scholarly journals TINGKAT PARTISIPASI MASYARAKAT DALAM PELAKSANAAN PENGEMBANGAN USAHA MINA PEDESAAN (PUMP) PENGOLAHAN DAN PEMASARAN HASIL PERIKANAN

2016 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 125
Author(s):  
Rismutia Hayu Deswati ◽  
Riesti Triyanti
Keyword(s):  
Community Participation ◽  
Program Implementation ◽  
Development Program ◽  
Business Development ◽  
Survey Method ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Planning Stage ◽  
Participation Level ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Chi Square Analysis

Partisipasi masyarakat merupakan hal penting dalam keberhasilan pelaksanan program Pengembangan Usaha Mina Pedesaan Pengolah dan Pemasar Hasil Perikanan (PUMP P2HP) di Indonesia. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk (1) Mengidentifikasi tingkat partisipasi masyarakat dalam pelaksanaan program; (2) Mengidentifikasi perbedaan tingkat partisipasi masyarakat dan faktorfaktor yang mempengaruhi tingkat partisipasi masyarakat dalam pelaksanaan PUMP P2HP. Penelitian menggunakan metode survei di 6 lokasi yaitu Kabupaten Cirebon, Kabupaten Tangerang, Kota Aceh, Kota Sibolga, Kota Makasar dan Kabupaten Banjar. Metode analisis data yang digunakan adalah deskriptif frekuensi untuk mengetahui tingkat partisipasi dan faktor yang mempengaruhi serta analisis chi square untuk melihat perbedaan partisipasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan tingkat partisipasi masyarakat pada tahap persiapan di 6 lokasi masuk kategori sedang senilai 58%, pada tahap pelaksanaan masuk kategori tinggi dengan skor 77% dan tahap evaluasi masuk kategori sedang dengan capaian skor 64%. Analisis chi square menunjukkan terdapat perbedaan tingkat partisipasi dengan faktor yang mempengaruhi adalah sosialisasi, pelatihan yang diikuti, workshop dan Kelompok Usaha Kelautan dan Perikanan (KUKP). Berdasarkan hasil tersebut rekomendasi yang disarankan bahwa untuk menunjang keberhasilan program PUMP P2HP diperlukan partisipasi masyarakat mulai dari tahap persiapan hingga akhir.(Community Participation Level in the Implementation of Processing and Marketing Business Development Program)Community participation is essential in the success of program implementation of program on fisheries business development at village level the Processing and Marketing Business Development Program (PUMP-P2HP) in Indonesia. This study aims to 1). Identifyng the level of community participation in the implementation of the program; 2). Identifyng the difference in the level of community participation and the factors that affect the level of community participation in the implementation of P2HP PUMP. The research using survey method in 6 locations: Cirebon, Tangerang, Aceh, Sibolga, Makasar and Banjar. Data analysis method used descriptive frequency to determine the level of participation andthe factors that influence and chi square analysis to know the difference in participation. The results showed the level of public participation in the preparation stage at 6 locations in the medium category at 58%, in the implementation at high stage category with a score of 77% and evaluation stages are categorized by performance score of 64%. Chi square analysis shows that there are differences in the level of participation with factors that affecting are socialization, training, workshop and Business Group Maritime Affairs and Fisheries. Base on those results, this study recommend that implementation of the PUMP-P2HP program should include community participation from the planning stage to evaluating stage.

scholarly journals EVALUASI PELAKSANAAN PROGRAM BANTUAN PERBAIKAN RUMAH UNTUK RUMAH TANGGA MISKIN (RTM) DI KOTA DENPASAR

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wiwik Hermawati ◽  
I N. Sutarja ◽  
Mayun Nadiasa
Keyword(s):  
Program Implementation ◽  
Program Effectiveness ◽  
Descriptive Analysis ◽  
Development Program ◽  
City Government ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Effectiveness Index ◽  
Chi Square Analysis ◽  
The City

The endeavor of Denpasar City Government in establish the wellbeing of its people especially the underprivileged households is conducting a house renovation aid program in order to accomplish the essential privileges of livable and healthy housing. With numerous problems during the development program execution, therefore, this study is carried out to evaluate the program implementation to determine the program effectiveness index and its relationship between the program effectiveness and the increase of the wellbeing of underprivileged households. The primary data are composed from survey feedbacks of sequence of questions in a questioner. While, the secondary data were collected from Office of Spatial Planning and Housing of the City of Denpasar and other related agencies. The methods used in data collection consist of interviews and questionnaires.  Out of 30 questions in the questioner, all were affirmed valid and reliable. The analytical tool utilize in the study were descriptive analysis, effectiveness analysis in term  of input variables, output variables, outcome variables and impact variables which modify Dantes' formula; and Chi Square analysis to distinguish the relationship between program effectiveness and program's impact to wellbeing improvement. Of the five Dante's categories of effectiveness index, the analysis of the feedbacks of 68 respondents which distributed in four districts in the City of Denpasar are presented in this study. The total score value of program implementation effectiveness, indicated by X, X = 4581, within the range 3400 ? X ? 4760. This index value showed that the implementation of the house renovation for underprivileged households aid program is classified to be less effective. The value of Chi Square of the study is greater than its critical value (47.33 > 13.277). It is indicating that there is a significant relationship between program effectiveness and the program impact to the people wellbeing improvement. It is suggested that when the program and its impact is to be continued, the effectiveness variables need to be optimized and so the managements improvements in order to increase the wellbeing of the underprivileged households.

