scholarly journals Methodological foundations and basic methods of studying the development of agricultural sector under conditions of globalization

Author(s):  
Yuri Kyrylov

The impact of globalization and integration processes on the national economy demands both the development of sophisticated techniques, review and justification of appropriate methods of studying the agricultural sector and the identification of promising areas under new conditions. The article substantiates the need for creating new methodological principles of the agricultural sector’s development in the context of globalization and outlines the general methods of its study under new conditions. Application of the proposed methodology and methods will make it possible to carry out a systematic analysis of the current state of the agricultural sector in Ukraine at the appropriate level and to work up practical proposals for its further development in the context of globalization.

2020 ◽  
pp. 145-150
Author(s):  
Kateryna Voloschuk ◽  
Vitalii Voloshchuk ◽  
Andrii Katsan

Purpose. The aim of the article is theoretical substantiation of the essence of investment attractiveness, analysis of trends and identification of opportunities for further development of agro-industrial enterprises. Methodology of research. General and special methods are used during the research, in particular: monographic and systematic analysis – to substantiate the essence of investment attractiveness and to determine the possibilities of further development of agro-industrial enterprises; abstract and logical and graphic – in forming the conceptual bases for investing in the development of enterprises. Findings. The essence of investing in the development of enterprises as a system of actions to attract real and potential internal and external investment resources, sources, levers and measures, taking into account the institutional and factor influence on the given course of investment processes in the short, medium and long term, is determined on the basis of generalization of scientific approaches which leads to qualitative, quantitative and structural changes in the production and economic activity of agro-industrial enterprises on an innovative basis, achieving a high result in the case of coordination and consolidation of efforts of business structures and bodies of state power and local self-government, solving problems and prioritizing investments by the nature of strategic orientation. The necessity of providing investment development of enterprises is considered taking into account the influence of peculiarities of investing material, intangible and bioactive assets on an innovative basis, which determine the scientific theoretical and methodological approaches and applied aspects, strategic importance of the basic and life-supporting branch of the national economy. The rating positions of the investment attractiveness of Ukraine in the international studies of the economic development of the countries are revealed as rather weak and not the best. However, at the same time, it is revealed that Ukraine has significant investment and human potential, the effective use of which may be a prerequisite for gradual enhancement of the country's international competitiveness in world rankings. We believe that global international rankings should be seen as additional tools for making investment decision. It is determined that at present the most pressing problem for foreign investors remains the protection of their rights and the ability (easiness) of doing business. Therefore, the efforts of the state should be directed to solving problems in the commercial sphere and forming a favourable business environment, increasing investment in the agricultural sector, stabilizing sources and optimizing capital structures, ensuring efficient distribution of investments in the formation of assets of agricultural producers by their size. Originality. The definition of the essence of investing in the development of agro-industrial enterprises has been further developed; the scheme of conceptual bases for ensuring the investment attractiveness and opportunities for further development has been formed, taking into account the impact of the current global economic recession. Practical value. The results of the study can be used to expand the base, diversify sources and increase the volume of investment with the introduction of the land market, in the process of creating and commercializing innovations and activation of innovative development of agro-industrial enterprises, the main priorities of which should be the realization of internal production factors. Key words: investments, innovations, development, enterprise, attractiveness, commercialization, efficiency.


2020 ◽  
pp. 158-164
Author(s):  
Mykola Kravchenko

Purpose. The aim of the article is substantiation of theoretical and methodological principles and development of practical recommendations for the formation and implementation of innovative technologies in the production of agricultural enterprises. Methodology of research. General-scientific and special research methods are used in the process of research, in particular methods: dialectics and scientific abstraction – in determining the essence of the innovative model of development of the agricultural sector of the economy; economic and statistical – when analysing the current state of implementation of innovative technologies in the agricultural sector of Ukraine; monographic – used in presenting the results of the study. Findings. Theoretical bases of formation of innovative mechanisms and their introduction in agrarian sector are covered. Theoretical and methodological approaches to the management of innovative technologies in the production of agricultural enterprises have been formed. Organizational and economic measures for the introduction of innovative technologies in the production of agricultural enterprises are substantiated. Originality. The mechanism of introduction of innovative technologies in agricultural production in the conditions of unfavourable investment environment in Ukraine is improved, which in contrast to the existing mechanisms provides integration of state instruments of support and regulation of the industry and implementation of state and regional programs at the expense of state and local budgets. In the paper it is offered to allocate production-technological, organizational-administrative, selection genetic, economic and social-ecological mechanisms of integration of innovation in various subsystems of agricultural sector. The production and technological mechanism is a priority in providing state support for the development of animal husbandry and processing of agricultural products. Practical value. Scientific developments will allow to form in Ukraine an effectively functioning agro-industrial complex with optimal financing based on the introduction of innovative technologies in the production of agricultural enterprises. Key words: innovation, methodical approaches, agricultural sector, advantages, technologies, production.


