Smaller pelvic size in pregnant adolescents contributes to lower birth weight

2013 ◽  
Vol 25 (2) ◽  
pp. 139-142 ◽  
Author(s):  
João G. Alves ◽  
Lídia C. Siqueira ◽  
Luiza M. Melo ◽  
José N. Figueiroa
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Adolescent Mothers ◽  
Multiple Linear Regression Model ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Adult Women ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Lower Birth Weight ◽  
Risk Pregnancy ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Pelvic Size

Abstract Adolescent pregnancy is associated with low birth weight. This has been explained by socioeconomic or emotional factors. However, an adolescent’s pelvis may not be completely developed and this can contribute to impairing fetal growth. Our aim was to compare the relationship between pelvic size and birth weight among adolescents and adult mothers. A cross-sectional study was carried out at Instituto de Medicina Infantil Professor Fernando Figueira (IMIP), Brazil. We studied 125 healthy adolescents and 207 healthy adult women, all of whom were primiparous with a singleton term and low-risk pregnancy. The conjugate, intercristal and interspinous diameters were assessed by the Collins pelvimeter. The effect of pelvic size on the birth weight was evaluated using principal component analysis and multiple linear regression model. The mean pelvic size was smaller in adolescent mothers compared to adult ones (35.1 cm vs. 37.5 cm; p<0.001; t-test). After adjusting for other confounding variables, the predicted birth weights corresponding to these mean values of pelvic size were: 3020±27 g for adolescent mothers and 3145±26 g for adult mothers and showed a significant difference (p<0.001). We concluded that a pelvis that is less than fully developed in adolescents, as assessed by pelvic size, may contribute to lower birth weight in adolescent mothers.

scholarly journals High-risk pregnancy: effectiveness of personalized pregravid preparation and positive perinatal experience

2021 ◽  
pp. 34-41
Author(s):  
G.S. Manasova ◽  
N.V. Didenkul ◽  
N.V. Kuzmyn
Keyword(s):  
First Trimester ◽  
Evidence Base ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Convincing Evidence ◽  
Controlled Study ◽  
Average Weight ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Planning Stage ◽  
Risk Pregnancy ◽  
Significant Difference

Research objective: to study the possibilities of improving perinatal results by optimizing pergravid preparation in women with high perinatal risk.Materials and methods. The first stage – a cross-sectional study – consisted in determining the vitamin D (VD) status and assessing the course of pregnancy in 459 women in the II and III trimester; the second stage was a randomized controlled study of women with VD deficiency in group IIA (planning stage, 54 women) and IIB (I trimester, 60 women), who received the vitamin and mineral complex (VMC) Pregna-5 with a high calcitriol content and perinatal results were evaluated. VD in the blood was determined by the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.Results. VD level was optimal only in 30.7% of pregnant women (group ІА), in 69.3% of women its insufficiency or deficiency was found (group ІB). The frequency of threatened termination (9.9 vs. 45.6%; p < 0.01), preeclampsia (2.0 vs. 11%; p < 0.05), intrauterine growth retardation (7% only in group IIB, p < 0.01) was significantly higher against the background of BD deficiency. Normalization of the VD level (groups IIA and IIB) after VMC administration was observed within 1–3 months. Pregnancy complications value was higher in the group where the VMC was started in the first trimester: early gestosis (15 vs. 28.57%; p < 0.05), the threat of termination (22.2 vs. 36.7%; p < 0.05), bacterial vaginosis (7.4 vs. 31.7%; p < 0.05), placental dysfunction (18.5 vs. 40.0%; p <0.01), placental pathology in group IIB was detected 2–3 times more often. The differences between the preeclampsia (1.9 vs. 6.7%; p > 0.05) and anemia (16.6 vs. 28.3%; p > 0.05) were insignificant. Analysis of the childbirth results showed a significantly higher frequency of cesarean sections in group IIB (38.3 vs. 22.2%; p < 0.05), the average weight of newborns was less (3299.11 ± 128 g vs. 3643.24 ± 136 g; p < 0.01). The most effective was the VMC start at the stage of pregnancy planning (F = 13.35482; p = 0.000016); a significant difference was revealed in the course of pregnancy in the groups where VMC started in the first, second and third trimesters of pregnancy (Q = 4.67, p = 0.00458).Conclusions. Timely donation of VMC with a high content of cholecalciferol in women with high perinatal risk may lead to a positive course of pregnancy. Further research is required to obtain a convincing evidence base.

scholarly journals Pengaruh Multiple Mikro Nutrien (MMN) Terhadap Berat Badan Bayi Baru Lahir Di Desa Pandes Klaten

2017 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dwi Retna Prihati ◽  
Gita Kostania
Keyword(s):  
Folic Acid ◽  
Birth Weight ◽  
Treatment Group ◽  
Vitamin B12 ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Metabolic System ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Newborn Weight

