scholarly journals Antioxidant, Antibacterial Activity and GC-MS Analysis of Extract of Giant Forest Ant Dinomyrmex gigas (Latreille, 1802)

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 263-277
Author(s):  
Evana - Evana ◽  
Pratiwi Pratiwi ◽  
Ahmad Fathoni ◽  
Oscar Efendi ◽  
Andria Agusta
Keyword(s):  
Ethyl Oleate ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Chemical Compounds ◽  
Antibacterial Activities ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Methanolic Extracts ◽  
Ms Analysis ◽  
Ic50 Values ◽  
Weak Activity

 Giant forest ant Dinomyrmex gigas is one of the largest ants species in the world, native to the rain forests of Southeast Asia. It is known that ants have glands that produce chemical compounds that inhibit the growth of microbes. Therefore, it is necessary to deter-mine the antioxidant and antibacterial activities as well as identify the chemical compounds of D. gigas extract. D. gigas was extracted successively with n-hexane, ethanol and methanol. The antioxidant activity was evaluated by determination of the half-maximal inhibi-tory concentration (IC50) values while the antibacterial activities of the extracts were determined by measuring the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC). The results exhibited that the IC50 values of n-hexane, ethanolic and methanolic extracts were 336.18±0.0984, 89.16±0.0219 and 90.72±0.0894 μg/mL respectively. The ethanolic extract exhibited the highest AAI value (0.34) followed by metha-nolic extract (0.33) and n-hexane extract (0.09). Based on AAI val-ues, the extracts were classified as moderate antioxidants. The best MIC values were 625 μg/mL for both ethanolic and methanolic ex-tracts against S. aureus, while MIC values of all extracts against E. coli were >625 μg/mL. Based on MIC values, all of the extracts presented weak activity against both S. aureus and E.coli. The GC-MS analysis showed that there are up to 30 compounds construct-ed of the ethanolic extract. Three major compounds are ethyl oleate  (29.78%), n-hexadecanoic acid (17.54%) and oleic acid (10.65%). 

scholarly journals Antibacterial Activity and Chemical Composition of Turkish Propolis

2001 ◽  
Vol 56 (11-12) ◽  
pp. 1112-1115 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nevin Keskin ◽  
Selçuk Hazir ◽  
K. Hüsnü Can Baser ◽  
Mine Kürkçüoglu
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Chemical Compounds ◽  
Antibacterial Activities ◽  
Fatty Acid Esters ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Weak Activity ◽  
Gram Positive Cocci ◽  
Acid Esters

Abstract The antibacterial activities of propolis samples have been examined in vitro, according to the principles accepted for the determination of a similar activity of antibiotics with the use of solid and liquid media. It has been found that propolis extracts showed antibacterial activity through a range of commonly encountered gram positive cocci (5. aureus, beta hem. Streptococus), but had weak activity against gram negative bacteria (E . coli, P. aeruginosa). GC/MS analysis showed that propolis samples contain a variety of chemical compounds in­ cluding aromatic compounds, fatty acid esters and sesquiterpenes.

scholarly journals The Effect of Landscape Altitude on Antibacterial activities in Ethanolic Extract of Cocoa leaf (Theobroma cacao)

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 242-246
Author(s):  
Rasidah
Keyword(s):  
High Altitude ◽  
Theobroma Cacao ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Antibacterial Activities ◽  
Lower Altitude ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Low Altitude ◽  
And Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Theobroma Cacao L

Cocoa is one of the leading plantation commodities in Indonesia. The part of cocoa trees that can be found in abundance is the leaf. The leaves cut out of cocoa trees are utilized by some farmers in composting, when in fact cocoa leaves have a great potential to be processed into health care products. The present study aims to determine the effect of high altitude landscape on antibacterial activities in ethanolic extract of cocoa leaves (Theobroma cacao, L). For the experiment, we employed a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) that is divided into 3 treatments—Aqua Dest (Control), ethanolic extract of high-altitude cocoa leaves (P1), and ethanolic extract of low-altitude cocoa leaves (P2)—repeated 5 times. The results show that the largest resistance zones of Eschericia coli and staphylococcus aureus are created by ethanolic extract of high-altitude cocoa leaves with the size of 19.96 mm and 20.52 mm, respectively. Our ANOVA test shows that extracts of both high- and low-altitude cocoa leaves have an effect on the growth of S.aureus (P = 0,000) and E. coli (P = 0,000) bacteria. From Duncan’s test we can conclude that ethanolic extract of high-altitude cocoa leaves differs significantly (P<0.05) from its lower altitude counterpart in inhibiting the growth of E.coli and S.aureus bacteria.

scholarly journals Evaluation of the Antibacterial Activity of 5-(thiophen-2-yl)-1H-tetrazole and Its Oxime Derivative against ATCC Reference Strains and Strains Isolated from the Hospital Environment of a Provincial Public Hospital in the City of Fez