2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (2.28) ◽  
pp. 234 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karolina Kuligowska ◽  
Paweł Kisielewicz ◽  
Aleksandra Włodarz

The present speech synthesis systems can be successfully used for a wide range of diverse purposes. However, there are serious and important limitations in using various synthesizers. Many of these problems can be identified and resolved. The aim of this paper is to present the current state of development of speech synthesis systems and to examine their drawbacks and limitations. The paper dis-cusses the current classification, construction and functioning of speech synthesis systems, which gives an insight into synthesizers implemented so far. The analysis of disadvantages and limitations of speech synthesis systems focuses on identification of weak points of these systems, namely: the impact of emotions and prosody, spontaneous speech in terms of naturalness and intelligibility, preprocessing and text analysis, problem of ambiguity, natural sounding, adaptation to the situation, variety of systems, sparsely spoken languages, speech synthesis for older people, and some other minor limitations. Solving these problems stimulates further development of speech synthesis domain. 


2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 6-12
Author(s):  
V.V. Polyakov ◽  

Natural resource capital is the most important tool in the process of reproduction activity of both enter-prises and all sectors of national economy. Therefore, the impact of the economic component, which ensures the formation of an effective mechanism for the reproduction of such resource capital is of crucial importance in the overall system of socio-economic development of the country. The dynamism of this process is about the progressive development of economy which must ensure the increasing role of natural resource capital in the formation of effective activities of all sectors of the national economy as a whole, including every individual enterprise, regardless the emerging forms of owner-ship. In this regard, the influence of decupling on the formation of a mechanism for the effective reproduction of natural resource capital in the specific agricultural sector becomes extremely important.


New Medit ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  

Agriculture is a sector that is widely known to be impacted not only by the natural conditions of a country but also by other economic and political sectors. Turkish agriculture, in a context marked in recent years by a rural exodus of young people, marks the vagueness of the current state of the agricultural sector and its future. It is with this in mind that this research was carried out, based on a questionnaire survey of 312 producers in 5 provinces of Turkey, to assess the impact of the ageing of the rural population on the agricultural sector. The results of this study show that with age, producers invest less in agricultural activity, altogether abandoning productions requiring more labour. The possibility of taking over the family farm by descendants plays an important role in the degree of involvement of producers. Through these findings, this study makes it possible to address targeted agricultural policies according to age stages.


2014 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 38-54
Author(s):  
Wei Jia ◽  
Xiaoyun Liu

Purpose – What this paper aims to tackle is how much did the return of rural migrant labor during the financial crisis affect China's GDP and the growth rate of the national economy. Design/methodology/approach – This paper constructs a computable general equilibrium (CGE) model and uses data of China's 2007 Input-Output Table to analyze the impact of the return of rural migrant labor on China's economy during the financial crisis. Findings – The results show that the return of rural migrant labor during the financial crisis had substantial impacts on China's economy. The national GDP decreased by about 0.499-1.463 percent, mainly due to the number of rural labor who migrated from the non-agricultural sector to agriculture. Of the major sectors of economy, the manufacturing, construction and other services sectors were the most affected. Originality/value – This paper assesses the impacts of return of rural migrant labor during the financial crisis on China's GDP and the growth rate of the national economy.


Author(s):  
Elena Gushchina ◽  
Valeria Vinogradova

The role of insurance in a person’s life is undoubtedly great because it serves as the most effective tool in case of loss of property, health problems, business protection, etc. The purpose of the article is to assess the current state of the insurance market in Russia and identify problems that arise during its functioning. The research methodology consists in summarizing and comparing data characterizing various components of the insurance market. The article analyzes the current state of the insurance market in Russia with a falling number of insurers by more than 20 % over the past 3 years, the share of top insurers continues to grow every year, over the past 3 years the growth has amounted to 12 %. Calculations that indicate a change in the level of concentration in the insurance market of the Russian Federation have been made. Based on the results of the analysis, it was concluded that there is monopolistic competition in the market. The main factors influencing the level of competition in the market under consideration, namely, barriers to entry into the industry and their impact, were studied Due to the relevance of the research, the analysis of the impact the pandemic has on the Russian insurance market was carried out and the prospects for the development of the market were considered. Identifying the weaknesses of insurers made it possible to determine the priority areas for further development: intensive digital transformation of business, marketing, advertising.


