scholarly journals Extracting economic value from breweries wastewater: a review

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 8-13
Author(s):  
Paddy Ainebyona ◽  
Noble Banadda ◽  
Nicholas Kiggundu
Keyword(s):  
Biogas Production ◽  
Batch Reactor ◽  
Organic Fertilizer ◽  
Economic Value ◽  
Organic Matter Content ◽  
Matter Content ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Organic Fertilizers ◽  
Total Production ◽  
The World

Worldwide breweries are known to use large volumes of water. Between 10 and 20m3 of water yields 1m3 of beer. This translates to over 90% of wastewater. The world produced 1.94x108m3 of beer in 2018. Of the total production 1.48x107m3 of beer were produced from Africa with Uganda contributing up to 4.1x105m3. Uganda’s major producing industries being Uganda Breweries Limited and Nile Breweries Limited. Uganda’s brewery sector generates between 3.69x106 to 7.79x106m3 of wastewater annually that could otherwise be of importance. This wastewater is characterized by high organic matter content with COD, BOD and TSS ranging between 2,000 to 10,000mg L-1, 1,200 to 7,000mg L-1 and 2,901 to 3,000mg L-1 respectively. Whereas little information has been published regarding the current use of wastewater in Uganda by the Key players, elsewhere in the world the wastewater has been treated for re-use using Anaerobic Sequencing Batch Reactor and membrane bioreactors, for electricity generation using microbial fuel cell and for biogas production using Veolia Bio Bed Technology. The generated sludge has successfully been used as an Organic Fertilizer and a raw material for Organic Fertilizers production in different parts of the world. The process by-products such as spent grain, spent hops and surplus yeast have been used majorly in fertilizers and animal feeds. The purpose of this review article was to explore potential uses of the wastewater in that could apply for Uganda.

scholarly journals BIOGAS PRODUCTION FROM AMARANTH BIOMASS

2013 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 59-62
Author(s):  
Vladimír Sitkey ◽  
Ján Gaduš ◽  
Ľubomír Kliský ◽  
Alexander Dudák
Keyword(s):  
Dry Matter ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Biogas Production ◽  
Organic Fertilizer ◽  
Matter Content ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Dry Matter Content ◽  
Optimum Conditions ◽  
Average Yield ◽  
Amaranthus Spp

Abstract Energy variety of amaranth (Amaranthus spp.) was grown in large-scale trials in order to verify the capability of its cultivation and use as a renewable energy source in a biogas plant. The possibility of biogas production using anaerobic co-fermentation of manure and amaranth silage was verified in the experimental horizontal fermentor of 5 m3 volume, working at mesophilic conditions of 38-40 °C. The goal of the work was also to identify the optimum conditions for growth, harvesting and preservation of amaranth biomass, to optimize biogas production process, and to test the residual slurry from digestion process as a high quality organic fertilizer. The average yield of green amaranth biomass was 51.66 t.ha-1 with dry matter content of 37%. Based on the reached results it can be concluded that amaranth silage, solely or together with another organic materials of agricultural origin, is a suitable raw material for biogas production.

scholarly journals PENERAPAN PAKET TEKNOLOGI RAMAH LINGKUNGAN PADA BUDIDAYA SAYURAN BUAH GUNA MENGANTISIPASI DAMPAK ANOMALI IKLIM

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 158-165
Author(s):  
. Baharuddin ◽  
Muslim Salam ◽  
Mahmud Ahmad ◽  
A. Masniawati
Keyword(s):  
Organic Fertilizer ◽  
Economic Value ◽  
Fruit Tree ◽  
Plant Diseases ◽  
Organic Fertilizers ◽  
Total Production ◽  
Bitter Melon ◽  
Dry Land ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Environmental Anomalies

