scholarly journals Assessment of direct and indirect effects of building developments on the environment

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 109-114
Author(s):  
Elżbieta Hanna Szafranko
Keyword(s):  
Complex Analysis ◽  
Objective Assessment ◽  
Optimal Solution ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Nature Protection ◽  
Building Projects ◽  
Indicator Method ◽  
Considerable Impact ◽  
The One

AbstractAny building construction undertaking is inseparable from the environment in which it will be executed. Among all buildings, the most difficult ones from the point of view of nature protection are those which have been classified as having a considerable impact on the environment. Roads and road infrastructure are a particular case. Construction of roads or railroads and their subsequent long-term use lead to many changes in the environment. When planning such building projects, it is recommended to develop variant solutions in order to choose the one that would be least harmful to the environment, and then to submit them to an objective assessment. To facilitate the selection of an optimal solution, assessment indicators are developed. However, it needs to be remembered that a factor perceived as a negative one in the immediate assessment might generate positive consequences on a broader scale and vice versa. Hence, an assessment of the impacts on the environment caused by building projects should be viewed in the context of indirect (global) and direct (local) effects. This article will present a model analysis of the impacts caused by a fragment of a road, including local and global effects measured by the indicator method. This method has been developed by the author of this article, who believes that it enables the user to make a complex analysis, while the graphic presentation it involves, discussed in the conclusions to this paper, helps to decide easily which factors are decisive in the final assessment of the analysed project.

scholarly journals Gingival Response to Dental Implant: Comparison Study on the Effects of New Nanopored Laser-Treated vs. Traditional Healing Abutments

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (17) ◽  
pp. 6056
Author(s):  
Barbara Ghinassi ◽  
Angela Di Baldassarre ◽  
Gianmaria D’Addazio ◽  
Tonino Traini ◽  
Mauro Andrisani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Soft Tissue ◽  
Surface Topography ◽  
Soft Tissues ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Lower Grade ◽  
Machined Surface ◽  
Tissue Microenvironment ◽  
Second Stage ◽  
The One

The health of peri-implant soft tissues is important for the long-term success rate of dental implants and the surface topography is pivotal in influencing it. Thus, the aim of this study was to evaluate, in human patients, the inflammatory mucosal microenvironment in the tissue surrounding a new, nanoscale, laser-treated healing abutment characterized by engineered nanopores versus a standard machined-surface. Analyses of anti- and pro-inflammatory markers, cytokeratins, desmosomal proteins and scanning electron microscopy were performed in 30 soft-tissue biopsies retrieved during second-stage surgery. The results demonstrate that the soft tissue surrounding the laser-treated surface was characterized by a lower grade of inflammation than the one facing the machined-surface, which, in turn, showed a disrupted epithelium and altered desmosomes. Moreover, higher adhesion of the epithelial cells on the laser-treated surface was detected compared to the machined one. In conclusion, the laser-treated surface topography seems to play an important role not only in cell adhesion, but also on the inflammatory makers’ expression of the soft tissue microenvironment. Thus, from a clinical point of view, the use of this kind of topography may be of crucial importance not only on healing abutments but also on prosthetic ones.

scholarly journals Environmental Dimesion of the COVID-19 Pandemic: New Chance for Green Economy

2021 ◽  
Vol 65 (12) ◽  
pp. 128-140
Author(s):  
T. Rovinskaya
Keyword(s):  
Economic Recession ◽  
State Level ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Green Economy ◽  
Anthropogenic Pressure ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Environmental Programs ◽  
Short And Long Term ◽  
The One

The article investigates the changes in environment that occurred in response to economic processes during the COVID‑19 pandemic (2019–2021), and related transformation of socio-political attitudes towards Green Policy and Green Economy. From the environmentalistic point of view, the pandemic played a twofold role. On the one part, it allowed the nature to “take a break” from an excessive anthropogenic pressure on the atmosphere and hydrosphere, and once again mobilized the humanity to reconsider the principles of interaction with the environment. On the other part, different types of pollution (daily and medical waste, plastic) increased dramatically; funding of international and national environmental programs was cut due to the economic recession worldwide. Nevertheless, the multidimensional crisis caused by the pandemic gave a new chance to the Green Economy. The most influential states of the world (the EU countries, USA, China and Russia) actively implement the Green Economy instruments at the state level. This process incorporates all economy sectors: finances, energy, industry, transport, agriculture and other. The European Union which had taken this path before the pandemic started is in an advanced position. At the same time, the foundations of the future environment-oriented economic policy are already enshrined in official documents (strategies, action plans, legislative acts, etc.) adopted by the leading nations thus far. Noteworthy is that the COVID‑19 crisis has updated the green political and economic agenda globally, regardless of differences between the states, which verifies the importance and necessity of agreeing a conceptually new approach to interaction with the environment in the short and long term.

