scholarly journals The effect of cysticercosis invasion on the protein metabolism and cellular immunity of rabbits

2021 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 7-11
Author(s):  
Y. V. Duda ◽  

The composition of blood proteins depends on the functional state of animals, as well as on various pathologies. The goal of the work was to establish the effect of cysticercosis invasion on the protein metabolism and cellular immunity of rabbits. Rabbits were divided into two groups after visual identification of the larval cysts presence: healthy (control) and diseased (experimental). Biochemical blood tests were performed using reagent sets produced by “Filisit-Diagnostika” (Ukraine). Spontaneous cysticercosis invasion of male rabbits caused changes in protein metabolism. The content of total protein in infected animals was higher by 8.79% (P<0.05) than in control. The increase in the total protein content was due to the globulin fraction, which was 1.50 times (P<0.05) higher in affected animals than in healthy rabbits. This rise occurred as a result of a high content of γ-globulins, both in absolute value by 1.69 times (P<0.05), and in percentage by 1.51 times (P<0.05). The albumins, which are completely synthesized by liver, were lower by 10.08% (P<0.05) in rabbits with cysticercosis. The protein coefficient of experimental animals was lower by 43.89% (P<0.05) compared with the control. The concentration of uric acid in diseased rabbits was lower by 34.09% (P<0.05) than in healthy ones. We have observed a high number of T-, B-lymphocytes and T-helper cells, especially the last two indicators, which increased respectively 1.54 times (P<0.01) and 1.36 times (P<0.05) against the background of a low number of T-suppressors and O-lymphocytes — almost 5 times (P<0.001) in affected animals than in healthy rabbits. In our opinion, such changes in the proteinogram and cellular immunity indicate the intensification of immune reactions in the body of rabbits infected with the Cysticercus pisiformis as a result of inflammatory processes that occur in the liver under the action of a mechanical, toxic effect of the helminths.

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 42-46
Author(s):  
V. G. Stoyanovskyy ◽  
M. O. Shevchuk ◽  
I. A. Kolomiiets ◽  
V. A. Kolotnytskyy

The body of  broiler chickens is characterized by a high metabolism, which promotes rapid growth and development, but their performance indicators are largely related to housing conditions, which are known to include a number of technological stressors. With the development of stress in the body of poultry changes the course of metabolic processes, which causes changes in all types of metabolism, including protein. The aim of the study was to determine the changes in individual indicators of protein metabolism in the body of broiler chickens against the background of combined stress when included in the diet “Reasil Humic Vet” + “Laktin” and “Reasil Humic Health”. At 13th day of life, all clinically healthy poultry were exposed to combined stress – revaccination (intranasal Newcastle disease) plus cold stress (for 60 minutes by air conditioning and 5 °C in the vivarium). Material for research was selected for 3 days after the action of the stress factor (stage of anxiety), 13, 20 and 26 days after the action of the stress factor (the resistance stage). The material for the study was blood plasma, which determined the concentration of total protein, as well as the content of albumin, globulin fraction (α1, α2, β, γ). It was found that 3 days after the action of stress in chickens of Control group the development of adaptive reactions is manifested by the stability of the total protein content and redistribution of the fractional composition of plasma globulins in the form of increased albumin and α2-globulins. At different stages of development of the stage of resistance in birds of Control group, the content of total protein decreases by an average of 14.6 % due to the content of albumin by 6.9 % and α2-globulins – by 15.9 %, against the background of increasing α1- and γ-globulins by 23.1 and 33.5 % with the stabilization of individual studied indicators at the final stages of development of the resistance stage. The use in the diet of broilers feed “Reasil Humic Vet”, probiotic feed supplement “Laktin”, feed “Reasil Humic Health” under the influence of complex stress helps to increase the intensity of protein metabolism in poultry with the development of adaptation syndrome, as evidenced by the growth of total protein on average by 37.8 % (P < 0.05) and albumin – by 17.0 % (P < 0.05), which indicates an increase in the intensity of protein-synthesizing properties of the organism. In different periods of stress in the blood of broiler chickens Research groups there is an increase in the ratio of individual protein fractions, especially the content of γ-globulins - an average of 21.3 % (P < 0.05), which indicates an increase in the immune status of their body with a predominance of numerical values in the Research 1 group of poultry.


2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
A. A. Studenok ◽  
◽  
E .O. Shnurenko ◽  
V. O. Trokoz ◽  
V. I. Karposkyi ◽  
...  

