Age of pubertal events among school girls in Lagos, Nigeria

2018 ◽  
Vol 31 (3) ◽  
pp. 313-321 ◽  
Author(s):  
Folakemi O. Irewole-Ojo ◽  
Idowu O. Senbanjo ◽  
Abiola O. Oduwole ◽  
Olisamedua F. Njokanma
Keyword(s):  
Social Class ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Pubic Hair ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
Breast Development ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
High Social Class ◽  
School Girls ◽  
Hair Development

AbstractBackground:Globally, there is a secular trend towards the reduced age for sexual maturity and menarche. This study aimed to determine the current age and factors associated with attainment of various stages of puberty in Nigerian girls.Methods:This study was a cross-sectional study involving 800 girls aged 6–15 years. The subjects were selected by stratified random sampling method from schools in Oshodi Local Government Area, Lagos State. They were interviewed and a physical examination was carried out to classify them into the various Tanner stages of breast and pubic hair maturational stages.Results:The median age of girls at first stage of breast maturation (B2), first stage of pubic hair development (PH2) and at menarche were 9.0, 9.0 and 12.0 years, respectively. Breast development was significantly related to normal nutritional status (adjusted odds ratio [AOR] 4.5, p<0.001), overweight (AOR 40.2, p<0.001), obesity (AOR 154.2, p<0.001) and upper social class (AOR 15.7, p<0.031). Pubic hair development was significantly related only to overweight (AOR 4.7, p<0.007) and obesity (AOR 15.7, p<0.001) while achievement of menarche was significantly related to overweight (AOR 0.1, p=0.005), obesity (AOR 0.1, p=0.0009), high social class (AOR 4.7, p<0.001) and being a member of the Hausa tribe (AOR 35.8, p<0.029).Conclusions:There is decline in age of pubertal maturation of girls in Nigeria and the major contributory factors appear to be overweight and obesity. These findings are consistent with the pattern in developed countries.

scholarly journals Prevalence of overweight and obesity among high school girls in Ardabil, Iran

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 486
Author(s):  
Ghasem Fattahzadeh-Ardalani ◽  
Rahim Masoumi ◽  
Firouz Amani ◽  
Anahita Zakeri
Keyword(s):  
High School ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
Related Factors ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Health And Nutrition ◽  
High School Girls ◽  
Important Health ◽  
School Girls

Background: Overweight and obesity and its problems are the most important health and nutrition issues of adolescents in developed countries. This study aimed to determine prevalence of overweight and obesity among high school girls in Ardabil.Methods: As a cross sectional study height, weight, waist circumference and hip circumference were measured. BMI and WHR were used to assess the overweight and obesity. Data analysed by statistical methods in SPSS.19.Results: The mean age of students was 16.6±1.1 years.  0.25 of students were in age 16.  According to BMI, 8.8% of all students have overweight. According to the WHR, 72 (35.1%) had WHR >0.8 which were in unhealthy high risk group.Conclusions: Results showed that the rate of overweight and obesity in high school girls in Ardabil was lower than many studies in country. So, programming for rising their knowledge about obesity related factors and increasing their physical activity and modify feeding behaviour is essential.

Relationship between breastfeeding and obesity in high school girls

2020 ◽  
Vol 33 (8) ◽  
pp. 1003-1008
Author(s):  
Mahnaz Mardani ◽  
Sadegh Rezapour ◽  
Fereshteh Hajipour
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
High School ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
School Type ◽  
Parental Occupation ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
High School Girls ◽  
Multi Stage ◽  
School Girls

AbstractObjectivesSome factors in infancy can play a role in the development of adolescent obesity. Understanding these factors can help prevent early complications in adolescents associated with obesity in adulthood. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of overweight and obesity among high school girls in Khorramabad and its relationship with breastfeeding history.MethodsThis was a cross-sectional study. This study was conducted in 832 high school girls during the academic year 2016–2017. Samples were selected by multi-stage random sampling. General questionnaires, physical activity, and 24-h food questions were completed through interviews with students. Data regarding breastfeeding was obtained by mothers.ResultsThe prevalence of overweight and obesity in the study population was 16.3 and 5.8%, respectively. Overweight and obesity had a significant association with breastfeeding history (p = 0.001), while there was no significant relationship between overweight and obesity with school type, student’s age, parental occupation, education Parents, household size, birth rate, physical activity, and energy intake.ConclusionsThe results of this study showed that breast feeding has a protective effect on overweight and obesity during adolescence. To reduce the incidence of overweight and obesity, necessary education regarding breastfeeding should be provided.