Effiziente Erfassung der Kronendichte mit Hilfe fotografischer Senkrechtaufnahmen | Efficient data assessment of canopy density with the help of vertical photographic exposures

2005 ◽  
Vol 156 (2) ◽  
pp. 59-64 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas Coch ◽  
René Bertiller ◽  
Beat Trachsler
Keyword(s):  
Objective Assessment ◽  
Visual Assessment ◽  
Ecological Assessment ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Automatic Evaluation ◽  
Nature Protection ◽  
Canopy Density ◽  
Forest Reserves ◽  
Data Assessment ◽  
Efficient Data

From the point of view of silvicultural and nature protection the canopies of forests represent an important characteristic value. However, conventional forestry methods do not allow for a differentiated ecological assessment of the changed situation of radiation following light tending interventions. The method presented here enables the collection of exact and reproducible values on the actual density of the canopy from the ground, which calls for no specialist demands on workers or equipment. The paper describes the technology of vertical exposures for both analogue and digital photographic technology. In addition, we present a specially developed programme,which allows the automatic evaluation of the digital canopy exposures. We give two examples for areas of application of the method (finely structured map of trees along a water course and documentation of forestry intervention for the resumption of traditional middle forest management). The presented methodology enables an objective assessment of measures to manage the conditions of light in forests (e.g., special forest reserves), which is significantly superior to a visual assessment with regard to accuracy and reproducibility.

How digital strategy increases overtourism the case of Barcelona

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephane Bourliataux Lajoinie ◽  
Josep Lluis del Olmo Arriaga ◽  
Frederic Dosquet
Keyword(s):  
Point Of View ◽  
Way Of Life ◽  
Heritage Sites ◽  
Mass Tourism ◽  
Tourist Destinations ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
Total Dependence ◽  
Negative Side Effects ◽  
The One

The term ‘overtourism’ made the headlines in 2017 to denote the antithesis of a fair, well-planned form of tourism. An overtourism destination is a destination perceived as the victim of uncontrolled flows of tourists. Some authors have contributed to analysing the first stages of this perception. Boissevain (1996) published ‘Coping with tourists: European reactions to mass tourism’, in which he analysed how a massive flow of tourists in Malta generated negative side effects and a total dependence on touristic economy. Tyler et al. (1998) offered one of the first analyses of ways to control tourism flow from a sustainable point of view. Bosselman et al. (1999) published a pioneering analysis on the relationships between hosts and tourists. The paper discusses the risks and benefits of growth in tourism and the need for long-term management to avoid overexploitation of tourist destinations. These research projects laid the foundations for reflection on sustainable tourism and were the starting point for studying the risks of overtourism. Fyall and Garrod (1998) discussed the impacts of overtourism on heritage sites. On the one hand, the phenomenon contributes to a short-term economic boost; on the other hand, it impacts negatively on the way of life of local communities.

scholarly journals Gastric Electrical Stimulation for the Treatment of Obesity: From Entrainment to Bezoars—A Functional Review

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martin P. Mintchev
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Stimulation ◽  
Gastric Volume ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Gastric Electrical Stimulation ◽  
Obesity Epidemic ◽  
Surgical Methods ◽  
Treatment Of Obesity ◽  
The One ◽  
Invasive Techniques

Growing worldwide obesity epidemic has prompted the development of two main treatment streams: (a) conservative approaches and (b) invasive techniques. However, only invasive surgical methods have delivered significant and sustainable benefits. Therefore, contemporary research exploration has focused on the development of minimally invasive gastric manipulation methods featuring a safe but reliable and long-term sustainable weight loss effect similar to the one delivered by bariatric surgeries. This antiobesity approach is based on placing external devices in the stomach ranging from electrodes for gastric electrical stimulation to temporary intraluminal bezoars for gastric volume displacement for a predetermined amount of time. The present paper examines the evolution of these techniques from invasively implantable units to completely noninvasive patient-controllable implements, from a functional, rather than from the traditional, parametric point of view. Comparative discussion over the available pilot and clinical studies related to gastric electrical stimulation outlines the promises and the fallacies of this concept as a reliable alternative anti-obesity strategy.

Unilateral Modification of Long Term Contracts: American Change of Terms Clauses and Italian Ius Variandi from a ‘Relational’ Point of View

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 37-53
Author(s):  
Gioia Caldarelli
Keyword(s):  
Point Of View ◽  
The Other ◽  
Unfair Advantage ◽  
Term Contract ◽  
The One

Abstract This article analyses the compromise required between certainty and flexibility in long-term contracts, which would appear to be intrinsically linked to the adoption of adjustment tools. The allocation of rights and risks at the beginning of a contract may include the enforceability of clauses which empowers one party to unilaterally amend the original terms of the contract. On the one hand, a right granted by a change of terms clause, if properly exercised, may allow both parties to obtain the most from a long-term contract. On the other, it is essential to provide limitations so as to avoid the result that this contractual dexterity gives an unfair advantage to one party to the detriment of the weaker party.

scholarly journals Long term investigations of flowers and leaves on mainly non-domestica plums

