scholarly journals Non-conventional Covid treatment methods 19

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 78-82
Author(s):  
Adam Adamski
Keyword(s):  
Integrated Circuit ◽  
Electronic Device ◽  
Chemical Compounds ◽  
Living Organism ◽  
Structural Elements ◽  
Biological Structure ◽  
Quantum Processes ◽  
Bioelectronic Device ◽  
Integrated Device ◽  
Chemical Formulas

In bioelectronic terms, the organism is understood as an integrated circuit of biological piezo, pyroelectrics, ferromagnets and semiconductors, filled with bioplasm and managed electronically by quantum processes. The presence of semiconductors in a biological system is synonymous with the presence of an electronic integrated device, therefore a living organism can be seen as a complex electronic device, analogous to technical devices. Proteins, DNA, RNA, melanin from the biology side, it is a biological structure, from the biochemistry side, they are chemical compounds with different chemical formulas, again from the bioelectronics side it is an electronic material that can serve as structural elements in a bioelectronic device which is an organism. Enzyme transistors were constructed in technical devices from these materials.1

Propeptides as modulators of functional activity of proteases

2010 ◽  
Vol 1 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 305-322 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ilya V. Demidyuk ◽  
Andrey V. Shubin ◽  
Eugene V. Gasanov ◽  
Sergey V. Kostrov
Keyword(s):  
Mechanism Of Action ◽  
Functional Activity ◽  
Protein Function ◽  
Living Organism ◽  
Biological Properties ◽  
Biological Mechanism ◽  
Structural Elements ◽  
Specific Mechanism ◽  
Catalytic Domains ◽  
Cognate Protein

AbstractMost proteases are synthesized in the cell as precursor-containing propeptides. These structural elements can determine the folding of the cognate protein, function as an inhibitor/activator peptide, mediate enzyme sorting, and mediate the protease interaction with other molecules and supramolecular structures. The data presented in this review demonstrate modulatory activity of propeptides irrespective of the specific mechanism of action. Changes in propeptide structure, sometimes minor, can crucially alter protein function in the living organism. Modulatory activity coupled with high variation allows us to consider propeptides as specific evolutionary modules that can transform biological properties of proteases without significant changes in the highly conserved catalytic domains. As the considered properties of propeptides are not unique to proteases, propeptide-mediated evolution seems to be a universal biological mechanism.

The Engineering of Silicon Wafer Material Properties Through Vacancy Concentration Profile Control and the Achievement of Ideal Oxygen Precipitation Behavior

1998 ◽  
Vol 510 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Falster ◽  
D. Gambaro ◽  
M. Olmo ◽  
M. Cornara ◽  
H. Korb
Keyword(s):  
Silicon Wafer ◽  
Integrated Circuit ◽  
Defect Formation ◽  
Electronic Device ◽  
Vacancy Concentration ◽  
Silicon Wafers ◽  
Precipitation Behavior ◽  
Oxygen Precipitation ◽  
Profile Control ◽  
Zone Depth

AbstractA new kind of silicon wafer and a new class of materials engineering techniques for silicon wafers is described. This wafer, called the “Magic Denuded Zone” or MDZ wafer, is produced through the manipulation of the vacancy concentration and, in particular, vacancy concentration depth profiles in the wafer prior to the development of oxygen precipitates in subsequent heat treatments. The result is a wafer with ideal oxygen precipitation behavior for use in all types of integrated circuit applications. The methods used to prepare such wafers combine Frenkel pair generation with injection and the use of surface sinks. Simulations of the vacancy profiles produced by these techniques are presented and discussed. It is shown that within the range of vacancy concentration accessible by these techniques (up to ca. 1013 cm−3) the rate and oxygen concentration dependence of oxygen clustering can be substantially modified. Such techniques can be used to precisely engineer unique and desirable oxygen-related defect performance in silicon wafers both in terms of distribution and rate of defect formation. One result of the application of such techniques is an ideally precipitating silicon wafer in which the resulting oxygen precipitate profile (denuded zone depth and bulk density of precipitates) is independent of the concentration of oxygen of the wafer, the details of the crystal growth process used to prepare the wafer and, to a very large extent, the details of thermal cycles used to process the wafer into an electronic device. Optimal, generic and reliable internal gettering performance is achieved in such a wafer

scholarly journals DIAGNOSTIC METHOD OF MILKING SYSTEMS USING DIGITAL TECHNOLOGIES