The main role in maintaining the functioning of the body, its growth, and development belongs to protein. It is involved in the formation of the muscular skeleton and is s part of enzymes, neurotransmitters, hormones. The effect of the autonomic nervous system on total protein metabolism has not been sufficiently studied. It is known that the autonomic nervous system is a structure that is responsible for the homeostasis and stability of the whole organism. It participates in the regulation of the heart, endocrine and external secretion glands, gastrointestinal tract, excretory organs, and more. In our studies, it was found that in chickens of Cobb 500 strain with different tones of the autonomic nervous system during the growing period from the 35th to the 60th day, different contents of total protein, albumin, and globulins were observed and different body weights were recorded. Vagotonic chickens showed the lowest protein metabolism at the age of 35 and 45 days (P ˂ 0.05–0.001) compared with sympathicotonics and normotonics, which tended to increase between 35 and 60 days of rearing compared with other groups of birds, where the studied protein fractions on the contrary decreased. Correlations between total protein, albumin, and bird body weight had a high linear relationship in all groups of chickens (P ˂ 0.05–0.001) and a negative relationship between the 45th and 60th days of rearing in sympathicotonics and normotonics. In birds with a predominance of parasympathetic tone of the autonomic nervous system, this correlation maintained its direction with high reliability (P ˂ 0.05) between body weight and total protein on the 60th day of rearing.


2018 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 110-114
Author(s):  
G Sh Garayev ◽  
J R Gafarova ◽  
R E Jafarova

On the experimental model of liver ischemia-reperfusion, quantitative changes in protein composition in the blood of white outbred rats were investigated. It was found that against the background of a 10-minute ischemia, the total protein content decreased by 0,9%, albumins by 1,5% (p0,05). The content of globulins practically did not change, and the content of fibrinogen increased by 33,3% (p0,05). In the corresponding periods of reperfusion compared with intact values, the content of total protein and albumins decreased, and globulins and fibrinogen increased. The intensity of changes in the quantitative and qualitative content of proteins in the blood of animals depended on both the duration of the ischemia period and the duration of reperfusion. At the same time, the increase in the level of globulins in the blood occurred more intensively during reperfusion after 20 minutes of ischemia. Thus, against the background of ischemia, there are changes in the quantitative composition of plasma proteins (total protein, albumins, globulins, fibrinogen). As the duration of ischemia increases, pathological changes increase. With reperfusion, the process continues unidirectionally, but against the background of a deeper ischemia lasting 20 minutes, some parameters of the pathological changes in the blood composition are less pronounced than against a background of reperfusion after a 10-minute ischemia. This phenomenon is explained by the activation of the protective and adaptive functions of the body.


2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 12-15
Author(s):  
D. V. Frejuk ◽  
V. V. Stybel

Cattle fasciolosis is quite widespread in the world, including in Ukraine. Animal blood proteins, being in close functional connection with proteins of various tissues, reflect the changes that occur in the tissues and organs of the body during disorders of their metabolic processes caused by pathological factors. The aim of the study was to investigate the level of total protein and its fractions in the blood of cows in experimental fasciolosis. 12 cows of 4–5 years of age, black-spotted breed, were selected for experiment, out of which 2 groups were formed, six animals in each. Animals in the control group were clinically healthy. Animals of the experimental group were experimentally infected with adolescents. During the research, the rules of compulsory experiments were followed - selection and keeping of analogue animals in groups. The cows' diet was balanced in terms of nutrients and minerals. In the study of protein-sensitizing function of the liver of cows, it was found that during fasciolosis invasion, the content of total protein decreased by 13.8 %. These changes were due to a decrease in albumin and an increase in globulins. Thus, in fasciological invasion of cows, the level of albumin in the serum decreased by 24.4 %, and the level of globulins increased by 7.9 %. The value of the albumin / globulin ratio in the blood of infested cows with the causative agent of fasciolosis is quite indicative. It was found that the albumin-globulin ratio in the blood of cows of the experimental group was probably lower compared to the control group of animals. This value of the coefficient, of course, indicates the suppression of protein-synthesizing function of the liver in these periods of research. In the future it is planned to investigate the functional state of the liver of cows with experimental fasciolosis.


