Circulating miR-103a-3p and miR-660-5p are associated with bone parameters in patients with controlled acromegaly

Background Biochemical control of GH/IGF-I excess in acromegaly (ACRO) is associated with persistent impairment of trabecular microstructure leading to increased risk of vertebral fractures. Circulating miRNAs modulate the activity of osteoblasts and osteoclasts, and may be potential biomarkers of osteoporosis. Aims Identify differentially expressed miRNAs in the serum of patients with controlled ACRO vs controls and correlate miRNA levels with both biochemical and structural bone parameters. Patients and methods Twenty-seven patients with controlled ACRO (11 males, 16 females; mean age, 48 ± 5 years; BMI, 28 ± 4 kg/m2) and 27 age-, gender- and BMI-matched controls were recruited. Areal BMD at lumbar spine and femur, and trabecular bone score were assessed; volumetric BMD was measured by quantitative computed tomography QCT-Pro (Mindways). Twenty miRNAs, chosen by their putative role in bone, were quantified in serum using real-time qPCR. Results In ACRO patients, miR-103a-3p and miR-191-5p were found overexpressed, whereas miR-660-5p was underexpressed (P < 0.001). miR-103a-3p levels were negatively associated with both trabecular vBMD at trochanter and serum osteoprotegerin concentrations (P < 0.05) and positively with vitamin D concentrations (P < 0.01) and total cross-sectional area of the femoral neck (P < 0.05). miR-660-5p levels were correlated with both trabecular vBMD at trochanter and OPG concentrations (P < 0.05), but were negatively associated with vitamin D levels (P < 0.05). A negative correlation between miR-103-a-3p and miR-660-5p was found in both groups (P < 0.001). Conclusions Circulating miR-103a-3p and miR-660-5p are differentially expressed in controlled ACRO patients and associated with bone structural parameters. miRNAs may be one of the mechanisms involved in the pathogenesis of bone disease and could be used as biomarkers in ACRO patients.

Download Full-text

Changes in vitamin D levels and depressive symptoms in later life in England

Scientific Reports ◽

10.1038/s41598-021-87432-3 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Giorgio Di Gessa ◽

Jane P. Biddulph ◽

Paola Zaninotto ◽

Cesar de Oliveira

Keyword(s):

Vitamin D ◽

Depressive Symptoms ◽

Later Life ◽

Vitamin D Supplementation ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Logistic Regression Models ◽

Representative Study ◽

Increased Risk ◽

Vitamin D Levels

AbstractInadequate vitamin D levels have been associated with increased risk of depression. However, most of these studies are cross-sectional and failed to investigate the effect of changes in vitamin D levels. This study aimed to investigate the longitudinal association of changes in serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels with depressive symptoms in 3365 participants of the English Longitudinal Study of Ageing, a large nationally-representative study of older adults. Based on their vitamin D levels at baseline and follow-up (sufficient ≥ 50 nmol/L; insufficient < 50 nmol/L), participants were classified as follows: with sufficient levels at both waves; with sufficient levels at baseline but not at follow-up; with insufficient levels at baseline but ≥ 50 nmol/L at follow-up; and with levels < 50 nmol/L at each time point. Depressive symptoms were measured using the 8-point CES-D scale. Data were analysed using logistic regression models. Compared with those with sufficient levels of vitamin D at both waves, only those with insufficient levels throughout were more likely to report elevated depressive symptoms (OR = 1.39, 95% CI = 1.00–1.93). Becoming or no longer being vitamin D deficient was, in the short term, not associated with elevated depressive symptoms. Further evidence is required on whether vitamin D supplementation might contribute to the prevention or treatment of depression as well as on the duration of time for changes in vitamin D levels to lead to detectable changes in depressive symptoms.

