The Value of Food in Rural China

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ellen Oxfeld
Keyword(s):  
Rural China ◽  
Guangdong Province ◽  
Historical Background ◽  
The Political ◽  
Dietary Regime ◽  
Political Economic ◽  
Anthropology Of Food ◽  
Changing Role ◽  
Organizing Principles

This chapter introduces the setting of the study and the major themes of the study. The setting of the book is a Hakka village, pseudonymously named Moonshadow Pond in northeast Guangdong Province. The chapter provides relevant historical background to the changing role of food in rural China over the last one hundred years, explaining briefly the political economic upheavals which have ultimately lead to a transformed dietary regime. The chapter also introduces the specific context of Moonshadow Pond, and describes its food universe. It surveys the main currents in the anthropology of food that have helped frame this study, and introduces the key organizing principles through which this study investigates the role of food in the community: labor, memory, exchange, morality, and sociality.

Modernism and American Ballet

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrea Harris
Keyword(s):  
Mass Culture ◽  
American Culture ◽  
Modern Dance ◽  
The Political ◽  
Cultural Conditions ◽  
The Arts ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Political Economic

This chapter explores the international and interdisciplinary backdrop of Lincoln Kirstein’s efforts to form an American ballet in the early 1930s. The political, economic, and cultural conditions of the Depression reinvigorated the search for an “American” culture. In this context, new openings for a modernist theory of ballet were created as intellectuals and artists from a wide range of disciplines endeavored to define the role of the arts in protecting against the dangerous effects of mass culture. Chapter 1 sheds new light on well-known critical debates in dance history between Kirstein and John Martin over whether ballet, with its European roots, could truly become “American” in contrast to modern dance. Was American dance going to be conceived in nationalist or transnationalist terms? That was the deeper conflict that underlay the ballet vs. modern dance debates of the early 1930s.

The Role of Politics in the Historical Transport Networks of the Iberian Peninsula and the Pyrenees from Roman Times to the Nineteenth Century

2021 ◽  
Vol 45 (2) ◽  
pp. 233-260
Author(s):  
Pau de Soto ◽  
Cèsar Carreras
Keyword(s):  
Iberian Peninsula ◽  
Social Factors ◽  
Transport Network ◽  
Political Organization ◽  
Transport Systems ◽  
The Political ◽  
Political Systems ◽  
Transport Networks ◽  
Political Economic

AbstractTransport routes are basic elements that are inextricably linked to diverse political, economic, and social factors. Transport networks may be the cause or result of complex historical conjunctions that reflect to some extent a structural conception of the political systems that govern each territory. It is for this reason that analyzing the evolution of the transport routes layout in a wide territory allows us to recognize the role of the political organization and its economic influence in territorial design. In this article, the evolution of the transport network in the Iberian Peninsula has been studied in a broad chronological framework to observe how the different political systems of each period understood and modified the transport systems. Subsequently, a second analysis of the evolution of transport networks in the northeast of the Iberian Peninsula is included in this article. This more detailed and geographically restricted study allows us to visualize in a different way the evolution and impact of changes in transport networks. This article focuses on the calculation of the connectivity to analyze the intermodal transport systems. The use of network science analyses to study historical roads has resulted in a great tool to visualize and understand the connectivity of the territories of each studied period and compare the evolution, changes, and continuities of the transport network.

What Gender is the Consumer?: The Role of Gender Connotations in Defining the Political

1999 ◽  
Vol 33 (1) ◽  
pp. 19-44 ◽  
Author(s):  
KATHLEEN G. DONOHUE
Keyword(s):  
Government Regulation ◽  
Economic Thought ◽  
Civic Identity ◽  
The Political ◽  
Good Society ◽  
Consumer Activism ◽  
Grass Roots ◽  
Political Economic

The 1890s and the 1930s were periods of intense consumer activism during which organized consumers pressured government to regulate business on behalf of the consuming public. In both periods, however, the heightened awareness of the consumer had an impact that extended beyond the realm of grass-roots activism or government regulation. One of the areas profoundly affected by this heightened awareness was political–economic thought. In both periods, political–economic theorists turned their attention to the consumer, debating such issues as whether humans were fundamentally producers or consumers, whether civic identity should be rooted in the consumer or the producer identity, and whether the “good society” was one based on “producerist” or “consumerist” values.

