scholarly journals Multivariable Classification of Countries of the World in Terms of Innovation Development

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (3.14) ◽  
pp. 360
Author(s):  
Natalia Victorovna Kuznetsova ◽  
Ekaterina Victorovna Kocheva ◽  
Nikolay Anatolievich Matev

The article makes an attempt to contribute to the scientific literature on the issues of directions of intercountry integration from the point of innovative development and understanding of a new structure of integration associations of countries, leaders of innovation development, which will determine the top level of development. The results of the multivariable classification of 189 countries in terms of innovative development show that the countries are divided into five clusters. Moreover, the leading countries that form the "core" of the cluster are identified within each group. Also, there is a high differentiation in all indicators characterizing innovation development of the countries as evidenced by the calculated coefficients of variation.  

2020 ◽  
pp. 65-75
Author(s):  
S. N. Smirnov

The author considers the problems of typification of society. Some concepts of typification of social stratification models in different countries formulated and justified in historical and legal, historical, sociological, and economic scientific literature are reviewed. The circumstances that make it difficult to formulate universal concepts designed for application in the complex of social Sciences are identified. These circumstances include insufficient consideration of legal factors, including the position of the legislator, the specifics of the corporate legal status, and the characteristics of the mechanism for changing individual legal status. The author offers a variant of classification of society types from the point of view of legal registration of their structure. The possibility of distinguishing types such as consolidated companies and segmented companies is justified.


2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 54-62
Author(s):  
Tetiana Hushtan ◽  
Anatoliy Kolodiychuk

The subject of the study is to substantiate classifications of the factors of innovation development of the industry: according to the priority, traditional, barrier, according to the hierarchical level of innovation, the nature of supply demand for innovation, the peculiarity of the influence of factors on the market environment, the influence of factors on innovation localization, importance of innovations, the effect of innovation, nature of the impact, the power of influence, the type of competition, and other classifications of factors of innovation development of the industry. The need to intensify the development of Ukrainian industry in an innovative way requires the identification of the impact on these processes of various factors. To group these influences, the assessment of these factors should be done in the context of separate classes. For this purpose, it is necessary to develop a classification of innovative factors of industrial development. The purpose of the paper is to investigate and systematize the defining conditions for the activation of innovative development in the industrial sphere. The following methods were used in the work: dialectical method of scientific knowledge, analysis and synthesis, comparative, as well as the method of data generalization. It is proved that the complex non-use of these classifications for the substantiation of innovative development of the industry will improve the quality of planning and forecasting documentation and provisions of industrial policy. The applied meaning arising from the criteria for the classification of factors is based on their specific spatiotemporal and situational application, in particular, in conditions of imperfect competition. The classification of innovative factors of industrial development according to their priority is given. In this classification, the priority is determined by the importance and relevance of innovative industry development tasks on the basis of conclusions made as a result of the literature review. Summarizing the factors of innovation development in the barrier classification allows us to distinguish three aggregated groups of factors: socio-political and managerial, socio-economic, and financial. Our socio-economic analysis of innovative development factors of industry also allowed us to identify the following their classification attributes: the hierarchical level of innovation implementation, the character of demand for innovation, the nature of the impact on the market environment, the type of impact, the time horizon of action, impact on the area of innovation localization, the economic essence of innovation, the nature of the significance of innovation, innovation effect, the nature of effective impact, the power of influence, the type of competition.


2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 122 ◽  
Author(s):  
Iryna Kreidych ◽  
Alla Bielova ◽  
Gheorghij Olijnyk