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (24) ◽  
pp. 20-28
Author(s):  
V.F. Vtoryi ◽  
◽  
S.V. Vtoryi ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Production Efficiency ◽  
Electronic Device ◽  
Dairy Farm ◽  
Digital Technologies ◽  
Living Organism ◽  
Practical Significance ◽  
Scientific Publications ◽  
Vacuum Stability ◽  
Lower Productivity ◽  
Technical Status

Milking is one of the essential technological processes when the direct contact of the cow living organism with the machine takes place. Failure to comply with the requirements of favourable interaction between these two different systems leads to cow diseases, lower productivity and milk quality, and, consequently, poorer production efficiency. The purpose of the study was to develop a method for the diagnostics of milking systems using digital technologies, which would allow the real-time detecting of operational disturbances of milking machines, their units and blocks. The study object was machine milking cows and the effective functioning of equipment. The methodological basis of the study was the methods of systemic and structural analysis. The study methodology included the survey of scientific publications, best practices, promising technologies and equipment based on digital systems for parameter monitoring and milking controlling. A method was developed for monitoring the technical status of the milking process using the vacuum stability coefficient K. Investigations were carried out on an operating dairy farm for 200 cows using a two-channel portable electronic device for recording the milking process parameters. They showed that the vacuum stability coefficients for the milking unit lines were Kl = 0.985–0.989 with an acceptable Kl min = 0.962–0.963. For individual points of the vacuum lines and milk lines of the milking unit, the coefficients were Kt = 0.991–0.961 with Kt min = 0.978–0.977. The results obtained indicated that the vacuum gauge pressure in the vacuum and milk lines was relatively stable within the standard value range. At the same time, there was the instability of vacuum pressure at individual points in the pipelines of the milking unit. Special attention must be paid to these areas during maintenance. Testing of the method proved its practical significance.

An Overview of Integrated Circuit Device Encapsulants

1989 ◽  
Vol 111 (2) ◽  
pp. 97-107 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. P. Wong
Keyword(s):  
Integrated Circuit ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Electronic Device ◽  
Rapid Development ◽  
Polymer Materials ◽  
Organic Polymer ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Steady Increase ◽  
Chip Size ◽  
Scale Integration

The rapid development of integrated circuit technology from small-scale integration (SSI) to very large scale integration (VLSI) has had great technological and economical impact on the electronics industry. The exponential growth of the number of components per IC chip, the exponential decrease of device dimensions, and the steady increase in IC chip size have imposed stringent requirements, not only on the IC physical design and fabrication, but also on IC encapsulants. This report addresses the purpose of encapsulation, encapsulation techniques, and a general overview of the application of inorganic and organic polymer materials as electronic device encapsulants.

Thermo-Viscoelastic Analysis of Deflection in CSP Electronic Device Packages

2003 ◽  
Vol 125 (3) ◽  
pp. 414-419 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hideo Koguchi ◽  
Chie Sasaki ◽  
Kazuto Nishida
Keyword(s):  
Integrated Circuit ◽  
Electronic Device ◽  
Plate Theory ◽  
Bonding Temperature ◽  
Temperature History ◽  
Viscoelastic Analysis ◽  
Chip Scale Package ◽  
Multilayered Plates ◽  
Bonding Technology ◽  
Method Analysis

In the present paper, a deformation induced in a new bonding technology of chip-scale package (CSP) using resin encapsulation sheets is examined numerically and experimentally. Deflections after cooling from a bonding temperature are measured experimentally for various kinds of substrate and the thickness of an integrated circuit using a laser beam. In particular, a simple theory on the basis of a multilayered plate theory considering a viscoelastic property in the substrate is presented, and the thermo-viscoelastic analysis for the deflection of CSP is performed. Furthermore, the thermo-elastoplastic finite element method analysis is performed under the same temperature history. We could show that the simple formula for multilayered plates based on the thermo-viscoelatic theory can estimate fairly well the deflection of CSP in experiment.

scholarly journals Energy Management Integrated Circuit for Multi-Source Energy Harvesters in WBAN Applications

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (8) ◽  
pp. 1262 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sung-Eun Kim ◽  
Taewook Kang ◽  
Kwang-Il Oh ◽  
Mi Park ◽  
Hyung-Il Park ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Management ◽  
Integrated Circuit ◽  
Electronic Device ◽  
Wireless Body Area Network ◽  
Oxide Semiconductor ◽  
Operating Efficiency ◽  
Area Network ◽  
Energy Harvesters ◽  
Wearable Electronic Device ◽  
Wide Range