Institutions and Discourses on Childcare for Children Under the Age of Three in a Comparative French-Czech Perspective

2017 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
pp. 120-142 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hana Hašková ◽  
Radka Dudová
Keyword(s):  
Czech Republic ◽  
Expert Knowledge ◽  
The Political ◽  
Formal Care ◽  
Framing Analysis ◽  
Key Factors ◽  
Policy Changes ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
Political Economic

The article compares the development of policies pertaining to care for preschool children in the course of the second half of the 20th century in France and in the Czech Republic. It aims at identifying the key factors that led to the differentiation of the policies and institutions in the two countries, especially with respect to support for extra-familial care and formal care institutions (nurseries). We build on the theories of ‘new’ institutionalisms and we apply framing analysis, which allows us to understand the formation of ideas that precede policy changes. Specifically, we discuss the role of expert discourse and the framings of care for young children in the process of social policy change. We argue that expert knowledge in interaction with the political, economic, and demographic contexts and how it has been presented in public have had a fundamental impact on the formation of childcare policies and institutions in the two countries.

Functional field of phonetic word in the modern Ukrainian

2017 ◽  
pp. 103-111
Author(s):  
Vira Berkovets
Keyword(s):  
Oral Communication ◽  
Cultural Orientation ◽  
The Political ◽  
Language Play ◽  
Political Economic

This study is devoted to the identification and description of areas of functioning of phonetic words (rhythmical structures, accent-rhythmical structures, rhythmical groups, tacts) in modern Ukrainian. The article highlights the features of using of phonetic words as means of language play in the colloquial, artistic, journalistic (media) functional styles. Also there were investigated the figurative and expressive potential of phonetic words in fiction; the derivational specificity of such words in aspects of general language and occasional derivation in different functional styles in modern Ukrainian; the functioning of phonetic words as verbal attractants in the modern Ukrainian advertising text. Special attention was paid to role of phonetic words in the occurrence of possible communicative misunderstandings in oral communication by one language or several languages. Finally, we examined the use of phonetic words in the structure of hashtags and memes of different thematic focuses (in particular with the political, economic, promotional, informational and cultural orientation) in modern Ukrainian Internet discourse.

scholarly journals Understanding the Use of Byzantine Routes in Central Anatolia (ca. 7TH–9TH Centuries)

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
pp. 259-278
Author(s):  
Tülin Kaya
Keyword(s):  
Central Anatolia ◽  
The Political ◽  
Mountain Range ◽  
Building Structures ◽  
Textual Evidence ◽  
Political Equilibrium ◽  
New Frontier ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Changing Role

This paper mainly focuses on the impact of the change in the political equilibrium in the East caused by the effects of the Arab invasions on the main communication routes in Byzantine Central Anatolia. Beginning in the 640s and continuing for over 150 years, these incursions had an impact on the ways in which major routes in and through the new frontier zone were used, reflecting in part the fact that during this period the Taurus mountain range constituted the natural frontier between the Byzantines and the Arabs. The main communication routes in Central Anatolia, which lie on the northwest-southeast axis, were of importance in terms of the changing role of the main urban centres established along them, since Arab attacks were directed at both major and minor urban and fortified centres in Central Anatolia, as the Byzantine and Arab sources mention. Although the main centres such as Ancyra and Dorylaion were affected by the attacks, these and most other major cities continued to exist throughout the period in question. In this regard, the continued existence of such centres determined the ways in which the major routes of communication were used. A study of the changes in the role and functions of the cities in central Anatolia may thus help to understand the use of the main routes, based on the archaeological, i.e. building structures, ceramics, etc., and textual evidence, including that from narrative sources.

scholarly journals Hygiene, Sociality, and Culture in Contemporary Rural China. The Uncanny New Village

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lili Lai
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Production ◽  
Rural China ◽  
The Political ◽  
Rural Welfare ◽  
The Mean ◽  
China Today ◽  
Village Life ◽  
Political Economic ◽  
Contemporary Chinese ◽  
Mean Time