Climate anomaly is very influential for agriculture in our country. The patterns and methods of farming that have been adopted by farmers must be adapted to anticipate shifts in erratic seasons. Horticulture is a food that is quite essential for humans and has a high economic value if it is managed intensively. Characteristics of vegetables that are easily damaged and rotten cause the price to be very volatile so that it affects the farmer’s income. Uncertain rainy season affects the availability in market because vegetables are generally cultivated conventionally in open fields. A technology approach and smart agribusiness management are needed to reduce the impact of environmental anomalies so that they do not affect the quantity and quality of agricultural products. To reduce the impact of environmental anomalies, the application of synergistic and environmentally friendly technologies on fruit vegetables using a drip hydroponic system and mulch in the cultivation of eggplant in dry land, circulated NFT hydroponics in cultivation of cucumber and bitter melon plants. It also carried out the manufacture and use of liquid organic fertilizer to stimulate the growth and production of fruit vegetables and biopesticides to avoid pests and plant diseases. The results showed that eggplant cultivation planted in open land with drip irrigation resulted in 3.26 fruit / tree with a total production of 130,400 fruits/ha. If the price is IDR 2,000/fruit, then the turnover earned is IDR 260,800,000/ha. Cultivation of cucumber through hydroponic NFT yields 18.83 fruit/tree with a total production of 301,280 fruit/ha. If the price is IDR 1,000/fruit, then the turnover earned is IDR 300,426,000/ha. Cultivation of bitter melon through hydroponic NFT yields 23.76 fruits/tree with a total production of 308,880 fruits/ha. If the price is IDR 1,000/piece, then the turnover earned is IDR 308,880,000/ha.   Keywords: Hydroponics, organic fertilizers, biopesticide, fruit vegetables.   ABSTRAK Anomali iklim sangat berdampak bagi dunia pertanian di negara kita. Pola dan cara bercocok tanam yang selama ini telah dianut oleh petani harus diadaptasikan untuk mengantisipasi pergeseran musim yang tidak menentu. Produk hortikultura merupakan bahan pangan yang cukup esensial bagi manusia dan mempunyai nilai ekonomi yang cukup tinggi jika dikelola secara intensif. Karakteristik sayuran yang mudah rusak dan busuk menyebabkan harganya sangat fluktuatif sehingga berpengaruh pada pendapatan petani. Musim hujan yang tidak menentu berpengaruh terhadap ketersediaan di pasar karena sayuran pada umumnya dibudidayakan secara konvesional di lahan terbuka. Untuk mengurangi dampak anomali lingkungan, penerapan teknologi bersinergi dan ramah lingkungan pada sayuran buah dengan menggunakan sistem hidroponik tetes dan mulsa pada budidaya tanaman terung dilahan terbuka, hidroponik NFT tersirkulasi pada tanaman mentimun dan pare. Selain itu juga dilakukan pembuatan dan pemanfaatan pupuk organik cair untuk merangsang pertumbuhan dan produksi sayuran buah dan biopestisida untuk menghindari serangan hama dan penyakit tanaman. Hasil kegiatan menunjukan bahwa budidaya terung yang ditanam di lahan terbuka dengan pengairan tetes diperoleh hasil 3.26 buah/pohon dengan produksi total 130,400 buah/ha. Jika harga Rp. 2,000/buah, maka omzet yang diperoleh sebesar Rp. 260,800,000/ha. Budidaya tanaman terung melalui hidroponik NFT diperoleh hasil 18.83 buah/pohon dengan produksi total 301,280 buah/ha. Jika harga Rp. 1,000/buah, maka omzet yang diperoleh sebesar Rp. 300,426,000/ha. Budidaya tanaman pare melalui hidroponik NFT diperoleh hasil 23.76 buah/pohon dengan produksi total 308,880 buah/ha. Jika harga Rp. 1,000/buah, maka omzet yang diperoleh sebesar Rp. 308,880,000/ha.   Kata kunci: Hidroponik, pupuk organik, biopestisida, sayuran buah.