2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 360-366
Author(s):  
V. A. Gryshchenko ◽  
V. S. Minina

In recent years, there has been a pronounced tendency to increase in the incidence of drug-induced liver damage due to the growing expansion of the pharmaceutical market, which is also observed in the case of incorrect administration of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs). In this case, the violation of the functional state of the body has a negative effect on synthetic processes, which in combination with the protein system of tissues significantly affects the metabolic homeostasis of the body. Therefore, the aim of the study was to determine marker changes in the plasma protein spectrum in laboratory rats with diclofenac-induced hepatitis and the effectiveness of reparative therapy based on milk phospholipids. The drug form of toxic hepatitis in laboratory animals was induced according to the author’s model by oral administration of diclofenac sodium (NSAID group) at a dose of 12.5 mg/kg, once a day for 14 days. Thus, in rats with toxic hepatitis there was a probable decrease in plasma total protein content by 15.6% compared with control, indicating a violation of protein-synthesizing function of the liver. With the introduction into the body of clinically healthy and sick animals of the liposomal form of the bioadditive "FLP-MD" based on milk phospholipids, the level of total protein in blood plasma corresponded to control values. As a result of the study of the plasma protein spectrum of Wistar rats, the four most sensitive indicators, which undergo significant probable changes in absolute and relative units of measurement with the development of toxic diclofenac-induced hepatitis, are protein fractions with molecular weights of 180–190, 150–170, 60 and 54–58 kDa and four markers of the effectiveness of restoring the protein-synthesizing function of the liver with the use of corrective therapy, in particular, bioadditives "FLP-MD" – 900, 180–190, 68–70 kDa and the value of A/G ratio, which is important for implementation in applied veterinary medicine, especially in the diagnosis of NSAID hepatopathy, supplementing the picture of its pathogenesis at the molecular level and testing the effectiveness of newly created drugs of hepatoprotective profile.


2020 ◽  
Vol 98 (Supplement_4) ◽  
pp. 337-338
Author(s):  
Mikhail Atroshchenko ◽  
Mariya Engalycheva ◽  
Anna Kudlaeva ◽  
Elena Borodkina ◽  
Mariya Fomina ◽  
...  

Abstract The aim of this work was to study the relationship between acute phase indicators of a biochemical blood test with the quality and cryostability sperm in stallions. Semen from 59 stallions (aged from 5 to 15 years) were collected during the breeding season (February–May). Blood plasma samples were studied using a Vegasys automatic biochemical analyzer (Analyzer Medical System, Italy). The following parameters were determined in blood plasma: total protein, level of albumin, globulin, albumin/globulin ratio, C-reactive protein, fibrinogen. Each sperm sample was evaluated by volume, concentration, total sperm, as well as progressive motility and survival of sperm in chilled and thawed sperm during hypothermic storage at +40С. The normality of the distribution of quantitative traits was determined using the Shapiro-Wilk test. For each of the indicators, the Spearman coefficient was calculated. Significance of differences was assessed using the Mann-Whitney test, the results were statistically significant at P ≤0.05. The concentration of biochemical parameters in blood serum averaged: total protein - 67.4 ± 0.7 g/l, albumin - 39.4±0.6 g/l, globulins - 28.4±0.8 g/l, C reactive protein - 0.3±0.1 mg/l, fibrinogen - 3.1±0.1 g/l. A significant negative correlation between the plasma fibrinogen and sperm survival during hypothermic storage (at +4ºС) of chilled (r=0.48; P &lt; 0.001) sperm and progressive sperm motility after thawing (r =-0.29; &lt; 0.05) was found. We suggest that an increase in the level of fibrinogen in the blood may indicate the presence of latent inflammatory, immuno-mediated processes in the body, including those affecting the quality and cryostability of sperm in stallions. Authors acknowledge financial support from Russian Science Foundation, Grant No: 20-16-00101, development program of Bioresource collections “Cryobank of genetic recourses the All-Russian Research Institute for Horse Breeding.”