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 16-24
Author(s):  
Sara Hajib ◽  
Mohamed Hssaini ◽  
Anouar Alami ◽  
Hicham Bekkari ◽  
Najoua Benchemsi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Bacterial Resistance ◽  
Antibacterial Activities ◽  
Bactericidal Effect ◽  
Hospital Environment ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Tetrazole Derivatives ◽  
Reference Strains

Bacterial resistance to antibiotics and disinfectants has become a real concern. The hospital presents a favorable environment for the colonization and development of bacteria resistant to antibiotics and disinfectants. The search for new antimicrobial compounds is essential to combat this phenomenon. Tetrazole derivatives may represent a solution due to their interesting antibacterial activity. In this work, two tetrazole derivatives; thiophene-2-carbaldehyde (T2C) and 5-(thiophen-2-yl)-1H-tetrazole (5TPh-1HT), were evaluated for their antibacterial activities against a set of reference strains and strains isolated from the hospital environment. The antibacterial effect was studied by the disc diffusion method and by determination of MIC and MBC. The 5-(thiophen-2-yl)-1H-tetrazole (5TPh-1HT) has a broader spectrum of activity than its oxime derivative (T2C). The latter has bactericidal activity only on gram-negative Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa with MICs ranging from 0.62 mg/ml to 2.5 mg/ml, while 5TPh-1HT has a bactericidal effect on all strains with MICs ranging from 0.62 mg/ml to 1.25 mg/ml. Both products have a significant inhibitory activity on the strains tested in particular E. coli H, S. aureus H, P. aeruginosa and Streptococcus spp A. It was found that these activities vary depending on the microbial strain tested and the product applied.

scholarly journals IN VITRO ANTIBACTERIAL ACTIVITY OF ETHANOLIC EXTRACT OF SEEDPOD AND QUERCETIN OF NELUMBO NUCIFERA GAERTN

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 164
Author(s):  
Ruvanthika Pn ◽  
Manikandan S
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Antibacterial Activities ◽  
Nelumbo Nucifera ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
E Coli ◽  
In Vitro Antibacterial Activity

Objective: The objective of the study was to evaluate whether ethanolic extracts of Nelumbo nucifera (EENN) seedpod and quercetin (active component of NN) possess antibacterial proprieties against Gram (-) bacteria such as Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Gram (+) bacteria such as Staphylococcus aureus. Methods: Antibacterial activities of EENN seedpod and quercetin were investigated using disc diffusion method, minimum inhibitory concentration against E. coli and P. aeruginosa and Gram (+) bacteria such as S. aureus. Results: The antibacterial activity of both EENN seedpod and quercetin was found to be increased in dose-dependent manner. The maximum zone of inhibition was exhibited by both EENN seedpod and quercetin against E. coli (14 mm and 15 mm) and P. aeruginosa (13 mm and 15 mm). Gram-negative bacteria were more susceptible to the EENN seedpod extract and quercetin than Gram-positive bacteria.Conclusion: The results of the present study suggested that the effect of EENN seedpod and quercetin against the tested bacteria in vitro may contribute to the in vivo activities of the EENN seedpod and quercetin.

scholarly journals In Vitro Pharmacological Activities and GC-MS Analysis of Different Solvent Extracts ofLantana camaraLeaves Collected from Tropical Region of Malaysia

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mallappa Kumara Swamy ◽  
Uma Rani Sinniah ◽  
Mohd. Sayeed Akhtar
Keyword(s):  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Chemical Constituents ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Acid Methyl Ester ◽  
Antibacterial Activities ◽  
Tropical Region ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Gram Positive Bacteria ◽  
Ms Analysis

We investigated the effect of different solvents (ethyl acetate, methanol, acetone, and chloroform) on the extraction of phytoconstituents fromLantana camaraleaves and their antioxidant and antibacterial activities. Further, GC-MS analysis was carried out to identify the bioactive chemical constituents occurring in the active extract. The results revealed the presence of various phytocompounds in the extracts. The methanol solvent recovered higher extractable compounds (14.4% of yield) and contained the highest phenolic (92.8 mg GAE/g) and flavonoid (26.5 mg RE/g) content. DPPH radical scavenging assay showed the IC50value of 165, 200, 245, and 440 μg/mL for methanol, ethyl acetate, acetone, and chloroform extracts, respectively. The hydroxyl scavenging activity test showed the IC50value of 110, 240, 300, and 510 μg/mL for methanol, ethyl acetate, acetone, and chloroform extracts, respectively. Gram negative bacterial pathogens (E. coliandK. pneumoniae) were more susceptible to all extracts compared to Gram positive bacteria (M. luteus,B. subtilis, andS. aureus). Methanol extract had the highest inhibition activity against all the tested microbes. Moreover, methanolic extract ofL. camaracontained 32 bioactive components as revealed by GC-MS study. The identified major compounds included hexadecanoic acid (5.197%), phytol (4.528%), caryophyllene oxide (4.605%), and 9,12,15-octadecatrienoic acid, methyl ester, (Z,Z,Z)- (3.751%).