Abstract: MMN, Newborn Baby Weight. During pregnancy food is required with good quality and quantity to meet the nutritional needs of mother and baby. The low nutritional status of pregnant women during pregnancy can lead to various adverse effects for mothers and infants, such as those born with Low Birth Weight (LBW). LBW babies have a 10 to 20 times greater chance of dying than babies born with enough birth weight. Multiple Micro Nutrient (MMN) contains 15 types of vitamins and minerals most important for pregnant women, including vitamin A, vitamin E, vitamin D, vitamin B1, vitamin B2, niacin, Vitamin B6, vitamin B12, folic acid, vitamin C, Fe , folic acid, Zink, Copper, Selenium, and Iodine. MMN is one of the nutrients to prevent the occurrence of anemia because in MMN there are factors forming Hemoglobin ie Fe, Vitamin B12 and folic acid. The availability of adequate hemoglobin makes the metabolic system work well. Lack of hemoglobin not only affects the health of the mother but also affects the health of the fetus it contains, including the growth of the fetal inhibition (such as weight, body length). The purpose of this study was to prove the effect of MMN on newborn weight in Pandes Klaten village. This type of research is arestrospective study with cross sectional design. The subjects of this study were BBL (newborn) whose mother consumed MMN during pregnancy. Different test sing Independent T-test to compare control group and treatment group. Significant value in this study was p <0.05. The results of this study were no significant difference between birth weight between control group and MMN treatment group (P = 0.879). In conclusion MMN has no significant effect on newborn weight gain.

scholarly journals Evaluation of the clinical-functional vulnerability index in older adults

2019 ◽  
Vol 22 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Arthur Alexandrino ◽  
Ellen Karolaine Lucena da Cruz ◽  
Pedro Yan Dantas de Medeiros ◽  
Caio Bismarck Silva de Oliveira ◽  
Djaine Silva de Araújo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Family Health ◽  
Multiple Linear Regression Model ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Vulnerability Index ◽  
P Value ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Health Strategy ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Family Health Strategy

Abstract Objective: To evaluate the clinical-functional vulnerability index (CFVI) of older adults and its relationship with socioeconomic, behavioral, clinical and therapeutic indicators. Method: A cross-sectional epidemiological study with a quantitative design was performed with 318 randomly drawn older adults registered with the Family Health Strategy. Data were collected through the CFVI-20 questionnaire and analysis was supported by descriptive, bivariate and multivariate statistics, with results with p-value <0.05 considered significant. Results: most older adults (59.1%) were considered frail or potentially frail. Among the groups studied, there was a statistically significant difference in the CFVI for the variables age group (p<0.001), functional literacy (p=0.001), alcohol consumption (p<0.001), physical exercise (p<0.001), self-reported health problems (p<0.001) and medication use (p<0.001), as well as a positive correlation with stress (r=0.135; p=0.016). In the multiple linear regression model, the set of sociodemographic predictor variables explained the frailty of the elderly by 30.4% (R2=0.304). Conclusions: The advancement of age, as a non-controllable variable, indicates a need to encourage the maintenance of functionality in old age, based on the health care strategies that prolong longevity with safety, autonomy and vitality.

scholarly journals The impact of consanguinity on women's attitudes toward molecular testing of breast cancer in Saudi Arabia

2021 ◽  
pp. BMT57
Author(s):  
Bandar A Suliman
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
Sociodemographic Factors ◽  
Molecular Testing ◽  
Adult Women ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Saudi Women ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Impact

Background: Breast cancer is the most common cancer in adult women in Saudi Arabia; however, awareness about molecular testing for breast cancer is insufficient. The authors aimed to assess knowledge and attitudes to determine sociodemographic factors that correlate with perceptions of genetic testing among Saudi women. Materials & methods: This cross-sectional community-based study used a questionnaire to investigate the relationships between various social and economic factors. Results: There was a significant difference in interest in undergoing molecular testing between women in consanguineous and non-consanguineous marriages. Conclusion: The data show that consanguinity adds an extra layer of complexity to other sociodemographic barriers that hinder the efficacy of early breast cancer detection and prevention programs in Saudi Arabia.

scholarly journals Senam aerobik dan konsumsi zat gizi serta pengaruhnya terhadap kadar kolesterol total darah wanita

2011 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 23
Author(s):  
Siti Fatimah ◽  
Apoina Kartini
Keyword(s):  
Total Cholesterol ◽  
Cholesterol Level ◽  
Total Cholesterol Level ◽  
Hdl Cholesterol ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Adult Women ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Nutrient Adequacy ◽  
Significant Difference

