Fluorescence in the assessment of the share of a key component in the mixing of feed

2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 1086-1092
Author(s):  
Dominika Barbara Matuszek
Keyword(s):  
Granulometric Composition ◽  
Uv Light ◽  
High Reliability ◽  
Average Particle Size ◽  
Average Particle ◽  
Particle Sizes ◽  
Mixing Process ◽  
Multicomponent Mixtures ◽  
Computer Image Analysis ◽  
Significant Statistical Difference

AbstractThis paper presents the results of the mixing of a multicomponent feed for cattle. Three types of mixtures with different proportions of individual components and granulometric composition were selected. After the mixing process, the fraction of the key component (tracer) was determined. Tracer consisted of crushed grains of yellow maize, which was wet treated with a 0.01% solution of Rhodamine B. A tracer with two different average particle sizes d1 = 2.0 mm and d2 = 1.25 mm was introduced into the mixture. Then, the sample was illuminated with UV light, and the content of the tracer in the sample was evaluated using the computer image analysis. In addition, the tracer was separated to determine its fraction using a laboratory scale. From the obtained results, the high reliability of the fluorescence optical method for the evaluation of the homogeneity of granular multicomponent mixtures was proved. It was also observed that slightly better results were obtained for a tracer with a larger average particle size (d = 2.0 mm), although the comparative analysis did not indicate a significant statistical difference in the results in each series of tests.

Photocatalytically Active Cotton Fabrics Produced with Anatase Synthesized Using a Low-Temperature Sol-Gel Process

2018 ◽  
Vol 762 ◽  
pp. 408-412
Author(s):  
Raivis Eglītis ◽  
Gundars Mežinskis
Keyword(s):  
Photocatalytic Activity ◽  
Uv Light ◽  
Sol Gel ◽  
Average Particle Size ◽  
Synthesis Method ◽  
Average Particle ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Sol Gel Process ◽  
Anatase Nanoparticles ◽  
Pre Treatment

In this work two different hydrosols were used to impregnate a commercially available cotton fabric with anatase nanoparticles to give it photocatalytic activity. To increase the activity, different pre-treatment methods were applied. The nanoparticle size was determined using dynamic light scattering and x-ray diffraction and the fabrics were examined using scanning electron microscopy. Photocatalytic activity was measured using the degradation of methyl-orange while irradiating the samples with UV light. The synthesis method allowed to produce anatase with an average particle size of 32 to 37 nm depending on the synthesis method used.

Effects of Dissolving Agents on Particle Size Reduction of Titanium Dioxide Synthesized by Solution Combustion Technique

2016 ◽  
Vol 690 ◽  
pp. 236-239
Author(s):  
Oratai Jongprateep ◽  
Rachata Puranasamriddhi
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Titanium Dioxide ◽  
Sulfuric Acid ◽  
Nitric Acid ◽  
Average Particle Size ◽  
Average Particle ◽  
Particle Sizes ◽  
Solution Combustion ◽  
Initial Reagent ◽  
Combustion Technique

High photocatalytic activity of nanoparticulate titanium dioxide has attracted worldwide attention. Synthesis techniques of the nanoparticles, however, often require high energy supply or costly initial reagents. Solution combustion technique is an energy-effective technique capable of synthesizing nanosized titanium powders. This research aimed at utilizing a less expensive initial reagent in synthesis of nanoparticulate titanium dioxide by the solution combustion technique. The research also examined effects of dissolving agents on chemical composition and particle sizes of the synthesized powders. A low-cost initial reagent, titanium dioxide with average particle size of 154 nanometers, was dissolved in sulfuric acid or dispersed in nitric acid prior to the combustion. Experimental results revealed that the pure anatase phase titanium dioxide was successfully obtained in powders prepared from both sulfuric acid and nitric acid. The average particle size of the powder prepared from sulfuric acid was 77 nanometers, while that of the powder prepared from nitric acid was 117 nanometers. The difference in particle sizes was attributed to solubility of the initial reagent in the acid. Complete solution of initial reagent in sulfuric acid was the main factor attributed to finer particle size.

