scholarly journals Increasing the Flow Capacity of Hoses with Electrical-Heater Coils to Supply Thickened Preservatives for Spraying

2021 ◽  
Vol 31 (4) ◽  
pp. 559-576
Author(s):  
Aleksandr I. Petrashev ◽  
Larisa G. Knyazeva
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Hydraulic Resistance ◽  
Pressure Loss ◽  
Current Source ◽  
Engine Oil ◽  
Flexible Hose ◽  
Channel Diameter ◽  
Electrical Heater ◽  
Flow Capacity ◽  
Heater Coil

Introduction. Anticorrosion protection of agricultural machinery working elements is provided through using pneumatic application of thickened preservatives with heating. For this purpose, a wire coil is inserted inside the preservative-supply hose and connected to a current source. It is known that the wire thickness and the coil pitch affect the hydraulic resistance to fluid flow. However, it has not been established how the diameter of the coil insert and its heating affect the flow capacity of the flexible hose channel. The purpose of the research is to increase the capacity of a flexible hose with an electrical-heater coil. For this purpose, it is necessary to determine its geometric parameters minimizing the hydraulic resistance to the thickened preservative flow and reducing the energy consumption for heating the material in the hose. Materials and Methods. It is proposed to investigate two electrical-heater coils of the same length, but of different diameter, made of steel welding wire pieces of equal length. There was developed a stand to study the influence of the inserted coil parameters on the hose hydraulic resistance. The stand was used to determine pressure losses in hoses with coils and in smooth hoses when used engine oil and thickened preservative flow through them. The flow capacity of the hose with cold and heated coils was estimated. Results. The method of heating the preservative in the hose wall layer is justified. At the same time, its flow capacity increases one and a half times with less energy consumption (2.4 times) than when heating the preservative in the central part of the hose. Under laminar flow mode, the pressure loss in the hose is 2 times lower when the coil is equal to 0.85 of the hose channel diameter than when the coil is equal to 0.67 of the channel diameter. Discussion and Conclusion. The research found the rational way of placing the electrical coil near the heated hose channel wall. At low air temperature, the reduction of the thickened preservative viscosity by heating in the hose helps to decrease the pressure loss up to 50% and increase its flow capacity by 1.4‒2.0 times. The use of a electrical-heater coil in the hose with thickened preservative will minimize energy consumption when preserving equipment on open storage sites.

Pilot Pipe and Damping Orifice Arrangements Analysis of a Pilot-Control Globe Valve

2020 ◽  
Vol 142 (10) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jin-yuan Qian ◽  
Jia-yi Wu ◽  
Zhi-xin Gao ◽  
Zhi-jiang Jin
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Pressure Distribution ◽  
Lower Energy ◽  
Flow Resistance ◽  
Flow Characteristics ◽  
Incoming Flow ◽  
Local Flow ◽  
Flow Capacity ◽  
Bottom Face ◽  
Globe Valve

Abstract Compared to conventional globe valves, the pilot-control globe valve (PCGV) possesses advantages of lower energy consumption and higher space utilization. In order to analyze the effects of pilot pipe and damping orifice arrangements, this work proposes four PCGVs and conducts simulations to compare their overall performances, overall flow characteristics, and local flow characteristics around the valve core. In general, the arrangement of the pilot pipe has larger effects on the hydroperformances of PCGVs than the arrangement of the damping orifice. The pipe-parallel-mounted type PCGV performs better in hydroperformance than the pipe-perpendicular-mounted type PCGV, and thus is recommended in practice. As the specified valve core travel increases, the flow resistance of PCGVs decreases and the flow capacity of PCGVs increases. However, overlarge specified valve core travel has little effects on the flow resistance and flow capacity of PCGVs. Besides, the increased specified valve core travel could effectively reduce the wear induced by the uneven pressure distribution on the external lateral face of valve core, but it has little effect on the wear induced by the uneven pressure distribution on the bottom face. For all pipe-perpendicular-mounted type PCGVs, the variation of axial force imposed on the valve core relative to the specific valve core travel presents similar tendencies under different incoming flow velocity within the scope of the investigation, which could be concluded into a fitting equation. This work could be referred for the optimization of PCGVs and other similar valves.