By taking the lived body as local, unstable, diverse, and open to urban and global incorporations, this book highlights contemporary Chinese and global reductions of diverse conditions into generalized objects, especially in the Chinese state's well-intended social welfare effort of "building socialist new villages" which in the mean time shows clearly how judgments come to be disguised as facts (Cf. Pigg 1992). The political economic roots and social determinants of "dirty villages," the strategies of inhabiting "villages with empty centers," and the local and national projects of cultural production all reveal much about class and power in China today. Unlike other close ethnographies of small places in China, this reading of local culture is considered in the context of the national and global practices that maintain a deeply divisive rural-urban divide in everyday hygienic practices. This book argues that substantive ethnographic attention to the specificities of village life in the contemporary Henan context can destabilize China's chronic rural-urban divide and contribute to an effective rural welfare intervention to improve the hygienic conditions of village life at present.

scholarly journals What is the Role of Social Work in China? A Multi-Dimensional Analysis

2014 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 495-506 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jieru Bai
Keyword(s):  
Social Work ◽  
Historical Background ◽  
Chinese Government ◽  
Social Stability ◽  
Social Work Research ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Government ◽  
Political Economic ◽  
Development Perspective

This article analyzes the role of social work in the context of the special political, economic, cultural, and historical background in China. A historical perspective is used to understand the evolution of the Chinese welfare system and explain the timing of reintroducing the social work profession. A pluralistic perspective is adopted to define social work relating to different stakeholders in social welfare and services. The government starts to diminish its role as a direct service provider. The traditional family and community have less capacity to take care of people. Yet, the social work profession is not ready to take over. Finally, a social development perspective is used to illustrate why economic growth is prioritized by the Chinese government and social work as profession is supposed to work to promote social stability and prosperity. Implications for social work research and practice are discussed.

scholarly journals The Party Abroad: A New Modus Operandi for Political Parties

2020 ◽  
Vol 73 (4) ◽  
pp. 839-855
Author(s):  
Ekaterina R Rashkova
Keyword(s):  
Political Parties ◽  
The Political ◽  
Refugee Crisis ◽  
Country Of Birth ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Modus Operandi ◽  
The World ◽  
Changing Role ◽  
Traditional Manner

Abstract In an era where millions of people live elsewhere than their country of birth and many hold multiple nationalities, the questions of who and how represents these people becomes imperative. The traditional manner of representation is through political parties, yet the form in which parties have historically existed is within state bounds. Throughout time, we have witnessed the transition from cadre to cartel parties and through them the changing role of the political party. This article argues that with the vast expansion of the movement of people around the world, which has been influenced by the enlargement of the European Union, by globalisation, migration and most recently by the refugee crisis, political parties are reshaping their structures both domestically and internationally, and we are witnessing the development of a ‘new modus operandi’ of political parties—the party abroad. The party abroad is viewed as a natural evolvement of the functions of domestic political parties in their response to a changing civil society and changing competitive space. The article provides a theory of the party abroad, it discusses how it relates to previous models of political parties and offers a framework based on which we can study it.

A Study of Two Microfinance Models and Their Suitability for Egypt

2019 ◽  
pp. 171-195
Author(s):  
Ahmed Youssry ◽  
Brett Winklehake ◽  
Jaime A. Lobera
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Swot Analysis ◽  
Financial Analysis ◽  
Historical Background ◽  
The Political ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Grameen Bank ◽  
Technological Infrastructure ◽  
The World ◽  
Political Economic

Developing countries around the world strive to implement one of the several current models of microfinance. This study focuses on two models: Grameen Bank, which is considered the change factor for the microfinance field, and Kiva.org, an organization that understood the importance of the Internet and crowdfunding to create a different model of microfinance. The purpose of the study is to analyze these two models and determine which would be more suitable for application in Egypt. This study provides a strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats (SWOT analysis), a financial analysis, and a structural analysis, as well as historical background for both organizations along with a scan for the political, economic, social, and technological infrastructure in Egypt to determine the most suitable microfinance model.

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