DEVELOPMENT OF A NON-CONTINUOUS MICRO-FLOW OPTO-WETTING DROPLET MANIPULATION TECHNOLOGY

2005 ◽  
Vol 17 (06) ◽  
pp. 293-299 ◽  
Author(s):  
MING-YIH LEE ◽  
HUNG-CHIA LIN ◽  
HUNG-WEI CHIANG ◽  
WEI-XUN LEE ◽  
XIAN-DONG HUANG
Keyword(s):  
Surface Tension ◽  
Uv Light ◽  
Liquid Droplet ◽  
Average Particle Size ◽  
Base Material ◽  
Material Surface ◽  
Average Particle ◽  
Hydrophilic Property ◽  
Manipulation System ◽  
Droplet Manipulation

The aim of this study is to develop a non-continuous droplet manipulation technology in contrast to conventional continuous flow micro-fluidic systems. The droplets were manipulated based on the proposed opto-wetting effect. In addition, an experimental ultraviolet (UV) light actuated droplet manipulation system was developed for verifying the opto-wetting droplet manipulation. The proposed opto-wetting effect was achieved by utilizing ultraviolet to activate oxidation-reduction mechanism of nano-TiO2 photo catalyst coated base material. The water-affinity of the base material will changed due to the decreased free-energy of the material surface. Therefore, the contact angle between the liquid droplet and base material will also be changed which facilitates droplet manipulability. The main components of the proposed ultraviolet (UV) light actuated droplet manipulation system include ultraviolet masking device, moving platform and main frame structure. System software and user interface were designed by using Microsoft Visual Basic 6.0 toolkit. Upon completion of the proposed system, experiments were carried out to verify system functionalities. Follow by the controlled variable optimization using Taguchi method and liquid droplet manipulation experiments. The experiment results indicate that by exposure to 6.8mW UV light, the surface tension and hydrophilic property of nano-TiO2 (anatase type, 3.5% concentration, PH 1.5, and with average particle size of 69 nm) coated base material will changed. The change of surface tension and hydrophilic property were critical for droplet manipulation. The moving speed of the liquid droplet was measured as 3.33mm/sec. The results suggest that the opto-wetting system may be effective to overcome the shortcoming of traditional opto-electrowetting technique. The proposed opto-wetting droplet manipulation system could potentially applied for manipulating biomedical or pathological test specimens in the future.

scholarly journals Volatile Organic Compound (VOC) Removal via Photocatalytic Oxidation Using TiO2 Coated Nanofilms

2017 ◽  
Vol 15 (7) ◽  
pp. 491-501
Author(s):  
Sunun KHAMI ◽  
Wipawee KHAMWICHIT ◽  
Ratthapol RANGKUPAN ◽  
Kowit SUWANNAHONG
Keyword(s):  
Bacterial Cellulose ◽  
Photocatalytic Oxidation ◽  
Uv Light ◽  
Average Particle Size ◽  
Average Particle ◽  
Experimental Conditions ◽  
Electrospinning Technique ◽  
Photocatalytic Reactor ◽  
Toluene Concentration ◽  
Spinning Process

In this paper, toluene removal via photocatalytic oxidation using TiO2 dip coated nanofilms is presented. Nanofilms were synthesized from bacterial cellulose using the electrospinning technique. The physical properties of the nanofilms were analyzed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The ratio of bacterial cellulose/nylon used in the spinning process was 0.165:1. The results from SEM showed that the structure of the TiO2 composite nanofilms was rutile crystalline with an average particle size of 20 nm, and synthesized nanofilms had an average size of 20 - 30 nm. The band gap energies of TiO2-dip coated nanofilms ranged from 3.18 - 3.21 eV. SEM results of TiO2 coated nanofilms suggested that the TiO2 was rather uniformly distributed onto the surface of the nanofilms. The actual amount of TiO2 coated on the nanofilms was estimated using thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) for 1x1 cm2 surface area. It was found that 0.1852, 0.2897 and 0.7275 mg of TiO2 were coated on the surface of the nanofilms for 1, 2.5 and 5 % (weight) TiO2 dosage, respectively. The photocatalytic activity of the nanofilms was tested for the removal of gaseous toluene in a photocatalytic reactor. Experimental conditions were set as follows: UV light intensity of approximately 2.7 mW.cm-2, flow rate of 0.2 L.min-1, and an initial toluene concentration of about 200±20 ppm, and a retention time at 200 min. The degradation rate of toluene increased with increasing dosage of TiO2 from 1, 2.5 and 5 %. The nanofilms at a 5 % dosage yielded the highest removal efficiency of 92.71 %, followed by the 2.5 and 1 % dosage, respectively.

scholarly journals Characteristics of Cold and Hot Pressed Iron Aluminum Powder Metallurgical Alloys

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ahmed Nassef ◽  
Waleed El-Garaihy ◽  
Medhat Elhadek
Keyword(s):  
Hot Pressing ◽  
Average Particle Size ◽  
Average Particle ◽  
Particle Sizes ◽  
Wear Properties ◽  
Aluminum Powders ◽  
Iron Powders ◽  
Al Content ◽  
Iron Aluminum ◽  
Radial Strength