Download Full-text

A Comparative Study of Serum 25-Hydroxy Vitamin D Levels in Children with Seizures Receiving Monotherapy and Polytherapy

Journal of Child Science ◽

10.1055/s-0041-1740467 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (01) ◽

pp. e331-e337

Author(s):

Nazeem Fathima A. ◽

Radha Kumar ◽

Dev Kumar V. ◽

Devanand Gulab Chaudhary

Keyword(s):

Vitamin D ◽

Vitamin D Deficiency ◽

Tertiary Care ◽

Hospital Setting ◽

P Value ◽

Care Hospital ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Increased Risk ◽

Vitamin D Levels ◽

25 Hydroxy Vitamin D

AbstractThe association between serum 25-hydroxy vitamin D (25(OH)D) antiepileptic drugs (AEDs) and bone health in individuals with epilepsy has been recognized for more than 30 years. Several studies indicate an increased risk for bone loss in patients on antiepileptic medication as well as low levels of serum 25(OH)D. Patients on polytherapy AED are at a higher risk of adverse drug effects compared with those on monotherapy. The present study assessed serum 25(OH)D levels in children receiving AED and compares those children receiving monotherapy versus polytherapy. This is a prospective cross-sectional study conducted in a tertiary care hospital setting on children with seizures receiving AEDs for period of more than 6 months. Participants were enrolled in three groups: 25 children on monotherapy, 25 children on polytherapy, and 25 healthy controls. Serum 25(OH)D level was performed for all children and analyzed. Serum 25(OH)D levels were normal in 52%, insufficient levels in 43.3%, and deficient in 6.7% of children. Vitamin D level was insufficient in 40% of children receiving monotherapy and 52% receiving polytherapy AED. Vitamin D deficiency was present in 4% in monotherapy group and 16% in polytherapy group which was statistically significant (p-value 0.047). Vitamin D deficiency was higher in children receiving AED compared with normal controls. Vitamin D deficiency and insufficiency were higher in children on polytherapy. Our study emphasized the importance of monitoring vitamin D levels in children receiving AED to detect abnormalities in vitamin D levels.

Download Full-text

Adipose tissue, estradiol levels, and bone health in obese men with metabolic syndrome

Acta Endocrinologica ◽

10.1530/eje-14-0792 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 172 (2) ◽

pp. 205-216 ◽

Cited By ~ 22

Author(s):

Marie Juul Ornstrup ◽

Thomas Nordstrøm Kjær ◽

Torben Harsløf ◽

Hans Stødkilde-Jørgensen ◽

David Michael Hougaard ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Metabolic Syndrome ◽

Adipose Tissue ◽

Lumbar Spine ◽

Bone Density ◽

Structural Parameters ◽

Quantitative Computed Tomography ◽

Sexual Hormones ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Increased Risk ◽

The Impact

ObjectiveVisceral adipose tissue (VAT) is associated with an increased risk of metabolic syndrome (MetS). Recent studies have suggested that VAT negatively affects bone. However, MetS has also been associated with higher estradiol (E2) levels, which is bone protective. We therefore investigated the impact of VAT and E2levels on bone density, structural parameters, and strength estimates.DesignA cross-sectional study was conducted in 72 obese men with MetS to investigate the impact of VAT and E2levels on bone.MethodsBone parameters were assessed by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA), quantitative computed tomography (QCT), and high-resolution peripheral QCT (HRpQCT) at lumbar spine, proximal femur, radius, and tibia. VAT volume was measured by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and sexual hormones were measured in blood samples.ResultsMen with high VAT had a lower bone density at the hip (P<0.05), lower cortical thickness, and higher buckling ratio at femoral neck (FN) (P=0.008 andP=0.02), compared with men with low VAT, despite a similar body weight and BMI. Generally, E2levels were low (median 43 pmol/l), and men with E2levels below median had reduced bone density at lumbar spine (P=0.04), and impaired structural parameters at radius and tibia, compared with men with E2levels above median. At the hip, VAT volume and E2levels affected bone density independently and additively, and 50% of men with high VAT and low E2levels had osteopenia with significantly lowerT-score at FN (P=0.004).ConclusionsHigh VAT and low E2negatively affect bone in obese men with MetS. VAT and E2affect bone density at the hip independently and additively, revealing an unexpected high prevalence of osteopenia in middle-aged men with MetS.

