Effects of Low-level Occupational Exposure to Ammonia on Hematological Parameters and Kidney Function

Background: Many workers, particularly those working in manufacture of fertilizers, explosives, rubber, pesticides, textiles, and employees of petrochemical industries are exposed to ammonia in their workplaces. Toxic responses of hematopoietic system and kidney following occupational exposure to this chemical have not been thoroughly investigated. Objective: To determine the relationship between long-term occupational exposure to low levels of ammonia and hematological parameters and kidney function. Methods: In this cross-sectional study, 119 randomly selected, male petrochemical workers and 131 office employees (comparison group) were examined. Urine and blood samples were taken from all participants for urinalysis, complete blood count (CBC), serum calcium level, and blood urea nitrogen (BUN) and plasma creatinine. Personal, environmental, and peak ammonia exposure were also measured. Results: The median personal, environmental, and peak occupational exposure to ammonia were 0.23, 0.16, and 65.50 mg/m3, respectively, among the exposed group. No significant difference was observed between the exposed and unexposed participants in terms of hematological parameters and urinalysis. Conversely, calcium and BUN, while within the normal range, were significantly higher in the exposed than in the comparison group. Conclusion: Occupational exposure to low atmospheric concentrations of ammonia was associated with subtle, sub-clinical, pre-pathologic changes in kidney function. Possible longterm consequences and ramifications of these effects require further investigation.

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ANALYSIS OF PLATELET COUNT ON FIBROSIS DEGREE IN CHRONIC HEPATITIS B PATIENTS

INDONESIAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL PATHOLOGY AND MEDICAL LABORATORY ◽

10.24293/ijcpml.v24i2.1318 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 24 (2) ◽

pp. 165

Author(s):

Hairul Anwar ◽

Mutmainnah Mutmainnah ◽

Ibrahim Abdul Samad

Keyword(s):

Chronic Hepatitis ◽

Platelet Count ◽

Hepatitis B ◽

Chronic Hepatitis B ◽

Complete Blood Count ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Significant Difference ◽

B Virus ◽

Spearman Correlation Test

Chronic hepatitis B is an infectious liver disease caused by hepatitis B virus that persist for more than 6 months. Fibrosis is a result of fibrogenesis which is the formation of connective tissue (scarring) caused by liver tissue damage. Liver damage will affect the production of thrombopoetin causing disturbances in the balance between destruction and production of platelet resulting in decreased platelet counts. This study was a retrospective cross-sectional study by taking the data from medical records of chronic hepatitis B patients who were tested for complete blood count and fibroScan at the Dr.Wahidin Sudirohusodo Hospital Makassar from January 2014 to July 2016. The result showed a total of 323 chronic B hepatitis patients, 99 with severe fibrosis, 84 with moderate fibrosis and 140 with mild fibrosis. The Spearman correlation test showed a significant correlation between the platelet count and the degree of fibrosis (p <0.001) and showed a positive correlation between both of them with a very strong correlation (r = 0.802). The Kruskal-Wallis test showed a significant difference between platelet count and the degree of fibrosis (p<0.001). The conclusion is that a decreased platelet count is a sign of an increase in the degree of fibrosis in chronic hepatitis B patients. It is suggested to perform another study with larger samples based on the degree of fibrosis.

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Profile of hematological parameters in plasmodium falciparum malaria: A study from West Bengal

10.25259/jhas_4_2021 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 1 ◽

pp. 28-32

Author(s):

Swapan Kumar Sinha ◽

Debes Pal ◽

Malini Garg

Keyword(s):

Falciparum Malaria ◽

Complete Blood Count ◽

Hematological Parameters ◽

Age Groups ◽

Plasmodium Falciparum Malaria ◽

Peripheral Blood Smear ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Plasma Hemoglobin ◽