Author(s):  
V. Sakara ◽  
A. Melnyk ◽  
F. Markhenkov

The results of the application of a complex of Zinc and Manganese chelates to protein, macro- and micro-mineral exchanges in the body of broiler chickens of the Cobb 500 cross-breed are presented. The administration of Zn and Mn chelates in a dose of 0,2 ml/l for chicken broilers of 23 days of age (1st experimental group) during 14 days influenced the increase in the total protein content to 35,3±0,8 g/l, which is 8 % higher compared with the control – 32,5±0,7 g/l (p<0,01 ) The concentration of total Calcium in serum of broiler chickens 37-day-old (end of trial) was higher in the first experimental group by 7,3 % (2,05±0,06 mmol/l) compared to control – 1,9±0,03 mmol/l. In the second group, where chelates were administered in a dose of 0,4 ml/l of water, the Calcium content was 2,0±0,02 mmol/l, which is 5 % more than the control group. The two-week application of Zn and Mn chelates also led to an increase in the level of inorganic Phosphorus in the serum of the first group to 2,6±0,12 mmol/l (+ 11,5 %) compared with the control group. After administration of chelates Zn and Mn at doses of 0,2 ml/l water, the Zinc content was higher by 4,3% (23,5±0,2 μmol/l) compared to control – 22,5±0,34 μmol/l (p<0,01). In the second group, where the dose of chelates was 0,4 ml/l, the concentration of Zinc was 23,6±0,16 μmol/l, which is more than 4,6 % for control (p<0,01). At the end of the study, the content of Manganese in serum of broiler chickens in the first group was 1,9±0,07 μmol/l (p<0,05), which is 10,4% higher compared with the control – 1,7±0,06 μmol/l (3rd sampling). The level of this element in the second group was 2,0±0,08 μmol/l (p<0,01), which is higher by 16,7 % relative to the control. At the end of the experiment, the coupon concentration in the first and second experimental groups was 12,6 and 9,3 % higher, compared with control, 7,0±0,37 μmol/l. In turn, the serum Ferrum content of the first group was greater by 9,3 % (19,3±0,69 μmol/l), and the second by 6,7 % (18,8±0,47 μmol/l) compared to the bird of the control group. Key words: chicken broilers, chelates, Zinc, Manganese, Cuprom, Ferrum, metabolism.


2017 ◽  
Vol 53 ◽  
pp. 164-172
Author(s):  
M. V. Pasaylyuk ◽  
I. V. Stefurak ◽  
Yu. P. Stefurak

Horses of Gutsul horse breed are native breed for Gutsul region of Eastern Carpathians. Skilled human using performance-keeping livestock of farm animals influence primarily on to the adaptive and protective properties of the body of farm animals. The study aimed to research the age and sex characteristics of natural resistance of Gutsul breed horses will promote the formation of measures to improve animal productivity, and will promote for all-round understanding of the unique breed postembryonic during ontogeny. The studies aim was to investigate age dynamics of non-specific resistance of the organism Gutsul breed horses of different sexes. The study was conducted during the 2013-2017 years. The blood samples (n = 96) of healthy horses (n = 28) Gutsul breed were analyzed. Material for the study was given from horses that were in proper diet and kept under the same conditions of Pre-Carpathians. The horses age and sex categories were formed as follows: foals 6 months (just weaned), 1 year, 1.5 years; mares and stallions aged 2 and 3 years; mares (blank), horses (before coupling period), geldings aged 6, 9, 12. To study the resistance of animals in whole blood such parameters were determined: protein fractions, amount of total protein of serum of blood, bactericidal activity of serum of blood (BASB), lysocym activity of serum of blood (LASB) index of completed phagocytosis (ICP). Analysis of non-specific resistance of the organism in the classic cluster for these studies (total protein, protein fractions, BASB, LASB, ICP) found that Gutsul breed horses are well adapted to living conditions in the territory Pre-Carpathians in all chosen by our time. The value of the studied parameters depended on the age and sex of the individual from whom the samples. To the onset of puberty horses the content of total protein increased its value. In all age categories the content of total protein was higher in stallions. Later, with age, although the total protein was increasing, but it was not significant when comparing the results for each gender in particular. Protein fractions of Gutsul breed horses recorded that the foals had the highest relative content of albumin, the lowest - γ-globulins. With age, albumin content changed in waves, but the albumin / globulin ratio remained high in the 12-year-old individuals with almost identical values for particles and geldings and mares, but indexes of ratio were significantly higher for stallions. The relative content of γ-globulin fraction of horses of different sexes increased with age, and in mares, starting year and a year and half of age, content γ-globulin was significantly higher than the rates the content of the fractions in the blood stallions appropriate age. Differences of γ-globulin fractions between mares and geldings were statistically unreliable. The dynamics of age changes BASB and LASB set like jump improving of these indicators from 6 months to a year and a year and half old and continue their stabilization occurred at 85-91-89% for BASB and 25-31-27% for LASB to mares, stallions, geldings, respectively. The indexes of ICP were already high at 6 months of age (0,84-0,9 st.un.). The level of adult the indexes of ICP out in the first year of life (for 0,87-0,93-0,89 st.un. for mare-stallions and geldings, according to). Thus, both humoral and cellular resistance performance is not constant. These indexes changed according to physiological status. In stallions, compared with mares, almost all ages favor and ICP indicators were higher. The content of γ-globulins were lower, while in females, respectively, recorded an opposite picture. Most indicators of natural resistance of the organism geldings were lower than stallions, showing the same trend, similar to the body of female horses.