2005 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Surányi
Keyword(s):  
Shape Index ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Limiting Factors ◽  
Plum Pox Virus ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Stamen Number ◽  
Bitter Almond ◽  
Peduncle Length ◽  
The One

The author dealt with plum species representing different eco-geographic areas by their genetic adaptation and their hybrids, as European (P. domestica, P. italica, P. cerasifera), Asian (P. salicina, P. simonii, P. ussuriensis), American (P. americana, P. besseyi, P. munsoniana, P. tomentosa). The rootstocks of the trees examined were seedlings of C. 679 myrobalan with the exception of Laroda and Santa Rosa II, which were grown on three different stocks: seedlings of C. 174 myrobalan, C. 449 bitter almond and C. 471 sweet almond. The size of peduncle, length of pistil, stamen number per flower, relative stamen number (SN/PL) have been suitable for description and distinction of varieties. Similarly shape of leaves, length of petiole, length and width of blade helped the identification. The ratio of the dimensions of leaves, length of petiole and of leaf blade, also contributed to the distinction of European, Asian and American plum species, notwithstanding their relations with ecological conditions as well as historical, technical properties, pomological features, etc. Computed indicators (relative stamen number and shape-index of leaves) also have been useful data. Significant correlations have been found between colour of nectaries and mean values of variety-groups. The potential values of non-European varieties for purposes of commercial production could be forecasted from the point of view of quality, ecological, pomological as well as market value. It is important, however, to know the effect of the rootstock and growing site as well as their interaction, on the one hand, whereas the resistance or tolerance of the varieties as limiting factors, at least to the sharka (Plum pox) virus, Xanthomonas pruni, on the other hand (cf. Surányi & Erdős, 2004a and 2004b).

scholarly journals The Burden of Hormonal Disorders: A Worldwide Overview With a Particular Look in Italy

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrea Crafa ◽  
Aldo E. Calogero ◽  
Rossella Cannarella ◽  
Laura M. Mongioi’ ◽  
Rosita A. Condorelli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Extensive Review ◽  
Review Of The Literature ◽  
Endocrine Diseases ◽  
The World ◽  
Considerable Impact

Endocrine diseases have a considerable impact on public health from an epidemiological point of view and because they may cause long-term disability, alteration of the quality-of-life of the affected patients, and are the fifth leading cause of death. In this extensive review of the literature, we have evaluated the prevalence of the different disorders of endocrine interest in the world and Italy, highlighting their epidemiological, clinical, and economic impact.

scholarly journals Business and development strategies in China: inferences based on the evolution of SINOPEC

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 70-93
Author(s):  
Rubia Cristina Wegner ◽  
Marcelo Pereira Fernandes
Keyword(s):  
Oil And Gas ◽  
National Development ◽  
Development Strategies ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
The Other ◽  
Business Strategies ◽  
National Economic ◽  
The One ◽  
Oil And Gas Sector

The purpose of this paper is to present Sinopec in the context of the transformationsof property organization in China, especially the constitution of thebusiness sector under long-term national development strategies. A hypothesisis that the growth of a large state-owned enterprise in China is on the one hand,the benefits of state support and on the other, the constraints imposed by suchbenefits on its business strategies of profitability and efficiency. In order to confirmthis hypothesis, we analyze the evolution of the oil and gas sector in China,from the point of view of the formation of its large companies. Next, Sinopecindicators, relate to the company’s financial development and strategies, areanalyzed for the period 1999 to 2016. We sought to highlight the evolution ofthe company’s indicators compared to the national strategies adopted. Resultsshow that Sinopec remains dependent on the national economic developmentstrategies.  

scholarly journals Electrochemical Hydrogenation and Corrosion Behaviour of LaNi5-xGex (x = 0.3 and 0.6) Alloys

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (17) ◽  
pp. 5285
Author(s):  
Krystyna Giza ◽  
Edyta Owczarek
Keyword(s):  
Current Density ◽  
Single Phase ◽  
Corrosion Behaviour ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Hydrogen Energy ◽  
Discharge Current Density ◽  
Germanium Alloy ◽  
The One ◽  
A Charge

The capacitive and kinetic parameters of hydride electrodes obtained on the basis of single-phase LaNi5-xGex alloys (x = 0.3 and 0.6) were related to their corrosive properties. The content of the article is important from the point of view of the improvement of LaNi5 type materials for hydrogen energy storage used as anodes in NiMH batteries. The presence of large amounts of germanium (10% at.) in the alloy results in much less surface degradation compared to the low-germanium alloy (5% at.), which, on the one hand, leads to an improvement in the resistance of the high-germanium LaNi4.4Ge0.6 alloy to long-term cycling, but on the other hand, contributes to lower hydrogen absorption by this material. The maximum discharge capacity of 293 mAh g−1 was obtained for the low-germanium alloy using a charge/discharge current density of 185 mA g−1. The studied electrode also shows a lower tendency to self-discharge and a clearly higher exchange current density.

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