The aim of the article is to study the innovative capabilities of a production enterprise, it is determined that the inefficient use of innovative ideas by enterprises results from the need to increase the economic development of industrial enterprises and the introduction of innovative ideas and projects, as well as the development of a model of innovative development of the corresponding type. The subject of the study is: factors of generating signs of innovation, the influence of scientific and technical developments on the industrial enterprise is determined. The analysis of the existing structure allows us to determine precisely the priority directions of innovative development in the conditions of global changes and integration into the world economic space of post-socialist enterprises, taking into account constructive and key factors ensuring their resultant effect. In addition, a closed scheme of the formation of a system of strategic innovation development, which will allow the verification of the adequacy of predictive values and ensure the achievement of strategic innovative performance of the business entity, is proposed. Methodology. The article uses classical methods of scientific research, among which are: observation, scientific abstraction and comparison, analysis and synthesis. Results. The conducted research is based on the thesis that structural and dynamic shifts within the production enterprise and their transition to a qualitatively new level of economic growth are only possible if active development of innovative resources of different nature will increase the ability of the enterprise to self-development, improve competitive positions, and make it possible to become an equal partner in the world community. Practical implications. Explains the complex causes of the current state of industrial enterprises, namely, former socialist enterprises, their problems were identified, and the ways of the enterprises’ exit to the new level of development are proposed taking into account the constitutive and key factors of ensuring the effectiveness of the innovation activity itself. The closed-loop scheme of strategic innovation development of a production enterprise is suggested in the practice of management that will protect an enterprise from the inefficient use of innovative resources and innovative opportunities on the basis of a counter-check on the adequacy of the constructed forecasts and the feasibility of carrying out innovative changes and attracting investment resources. Value/originality. This research was carried out within the framework of the scientific work of the Department of Theoretical and Applied Economics of the National Technical University of Ukraine “Igor Sikorsky Kyiv Polytechnic Institute” (№ 0112U007817) on the theme: “Globalization of the directions of formation of industrial potential in conditions of post-industrial transformation”.


Author(s):  
Ekaterina S. Podbornova ◽  
Maxim A. Melnikov ◽  
Vladimir A. Berdnikov

At this stage of development of the world economy, all countries, business and scientific organizations are engaged in the issue of quality monitoring of innovative development of society and the economy, inventing for this various indicators that could most comprehensively assess the level and quality of innovative development of an economic unit. Currently, the global innovation index is used to assess the level of the country's innovative development. The Global Innovation Index (GII) stimulates and supports innovation during this critical period. The Global Innovation Index is a global study and its accompanying ranking of countries in the world in terms of the level of innovation development. This article has reviewed the Global Innovation Index from 2015 to 2020 for the Russian Federation and the first 10 in the rating, based on the 2020 rating. We also analyzed the indicators that make up the main components of the global innovation index in Russia for 2020, and identified the strengths and weaknesses of 7 main components. The author proposes the main directions of development in terms of problem indicators of the global innovation index of the Russian Federation.


2020 ◽  
pp. 98-104
Author(s):  
Oryslava Korkuna ◽  
Oksana Nykyha ◽  
Oksana Pidvalna

Purpose. The aim of the article is generalization of conceptual bases of innovative development of tourism at the regional level, allocation of perspective directions of innovative activity in functioning of regional tourist systems of Ukraine. Methodology of research. The following methods are used achieve this goal the: analysis of scientific literature ‒ to study approaches to understanding the essence and structure of the concepts “innovation”, “innovative activity”, “innovative development”, features of innovation in tourism; generalization and synthesis ‒ to substantiate the conceptual foundations of innovative development of regional tourist systems. Findings. It is proved that innovation is an important factor and result of modern tourism, and innovation development should be considered as a priority to increase the competitiveness of tourism enterprises, destinations, regions and countries; it has a complex structure and systemic nature. It is substantiated that the main directions of innovative development of regional tourist systems are: formation of innovative infrastructure (in particular, in the form of tourist clusters), intensification of innovative activity at enterprises, increase of efficiency of introduction and use of innovative technologies, wider involvement of administrative, scientific and educational subsystems to the processes of generating and supporting innovation. Originality. Theoretical and methodological bases of research of innovative development of tourism at the regional level are improved. The concept of innovative factors of regional tourist systems has been further developed. Practical value. The results of the study can be used in the practice of regional and state management of tourism development, strategic planning, and in the activities of tourism businesses. Theoretical and methodological generalizations can be the basis for further researches. Key words: innovative development, regional tourist system, approach, concept, cluster.


Author(s):  
S. Horbachenko ◽  
L. Syvolap ◽  
S. Nikitchenko ◽  
А. Revenko ◽  
Y. Riabeka