scholarly journals PEMBERDAYAAN KELOMPOK IBU-IBU “LORONG GARDEN” KELURAHAN WALA-WALAYYA KOTAMADYA MAKASSAR

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 55-61
Author(s):  
. Aminah ◽  
Sitti Rahbiah B. Hatta
Keyword(s):  
Organic Fertilizer ◽  
Economic Value ◽  
Ornamental Plants ◽  
Farming System ◽  
City Government ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Organic Fertilizers ◽  
Household Waste ◽  
Drainage Channel ◽  
Horticultural Crops

The program aims to develop a home organic fertilizer maker business and increase  knowledge and skills of housewives who live in  alleys of Wala-walayya village, Makassar Municipality, in terms of farming and greening the alleys by utilizing compost and local microorganisms (MOL) made from household waste which is the Leading Innovation Program of the Makassar City Government, also aims to make women able to design and utilize upper part of the drainage channel to store plant pots with beautiful aesthetic value. The target of this activity is increasing knowledge mothers in the alleys Wala-walayya about the concept of greening alleys and laying out alleys properly with organic farming system method, which uses organic fertilizers above the drainage channel around their house that cultivates ornamental plants and other horticultural plants of economic value. At the end of the service, it was found that (1) the knowledge of the target farmers increased about the benefits of fertilization through organic fertilizers, the enthusiasm proved by the residents making their own demonstrated molasses liquid which used as raw material for liquid organic fertilizer; (2) The farmers response are positive and try to make their own liquid organic fertilizers to be tested on their yards, both for ornamental plants and for vegetables and fruits; (3). The enthusiasm of the residents of Wala-walayya village is very high to beautify the alleys where they live by trying to plant horticultural crops on the drainage around the alley so that it looks beautiful like "Garden Alley"   Keywords:  Compost, local microorganism, garden alley, District Wala-walayya.   ABSTRAK Program ini bertujuan untuk mengembangkan usaha pembuat pupuk organik rumahan dan meningkatkan pengetahuan dan keterampilan Ibu-Ibu yang berdomisili pada gang-gang di kelurahan Wala-walayya Kotamadya Makassar, dalam hal bertani dan menghijaukan lorongnya dengan memanfaatkan kompos dan Mikroorganisme Lokal (MOL) berbahan dasar limbah rumah tangga yang merupakan Program Inovasi Unggulan Pemerintah Kota Makassar, Selain itu juga bertujuan agar ibu-ibu mampu mendesain dan memanfaatkan bagian atas saluran drainase untuk menyimpan pot-pot tanaman sehingga mempunyai nilai estetika yang indah. Target kegiatan ini diharapkan, agar masyarakat dalam hal ini ibu-ibu yang berdomisili di gang-gang yang di Kelurahan Wala-walayya, kotamadya Makassar bertambah pengetahuannya tentang konsep menghijaukan lorong dan menata lorong dengan baik dengan metode sistem pertanian organik, yang menggunakan pupuk organik di atas saluran drainase sekitar rumah mereka yang mengusahakan tanaman hias ataupun tanaman hortikultura lainnya yang bernilai ekonomi. Pada akhir pengabdian diperoleh bahwa (1) pengetahuan petani sasaran tentang manfaat pemupukan melalui pupuk organik cair telah meningkat, capaian kegiatan diperoleh dengan antusiasnya warga untuk membuat sendiri cairan molase yang telah didemostrasikan yang akan digunakan sebagai bahan baku pupuk organik cair. (2) Tanggapan petani terhadap kegiatan demonstrasi cara pembuatan pupuk organik cair cukup baik dan positif serta petani ingin mencoba membuat sendiri pupuk organik cair untuk dicobakan pada lahan pekarangannya baik untuk tanaman hias maupun untuk tanaman sayuran dan buah-buahan (3). Antusias warga kelurahan Wala-walayya juga sangat tinggi untuk memperindah gang – gang tempat mereka berdomisili dengan mengusahakan menanam tanaman hortikultura di atas saluran drainase di sekitar gang sehingga nampak  indah seperti “Lorong Garden”   Kata kunci: Kompos, MOL, lorong garden, Kelurahan Wala-walayya.