scholarly journals Antibacterial Potential of Ethanolic and Aqueous Extracts of Carica papaya Leaves

2020 ◽  
pp. 33-38 ◽  
Author(s):  
Augustine I. Airaodion ◽  
John A. Ekenjoku ◽  
Ime U. Akaninyene ◽  
Anthony U. Megwas
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Extract ◽  
Carica Papaya ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Antibacterial Activities ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Aqueous Extracts ◽  
Filter Paper Disc ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Zones Of Inhibition ◽  
Antibacterial Potential

Background: The search for newer sources of antibiotics is a global challenge pre-occupying research institutions, pharmaceutical companies and academia, since many infectious agents are becoming resistant to synthetic drugs. Aim: This present study sought to investigate the antibacterial potential of ethanolic and aqueous extracts of Carica papaya leaves. Materials and Methods: Fresh and healthy leaves of C. papaya were harvested, air dried and milled into powder. The powder was extracted using ethanol and water as solvents. The antibacterial activities of both extracts were determined by diffusion method. Nutrient agar medium was prepared using standard method. Pure cultures of Coliform bacillus, Staphylococcus epidermidis, Streptococcus viridans, Salmonella typhi and Escherichia coli were obtained from the Department of Veterinary Microbiology and Parasitology, Federal University of Agriculture, Abeokuta, Nigeria. The extracts were serially diluted to obtain 1.0%, 0.5%, 0.25% and 0.125% solutions in sterile test tubes. Sterilized 9 mm filter paper disc soaked in the diluted extracts were placed on the plate and incubated for 24 hours at room temperature. The plates were examined for clear zones of inhibition. Presence of zones of inhibition indicated activity. Results: the results showed that both ethanolic and aqueous extracts of C. papaya leaves exhibit antibacterial activities against C. bacillus, S. epidemidis, S. viridans and E. coli and also inhibited their growth. The effect of the ethanolic extract was greater than that of the aqueous extract. However, this activity was not observed with S. typhi. Conclusion: The result of the present study showed that C. papaya leaves might effectively inhibit the growth of C. bacillus, S. epidemidis, S. viridans and E. coli but not that of S. typhi. However, the ethanolic extract is more potent than the aqueous extract.

scholarly journals DETERMINATION OF ANTIOXIDANT CAPACITY AND GALLIC ACID CONTENT IN ETHANOLIC EXTRACT OF PUNICA GRANATUM L. LEAF

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 319
Author(s):  
Sreedevi P ◽  
Vijayalakshmi K
Keyword(s):  
Gallic Acid ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Reducing Power ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Punica Granatum ◽  
Hplc Method ◽  
Ic50 Values

 Objective: The present research work was carried out to evaluate the antioxidant potential of ethanolic extract of Punica granatum leaf (EPGL) that belongs to the family of Punicaceae and determine its gallic acid (GA) content using chromatography method.Methods: Six complementary test systems, namely, 1,1-diphenyl 2-picryl hydrazine (DPPH), hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), superoxide (SO), nitric oxide (NO), hydroxyl (OH) radical scavenging, and reducing power activities were analyzed for determining antioxidant activity of EPGL. The simple and novel chromatography techniques such as thin-layer chromatography (TLC) and high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) were used for the detection and quantification of GA in EPGL.Results: IC50 values of EPGL were found to be 136 μg/ml for DPPH, 88.5 μg/ml for H2O2, 16.8 μg/ml for SO, 96.5 μg/ml for NO, and 143 μg/ml for OH. The ascorbic acid (AA) and GA were used as standard compounds. The absorbance of EPGL in reducing power assay was found to be 0.18 at 100 μg/ ml, while AA and GA absorbance was found to be 0.24 and 0.4 at the same concentration. The amount of GA in EPGL was found to be 1.189 mg/g.Conclusion: These findings suggested that EPGL could be a potential source of natural antioxidant, and HPLC method used for the determination of GA is simple, precise, accurate, and suitable for routine analysis of GA in EPGL.

scholarly journals DETERMINATION OF VOLATILE BIOACTIVE COMPOUNDS FROM EXTRACTS OF BAEL (AEGLE MARMELOS) PLANT PARTS AND THEIR COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 393
Author(s):  
Nidhi Sharma ◽  
Widhi Dubey
Keyword(s):  
Bioactive Compounds ◽  
Dibutyl Phthalate ◽  
Methanol Extract ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Aegle Marmelos ◽  
Fruit Peel ◽  
Plant Parts ◽  
Methanolic Extracts ◽  
Ms Analysis