Abstract. The development of the world economy, despite the barriers, is quite dynamic. The drivers of growth and stabilization of national economies at present are not raw materials industries, nor even industrial enterprises, but companies that generate innovative products. The enterprises that are most dynamically developing and producing innovations include enterprises in the field of medicine and IT. The updated list of S&P 500 companies showed that 50% of all the most innovative companies in the world are registered in the United States. Despite the pandemic challenges, some economies have not suffered significant losses due to quarantine restrictions. Since the level of innovative development of the national economy is a total (integrated) expression of the whole complex of innovative products created by companies of such a country, the initial elements are the creation of favorable regulatory and state support for developers of innovative products, tax benefits and incentives, export support for innovative products and so on. In order to assess these achievements, international organizations have developed appropriate methods for measuring the index of innovation development, namely: Global Innovation Index (GII) (WIPO and Cornell University), Bloomberg Innovation Index (BII) (Bloomberg), Global Competitiveness Index (World Economic Forum), World Competitiveness Index (IMD World Competitiveness Center). Studies have shown that against the background of the flagship countries (Switzerland, Sweden, Singapore, USA, Germany, China, etc.), Ukraine is constantly losing its position in the rankings, which is an objective reason for deindustrialization of the economy and denationalization and privatization of strategic enterprises of national importance. Today, Ukraine ranks 45th (GII) and 56th (BII), respectively, and belongs to the group of countries with below-average incomes per capita. At the same time, Ukraine ranks 71st in terms of innovation spending and 37th in terms of innovation development (profit). The development of Ukraine’s innovation component, according to experts and specialists, is ahead of forecast values. Keywords: national economy, innovations, innovative development, innovative products, innovative companies, indices of innovative development, gross national income per capita. JEL Classification O30 Formulas: 0; fig.: 1; tabl.: 4; bibl.: 19.


2018 ◽  
Vol 26 (4) ◽  
pp. 570-584
Author(s):  
Irina V Gladysheva

The article is devoted to the analysis of the main factors of innovative spatial development that affect the economy of Russia and the world. The purpose of the article is to identify trends in Russia’s innovative development and “new” aspirants for world innovative leadership. Analysis of differences in the state of spatial innovation development, including the identification of features and factors of influence on the economy, has made it possible to note the limitations of existing approaches for assessing the innovative development of countries, including Russia, and to propose an authorial approach to the formation of a model of the interconnection of modern markets. The author’s idea of the model of innovative development in the system of economic development of the country is presented in the form of a conceptual model for the formation of an innovative landscape in which a qualitative aspect of management plays a special role: defining the requirements for the innovative character of development management, using new ideas, technologies and management methods at the state level. The study of the new innovative landscape of Russia and other countries of the world, as a result of the assessment of spatial innovation development, suggests the definition of new solutions in the field of innovative development at the regional and world level.


2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Marko Orel ◽  
Will Martin Bennis

Purpose During the past decade, the coworking concept has expanded and evolved along with the industry associated with it, so that references to coworking often refer to notions quite distinct from the original conception. The purpose of this paper is to establish a classification of contemporary coworking environments and clarify the scholarly, as well as the industry usage of a coworking model. Design/methodology/approach The paper reviews popular and scientific literature and the authors’ field experience in the industry to derive three defining features of coworking and distinct categories that help clarify the concept and can be used to identify and evaluate coworking spaces. Findings The main finding behind the following paper is the taxonomy of contemporary coworking spaces that takes into account the broad spectrum of shared workspaces that commonly receive the coworking label, specifies the features required to warrant that label and provides a framework for understanding the defining factors of a coworking model. The taxonomy showcases four unalike types of coworking spaces and the three types of non-coworking shared offices that are repeatedly and somewhat mistakenly labeled as coworking environments. Originality/value Understanding the core differentiation between unalike models would enable scholars to guide and structure the study to evolve in coworking research. The taxonomy can be seen as a base for further research in the field of coworking that helps ensure scholars are sufficiently specific and distinctive in the shared subject of their research, suggests a roadmap for future coworking research and provides a tool to evaluate real-world examples of work environments concerning the degree they fit the coworking concept.


Author(s):  
N. Gavrilova

The production and promotion of high-tech products and new technologies to the global market is an essential condition for the competitiveness of the country. Some states that do not have abundant natural resources have made a stake on the development of advanced technologies. This secured them a place among the world leaders in terms of economic growth and population’s living standards. In-depth analysis of world practices of facilitating innovation is a pre-requisite for formulating the recommendations on the conditions for innovative development and competitiveness of Russia. From this point of view, the experience of Finland and Israel, which have managed to solve the respective problems is very interesting. Besides Finland and Israel, a similar model of innovation development is used in Sweden, Norway, Iceland and several other countries. The advantage of this model is that it creates an opportunity for national leadership at the world market of innovation. The national companies engaged in the development of new technologies create markets for themselves. Namely, they generate new needs and satisfy them, thus, they do not have to follow the market.


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