Experimental Study on Two-Phase Flows in Scavenge Pump for Aircraft Engine Oil System

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laurent Ippoliti ◽  
Olivier Berten ◽  
Patrick Hendrick
Keyword(s):  
Single Phase ◽  
Aircraft Engine ◽  
Engine Oil ◽  
Test Rig ◽  
Feed Pump ◽  
Two Phase ◽  
Turbofan Engine ◽  
Flow Capacity ◽  
Scavenge System ◽  
Phase Liquid

This work is the continuation of previous studies on gerotor-type pump performance in turbofan engine oil systems operated as feed pumps in single-phase liquid oil. The focus here is on scavenge pumps whose role is to pump a mix of air and oil. This paper is intended to present the modifications that had to be made on the test rig from the previous studies to model a scavenge system and more generally to add two-phase flow capacity. The paper presents results from the first successful experimental test campaign. The aim is to characterize the performance of a typical pump, already tested as a feed pump, in the scavenge system. The critical performance parameter studied is the volumetric efficiency which determines the size and weight of the pump. This paper ends by drawing conclusions on the rig and the results, and linking them with the previous single-phase flows studies.

scholarly journals Calculation of Hydraulic Resistance in the Case of a Diffuser and a Confuser in a Horizontal Pipe

2021 ◽  
Vol 137 (6) ◽  
pp. 62-64
Author(s):  
A. M. Khurmamatov ◽  
◽  
G. B. Rakhimov ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Hydraulic Resistance ◽  
Pressure Loss ◽  
Head Loss ◽  
Sudden Expansion ◽  
Horizontal Pipe ◽  
Rate Of Increase ◽  
Inner Diameter

The main results of the calculation of the head loss with a smooth expansion and narrowing of the horizontal pipe, which has the following geometric dimensions; - the inner diameter of the pipe with a narrowing of 25 mm and an expansion of 50 mm. The pressure loss of the smooth expansion of the pipe at an oil velocity of 0.2–1.0 m/s has a smooth rate of increase from 0.002 to 0.032 m. With a smooth narrowing of the pipe, the head loss is from 0.0021 to 0.024 m. That, during the movement of oil in a horizontal pipe, the head loss with a sudden expansion is 1.33 times greater than that of a sudden narrowing.

Investigation on the Effect of Different Channel Geometries of Thermal Wheel for Energy Transfer Efficiency

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
A.M.C.K. Polgolla ◽  
◽  
H.M.D.P. Herath ◽  
M.D.A. Wickramasinghe ◽  
M.A. Wijewardane ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Total Energy ◽  
Pressure Loss ◽  
Energy Savings ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
The United States ◽  
Total Energy Consumption ◽  
Final Energy Consumption ◽  
Air Conditioning Systems ◽  
Air Streams

Inside buildings, heating, ventilation, and air conditioning systems are utilized to provide a comfortable environment. However, they account for a significant percentage of overall total energy consumption: in the United States, they account for about 50% of building final energy consumption and 20% of total energy consumption. [1]. The installation of a heat exchanger between the exhaust and fresh air streams is critical, owing to the significant energy savings. [2], [3]. Thermal wheels have recently gotten a lot of attention because of their high efficiency and low-pressure loss when compared to other energy recovery solutions [4]. The goal of this research is to give a comprehensive study and optimization of Thermal wheel design, with the goal of enhancing sensible effectiveness while reducing pressure loss based on channel shape.