scholarly journals SOIL ORGANIC MATTER (SOM): STATUS, TARGET AND CHALLENGES IN NEPAL

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 90-94
Author(s):  
J.J. Gairhe ◽  
S. Khanal ◽  
S. Thapa
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Soil Organic Matter ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Organic Fertilizer ◽  
Organic Matter Content ◽  
Matter Content ◽  
Organic Fertilizers ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Fiscal Year ◽  
Fertilizer Use

Changes in soil organic matter (SOM) are slow and difficult to monitor, usually apparent after few decades. Recent changes in the agriculture had its influence on soil, including the soil organic matter content. About 60% of soil in Nepal now have low organic matter content. Agriculture Perspective Plan (APP) was focused more on the concept of green revolution to increase the chemical fertilizer inputs, however, the scenario is changing. Use of organic fertilizers is promoted extensively by government and different organizations with a target of increasing SOM content from 1.92% in 2015 to 4% by 2035. This paper aims at analysing the current status, targeted goal and the challenges faced in the augmentation of the soil organic matter using data available. Achieving this target requires an addition of extra 2.244 ton/ha of organic matter on a yearly basis for 20 years. The average amount of organic matter (2.5-3 ton/ha) applied is lesser than a single season grain harvest. 4.69% of sites had high soil organic matter in fiscal year 075/76 which slipped to 2.64% in 2076/77. The sites with low soil organic matter increased from 12.73% to 15.31%. The causes behind the SOM decline varies according to different agro-ecological zones like soil erosion, residue burning, imbalanced fertilizer use, defective FYM production etc. Findings suggest precise technologies required to be adopted to tackle with the different niche specific causes of soil fertility decline. Despite the complete nutrient content, bulky nature of organic fertilizers sets a major drawback regarding their transportation, distribution and commercialization. Government of Nepal is promoting organic fertilizer use by subsidizing their production cost by 50%. Following integrated nutrient management (INM) techniques, sustainable soil management practices (SSMP) and promotion of use of locally available resources can play a huge role in making the technology sustainable to the farmers.

Utilization of Residu / Ampas Biogas Production from Bio-Slurry as Organic Fertilizer Resources

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (02) ◽  
pp. 139-148
Author(s):  
Yusmiati Bppt ◽  
Bambang Singgih
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Soil Organic Matter ◽  
Animal Feed ◽  
Biogas Production ◽  
Organic Fertilizer ◽  
Organic Matter Content ◽  
Matter Content ◽  
Inorganic Materials ◽  
Soil Organic Matter Content ◽  
Semi Solid

Survey results show that the soil organic matter content is very low, i.e. less than 2% for paddy fields and about 2% for the fields. The decrease of soil organic matter content is thought to be caused by the way of agricultural cultivation that is less attention to the content of organic matter with the use of chemical fertilizers is very intensive. The use of organic fertilizer can be a solution to the problem. Bio-slurry generated from liquid biogas reactors tends to be semi-solid and has characteristics, which are light brown or green and tend to be dark; little or no gas bubbles content; odorless and insect less; textured sticky, tough, and not shiny. The bio-slurry composition consists of organic materials (18-27%) and inorganic materials (2-3%). The content of NPK (Nitrogen, Phosphorus and Potassium) in liquid bio-slurry consists of nitrogen (0.25%), phosphorus (0.13), and potassium (0.12%). While the content of NPK in dry (solid) bio-slurry consists of nitrogen (3.6%), phosphorus (1.8%), and potassium (3.6%). In addition, bio-slurry also contains other nutrients, namely amino acids, fatty acids, humic acid, vitamin B-12, auxin hormones, cytokines, antibiotics, and micronutrients such as iron (Fe), copper (Cu), zinc (Zn), manganese (Mn), and molybdenum (Mo). Benefits of bio-slurry is for organic fertilizer, bio-pesticide, biological fertilizer, plant growth regulator, animal feed, improving soil structure, increasing weed growth, increasing soil fertility and increasing soil microorganism activity.