Comparison of Tanner staging of HIV-infected and uninfected girls at the University of Nigeria Teaching Hospital, Ituku/Ozalla, Enugu, Nigeria

2017 ◽  
Vol 30 (7) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ogochukwu N. Iloh ◽  
Kenechukwu K. Iloh ◽  
Agozie C. Ubesie ◽  
Ifeoma J. Emodi ◽  
Anthony N. Ikefuna ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Maturation ◽  
Developmental Stages ◽  
Pubic Hair ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Breast Development ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Tanner Staging ◽  
Perinatal Hiv ◽  
Number Of Factors ◽  
Nigeria Teaching Hospital

AbstractBackground:A number of factors influence sexual maturation in adolescents, including chronic illnesses like HIV. Marshall and Tanner devised a method of classifying the adolescent based on the level of sexual maturation into five stages. This study compared the Tanner staging of HIV-infected and uninfected girls.Methods:This was a cross-sectional study of 100 HIV-infected girls aged 8–18 years and 100 uninfected counterparts matched for age and social class. Using standard photographs as a guide, stages of sexual maturation were determined according to the method proposed by Marshall and Tanner. Data analysis was done with SPSS version 20. p-values <0.05 were regarded as significant.Results:The study participants were aged 8–17 years. Fifty-five subjects compared to 39 controls were still in pre-pubertal breast developmental stages while 45 subjects (45%) compared to 61 controls (61%) have commenced breast development (p=0.024). Similarly, 52 subjects compared to 31 controls were in the pre-pubertal pubic hair developmental stages, while 48 subjects (48%) compared to 69 controls (69%) had commenced pubic hair development (p=0.003).Conclusions:Perinatal HIV infection affected the onset of pubic hair and breast development but did not significantly affect the attainment of sexual maturation.

scholarly journals Prevalence of Overall and Abdominal Obesity among Adolescent High School Girls in Tabriz, Iran

2013 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Maryam Rafraf
Keyword(s):  
High School ◽  
Adolescent Girls ◽  
Abdominal Obesity ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
Community Based Interventions ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Obesity And Overweight ◽  
School Girls

Introduction: Obesity is a growing public health problem in both developed and developing societies. The aim of this cross-sectional study was to estimate the prevalence of overall obesity determined by body mass index (BMI) and abdominal obesity identified by waist circumference(WC) percentiles, waist to hip ratio(WHR) and waist to height ratio (WHtR), in adolescent girls attending high school in Tabriz, Iran. Methods: A sample of 985 girls was selected by stepwise random sampling from five districts of Tabriz. Weight, height, WC and hip circumferences ( HiC) of the subjects were measured and BMI, WHR and WHtR were calculated. Overweight and obesity were defined according to International BMI Cut-Off Points for adolescents. WC >90th percentile, WHR>0.80 and WHtR≥0.50 were categorized as abdominal obesity. Results: The prevalence rates of obesity and overweight were 2.8% and 16.4%, respectively. Abdominal obesity defined by WC percentiles, WHR, and WHtR were seen in 3.2%, 4.0%, and 18.2% of subjects, respectively. WHtR determined the highest prevalence of abdominal obesity in subjects compared to WC and WHR. WC, WHR, and WHtR were significantly related to BMI. Conclusions: Overall obesity and abdominal obesity are substantially prevalent in the studied adolescent girls. Further studies are needed to identify risk factors for the obesity in our studied population. Findings emphasize the importance of establishing community–based interventions in order to prevent the development of adolescent obesity and its complications in adulthood.

scholarly journals Puberty Onset among Boys in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia

2010 ◽  
Vol 4 ◽  
pp. CMPed.S4610 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ibrahim Al Alwan ◽  
Naila Felimban ◽  
Yasmin Altwaijri ◽  
Hani Tamim ◽  
Angham Al Mutair ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
Standard Deviation ◽  
Age Of Onset ◽  
Pubertal Development ◽  
Gonadal Development ◽  
Pubic Hair ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Hair Development