Download Full-text

Parathyroid Hormone-Related Changes of Bone Structure

Physiological Research ◽

10.33549/physiolres.934779 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. S3-S11

Author(s):

M. Kužma ◽

P. Jackuliak ◽

Z. Killinger ◽

J. Payer

Keyword(s):

Vitamin D ◽

Parathyroid Hormone ◽

Trabecular Bone ◽

Cortical Bone ◽

Vertebral Fractures ◽

Bone Structure ◽

Trabecular Bone Score ◽

Quantitative Computed Tomography ◽

Indirect Measure ◽

Increased Risk

Parathyroid hormone (PTH) increases the release of serum calcium through osteoclasts, which leads to bone resorption. Primary, PTH stimulates osteoblasts leading to increase RANKL (receptor activator for nuclear factor kappa-B ligand) expression and thus differentiation of osteoclasts. In kidneys, PTH increases calcium and decrease phosphate reabsorption. In kidneys, PTH stimulates 1alpha-hydroxylase to synthesize active vitamin D. Primary hyperparathyroidism (PHPT) is characterized by skeletal or renal complications. Nowadays, the classical form of PHPT is less seen and asymptomatic or subclinical (oligo symptomatic) forms are more frequent. Previously, it was thought that cortical bone is preferably affected by PHPT and that predispose bones to fracture at sites with a higher amount of cortical bone. However, an increased risk of vertebral fractures has been found by most of the studies showing that also trabecular bone is affected. Bone Mass measurement (BMD) at all skeletal sites is advised, but another specific tool for fracture assessment is needed. Trabecular bone score (TBS), an indirect measure of trabecular bone, maybe a useful method to estimate fracture risk. TBS is associated with vertebral fractures in PHPT regardless of BMD, age, BMI and gender. Furthermore, there is an association between TBS and high resolution peripheral quantitative computed tomography (HR-pQCT) parameters in the trabecular and cortical compartment. However, studies considering the effect of PHPT treatment on TBS are more conflicting. Secondary hyperparathyroidism caused by vitamin D deficiency was associated with impaired bone microarchitecture in all age categories, as measured by TBS and Hr-pQCT with further improvement after treatment with vitamin D.

Download Full-text

Abstract MP05: Mid-Life Vitamin D Levels are Not Associated with Cognition and Dementia Risk in Whites and Blacks: the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities (ARIC) Study

Circulation ◽

10.1161/circ.129.suppl_1.mp05 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 129 (suppl_1) ◽

Author(s):

Andrea L Schneider ◽

Pamela L Lutsey ◽

Alvaro Alonso ◽

Rebecca F Gottesman ◽

A R Sharrett ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Vitamin D ◽

Test Scores ◽

Proportional Hazards ◽

Cox Proportional Hazards ◽

Word Recall ◽

Cognitive Test ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Dementia Risk ◽

Increased Risk ◽

Vitamin D Levels

Introduction: Recent studies, mainly performed in elderly whites, suggest that vitamin D, measured by 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D], is important for cognition. Less is known about the association of 25(OH)D measured in mid-life with cognition and dementia risk in whites and blacks. Hypothesis: We hypothesized that lower concentrations of 25(OH)D would be associated cross-sectionally with lower cognitive test scores and prospectively with greater decline in cognitive test scores and with increased risk of dementia. Methods: We conducted cross-sectional (1993-1995), change (1993-1995 to 2004-2006), and prospective (follow-up through 2010) analyses of 1,652 participants in the ARIC Brain Ancillary Study with measured 25(OH)D (1993-1995). 25(OH)D was analyzed in race-specific tertiles and continuously. Cognition was measured by 3 tests: Delayed Word Recall (DWR), Digit Symbol Substitution (DSS), and Word Fluency (WF). Dementia was defined by hospitalization ICD-9 codes. Adjusted race-stratified linear regression and Cox proportional hazards models were used. Results: Mean age of participants was 62 years, 60% were female, and 48% were black. Mean 25(OH)D was higher in whites than blacks (25.5 versus 17.3 ng/ml, p<0.05). Over a median of 16.6 years, there were 145 incident hospitalized dementia cases. In prospective analyses, lower levels of 25(OH)D trended towards an association with increased dementia risk in whites and in blacks, but these results were not statistically significant (lowest versus highest tertile: whites, HR: 1.32 [95% CI: 0.69, 2.55]; blacks, HR: 1.53 [95% CI: 0.84, 2.79]) (Figure). Conclusion: In contrast to prior studies performed in elderly populations, our study did not find significant associations between lower levels of 25(OH)D in mid-life with lower cognitive test scores at baseline, change in score over time, or increased dementia risk.