Whey Utilization: Sustainable Uses and Environmental Approach

2021 ◽  
Vol 59 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Elizabeta Zandona ◽  
Marijana Blažić ◽  
Anet Režek Jambrak
Keyword(s):  
Whey Proteins ◽  
Organic Matter Content ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Edible Films ◽  
Matter Content ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Sustainable Utilization ◽  
The Past ◽  
Food Applications ◽  
Value Added Products

The dairy industry produces large amounts of whey as a by- product or co-product, which has led to considerable environmental problems due to its high organic matter content. Over the past decades, possibilities of more environmentally and economically efficient whey utilisation have been studied, primarily to convert unwanted end products into a valuable raw material. Sustainable whey management is mostly oriented to biotechnological and food applications for the development of value-added products such as whey powders, whey proteins, functional food and beverages, edible films and coatings, lactic acid and other biochemicals, bioplastic, biofuels and similar valuable bioproducts. This paper provides an overview of the sustainable utilization of whey and its constituents, considering new refining approaches and integrated processes to covert whey, or lactose and whey proteins to high value-added whey-based products.

scholarly journals PEMBUATAN PUPUK ORGANIK DARI KOTORAN SAPI DAN JERAMI PADI DENGAN PROSES FERMENTASI MENGGUNAKAN BIOAKTIVATOR M-DEC

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ahmad Shobib
Keyword(s):  
Rice Straw ◽  
Fermentation Process ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Organic Fertilizer ◽  
Organic Matter Content ◽  
Organic Content ◽  
Matter Content ◽  
Cow Manure ◽  
Aerobic Fermentation ◽  
Fermentation Time

Cow manure can be used for making organic fertilizer because it contains nutrients such as Nitrogen (N), Phosphorus (P), and Potassium (K). Rice straw has a high C-Organic content. Adding straw compost will increase soil organic matter content. The study aims to determine the fermentation process that occurs so as to produce organic fertilize, know the effect of fermentation time and the effect of the composition of raw materials for cow manure and rice straw on the process of making organic fertilizer to the content of organic fertilizer according to SNI 7603 : 2018. The method use by aerobic fermentation is by mixing cow manure and rice straw and M-Dec bioactivators by comparison 3 : 1, 2 : 2,1 : 3 and fermentation time 7, 14, 21, 28 days. The parameters tested are C-organic, Nitrogen (N), C/N ratio, Phosphorus (P), and Potassium (K). The best quality organic fertilizer in the treatment of cow manure : rice straw with a ratio of 2 : 2 on the 28th day fermentation process namely C-organic content 34,63 %, C/N ratio is 25, macro nutrient content N+P2O5+K2O of 3,14 % that has met SNI 7763 : 2018. Keyword: M-Dec bioactivator, aerobic fermentation, cow manure, rice straw, C/N ratio

scholarly journals Sludge Treatment for Application in Agriculture Should be the Option Number One for Ukraine

2017 ◽  
pp. 356-362
Author(s):  
Lidiia Svirenko ◽  
Viktoriia Bondar
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Sewage Sludge ◽  
Organic Fertilizer ◽  
Organic Matter Content ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Matter Content ◽  
Biofuel Production ◽  
National Standard ◽  
Arable Soils ◽  
Climatic Zones