Background The ages of onset of pubertal characteristics are influenced by genetic, geographic, dietary and socioeconomic factors; however, due to lack of country-specific norms, clinicians in Saudi Arabia use Western estimates as standards of reference for local children. Aims The aim of the Riyadh Puberty Study was to provide data on pubertal development to determine the average age of onset of pubertal characteristics among Saudi boys. Methods Cross-sectional study among male school children in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, in 2006, 542 schoolboys, aged 6 to 16 years old, from diverse socioeconomic levels were selected into the sample using a cluster sample design. Tanner stages were ascertained during physical examination by pediatric endocrine consultants, and also trained pediatric residents and fellows. Results The mean age (standard deviation) at Tanner Stages 2, 3, 4, and 5 for pubic hair development of Saudi boys was 11.4 (1.6), 13.3 (1.3), 14.4 (1.0) and 15.1 (0.8) years old, respectively. For gonadal development, the mean age (standard deviation) at stages 2, 3, 4, and 5 were 11.4 (1.5), 13.3 (1.2), 14.3 (1.1) and 15.0 (0.9) years old, respectively. Conclusion The ages of onset of pubertal characteristics, based on gonadal development, among Saudi boys are comparable to those reported in Western populations.

scholarly journals RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN READINESS AND ANXIETY LEVEL IN ELEMENTARY SCHOOL STUDENTS FACING MENARCHE IN PADEMAWU SUB-DISTRICT, PAMEKASAN

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 95
Author(s):  
Mega Widya Puspa Ningrum ◽  
Windhu Purnomo
Keyword(s):  
Elementary School ◽  
Elementary School Students ◽  
Multinomial Logistic Regression ◽  
Pubic Hair ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Statistical Test ◽  
Anxiety Level ◽  
Breast Development ◽  
School Students ◽  
Cross Sectional

The signs of puberty in teenagers are including physical changes such as breast development (thelarche), pubic hair growth (pubarche) and armpits, menarche, and ovulation. Menstruation that occurs for the first time is known as menarche. Teenagers facing menarche require good preparation since anxiety and fear will likely appear. Anxiety that occurs makes teenagers experience selective attention that disrupts their concentration. Preliminary studies that have been conducted by researchers are known to have elementary school students who experience anxiety facing menarche in Pademawu (sub-district) as the subjects. This study aims to analyze the relationship between readiness and anxiety level of elementary school students facing menarche in Pademawu, Pamekasan (district). The quantitative cross-sectional study is a research design chosen by researchers. The number of research samples of 75 students was obtained through cluster random sampling. The clusters used as research samples are in different schools and the same sub-district. Multinomial logistic regression is a statistical test for analyzing data. The results of the study were 49.3 percent of students had sufficient knowledge about menarche. As many as 38.7 percents of students received family support about moderate menarche. Furthermore, 68 percent of students were not ready to face menarche, and 45.3 percent of students experienced moderate anxiety. In the statistical test results obtained a correlation value of 0.001. In this research, it is known that there is a relationship between readiness and anxiety level in dealing with menarche in elementary school students in Pademawu, Pamekasan. Family willingness and support are factors that influence respondents' anxiety in facing menarche. Parents are expected to be active in educating their daughters by providing information and motivation in dealing with menarche.

Breakfast Skipping Is an Independent Predictor of Obesity but not Overweight Among Children in a Southeastern European Population

2016 ◽  
Vol 86 (5-6) ◽  
pp. 242-248 ◽  
Author(s):  
Genc Burazeri ◽  
Jolanda Hyska ◽  
Iris Mone ◽  
Enver Roshi
Keyword(s):  
Task Force ◽  
Demographic Data ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
European Population ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
World Health ◽  
Communist Country ◽  
Western Balkans ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Breakfast Skipping

Abstract.Aim: To assess the association of breakfast skipping with overweight and obesity among children in Albania, a post-communist country in the Western Balkans, which is undergoing a long and difficult political and socioeconomic transition towards a market-oriented economy. Methods: A nationwide cross-sectional study was carried out in Albania in 2013 including a representative sample of 5810 children aged 7.0 – 9.9 years (49.5% girls aged 8.4 ± 0.6 years and 51.5% boys aged 8.5 ± 0.6 years; overall response rate: 97%). Children were measured for height and weight, and body mass index (BMI) calculated. Cut-off BMI values of the World Health Organization (WHO) and the International Obesity Task Force (IOTF) were used to define overweight and obesity in children. Demographic data were also collected. Results: Upon adjustment for age, sex, and place of residence, breakfast skipping was positively related to obesity (WHO criteria: OR = 1.5, 95% CI = 1.3–1.9; IOTF criteria: OR = 1.9, 95% CI = 1.4–2.5), but not overweight (OR = 1.1, 95% CI = 0.9–1.3 and OR = 1.1, 95% CI = 0.9–1.4, respectively). Furthermore, breakfast skipping was associated with a higher BMI (multivariable-adjusted OR = 1.05, 95% CI = 1.02–1.07). Conclusions: Our findings point to a strong and consistent positive relationship between breakfast skipping and obesity, but not overweight, among children in this transitional southeastern European population. Future studies in Albania and other transitional settings should prospectively examine the causal role of breakfast skipping in the development of overweight and obesity.