Background: Hypercholesterolemia is a condition in which levels of cholesterol in the blood above normal levels (≥ 240 mg/dl). Physical exercises done regularly useful in the regulation of cholesterol, is total cholesterol, LDL cholesterol and triglycerides in the blood decreased, while HDL cholesterol increased. Food has an important role in association with the incident hypercholesterolemia.Objective: The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of aerobic exercise on blood total cholesterol level of adult women in the city of Semarang.Method: This research was explanatory research with cross sectional study. Subject was women aged 20-49 years gymnastic participants, as a comparison group was a housewife who was not doing gymnastics. Twenty three samples for group2 by matching on nutritional status and age and with the sampling purposive sampling. Adequacy levels of carbohydrates, proteins, fats, and also vitamins A and C were obtained through 2x24-hour recall was not a sequence, and processed using NutriSurvey. Results of independent t-test used to determine the effect of cholesterol levels between groups, and chi square test was used to determine association with nutrient adequacy levels of total cholesterol.Results: The results showed no significant difference in mean total cholesterol level between groups of gymnastic participants (201.2 g/dl) with housewife group (208.3 g/dl). Housewife group was belonging to hypercholesterolemia by 52.2%, while in group of exercise participants at 43.5%. Sufficiency level of protein showed a role in the total cholesterol level of adult women.Conclusion: The aerobic gymnastics did not affect total cholesterol. Moderate level of protein adequacy contributes to the total cholesterol level of adult women.

Neonatal Outcome: Is Adolescent Pregnancy a Risk Factor?

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1983 ◽  
Vol 71 (4) ◽  
pp. 489-493
Author(s):  
Barry Zuckerman ◽  
Joel J. Alpert ◽  
Elizabeth Dooling ◽  
Ralph Hingson ◽  
Herbert Kayne ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Low Birth Weight ◽  
Adolescent Mothers ◽  
Social Factors ◽  
Clinical Intervention ◽  
Fetal Outcome ◽  
Social Characteristics ◽  
City Hospital ◽  
Health Differences ◽  
Significant Difference

It has been widely reported that adolescent mothers are more likely to experience poor pregnancy outcome, especially low-birth-weight and/or premature infants. Recent data suggest that this poor outcome may be attributed to confounding health and social characteristics of adolescent mothers. A study of maternal health and neonatal development at Boston City Hospital provided an opportunity to assess whether adolescent mothers deliver infants with poorer outcomes at birth than nonadolescents independent of numerous social and health differences between adolescent and nonadolescent mothers. A total of 275 infants of primiparous adolescents (aged 13 to 18 years) were compared at birth with 423 infants of primiparous nonadolescents. Size at birth, length of gestation, Apgar scores, and birth trauma were examined. The only statistically significant difference between the two groups was that adolescent mothers delivered infants whose mean weight was 94 g less (P &lt; .03) than infants of nonadolescent mothers. Multiple and logistic regression analyses demonstrated that several health and social factors, but not adolescent status, were independently associated with the measures of adverse infant outcome. A subsequent regression analysis demonstrated similarly that being a younger adolescent (16 years and younger) did not independently predict low birth weight at delivery or other measured adverse neonatal outcomes. These data support the view that health and social factors are more important to poor fetal outcome among primiparous mothers than adolescent status. Some of the health factors are amenable to clinical intervention.

scholarly journals Body Composition and Basal Metabolic Rate in Women with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marina de Figueiredo Ferreira ◽  
Filipe Detrano ◽  
Gabriela Morgado de Oliveira Coelho ◽  
Maria Elisa Barros ◽  
Regina Serrão Lanzillotti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Body Composition ◽  
Metabolic Rate ◽  
Basal Metabolic Rate ◽  
Adult Women ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Significant Difference

Objective.The aim of this study was to determine which of the seven selected equations used to predict basal metabolic rate most accurately estimated the measured basal metabolic rate.Methods.Twenty-eight adult women with type 2 diabetes mellitus participated in this cross-sectional study. Anthropometric and biochemical variables were measured as well as body composition (by absorptiometry dual X-ray emission) and basal metabolic rate (by indirect calorimetry); basal metabolic rate was also estimated by prediction equations.Results.There was a significant difference between the measured and the estimated basal metabolic rate determined by the FAO/WHO/UNU(Pvalue<0.021)and Huang et al.(Pvalue≤0.005)equations.Conclusion.The calculations using Owen et al’s. equation were the closest to the measured basal metabolic rate.

scholarly journals COMPARISON OF BREASTFEEDING SELF-EFFICACY BETWEEN ADOLESCENT AND ADULT MOTHERS AT A MATERNITY HOSPITAL IN RIBEIRÃO PRETO, BRAZIL