Ukraine is well-known in the world as a country with soil rich for humus. Approximately 68% of arable soils in Ukraine have been classificated as chernozem. For last decades decrease of organic matter content in soils of various agri-climatic zones has been surveyed in the country. The main reason of the mentioned process is enormous lack of organic fertilizer (manure) in agriculture connected with decrease in livestock (in 3 times since year 1992). Besides there is expansion of technical crops for biofuel production (like Brassica napus, Helianthus annuus), which are the provocateurs of soils exhaustion. At the same time such important source of organic matter for application in agriculture as sewage sludge (SS) from wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) is not used in Ukraine nowadays. To stop arable soils degradation in regions it is necessary to develop up-to-date management for fertilizer production on WWTPs. The base for the process has to be the acceptance of the goal-oriented National programme, corresponding governmental decrees and implementation of national standard for using sewage sludge as fertilizer.

scholarly journals THE CHANGE OF SANDY SOIL PROPERTIES AFTER ADDING CHARCOAL PRODUCED FROM A TRADITIONAL KILN IN THE MEKONG DELTA, VIET NAM

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (42) ◽  
pp. 109-115
Author(s):  
Binh Phan Khanh Huynh ◽  
Tho Van Nguyen ◽  
Vien My Tran
Keyword(s):  
Soil Properties ◽  
Bulk Density ◽  
Sandy Soil ◽  
Organic Matter Content ◽  
Mekong Delta ◽  
Exchange Capacity ◽  
Matter Content ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Control Treatment ◽  
Viet Nam

This study aimed to use charcoal derived from the bamboo and melaleuca produced by traditional kiln applied to sandy soil growing mustard green (Brassica juncea L.). The charcoals were applied at three ratio (1%,2%, and 3%, which correspond to 10, 20, and 30 g charcoal/kg soil in pots) and the control treatment without charcoal. Soil properties were investigated including bulk density, pH, electrical conductivity (EC), cation exchange capacity (CEC), organic matter content, total nitrogen, and total phosphorous. The results showed that bulk density decreased in charcoal-treated soils. pH and EC were in the suitable range for plants.Nutrients and CEC of the soil in the charcoal treatment were significantly higher compared with the control (CEC increase 6.8% to 16%; TC increase 80% to 115%; TN increase 37.5 to 75%). Green mustard growing on charcoalamended soil had greater height (higher 3% to 21%), bigger leaves, and higher yield (increase18% to 81%) than those of plants groomed in the control treatment. This study showed the potential of using charcoal as supplying nutrient to the poor soil. Moreover, the abundant of raw material and easy to produce, it is suitable for applying in the Mekong Delta, Viet Nam, and other countries with similar conditions and infrastructure. 

scholarly journals Influence of Organic Fertilizers on Productivity of Barley: A Review

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arebu Hussen Yimer
Keyword(s):  
Management Practice ◽  
Organic Fertilizer ◽  
Poultry Manure ◽  
Relevant Information ◽  
Animal Manure ◽  
Yield Component ◽  
Organic Fertilizers ◽  
Research Report ◽  
Hordeum Vulgare L ◽  
The World

Barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) is one of the ancient cereal crops of agriculture in the world and one of the first domesticated cereals and fourth largest cereal crop next to maize, wheat and rice in the world. It contributes seven percent of the total cereal production. The production of barley in Ethiopia reduced by many factors from these biotic factors including rodents, pathogens, diseases, weed, pests, insects and abiotic stress like drought, flooding, temperature stress, salinity, poor management practice, frost, poor soil fertility, agronomic practice etc. among those the most important factors that reduce yield of barley in Ethiopia are the use of inappropriate organic fertilizers. Thus, the main objective of this paper is to review the influence of organic fertilizers on productivity of barely. The review was done by collecting the various published and unpublished materials relevant information from different literature sources like libraries, research report, journals, books and Internet center. As various scholars mentioned organic fertilizers affect the growth, development and yield of barley. The uses of farm yard manure, animal manure, poultry manure and vermi compost considerably improved yield and yield component of barley such as number of tillers per plant, spike length, straw, biomass, grain weight and grain yield. It concludes using organic fertilizer has crucial role for increasing barley production and productivity.

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