Download Full-text

Clinical factors correlated with vitamin D deficiency in patients with obesity scheduled for bariatric surgery: A single center experience

International Journal for Vitamin and Nutrition Research ◽

10.1024/0300-9831/a000662 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 90 (3-4) ◽

pp. 346-352

Author(s):

Vincenzo Pilone ◽

Salvatore Tramontano ◽

Carmen Cutolo ◽

Federica Marchese ◽

Antonio Maria Pagano ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Bariatric Surgery ◽

Vitamin D ◽

Vitamin D Deficiency ◽

Serum Vitamin ◽

Inverse Correlation ◽

Model Assessment ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Serum Vitamin D ◽

Female Sex ◽

Vitamin D Levels

Abstract. We aim to assess the prevalence of vitamin D deficiency (VDD) in patients scheduled for bariatric surgery (BS), and to identify factors that might be associated with VDD. We conducted a cross-sectional observational study involving all consecutive patients scheduled for BS from 2017 to 2019. The exclusion criteria were missing data for vitamin D levels, intake of vitamin D supplements in the 3 months prior to serum vitamin D determination, and renal insufficiency. A total of 206 patients (mean age and body mass index [BMI] of 34.9 ± 10.7 years, and 44.3 ± 6.99 kg/m2, respectively) met the inclusion criteria and were enrolled for data analysis. VDD (<19.9 ng/mL), severe VDD (<10 ng/mL), and vitamin D insufficiency (20–29.9 ng/mL) were present in 68.8 %, 12.5 %, and 31.2 % of patients, respectively. A significant inverse correlation was found between vitamin D levels and initial BMI, parathyroid hormone, and homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance (r = −0.280, p < 0.05; r = −0.407, p = 0.038; r = −0.445, p = 0.005), respectively. VDD was significantly more prevalent in patients with higher BMI [−0.413 ± 0.12, CI95 % (−0.659; −0.167), p = 0.006], whereas no significant association between hypertension [−1.005 ± 1.65, CI95 % (−4.338; 2.326), p = 0.001], and diabetes type 2 (T2D) [−0.44 ± 2.20, CI95 % (−4.876; 3.986), p = 0.841] was found. We observed significant association between female sex and levels of vitamin D [6.69 ± 2.31, CI95 % (2.06; 11.33), p = 0.006]. The present study shows that in patients scheduled for BS, VDD deficiency is common and was associated with higher BMI, and female sex.

Download Full-text

Association of Vitamin D Status With Liver and Kidney Disease: A Systematic Review of Clinical Trials, and Cross-Sectional and Cohort Studies

International Journal for Vitamin and Nutrition Research ◽

10.1024/0300-9831/a000540 ◽

2019 ◽

pp. 1-13 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Seyed Mostafa Parizadeh ◽

Majid Rezayi ◽

Reza Jafarzadeh-Esfehani ◽

Amir Avan ◽

Hamideh Ghazizadeh ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Vitamin D ◽

Kidney Disease ◽

Renal Disease ◽

Cohort Studies ◽

Cochrane Library ◽

Major Public Health Problem ◽

Vitamin D Status ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Beneficial Effects ◽

Vitamin D Levels

Abstract. Background: Vitamin D deficiency (VDD) is a major public health problem. There are few comprehensive systematic reviews about the relationship between Vitamin D status and liver and renal disease in Iran. Methods: We systemically searched the following databases: Web of Science; PubMed; Cochrane Library; Scopus; Science Direct; Google Scholar and two Iranian databases (Scientific Information Database (SID) and IranMedex) up until November 2017 to identify all randomized control trials (RCTs), case control, cross-sectional and cohort studies investigating the association between vitamin D and any form of liver or kidney disease. Results: Vitamin D insufficiency, or deficiency (VDD), is highly prevalent in Iran, reports varying between 44.4% in Isfahan to 98% in Gorgan. There is also a high prevalence of VDD among patients with liver or kidney disease, and the administration of vitamin D supplements may have beneficial effects on lipid profile, blood glucose, liver function and fatty liver disease, and bone health. Low serum vitamin D levels are related with abnormalities in these laboratory and clinical parameters. Conclusion: VDD is prevalent in patients with chronic liver or renal disease in Iran. There appear to be several beneficial effects of vitamin D supplementation in vitamin D deficient patients with liver or kidney disease.