 Objective: The main objective of this study is to determine the bioactive compounds from the extracts of wildly growing Aegle marmelos plant parts.Methods: A. marmelos root, stem, leaves, bark, fruit peel, and pulp were screened for the presence/absence of phytochemicals. Bioactive compounds in all the plant parts were analyzed by gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC/MS) analysis. For evaluation of bioactive compounds first, the column chromatography was done using various solvents and found that the methanolic extracts gave better elution and separation of compounds and hence used further for GC/MS analysis.Result: GC/MS analysis revealed chromatograms of methanol extract of A. marmelos plant parts, and all the plant parts were found to have a number of phytochemicals. Some compounds, namely, benzene, nitro-, benzenepropanoic acid, 3, 5-bis (1, 1-dimethylethyl)-4-hydroxy-, methyl ester, and tetradecene were found in all parts with a varying percentage. Phenol only found in the fruit of the plant with more percentage in fruit peel (4.38%) than in fruit pulp (0.58%). Dibutyl phthalate is the major compound found in Aegle root (10.43%), fruit peel (34.56%), and pulp (13.18%). Other important compounds such as coumarin (2H-1-Benzopyran-2-one, 7-[(3,7-dimethyl-2,6-octadienyl)oxy]-, (E)-), skimmianine (Furo[2,3-b] quinoline, 4,7,8-trimethoxy-), and cyclobarbital were found in plant root.Conclusion: After the GC/MS analysis, it was concluded that all the parts of this wildly growing plant contain a significant amount of pharmaceutically important compounds.

scholarly journals Anchoring silver nanoparticles on imidazolium-based poly(ionic liquid)s with engineered nanopores as an efficient carrier for anticancer drug controlled delivery with antimicrobial effect

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ehsan Aliakbari ◽  
Reza Eghdam Zamiri ◽  
Mehri Mahdavi ◽  
Vahid Yousefi
Keyword(s):  
Drug Delivery ◽  
Silver Nanoparticles ◽  
Ionic Liquid ◽  
Antimicrobial Effect ◽  
Antibacterial Activities ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Ft Ir ◽  
Poly Ionic Liquid

Abstract Due to the significance of drug delivery, the design of novel progressive nanomaterials for targeting drug delivery is a significant role in pharmacotherapy, as this method is supposed to reach a more exact target. One of the most distinguished materials by researchers is the poly ionic liquid (PIL), which have been used as anticancer drugs carriers and notably improve the antitumor effect and half-life. In this work, an efficient and stable nanocarrier containing silver nanoparticle, which were well distributed throughout the ionic liquid-based copolymer network (PILP-Ag), was reported for the drug delivery with antimicrobial effect. PILP was synthesized by radical silver nanoparticles was anchored into PIL voids by in-situ reduction, which enrich the adsorption capability of drug and antimicrobial effect of the nanocarrier. The synthesized nanomaterials were characterized by various techniques such as BET, TGA, SEM, TEM, AAS and FT-IR spectroscopy. The antibacterial activities of the silver-containing PIL against both S. aureus and E. coli were studied by determination of the minimum inhibitory concentration and Minimum Bactericidal Concentration.

scholarly journals Anticholinergic, Antidiabetic and Antioxidant Activities of Ferula orientalis L. Determination of Its Polyphenol Contents by LC-HRMS

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (6) ◽  
pp. 513-528
Author(s):  
Hatice Kızıltaş ◽  
Zeynebe Bingöl ◽  
Ahmet C. Gören ◽  
Saleh H. Alwasel ◽  
İlhami Gülçin
Keyword(s):  
Metal Ion ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Water Extract ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Scavenging Activity ◽  
Ic50 Values ◽  
Dpph Scavenging Activity ◽  
Dpph Scavenging

To evaluate the antioxidant activity of evaporated ethanolic extract of Ferula orientalis L. (EEFO) and lyophilized water extract of Ferula orientalis L. (WEFO) several in vitro antioxidant methods such as ABTS•+ scavenging activity, DPPH· scavenging activity, Fe3+reduction method, cupric ions (Cu2+) reduction capacity, and metal ion (Fe2+)-binding activities using ferrozine reagent were separately performed. Also, BHT, α-tocopherol and ascorbic acid were used as the standard antioxidant molecules. Moreover, some phenolic compounds that are responsible for antioxidant abilities of EEFO and WEFO were determined by LC-HRMS. EEFO and WEFO demonstrated effective antioxidant abilities when compared with the standards. EEFO demonstrated IC50 values of 1.946 µg/mL against acetylcholinesterase (AChE), 0.815 µg/mL against α-glycosidase, and 0.675 µg/mL against α-amylase.

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