological except for current life satisfaction (β=0.029; 0.023; 0.014; p<0.05). The environmental domain had been shown to predict happiness throughout life significantly (β=0.019; p<0.05) and life satisfaction five years from now (β=-0.015; p<0.05). The social domain was not found to be a significant predictor. It can be concluded that improving the psychological and physical function of Indonesian people and their environmental conditions will lead them to a happier and more satisfying life.

scholarly journals Knowledge and attitude of South-Indian smokers towards smoking associated health risk

2017 ◽  
Vol 07 (02) ◽  
pp. 024-030
Author(s):  
Ananya Madiyal ◽  
Vidya Ajila ◽  
G. Subhas Babu ◽  
Shruthi Hegde
Keyword(s):  
Oral Cavity ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
The Body ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Level Of Education ◽  
South Indian ◽  
Intentions To Quit ◽  
Knowledge And Attitude ◽  
High Level

Abstract Aim: To assess the knowledge and attitude of South-Indian smokers towards health effects of smoking and their intentions to quit. Study design: A cross sectional questionnaire based survey was conducted among 550 smokers hailing from South India who reported to the out-patient department of the dental hospital. Results: Highest incidence of smoking in men was seen in those who received moderate level of education and those residing in rural areas. In female smokers, the highest incidence was seen in those residing in urban areas (53.8%) with a high level of education (38.4%). We found that males continued their habit mainly to destress while females used it to socialize. Majority of the participants were aware that smoking causes a host of problems in the oral cavity and 68.18% were aware that passive smoking was injurious to the body. Most of the responders admitted to having observed warnings on tobacco products and were willing to quit the habit with help from their dentists. Conclusion: Smokers are at risk for various diseases that include the cardiovascular, respiratory and reproductive systems as well as the oral cavity. This study sheds light on the level of awareness among current tobacco users and the areas of deficiency in patient education which should be addressed by clinicians.

scholarly journals The Effect of Farmer-Pastoralist Violence on Income: New Survey Evidence from Nigeria’s Middle Belt States

2015 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Topher L. McDougal ◽  
Talia Hagerty ◽  
Lisa Inks ◽  
Claire-Lorentz Ugo-Ike ◽  
Caitriona Dowd ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Informal Economy ◽  
Household Income ◽  
Negative Binomial ◽  
Household Survey ◽  
Violent Conflict ◽  
Inverse Relation ◽  
Jel Codes ◽  
Household Level ◽  
Household Incomes ◽  
The Relationship

This study estimates the relationship between violent conflict and household income in four states of Nigeria’s Middle Belt region (Benue, Kaduna, Nasarawa, and Plateau) where farmers and pastoralists routinely clash over access to farmland, grazing areas, stock routes, and water points for animals and households. Although relatively low in intensity, this form of violence is widespread, persistent, and arguably increasing in its incidence. We obtained data on income and household-level violence exposure from an original household survey administered in September 2014. Employing a negative binomial instrumental variables model, we find an inverse relation between violence and household incomes. Incomes could be increased by between 64 to 210 percent of current levels if violence related to farmer-pastoralist conflict in the four study states were reduced to near-zero. Cumulatively, we find that forgone income represents 10.2 percent of the combined official state domestic product in the study area. This is high when compared to the costs of conflict measured in other studies, even as our study takes account only of microeconomic costs. After incorporating an estimate of the size of the informal economy, the microeconomic cost of farmer-pastoralist conflict to the total economy is approximately 2.9 percent. [JEL codes: C36, D74, J17]

scholarly journals The Effect of Term of Payment on Customer Loyalty with Electronic Word of Mouth as Moderating Variable

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 125-134
Author(s):  
Ufi Rumefi
Keyword(s):  
Customer Loyalty ◽  
Research Method ◽  
Word Of Mouth ◽  
Electronic Word Of Mouth ◽  
Complaint Handling ◽  
Quality Product ◽  
Dependent Variables ◽  
Independent Variable ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Test Result