INVESTIGATION OF THE INFLUENCE OF THE FLOW STRUCTURE ON THE COEFFICIENT OF HYDRAULIC RESISTANCE

2021 ◽  
pp. 129-133
Author(s):  
T. V. Dikhtyar ◽  
O. N. Zaitsev ◽  
K. S. Dikhtyar ◽  
I. P. Angeluk
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Heat Loss ◽  
Hydraulic Resistance ◽  
Flow Structure ◽  
Closed Circuit ◽  
Working Medium ◽  
Reduce Heat Loss ◽  
Coefficient Of Hydraulic Resistance ◽  
The Future ◽  
The Creation

During the movement along a closed circuit, the working flow has to overcome a certain hydraulic resistance. Any pipeline communication has not only straight sections, but also turns, branches, for the creation of which various fittings are used. And shut-off valves are installed to regulate the flow of the working medium. All this creates resistance, so it is very important to perform a number of calculations before starting the installation of the pipeline, including determining the hydraulic resistance. This will allow to reduce heat loss in the future and, accordingly, avoid unnecessary energy consumption.

scholarly journals Unconventional methods for pressure loss reduction in standard pipe elements

2018 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 355-361
Author(s):  
Gábor Gönczi
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Numerical Modelling ◽  
Production Technology ◽  
Pressure Loss ◽  
Design Method ◽  
Loss Reduction ◽  
Energy Usage ◽  
Reduce Energy Consumption ◽  
Water Pumps ◽  
Unconventional Methods

Abstract Reduction of pressure at pump houses are the most feasible and most advantageous as the pipe design method that is used, is more than 200 years old and is based up on 19th century production technology. My research focuses on a general approach on improving and reducing the pressure loss of these pipe elements with the help of non-conventional methods, thus resulting in a lower and more optimal energy usage of pump houses. The problematic zones are identified with the help of numerical modelling, geometry changes can be made and tested the same method. The geometrical changes aiming at pressure loss reduction follow non-conventional ideas, form hemodynamic and other biomechanics sources. Pipes in the pump houses are designed, for more than 50 years of operation. Even a small pressure loss reduction with this new method will mean large amount of energy saving in total. The results show that 15%–60% of pressure loss reduction is feasible, according to the complexity of the geometry. Pressure loss reduction will reduce energy consumption of water pumps which will result in a more efficient water works operation.

Axial Swirler Outlet Shroud Influence on Premixed Combustion NOx Emissions for All the Combustion Airflow Passing Through the Swirler

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gordon E. Andrews ◽  
Nasser T. Ahmad
Keyword(s):  
Pressure Loss ◽  
Recirculation Zone ◽  
Premixed Combustion ◽  
Inlet Temperature ◽  
Outer Diameter ◽  
Nox Emissions ◽  
Flow Capacity ◽  
Flame Development ◽  
Vane Angle ◽  
Outlet Orifice

A 76mm diameter combustor with single axial flat 8 bladed swirlers of 30°, 45° and 60° vane angle were investigated at a reference Mach number of 0.05 or combustion intensity of 20MW/(m2bar), which represents all the combustion air passing through the swirler. The influence of a swirler outlet shroud or outlet orifice plate was investigated. This increased the pressure loss and the outer dump expansion recirculation zone size, D/d, and these were the main influences on the combustion performance. The swirlers were very large relative to the combustor so that they had a high air flow capacity. They had the same outer diameter, d, of 70mm with a cylindrical combustor diameter, D, of 76mm, D/d = 1.1. These swirlers had a decreasing hub size as the vane angle was increased. There was no significant effect of the outlet shroud on the weak extinction. The presence of the shroud promoted more rapid flame development and this produced a reduction in HC and CO. This also reduced the prompt NOx due to the reduction in HC. The overall NOx was reduced as the axial swirler outlet shroud diameter was reduced. The trends were the same for all three swirler vane angles, but there was little advantage of using higher swirl number large vane angle swirlers when compared at the same pressure loss. The minimum NOx at 15% oxygen for premixed combustion at 1750K with 600K inlet temperature was 2ppm for 30° shrouded axial swirlers, 3ppm for 45° shrouded swirlers and 2.5ppm for 60° shrouded swirlers. However, a 45° unshrouded axial swirler with smaller central hub and large D/d had NOx emissions of 2ppm.

scholarly journals The gas flow dynamics in a separator with coaxially arranged pipes