Iron powders having average particle sizes of ~40µm are mechanically mixed thoroughly with aluminum powders ranging from 1 to 10 in wt.% with an average particle size of ~10µm. Two different powder metallurgical techniques cold and hot pressing are used to study the effect of the additive element powder on the mechanical properties, wear properties and the microstructure of the iron based alloys. The hot pressing technique was performed at a temperature up to 500°C at 445.6 MPa. The cold pressing technique was performed at 909 MPa in room temperature. By increasing the Al content to 10 wt. % in the base Fe-based matrix, the hardness was decreased from 780 to 690 MPa and the radial strength was decreased from 380 to 202 MPa with reductions of 11.5% and 40%, respectively. Improvement of the wear resistance with the increase addition of the Al powder to the Fe matrix up to 5 times was achieved compared to the alloy without Al addition for different wear parameters namely; wear time and sliding speed.

scholarly journals Photocatalytic Degradation of Rhodamine B and Malachite Green by Cobalt Sulfide Nanoparticles

2022 ◽  
Vol 34 (2) ◽  
pp. 331-341
Author(s):  
Gunjan Chauhan ◽  
Manjeet Sharma
Keyword(s):  
Malachite Green ◽  
Rhodamine B ◽  
Degradation Rate ◽  
Uv Light ◽  
Average Particle Size ◽  
Single Step ◽  
Cobalt Sulfide ◽  
Cds Nanoparticles ◽  
Average Particle ◽  
Cobalt Sulphide

Present study reports the simple and cost effective thermolytic method for the synthesis of cobalt sulphide nanoparticles (CoS NPs). The PXRD spectrum of cobalt sulphide (CdS) nanoparticles exhibited four peaks indexed to (100), (101), (102) and (110) crystal planes. The average particle size observed from DLS and PXRD was in the range 4.81-12.20 nm. A blue shift in band gap was observed from UV-visible spectra. The FESEM and TEM studies revealed that cobalt sulfide nanoparticles are of cubic and rectangle shapes. FTIR spectra of hexadecylamine (HDA) capped CoS NPs exhibited ν(N-H) absorption around 3350-3240 cm–1. The stretching frequency due to ν(Co-S) appeared in the region 334-332 cm–1. Proton NMR (1H) spectra of CoS NPs showed signals at nearly same positions as in case of capping agent, suggesting its capping nature. ESI-MS analyses of cobalt sulphide nanoparticles displayed peak at m/z = 124.93 corresponding to the [CoS2]+ ion. Thermogravimetric curves showed single step decomposition corresponding to 84.28% weight loss and 15.72% as final residue due to cobalt oxide. The degradation rate of rhodamine B and malachite green dyes after irradiating with sunlight showed 92-94% degradation while irradiated with UV-light of 4.8 eV show much slower degradation rate.

scholarly journals Methylene Blue Dye Photocatalytic Degradation over Synthesised Fe3O4/AC/TiO2 Nano-Catalyst: Degradation and Reusability Studies

Nanomaterials ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (12) ◽  
pp. 2360
Author(s):  
Seyedehmaryam Moosavi ◽  
Rita Yi Man Li ◽  
Chin Wei Lai ◽  
Yusliza Yusof ◽  
Sinyee Gan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Methylene Blue ◽  
Uv Light ◽  
Agricultural Waste ◽  
Average Particle Size ◽  
Blue Dye ◽  
Average Particle ◽  
Step Procedure ◽  
Nano Catalyst ◽  
One Step ◽  
The Stability

In this study, activated carbon (AC) from coconut shell, as a widely available agricultural waste, was synthesised in a simple one-step procedure and used to produce a magnetic Fe3O4/AC/TiO2 nano-catalyst for the degradation of methylene blue (MB) dye under UV light. Scanning electron microscopy revealed that TiO2 nanoparticles, with an average particle size of 45 to 62 nm, covered the surface of the AC porous structure without a reunion of its structure, which according to the TGA results enhanced the stability of the photocatalyst at high temperatures. The photocatalytic activities of synthesised AC, commercial TiO2, Fe3O4/AC, and Fe3O4/AC/TiO2 were compared, with Fe3O4/AC/TiO2 (1:2) exhibiting the highest catalytic activity (98%). Furthermore, evaluation of the recovery and reusability of the photocatalysts after treatment revealed that seven treatment cycles were possible without a significant reduction in the removal efficiency.

scholarly journals Influence of electromagnetic effect parameters on ferromagnetic powders fluidity