Clinical Presentations

Objectives: Anemia is one of the main clinical presentations of severe malaria caused by P. falciparum and one of the major morbidities of malaria. This study was undertaken to explore the burden of anemia and hematological derangement in patients with P. falciparum malaria. Material and Methods: A cross sectional study was conducted on 186 patients of all age groups suffering from falciparum malaria. Complete blood count (CBC) with peripheral blood smear, reticulocyte count, liver function test (LFT) and plasma hemoglobin were done in all patients. Direct Coombs test (DCT) and urine for hemoglobin was estimated in 19 patients where hemolytic anemia was suspected. Results: Anemia was seen in majority (78.7%) of the patients; 82.7% of males, 70.6% of females and 87.2% of children had anemia. Thrombocytopenia was seen in 9.1% cases. Unconjugated hyperbilirubinemia was seen in 33.8% patients though plasma hemoglobin was raised in only 1.1% patients. DCT was positive in 3 patients (15.7%) and hemoglobinuria was seen in 2 patients (10.5%). Conclusion: The present study revealed that anemia is one of the common manifestations of falciparum malaria and requires special attention to reduce the burden of this morbidity.

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Gender-Based Assessment of Haematological Parameters of Obese Individuals in Omisanjana Area of Ado Ekiti, Ekiti State, Nigeria

Journal of Pharmaceutical Research International ◽

10.9734/jpri/2021/v33i43a32500 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 376-380

Author(s):

Emmanuel Ifeanyi Obeagu ◽

Precious Omotunde ◽

Getrude Uzoma Obeagu ◽

Richard I. Eze ◽

Ukamaka Edward ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Hematological Parameters ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

The Body ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Physiological Factors ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Gender Based ◽

Student’S T ◽

Level Of Significance ◽

Student’S T Test

Background: Obesity is a serious health problem, it increases heart-related diseases and its prevalence continues to increase due to genetic and lifestyle influences. This study aims to evaluate the hematological parameters of obese individuals based on gender in the Omisanjana region of Ado Ekiti, Ekiti state. Nigeria. Materials and Methods: The research is based on a cross-sectional study of obese and non-obese individuals in hospitals. The study was carried out in the Omisanjana area of Ado Ekiti, Ekiti state. Fifty (50) obese individuals and fifty (50) apparently non-obese individuals were recruited as controls and participated in the study. The data are shown in the table and are expressed as mean ± standard deviation, and are analyzed using the Student's t test of the statistical software package for social sciences (SPSS, version 20.0), and the level of significance is established at p≤ 0.05. Results: The results showed no significant difference in PCV (p=0.3783), WBC (p=0.501), LYM (p=0.149), GRAN (p=0.336), MID (p=0.242), ,RBC (p=0.243), HGB (p=0.086), HCT (p=0.323), MCV (p=0.943), MCH p=0.097), MCHC (p=0.922), PLT (p=0.941), when compared between obese individuals and non-obese individuals based on sex respectively. Conclusion: The study showed no statistically significant changes, and it may be because there are no significant changes in the physiological factors and the growth factors of the precursor cells in the bone marrow, so the body mass index (BMI) has no effect on hematological parameters.

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Evaluation of C-reactive protein and hematological parameters in smokeless tobacco users: A comparative cross-sectional study

Pakistan Journal of Medical Sciences ◽

10.12669/pjms.37.4.3841 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 37 (4) ◽

Author(s):

Sikander Munir Memon ◽

Naresh Kumar ◽

Aneela Atta Ur Rahman ◽

Binafsha Manzoor Syed

Keyword(s):

Smokeless Tobacco ◽

Hematological Parameters ◽

White Blood Cells ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Long Term Effects ◽

C Reactive Protein ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Reactive Protein ◽

Significant Difference

Objective: To investigate the changes in levels of C-reactive protein (CRP) and hematological parameters among smokeless tobacco (SLT) users. Methods: A comparative cross-sectional study was conducted at the community level in the coastal districts of Sindh province namely Badin, Thatta, and Sujawal from January 2017 to December 2019. The CRP and hematological parameters were evaluated by well-established methods among SLT and non-SLT users. Results: There was a statistically significant difference between SLT users (mean CRP = 0.77) versus non-users (mean CRP = 0.18), p = <0.001. Among hematological parameters, white blood cells (SLT users median = 7.85 versus non-SLT users median = 8.50, p = 0.004), monocytes (SLT users median = 6.00 versus non-SLT users median = 6.00, p = 0.001) and erythrocyte sedimentation rate (SLT users median = 15.00 versus non-SLT users median = 10.00, p = 0.006) showed statistically significant difference. Conclusions: Significantly elevated CRP was observed in SLT users similarly hematological parameters also showed changes. WBCs, monocytes and ESR were significantly deranged among SLT users. Further studies looking into long term effects of these changes would be helpful. doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.37.4.3841 How to cite this:Memon SM, Kumar N, Atta-Ur-Rahman A, Syed BM. Evaluation of C-reactive protein and hematological parameters in smokeless tobacco users: A comparative cross-sectional study. Pak J Med Sci. 2021;37(4):---------. doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.37.4.3841 This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