2017 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Carolina Maria de Sá Guimarães ◽  
Raquel Germano Conde ◽  
Bruna Cremasco de Brito ◽  
Flávia Azevedo Gomes-Sponholz ◽  
Mônica Oliveira Batista Oriá ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Adolescent Mothers ◽  
Health Professionals ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Maternity Hospital ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Significance Level ◽  
Brazilian Version ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Adolescents And Adults ◽  
Breastfeeding Rates

ABSTRACT Objective: to measure and compare the breastfeeding self-efficacy between adolescents and adults mothers in the immediate postpartum. Method: is an observational, cross-sectional and comparative study, developed at a maternity hospital in Ribeirao Preto, Brazil. Data were collected between January and July 2014. The sample consisted of 306 adult mothers and 94 adolescent mothers. The breastfeeding self-efficacy scores were obtained using the Brazilian version of the Breastfeeding Self-Efficacy Scale. Student t-test was used to compare the values of breastfeeding self-efficacy between the groups of participants. We considered a 5% significance level (p=0.05). Results: most adolescents and adults mothers (54%) presented high levels of breastfeeding self-efficacy and there was no statistically significant difference between the scores of the two groups (p=0.3482) . Conclusion: health professionals need to be careful about breastfeeding self-efficacy in order to direct specific actions for each group of mothers (adolescents and adult mothers) to improve the breastfeeding rates.

scholarly journals Incidence and short outcome in multiple pregnancies: a single center cross-sectional study in Iran 2016–2017

2019 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
pp. 28-34
Author(s):  
Behnaz Basiri ◽  
Mohammad Kazem Sabzehei ◽  
Maryam Shokouhi ◽  
Mohammad Mahdi Sabahi
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Gestational Age ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Assisted Reproductive Techniques ◽  
Multiple Births ◽  
Multiple Pregnancies ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Reproductive Techniques

BACKGROUND The incidence of multiple pregnancies in industrialized countries due to the use of assisted reproductive techniques has increased over the past two decades. Multiple births are more dangerous than single pregnancies for mother and baby. This study evaluated the frequency of multiple pregnancies and its neonatal complications.METHODS In this cross-sectional study, we assessed all multiple neonates hospitalized in Fatemieh Hospital of Hamadan, Iran from September 2016 to September 2017 in terms of gender, gestational age, birth weight, the use of assisted reproductive techniques, delivery method, cause of hospitalization, therapeutic intervention, and hospitalization outcome.RESULTS Of 10,581 deliveries during the study period, 351 (3.3%) was multiple pregnancies and 232 neonates hospitalized. The incidence of twin, triplet, and quadruplet birth were 1.7%, 0.39%, and 0.11% respectively. In this study, 178 twin and 54 triplet and quadruplet birth were compared. The mean gestational age and mean birth weight of triplet and quadruplet were lower than that of twin births (p<0.001). A significant difference was found on the frequency of assisted reproductive techniques (p<0.001). Female sex (p=0.007), lower mean gestational age (p=0.009), lower mean birth weight (p=0.017) and need to mechanical ventilation (p<0.001) were significantly associated with early neonatal death in multiple pregnancies.CONCLUSIONS The incidence of multiple births was high in the Hamadan province, which was often followed by infertility treatment. Moreover, multiple births cause prematurity, low birth weight, respiratory distress syndrome, and increased neonatal mortality rate.

scholarly journals The Differences in Knowledge of Balanced Nutrition Between Obese and Non-Obese Women in Rural Area

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 33
Author(s):  
Hildagardis Meliyani Erista Nai ◽  
Maria Amrijati Lubijarsih
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Weight Control ◽  
Nutrition Knowledge ◽  
Adult Women ◽  
Obese Women ◽  
Nutritional Knowledge ◽  
Daily Consumption ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Nutrition Guidelines ◽  
Significant Difference

Obesity including central obesity is a risk factor for several diseases such as cardiovascular disease, type II diabetes, musculoskeletal disorders, and cancer. The underlying cause of obesity and overweight is an energy imbalance between calories consumed and calories expended. Nutritional knowledge is important in determining the food consumed. Balanced Nutrition Guidelines are intended to provide guidance on conceptual daily consumption and healthy living behaviors based on the principles of consumption of various foods, clean living behavior, physical activity, and regular weight control in order to maintain a normal body weight. The objective of this study was to analyze the differences in knowledge of balanced nutrition between obese and non-obese adult women. This type of this research was an observational study with a cross-sectional design. The subjects of this study were adult women aged 20-49 years, amounts 120 people. The sample was taken by simple random sampling. Analysis results showed that there were no significant differences in age, education level, employment status, marital status, number of family members, and physical activity between adult women who were central obese and who were not central obese (p>0.05). There was no significant difference in balanced nutrition knowledge between adult women who were central obese and who were not central obese (p=0.77). The balanced nutrition knowledge of adult women is still in the medium and low category. It is suggested to do more intense socialization regarding Balanced Nutrition Guidelines to the public using easily understood media.

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