2020 ◽  
Vol 329 ◽  
pp. 03035
Author(s):  
Vadim E. Zinurov ◽  
Andrey V. Dmitriev ◽  
Guzel R. Badretdinova ◽  
Rustem Ya. Bikkulov ◽  
Ilnur N. Madyshev
Keyword(s):  
Hydraulic Resistance ◽  
Flow Rate ◽  
Pressure Loss ◽  
Gas Flow ◽  
Resistance Coefficient ◽  
Centrifugal Separation ◽  
Gas Flow Rate ◽  
Ansys Fluent ◽  
Separation Device ◽  
Numerical Studies

In order to increase the efficiency of gas purification from the particles of up to 20 microns and to increase the service life of bag and electrostatic filters, the authors propose to use a centrifugal separation device with coaxially arranged pipes to be installed before the fine purification devices. The numerical studies of gas dynamics in a separation device were conducted in ANSYS Fluent software package. As a result of conducted numerical studies, it was found that the pressure loss in the centrifugal separation device is not more than 70 Pa at the inlet gas flow rate from 1 to 15 m/s and the width of rectangular hole within the range from 10 to 15 mm. The low pressure losses are caused by the design features; in particular, the resulting vortices in the inter-cylindrical space practically do not contact the wall surfaces of device. The equations of pressure loss depending on the width of rectangular holes and the hydraulic resistance coefficient of separation device depending on the inlet gas flow rate were obtained. The design coefficient of hydraulic resistance of separation device was equal to 0.45.

The Use of Tangential Offtakes for Energy Savings in Process Industries

1992 ◽  
Vol 206 (2) ◽  
pp. 99-109 ◽  
Author(s):  
T O'Doherty ◽  
M Biffin ◽  
N Syred
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Kinetic Energy ◽  
Pressure Loss ◽  
Energy Savings ◽  
Swirling Flows ◽  
Operating Costs ◽  
Pressure Recovery ◽  
Process Industries

Swirling flows occur in many processes within industry with little consideration given to pressure recovery. High tangential velocities occur in the exhaust nozzle which have been shown to persist for up to 20 pipe diameters downstream. This kinetic energy is dissipated by turbulence and friction and is unnecessarily lost. There is potential to recover this energy and reduce operating costs. This paper shows that a tangential offtake with associated diffuser can be used to recover up to 45 per cent of the pressure loss, with an accompanying reduction in energy consumption. It has particular application in the cement and process industries, and has been tested on a novel prototype cement raw meal preheater tower.

scholarly journals The Properties of Different Healing Agents Considering the Micro-Self-Healing Process of Asphalt with Encapsulations

Materials ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 16
Author(s):  
Benan Shu ◽  
Min Zhou ◽  
Tengyu Yang ◽  
Yongling Li ◽  
Yunlong Ma ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diffusion Process ◽  
Sunflower Oil ◽  
Capillary Flow ◽  
Healing Process ◽  
Waste Cooking Oil ◽  
The Self ◽  
Viscosity Reduction ◽  
Engine Oil ◽  
Self Healing ◽  
Flow Capacity

Improving the self-healing performance of asphalt by employing encapsulation technology is a topic of wide interest. This study investigated the performance of sunflower oil, engine oil, and waste cooking oil based on the microhealing mechanism of asphalt with compartmented polymeric fiber. Capillary flow, contact angle, Brookfield viscosity, bar thin layer chromatography, and fatigue–recovery–fatigue tests were conducted to characterize the capillary flow capacity, wetting ability, viscosity reduction ability, suitability of components, and performance restoration ability of the different kinds of healing agents. The diffusion process of sunflower oil in asphalt was simulated using molecular dynamics. The results showed that sunflower oil exhibited the best capillary flow capacity, viscosity reduction ability, and the fastest wetting rate in asphalt. Engine oil exhibited the largest wetting work and the best recovery performance related to fatigue. The diffusion process of sunflower oil in asphalt could be divided into two stages. Two major factors (aging and higher temperature) increased the diffusion rate of sunflower oil in asphalt. The comprehensive analysis showed that sunflower oil was the most suitable to be encapsulated to improve the self-healing performance of asphalt.

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