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Some Biochemical and Hematological Parameters among Petrol Station Attendants: A Comparative Study

BioMed Research International ◽

10.1155/2015/418724 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 2015 ◽

pp. 1-6 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

Hala Samir Abou-ElWafa ◽

Ahmed A. Albadry ◽

Abdel-Hady El-Gilany ◽

Fagr B. Bazeed

Keyword(s):

Liver Enzymes ◽

Comparison Group ◽

Hematological Parameters ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Office Workers ◽

Blood Picture ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Petrol Station ◽

Nonsignificant Difference ◽

Kidney Functions

Objective. To describe selected biochemical and hematological parameters (blood picture, liver enzymes, and kidney functions) in petrol station attendants in Mansoura city.Methods. This is a comparative cross-sectional study. The exposed group included 102 petrol station attendants. They were compared to a matched group of healthy 102 male service and office workers at the Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University. The results of blood picture, liver enzymes, and kidney functions were compared between both groups.Results. Mean Red Blood Cells (RBCs) count, hemoglobin level, and Hematocrit (HCT) level were significantly lower in petrol station attendants than the comparison group. All other blood picture parameters showed nonsignificant difference between both groups. Liver enzymes, renal functions, serum albumin, and total protein showed statistically nonsignificant difference between both groups except for alanine aminotransferase (ALT) which was significantly higher in petrol station attendants.Conclusions. Some laboratory parameters among petrol station attendants showed changes that could be attributed to workplace exposure and should be given attention at preemployment and periodic medical examination.

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IMPACT OF COVID-19 ON HEMATOLOGICAL PARAMETERS-A SINGLE CENTRE STUDY, INDIA.

10.36106/ijsr/7200285 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 4-6

Author(s):

Reshma Anegundi ◽

Talari Rajeswari ◽

Arathi C A ◽

Raghavendra M S

Keyword(s):

Complete Blood Count ◽

Hematological Parameters ◽

Demographic Data ◽

Tertiary Care ◽

Systemic Infection ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Care Hospital ◽

Single Centre ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Distribution Width

Aims and Objectives: To analyze various hematological parameters in Covid-19 infected patients. Patients/Materials and Methods: This is a retrospective, single centre cross sectional study conducted in a tertiary care hospital, located in a tri-state region. Data was collected from patients admitted in Covid-19 ward and ICU between 28 July to 7 September 2020, confirmed positive for Covid-19 infection. Basic demographic data was collected from Laboratory Information System(LIS) of our hospital . Whole blood EDTA sample sent from Covid-19 ward and ICU were processed in LH780/DXH 500(Beckman coulter) for complete blood counts. Further patients laboratory features were analyzed . Results: Findings of 338 patients, both from ward and ICU, showed varied hematological parameters. Demographic data revealed age range from 1day to 86 years. Males constituted 205(60.65%) and females 133(39.34%).Complete blood count showed Hemoglobin(Hb) concentration ranged from 5.8 -18.5gm/dL and median value 13.6gm/dL. Red cell distribution width(RDW) ranged from 11.4-39.9% with median value of 13.6%. Leucocytosis was observed in 13.9% of patients, high absolute neutrophil count in 15.6% ,high Neutrophil to Lymphocyte ratio(NLR) in 10.05% patients and eosinophil count ranged from 0-15.3%. Conclusion: Baseline alterations in CBC parameters of 10-15% of patients in the present study along with articles reviewed from various countries indicate Covid -19 infection causes systemic infection involving multiple organs and systems.