A study on the Relationship of the weight pattern with the socioeconomic status among adolescents school going children in an Indian Metropolitan City

2017 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 320-323
Author(s):  
Samar Hossain ◽  
Sharma Priyanka ◽  
Talib Hossain ◽  
Surendra Mohan Mathur
Keyword(s):  
Socioeconomic Status ◽  
Socioeconomic Development ◽  
Economic Status ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Socio Economic Status ◽  
Obesity And Overweight ◽  
Prevalence Of Obesity ◽  
Development Levels

Objective: The last two decades have witnessed an increase in health care costs due to obesity and related issues among children and adolescents. Childhood obesity is a global phenomenon affecting all socio-economic groups, irrespective of age, sex or ethnicity. The study was done to find the the prevalence of obesity and overweight and their association with socioeconomic status (SES) and the risk factors. Materials and Methods: School based cross sectional study carried out over a period of 4 months in three schools of East Delhi. The study was carried out in 629 school children of 10–18 years of age and belonging to different socioeconomic statuses in schools in East Delhi. The obesity and overweight were considered using an updated body mass index reference. A pre-tested questionnaire was used to determine the Socio-economic status and life style factors. Results: The prevalence of overweight among children was higher in middle socioeconomic status groups as compared to high socioeconomic class in both boys and girls whereas the prevalence of obesity was higher in high Socio economic status group as compared to middle socioeconomic group. The prevalence of obesity as well as overweight in low SES group was the lowest as compared to other group. Conclusion: The findings of this study suggest that the prevalence of overweight and obesity varies remarkably with different socioeconomic development levels.

Prevalence of Childhood Obesity In Northeastern Ontario: A Cross-sectional Study

2006 ◽  
Vol 67 (3) ◽  
pp. 143-147 ◽  
Author(s):  
Foyez Haque ◽  
Alberto G. de la Rocha ◽  
Betty Ann Horbul ◽  
Patricia Desroches ◽  
Craig Orrell
Keyword(s):  
Childhood Obesity ◽  
Program Planning ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
Obesity Prevalence ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Northern Ontario ◽  
Control And Prevention ◽  
Chi Square Test

Purpose: In Canada, the incidence of childhood obesity has tripled within the past 20 years. The prevalence of obesity in the Timmins, Ontario, student population was studied to gain knowledge for program planning and resource allocation, and to compare Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) criteria with Cole’s international criteria for childhood obesity. Methods: Anthropometric measurements of 801 students were taken. Students were chosen from randomly selected schools for each grade. Data were analyzed according to age, gender, and ethnicity. Data were also compared with other studies. Intragroup comparisons were performed using hypothesis testing for significance with the z table and chi-square test. Results: Overweight and obesity prevalence was 28% according to CDC criteria. No statistical difference was found between genders or among ethnic groups, or between this study and other Canadian studies. In comparison with the CDC criteria, Cole’s international criteria indicated less obesity and increased overweight prevalence. These differences were not statistically significant. Conclusions: The findings suggest that in the northern Ontario community of Timmins, the prevalence of childhood obesity is of epidemic proportions. When the findings are shared with different agencies, this study will help the health unit to take necessary public health measures to curb the epidemic.

Perceptions of Final Year Medical Students about Family Medicine as A Career Choice in Pakistan

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dur-e- Nishat
Keyword(s):  
Medical Students ◽  
Family Medicine ◽  
Medical Profession ◽  
Healthcare Services ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Chi Square Test

Background: Family medicine is a field in which complete and detailed set of healthcare services are provided to the patients and their families. In developed countries, freshly graduated students choose family medicine as a priority for their career. However, in Pakistan it is not the case. The present study is undertaken to determine the perceptions of final year medical students’ about Family Medicine as a viable career. Methods: A total number of 504 students participated in the study. This was a cross-sectional study. The study participants were in their final year of medical college. Data was collected using a preapproved questionnaire. Data was entered and analyzed via SPSS version 17 and Chi-Square test was used post-stratification. Results: Only 14.3% (n=72) medical students had heard about Family Medicine. Only 18% (n=92) would select family medicine as a profession. The most frequent rationale for choosing the field of Family Medicine was the variety of patients seen in general practice (55.4% n=51). Conclusion: There is a dire need to focus on increasing awareness about the field of family medicine among medical students. The students should be counseled on the advantages along with the disadvantages of choosing this field as a medical profession.

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