2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 329-350
Author(s):  
Halyna Davydovska ◽  
Oleksiy Petruchenko ◽  
Volodymyr Yanin

In this article, the authors tried to consider and structure the stages of development and creation of the “Yermak”, the world's first Arctic icebreaker, and analyzed the stages of preparation and the results of its first expeditions to explore the Arctic. Systematic analysis of historical sources and biographical material allowed to separate and comprehensively consider the conditions and prehistory for the development and creation of “Yermak” icebreaker. Also, the authors gave an assessment to the role of Vice Admiral Stepan Osypovych Makarov in those events, and analyzed the role of Sergei Yulyevich Witte, Dmitri Ivanovich Mendeleev and Pyotr Petrovich Semenov-Tian-Shansky in the preparation and implementation of the first Arctic expeditions of the “Yermak”icebreaker. In addition, the authors considered and analyzed the assessment of Vice Admiral Stepan Osypovych Makarov and his personal contribution to the results of the first Arctic expeditions of the “Yermak”icebreaker made by Baron Ferdinand von Wrangel. The first polar expeditions showed that the idea of Vice Admiral Stepan Osypovych Makarov about the icebreaker fleet was viable and required further development. It is shown that the results of the first Arctic expeditions made by “Yermak” allowed to significantly develop knowledge in various scientific fields of Arctic and Earth research, namely, topography, astronomy, meteorology, hydrology, geology, magnetism, zoology, and botany. The use of these methods and approaches to scientific research allowed to retrace the way of life and professional activity of Vice Admiral Stepan Osypovych Makarov’s systematically and critically evaluate the sources used, highlight the main points in the current state of studying the subject and the results of predecessors, specify the most promising directions of research, give a description of the previous works on this issue and clearly distinguish issues that have not yet been resolved.


Author(s):  
S. Ulyhanets ◽  
L. Melnyk ◽  
О. Kravchuk ◽  
Т. Melnyk

The essence of natural and industrial safety is revealed. The sources and and types of dangers are described. Particular attention is paid to environmental safety. Regional characteristics of natural and man-made threats of Ukraine are spotlighted. The threats to natural and man-made disasters related to terrain features, climate, geology, economy specialization are identified here. Results of the analysis of natural and man-made threats indicate that the current state of environmental safety in most regions of Ukraine is almost at the required level. Particular attention is drawn to the objects of nuclear, chemical, metallurgy, mining, civil engineering, transportation systems. The negative influence of natural and technogenic safety on agriculture in Ukraine is shown as well. The main directions of environmental protection in agriculture are outlined. A need to provide a concrete and realistic plan to minimize the impact on the risks associated with natural and man-made hazards is identified. Economic development and natural and man-made threats in the country at the present stage is characterized by dynamic changes and complex relationships that contribute to the formation of large risks in the environmental security of the state. Significant processes are i significantly impeded by the deepening global financial and economic crisis, significantly limits the ability of the state to prevent and neutralize threats of natural and man-made origin.


Author(s):  
Елена Федулова ◽  
Elena Fedulova ◽  
Светлана Кононова ◽  
Svetlana Kononova ◽  
Никита Вакутин ◽  
...  

The subject. The article is devoted to the analysis of the current state of agriculture as a branch of the economy of the Kemerovo region and to the identification of the prospects for its further development. The goal and tasks. The paper features the tendencies of the development of agriculture in the Kemerovo region. It asserts the role of agriculture in the economy of the region. The methodology. The research involves scientific methods of obtaining knowledge (retrospective and comparative analysis, synthesis, induction, deduction), allowing one to obtain reliable and valid results of the study. The results. The paper analyses the structure of agricultural products in terms of categories of farms and nomenclature over the past five years. It estimates the dynamics of the development of agriculture in the region, namely, the production of poultry and livestock, the size of cultivated areas, and the number of livestock. Positive trends in the development of the industry have been singled out, as well as problems interfering with the development of agriculture in the Kuzbass. The article describes the measures implemented within the framework of the Strategy of Social and Economic Development of the Kemerovo Region until 2025 in the field of agricultural management. The conclusions and significance. The study has made it possible to identify the key problems of the development of the Kuzbass agricultural sector, including management problems on the farms, and to propose measures to improve the efficiency of agriculture in the region.


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