Download Full-text

Vitamin D Levels, APOE Allele, and MRI Volumetry Assessed by NeuroQuant in Norwegian Adults with Cognitive Symptoms

Journal of Alzheimer s Disease ◽

10.3233/jad-201018 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 79 (1) ◽

pp. 311-321

Author(s):

Jelena Zugic Soares ◽

Renate Pettersen ◽

Jūratė Šaltytė Benth ◽

Karin Persson ◽

Carsten Strobel ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Vitamin D ◽

Late Onset ◽

Apoe Genotype ◽

Serum Levels ◽

Grey Matter Volume ◽

Cognitive Symptoms ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Brain Volumes ◽

Vitamin D Levels ◽

Mri Volumetry

Background: Allele ɛ4 of the apolipoprotein (APOE ∈4) gene is the strongest known genetic risk factor for late-onset sporadic Alzheimer’s disease. A possible relationship between vitamin D and APOE is not yet clear. Objective: In this exploratory, cross-sectional study, we examined the association between serum levels of 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] and brain volumes and the associations of both serum levels of 25(OH)D and APOE polymorphism to brain volumes in 127 persons (mean age 66 years) with cognitive symptoms. Methods: All subjects were examined with fully automated software for MRI volumetry, NeuroQuant. Results: After adjustment for relevant covariates, higher serum 25(OH)D levels were associated with greater volumes of cortical gray matter on both left (p = 0.02) and right (p = 0.04) sides. When both 25(OH)D levels and APOE genotype were used as the main covariates, no significant associations were found between vitamin D level and brain volume in any of the 11 brain regions. In adjusted models, only homozygous but not heterozygous APOE ∈4 allele carriers had significantly larger inferior lateral ventricles (p = 0.003) and smaller hippocampal volume (p = 0.035) than those without ɛ4. Homozygous APOE ∈4 carriers also had significantly higher vitamin D levels (p = 0.009) compared to persons without the APOE ∈4 allele. Conclusion: Higher vitamin D levels might have a preserving effect on cortical grey matter volume.

Download Full-text

High prevalence of peripheral neuropathy in multiple myeloma patients and the impact of vitamin D levels, a cross-sectional study

Supportive Care in Cancer ◽

10.1007/s00520-021-06414-3 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

B. E. Oortgiesen ◽

J. A. Kroes ◽

P. Scholtens ◽

J. Hoogland ◽

P. Dannenberg - de Keijzer ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Multiple Myeloma ◽

Vitamin D ◽

Peripheral Neuropathy ◽

Hypovitaminosis D ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Clinical Trial Registration ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Validated Questionnaire ◽

Vitamin D Levels ◽

The Impact

Abstract Purpose Peripheral neuropathy (PN) is common in patients with multiple myeloma (MM). We hypothesized that the relationship between hypovitaminosis D and PN described in diabetes mellitus patients may also be present in MM patients. Methods To study this potential association, we assessed the incidence of hypovitaminosis D (vitamin D < 75 nmol/L [= 30 ng/mL]) in smouldering and active MM patients in two Dutch hospitals. Furthermore, a validated questionnaire was used to distinguish different PN grades. Results Of the 120 patients included between January 2017 and August 2018, 84% had an inadequate vitamin D level (median vitamin D level 49.5 nmol/L [IQR 34–65 nmol/L]; mean age: 68 years [SD ± 7.7]; males: 58%). PN was reported by 69% of patients (n = 83); however, of these 83 patients, PN was not documented in the medical records of 52%. An association was found between lower vitamin D levels and higher incidence of PN in the total population (P = 0.035), and in the active MM patients (P = 0.016). Conclusion This multi-centre cohort study showed that PN and hypovitaminosis D are common in MM patients, and addressing low vitamin D levels in the treatment of MM patients might be beneficial in reducing the risk of PN. More attention for PN is warranted, as PN is underreported by clinicians. Further research is needed to fully understand the implications of vitamin D in the development of PN in patients with MM. Clinical trial registration Netherland Trial Register NL5835, date of registration July 28, 2016

Download Full-text