This paper presents an energy management integrated circuit for multiple energy harvesters in wireless body area network applications. The electrical power acquired from a single energy harvester around a human body is limited to micro watts, which is insufficient to drive a wearable electronic device. To increase this small amount, the energy from a number of harvesters has to be combined. By combining the energy from multiple distributed harvesters, each one producing negligible energy, significant energy for wearable devices can be obtained. In designing an energy management circuit for a wearable device, there are two issues to be resolved. The first is related to the power consumption of the circuit, and the second issue is related to the methods needed to manage the wide range of power that occurs as the energy input changes during harvesting. In this paper, an energy management circuit that resolves the two issues above is described. The circuit was integrated using 0.13 µm Taiwan Semiconductor Manufacturing Company complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor technology. The energy management circuit is designed to combine up to three sources of harvested energy with more than 90% operating efficiency over the entire power range of the energy harvested.

scholarly journals Molecular weight calculator for organic compounds in biotechnology

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wenfa Ng
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Molecular Weight ◽  
Organic Compounds ◽  
Chemical Elements ◽  
Chemical Compounds ◽  
Mass Spectrometric ◽  
Weight Calculation ◽  
Nitrogen Phosphorus ◽  
Chemical Formulas ◽  
Charge Calculations

Automated calculation of molecular weight of chemical compounds would provide savings in time and effort, especially in handling large number of compounds common in chemical or biotechnology workflow. In this work, a molecular weight calculator was developed using MATLAB and is capable of handling the chemical elements: carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, phosphorus, and sulphur that constitute organic compounds common in biotechnology. Such compounds would typically come across as either substrates or products of fermentation, where automated calculation of molecular weight would feed into mass/charge calculations that facilitate workflow involving their mass spectrometric detection. Specifically, chemical formulas of molecular ion are necessary information for identifying particular mass peaks in mass spectrometry, to which automated molecular weight calculation would greatly simplify peak identification. Thus, the molecular weight calculator developed in this work could be used as a subroutine for more complex software that provides identification of mass peaks in mass spectrometry workflow detecting organic compounds in fermentation.

scholarly journals Shielding Device for Microwave Electronic Components of a Multilayer Board for the AFAR Transceiver Module for Space Purposes

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 82-87
Author(s):  
V. E. Poymalin ◽  
◽  
A. V. Buyankin ◽  
A. A. Nelin ◽  
L. E. Ragulina ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Integrated Circuits ◽  
Integrated Circuit ◽  
Electromagnetic Interference ◽  
Dielectric Material ◽  
Structural Elements ◽  
Space Technology ◽  
Monolithic Integrated Circuit ◽  
Faraday Cage ◽  
Microwave Electronic ◽  
Transceiver Module

A method of shielding the elements of a microwave module based on the principles of forming a Faraday cage, with different power and different frequency paths of the AFAR receiving-transmitting module, excluding their mutual electromagnetic influence, is presented. A description of the structure of a multilayer board and various structural elements is given, allowing to limit (screen) the signal in a small volume, commensurate with the size of a monolithic integrated circuit or a set of monolithic integrated circuits, isolating parasitic electromagnetic interference. Polyimide is considered as a dielectric material of a multilayer microwave board for use in space technology devices, as well as promising design solutions for reducing the mass and dimensions of the module.

scholarly journals Molecular weight calculator for organic compounds in biotechnology

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wenfa Ng
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Molecular Weight ◽  
Organic Compounds ◽  
Chemical Elements ◽  
Chemical Compounds ◽  
Mass Spectrometric ◽  
Weight Calculation ◽  
Nitrogen Phosphorus ◽  
Chemical Formulas ◽  
Charge Calculations

Automated calculation of molecular weight of chemical compounds would provide savings in time and effort, especially in handling large number of compounds common in chemical or biotechnology workflow. In this work, a molecular weight calculator was developed using MATLAB and is capable of handling the chemical elements: carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, phosphorus, and sulphur that constitute organic compounds common in biotechnology. Such compounds would typically come across as either substrates or products of fermentation, where automated calculation of molecular weight would feed into mass/charge calculations that facilitate workflow involving their mass spectrometric detection. Specifically, chemical formulas of molecular ion are necessary information for identifying particular mass peaks in mass spectrometry, to which automated molecular weight calculation would greatly simplify peak identification. Thus, the molecular weight calculator developed in this work could be used as a subroutine for more complex software that provides identification of mass peaks in mass spectrometry workflow detecting organic compounds in fermentation.

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