Author(s):  
Volodymyr Zadorozhnyi

The aim of the study was to study the effect of convulsive syndrome in patients with delirium tremens (DT) on the charac teristics of the metabolic status of the body, the severity of clinical manifes tations, and survival of people of different ages. The study involved 753 patients with DT at the age of 20 to 76 years. The metabolic status was studied. One indicator was the urea-creatinine serum index; its low level was considered a sign of anabolic trends in metabolism. Another indicator was the determination of the total protein content in the body by daily excretion of creatinine. It was found that patients with DT with convulsive syndrome had a higher score according to the severity of the disease according to the DRS scale, a longer period of mental disorders, the average number of somatic complications was higher. However, the survival rate of patients with DT with convulsive syndrome and patients with DT without convulsive manifestations was the same. To determine the causes of this, the metabolic status and age of surviving and deceased patients with DT were compared. The highest total protein content in the body is observed in surviving patients with DT with manifestations of convulsive syndrome. Surviving patients with DT with manifestations of convulsive syndrome had a significantly lower level of urea-creatinine index compared with survivors with DT without convulsive syndrome. Among all patients with DT, the average age of survivors with convulsive syndrome was the lowest, and the average age of deceased patients with convulsive syndrome was the highest. In patients with DT without convulsive manifestations, the age of surviving and dead patients did not differ. The age of surviving patients with DT with convulsive syndrome is significantly lower than that of surviving patients without convulsive manifestations. The presence of convulsive syndrome and associated metabolic changes in the body in patients with DT contributes to the survival of a younger part of patients. Key words: alcohol delirium, seizures, aggravation of mental and somatic disorders, anabolic state of metabolism, primary survival of young patients


2019 ◽  
Vol 21 (93) ◽  
pp. 164-168
Author(s):  
U. M. Vus ◽  
O. V. Kozenko

Protein metabolism in animals is perhaps the most informative indicator of anthropogenic environmental pollution, because it provides an opportunity to characterize metabolic processes in the body. They are of the utmost importance for the structure and function of all cells, tissues and organs. Proteins reflect the state of the organism, as well as those changes that occur in it under the influence of internal and external factors. We studied the dynamics of changes in indicators in protein metabolism in cows depending on the season of the year and the location of a farm. The research was carried out in two farms of the Lviv region: the Danylo Halytskyj LLC, near the State Mining and Chemical Enterprise “Sirka”, and FE “Lelyk” of Zhovkva district, in spring, summer, autumn and winter periods of keeping. The object of research was the blood of 20 cows of Ukrainian Black-Spotted breed. According to the results of the research, a reduction in total protein, relative to the physiological norm of 0.45 g/l. in spring, and by 0.64 g/l in the summer, dysproteinemia, a high level of gamma globulin fraction (50.30%) in cows from the Danylo Halytskyj farm, located in the zone of influence of the State Chemical Medicine Plant “Sirka”. In animals FE Lelyk, located in the conventionally clean zone, this indicator was significantly higher, and was 76.14 g/l in spring, and 78.17 g/l in summer, and also in animals of this farm dysproteinemia was not observed. In the autumn, at the end of the summer grazing period of the keeping, the index of total protein tended to decrease in the animals of the Danylo Halytsky's Ltd., and in winter it was normalized and invested in the limits of the physiological norm. Albumin fraction of protein in this group of animals, throughout the search period, had a tendency to increase. In the cows of the FE “Lelyk”, the indices of protein metabolism were within the limits of the physiological norm in all periods of research, with the inherent fluctuations in the season of the year. The obtained results due to the content of total protein and protein fractions in the plasma of blood of cows kept in territories with different ecological status indicate that the effect of the activity of the State Chemical Medicine Plant “Sirka” is sufficiently strong on the organism of animals.


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