This research was conducted to find out and explain the influence of Term of Payment dependent variables on independent variable Customer Loyalty with Electronic Word of Mouth as moderating variable. Samples in this study were customers of UD SUMBER AGUNG which amounted to 37 respondents, the research method used is quantitatively described with a tool SPSS.16 aids, the results of the study showed nillai t sig. the effect of Term of Payment on Customer Loyalty before moderating test of 0.000 is less than 0.05 this means that Term of Payment affects Customer Loyalty before moderating test for percentage of R-Squares effect of Term of Payment on Customer Loyalty of 57.3% the remaining 42.7% is influenced by other variables such as: complaint handling and good quality product. The test result of t. sig variable Term of Payment to Customer Loyalty after moderating with Electronic Word of Mouth as moderating variable is AbsX1_X2 (0.789>0.05) this explains that Electronic Word of Mouth as moderating variable is not able to strengthen the relationship between X to Y.

scholarly journals Referred morbidity of an African descendant community in the eastern Amazonia

2020 ◽  
Vol 30 (Supplement_5) ◽  
Author(s):  
S Castelo-Branco ◽  
R P Santos ◽  
B R Santos ◽  
D D Pinnock ◽  
H P Silva
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Household Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Health Issues ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Economic Class ◽  
Healthcare Needs ◽  
Life Habits ◽  
High Level

Abstract Background In the Amazon there are several quilombola communities, remnants of the enslaved peoples of African descendant. In Pará/Brazil (Eastern Amazonia) there are over 300 quilombola communities established in rural areas. The aim of this study is to investigate the living conditions and morbidity of individuals aged 18+ years who live in a quilombola community in the city of Ananindeua/Pará. Methods A cross-sectional study was done with 132 individuals (71.3% of the population). A household survey and a questionnaire evaluating socioeconomic, life habits and self-reported morbidity were conducted. Results Among the participants 90.2% belonged to the D/E economic class, 60.6% were women, the median age was 39.5 years (p = 0.343) and the per capita income was U$41.50/month with no difference between sexes (p = 0.266). 97.0% of the participants self-declared black or brown. Women had more education than men (7x5 years, p = 0.019). Most worked with agriculture and fishing (55.5%). 53.8% of men rated their health status as good while 41.0% of women rated their health as good (p = 0.002). 55.3% had never smoked cigarettes, 25.8% were ex-smokers, and 25.8% were smokers. More men (78.8%) used alcohol regularly than women (43.8%) (p = 0.000), among the users 32.5% reported weekly or daily use. The frequency of self-reported morbidity was as follows: Asthma 21.7%, Hypertension 10.6%, Diabetes 6.8%, Chronic infectious diseases 5.6%, Kidney disease 3.9%, Stroke 3.3%, Angina 3.1%, Liver disease 2.3%, Chronic heart failure 1.5%, with no difference between the sexes. Only 4.0% used medication for diabetes, and 7.6% for hypertension. Conclusions The study shows the social vulnerability of this quilombola community, which is similar to others in the region. The rural afro-derived Amazonian populations need to be empowered to help inform policy makers about their main health issues and healthcare needs. Key messages There are few studies about health of quilombola communities. This research shows the need for further investigations to produce sensible information and promote the empowerment of these populations. This study shows a high level of vulnerability of this community, similar to others in rural Amazon. Information about their health needs is fundamental to promotion of public policies in the region.

scholarly journals Analysis of Relationship Between Personality and Favorite Places with Poisson Regression Analysis

2018 ◽  
Vol 16 ◽  
pp. 02001 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ha Yoon Song ◽  
Hwa Baek Kang
Keyword(s):  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Poisson Regression ◽  
Human Mobility ◽  
High Tendency ◽  
Independent Variables ◽  
Location Data ◽  
Dependent Variables ◽  
Independent Variable ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
University Laboratory

A relationship between human personality and preferred locations have been a long conjecture for human mobility research. In this paper, we analyzed the relationship between personality and visiting place with Poisson Regression. Poisson Regression can analyze correlation between countable dependent variable and independent variable. For this analysis, 33 volunteers provided their personality data and 49 location categories data are used. Raw location data is preprocessed to be normalized into rates of visit and outlier data is prunned. For the regression analysis, independent variables are personality data and dependent variables are preprocessed location data. Several meaningful results are found. For example, persons with high tendency of frequent visiting to university laboratory has personality with high conscientiousness and low openness. As well, other meaningful location categories are presented in this paper.

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