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Haematological Changes in Benzene Exposed Workers in Sudan

10.21203/rs.3.rs-63501/v1 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Ahmed Mohammed Elnour Elkhalifa

Keyword(s):

Complete Blood Count ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Exposed Group ◽

Inclusion Criteria ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Exposed Workers ◽

Comparative Group ◽

Haematological Changes ◽

Haematological Change

Abstract Background: Exposure to benzene leads to toxicity and influences bone marrow leads to cancer, anaemia, lymphoma, multiple myeloma, leukaemia, aplastic anaemia, and other types of cancer. The current study aims to report haematological changes in workers exposed to benzene exposure <1 ppm compared with the participants of non-exposed to benzene.Methods: Analytical cross-sectional study design applied at Kosti city, Sudan, during the year 2018. According to inclusion criteria, eighty-seven benzene stations workers chosen randomly to participate as a study group and another eighty-seven apparent healthy non-exposed to benzene, age matched, chosen as a comparative group. Blood samples (2.5ml) collected from all participants in EDTA anticoagulant containers for Complete Blood Cells analysis.Results: The means of the lymphocyte, RBCs count, and MCHC significantly increased in the benzene stations workers compared with the non-exposed group. The lymphocyte mean (44.61±8.41% vs, 29.19±3.98%; P<0.001), RBCs mean (5.30±0.75 ×1012 vs, 4.97±0.59 × 1012; P=0.002), and HCHC mean (32.67±2.12% vs, 31.71±1.37%; P<0.001). The means of PCV, Hb, MCH, MCV, PLTs count, Monocyte counts, and the Neutrophil counts significantly decreased in the exposed group. The PCV mean (43.83±2.47 l/l vs, 44.95±1.15 l/l; P<0.001), Hb mean (13.11±2.28 g/dl vs, 14.33±1.48 g/dl; P<0.001), MCH mean (26.35±2.01pg vs, 29.88±1.98pg; P<0.001), MCV mean (78.69±4.66 fl vs, 85.93±6.73 fl; P<0.001), PLTs mean (240.78±71.37×103/l vs, 262.54±70.77×103/l; P=0.046), Monocyte mean (4.44±2.39%vs. 5.64±1.92%; P=0.001), and Neutrophil mean (36.98±14.93% vs, 47.99±14.54%; P<0.001). The Eosinophil counts and TWBCs count showed no statistically significant difference between the two groups. Conclusion: The exposure to benzene has a significant haematological change in most of the complete blood count parameters among the benzene stations workers.

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A New Hematological Prognostic Index For Covid-19 Severity

10.1101/2021.02.11.21251285 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Abdulmajeed A. Hammadi ◽

Adnan M. Al Jubouri ◽

Ghassan Ahmed ◽

Ali H. Hayyawi ◽

Khalil Kareem ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Lactate Dehydrogenase ◽

Complete Blood Count ◽

Early Stage ◽

Human Life ◽

White Blood Cells ◽

Prognostic Index ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Reference Laboratory ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Significant Difference

AbstractBackgroundsevere acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) or Covid-19 is a nationwide public health emergency with significant impact on human life.ObjectiveTo develop a new simple hematological prognostic index for Covid-19 severity state.Patients and methodsThis observational cross sectional study was conducted on 250 patients with Covid-19 disease. Age, gender, and severity of Covid −19 were recorded. Complete blood count and lactate dehydrogenase were measured.New index: COVID-19 severity-Iraqi-index = CSI index to predict COVID-19 severity.CSI index is monocyte/lymphocyte absolute counts multiplied by LDH (lactate dehydrogenase)/upper normal reference laboratory range of LDH value.ResultsMean age of patients was 50.4 + 15.1 years. Majority of patients were Males 148 (59.2%)..Most of patients were in stage 2 and 3 (> 94%). There was a significant difference between means of White Blood Cells, lymphocytes and Monocytes among the different stages of the disease (P = 0.0001, 0.036, 0.012). There was a significant moderate correlation between the prognostic index and the stage of the disease (r=0.41, p=0.0001).ConclusionsCSI index is a new simple predictor of clinical outcome in patients with covid-19 during early stage of the disease.