2018 ◽  
Vol 226 ◽  
pp. 03002
Author(s):  
Ivan N. Egorov ◽  
Nikolay Ya. Egorov
Keyword(s):  
Symmetry Axis ◽  
Average Particle Size ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Barium Hexaferrite ◽  
Strontium Hexaferrite ◽  
Average Particle ◽  
Particle Sizes ◽  
Electromagnetic Effect ◽  
Flow Through ◽  
Particulate Medium

The paper presents result of experimental studies of ferromagnetic powders fluidity management by effecting on particulate medium with constant and alternating gradient magnetic fields. Induction lines of constant magnetic field are perpendicular to symmetry axis of powder hopper. Alternating field is created by electromagnet with one tapering pole and has higher induction gradient values near hopper outlet. These fields form magneto fluidized bed from powder in hopper allowing powders of barium and strontium hexaferrite to flow through the hopper outlet. Dependencies of efflux speed from parameters of electromagnetic fields are presented for barium hexaferrite powder with average particle size 1 μm and strontium hexaferrite powders with average particle sizes 1 and 9 μm.

Determination of Latex Particle Size Distributions by Fractional Creaming with Sodium Alginate

1961 ◽  
Vol 34 (2) ◽  
pp. 433-445 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Schmidt ◽  
P. H. Biddison
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Electron Microscope ◽  
Sodium Alginate ◽  
Mass Distribution ◽  
Average Particle Size ◽  
Average Particle ◽  
Particle Sizes ◽  
Size Distributions ◽  
Particle Size Distributions

Abstract Knowledge of mass distribution of particle sizes in latex is very important to the latex technologist. Therefore, it is desirable to have available a simple method for the determination of mass distribution of particle sizes. This paper presents a method, based on fractional creaming of latex with sodium alginate, which can be used in any laboratory without special equipment. The method is particularly advantageous for analyzing latexes of very wide particle size distributions. When analyzed with an electron microscope, these latexes require counting a very large number of particles. McGavack found that partial creaming of normal hevea latex with ammonium alginate gives concentrates of larger average particle size than the original latex. He found that the average particle size in the cream approaches that of the original latex as the amount of creaming agent is increased. In a previous paper from this laboratory, Schmidt and Kelsey demonstrated that the phenomenon of fractionation according to particle size with increasing amounts of creaming agent is applicable in a wide variety of anionic latex systems and in colloidal silica. Their results indicated also the existence of a quantitative relationship, independent of the nature of the dispersed particles, between the concentration of creaming agent and size of creamed particles. Maron confirmed fractionation with respect to particle size as a consequence of partial creaming with alginate. He showed that the mass average particle sizes of fractions, determined optically, cumulate to that of the original latex. Although the previous paper by Schmidt and Kelsey implied the basic concept of a method of determining particle size distribution by fractional creaming, it was not exploited at that time. In order to adapt the fractional creaming phenomenon to a quantitative method for particle size determination, we required a more precise knowledge of the relation between creaming agent concentration and size of particles creamed. It was proposed to establish this relationship with the aid of the electron microscope. Various factors influencing the creaming of latex, such as polymer concentration, electrolyte, soap content, and variability of the creaming agent, had to be considered in standardizing the creaming procedure.

Control of the Crystal Morphological Characteristic and Size of Nano-PCC via Turbo-Mixing Reactive Precipitation

2015 ◽  
Vol 754-755 ◽  
pp. 770-774
Author(s):  
Mohd Darus Daud ◽  
Aimi Noorliyana Hashim ◽  
Azmi Rahmat ◽  
Mohd Mustafa Al Bakri Abdullah ◽  
Ahmad Hadzrul Iqwan Jalauddin
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscope ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscope ◽  
Rotation Speed ◽  
Average Particle Size ◽  
Average Particle ◽  
Particle Sizes ◽  
Mixing Conditions ◽  
Precipitated Calcium Carbonate ◽  
Novel Technology ◽  
Scanning Electron

An innovative and novel technology method of processing called Turbo-Mixing Reactive Precipitation (TMRP) design proposed as an alternative to this current processing or conventional productions of fine precipitated calcium carbonate (nanoPCC) in turbo-mixing conditions. In this paper, the effect of the stirring rate onto morphology, particle sizes and reaction time of the precipitated CaCO3 particles was discussed. CaCO3 nanoparticles with an average particle size of approximately 15.75 nm were successfully obtained by stirring rotation speed at 900 rpm. The structural analysis was conducted using a Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) and a Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscope (FESEM). The results showed that the increasing of the multiple’s impeller stirring rotation speed is in favor of the formation of the spherical vaterite.

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