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Personal Audio System: Hearing Symptoms, Habits, and Sound Pressure Levels Measured in Real Ear and a Manikin

Journal of Speech Language and Hearing Research ◽

10.1044/2020_jslhr-19-00053 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 63 (6) ◽

pp. 2016-2026

Author(s):

Tamara R. Almeida ◽

Clayton H. Rocha ◽

Camila M. Rabelo ◽

Raquel F. Gomes ◽

Ivone F. Neves-Lobo ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Sound Pressure ◽

Daily Basis ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Normal Hearing ◽

Chi Square ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

The Real ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Sound Pressure Levels ◽

Audio System

Purpose The aims of this study were to characterize hearing symptoms, habits, and sound pressure levels (SPLs) of personal audio system (PAS) used by young adults; estimate the risk of developing hearing loss and assess whether instructions given to users led to behavioral changes; and propose recommendations for PAS users. Method A cross-sectional study was performed in 50 subjects with normal hearing. Procedures included questionnaire and measurement of PAS SPLs (real ear and manikin) through the users' own headphones and devices while they listened to four songs. After 1 year, 30 subjects answered questions about their usage habits. For the statistical analysis, one-way analysis of variance, Tukey's post hoc test, Lin and Spearman coefficients, the chi-square test, and logistic regression were used. Results Most subjects listened to music every day, usually in noisy environments. Sixty percent of the subjects reported hearing symptoms after using a PAS. Substantial variability in the equivalent music listening level (Leq) was noted ( M = 84.7 dBA; min = 65.1 dBA, max = 97.5 dBA). A significant difference was found only in the 4-kHz band when comparing the real-ear and manikin techniques. Based on the Leq, 38% of the individuals exceeded the maximum daily time allowance. Comparison of the subjects according to the maximum allowed daily exposure time revealed a higher number of hearing complaints from people with greater exposure. After 1 year, 43% of the subjects reduced their usage time, and 70% reduced the volume. A volume not exceeding 80% was recommended, and at this volume, the maximum usage time should be 160 min. Conclusions The habit of listening to music at high intensities on a daily basis seems to cause hearing symptoms, even in individuals with normal hearing. The real-ear and manikin techniques produced similar results. Providing instructions on this topic combined with measuring PAS SPLs may be an appropriate strategy for raising the awareness of people who are at risk. Supplemental Material https://doi.org/10.23641/asha.12431435

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Estimation of Trace Elements in Gingival Crevicular Fluid and Serum-Comparative Study in Healthy and Periodontitis

International Journal of Pharmaceutical and Clinical Research ◽

10.25258/ijpcr.v9i5.8599 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 9 (5) ◽

Author(s):

Bhagavathami Meenaksh ◽

Chitraa R. Chandran ◽

Aravindhan Thathchari Ranganathan ◽

Kavindapadi Venkateswaran Rama ◽

Valarmathy Srinivasan

Keyword(s):

Trace Elements ◽

Inductively Coupled Plasma ◽

Gingival Crevicular Fluid ◽

Serum Zinc ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Serum Copper ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Inductively Coupled ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Copper Zinc

Background: This study aims to determine and compare the levels of trace elements copper, zinc, selenium and chromium in GCF and serum of patients with periodontitis and healthy individuals. Methods: This cross sectional study includes 24 study subjects recruited from the patients reporting to the Department of Periodontics , Tagore Dental College Chennai. All the selected patients were subjected to a clinical examination done by a single examiner. The estimation of trace elements Copper, Zinc, Selenium and Chromium in GCF and serum is performed using Perkin Elmer optima 5300 Inductively Coupled Plasma Emission Spectrometer (ICPOES). Results: GCF and serum copper levels showed no significant difference in both periodontitis and healthy groups . Selenium levels tend to be the same in both groups. Serum zinc levels are more in periodontitis patients than healthy subjects (p less than 0.01). GCF chromium levels are found to be more in patients with periodontitis than healthy. Conclusions : More research is therefore needed to monitor the role of these trace elements C with an increased sample size to ascertain whether they are associated with a reduced risk of periodontitis.

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