scholarly journals Partisipasi Masyarakat Dalam Pengelolaan Sampah Pemukiman Pada Kecamatan Tungkil Ilir Kabupaten Tanjung Jabung Barat

2018 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 96
Author(s):  
Septu Haswindy ◽  
Fitriza Yuliana
Keyword(s):  
Civil Society ◽  
Waste Management ◽  
Influencing Factors ◽  
Education Level ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Civil Society Participation ◽  
Participation Level ◽  
Environment Characteristic ◽  
Chi Square Analysis ◽  
Distribution Frequency

Kecamatan Tungkal Ilir Kabupaten Tanjung Jabung Barat sebagai daerah pasang surut memiliki keunikan dalam bentuk bangunan rumah dan ini tentunya berdampak pada budaya masyarakat yang sengaja membuang sampah ke bawah rumah. Tujuan dalam penelitian ini adalah untuk mengidentifikasi faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi tingkat partisipasi masyarakat terhadap pengelolaan sampah pemukiman, untuk mengetahui tingkat partisipasi masyarakat dalam pengelolaan sampah pemukiman serta untuk menganalisis hubungan karakteristik masyarakat dan lingkungan pemukiman dengan tingkat partisipasi masyarakat dalam pengelolaan sampah pemukiman sehingga terwujud kebersihan dan keindahan keberlanjutan lingkungan pemukiman di Kecamatan Tungkal Ilir. Berdasarkan hasil analisis distribusi frekuensi yang dilakukan bahwa faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi tingkat partisipasi masyarakat dalam pengelolaan sampah pemukiman di Kecamatan Tungkal Ilir adalah tingkat pendidikan, pendapatan, luas halaman, keadaan lingkungan, sikap terhadap lingkungan dan persepsi masyarakat. Tingkat partisipasi masyarakat dalam pengelolaan sampah pemukiman di Kecamatan Tungkal Ilir Kabupaten Tanjung Jabung Barat dikategorikan rendah atau kurang yaitu sebesar 56,0%, sedang atau cukup sebesar 25,0% dan tinggi atau baik sebesar 19,0%. Berdasarkan hasil analisis chi-square karakteristik masyarakat dan lingkungan pemukiman berhubungan positif sangat nyata dengan tingkat partisipasi masyarakat dalam pengelolaan sampah pemukiman di Kecamatan Tungkal Ilir Kabupaten Tanjung Jabung Barat, karakteristik masyarakat yang tidak memiliki hubungan dengan tingkat partisipasi masyarakat dalam pengelolaan sampah pemukiman adalah lama tinggal.Kata kunci: pengelolaan sampah pemukiman, karakteristik masyarakat, partisipasi masyarakatEnglish Title: Civil Society Participation in Household Garbage Management at Tungkal Ilir Subdistrict West Tanjung Jabung RegencyABSTRACTSubdistrict Tungkal Ilir West Tanjung Jabung regency astidal area hasa distinctive form of house and it certainly affected to society culture which intentionally throw the garbage downwards the house. The purpose of this research is to identify the influencing factors of civil society participation in household garbage management, to identify level of society participation in household garbage management and to analyse the characteristic of relation of society characteristic and settlement environment with society participation level in household garbage management till cleanliness and continuity of settlement environmental beauty at Tungkal Ilir subdistrict. In result of distribution frequency anlaysis stated factors that influence society participation level in household garbage management at Tungkal Ilir subdistrict are education level, earning, yard, environment circumstance, attitude to environment and society perception. Level of society participation in household garbage management in Tungkal Ilir subdistrict West Tanjung Jabung categorized low or less that equal to 56,0%, medium or enough equal to 25,0 % and high or good equal to 19,0%. Based on chi-square analysis result, society and environment characteristic correlate positive and very real with society participation level in household garbage management at Tungkal Ilir subdistric West Tanjung Jabung, society characteristic which has no relationship with society participation level in household garbage management is time of stay periode.Keywords: house waste management, society characteristic, society participationCitation: Yuliana, F. dan Haswindy, S.  (2017). Partisipasi Masyarakat Dalam Pengelolaan Sampah Pemukiman Pada Kecamatan Tungkil Ilir Kabupaten Tanjung Jabung Barat. Jurnal Ilmu Lingkungan, 15(2), 96-111, doi:10.14710/jil.15.2.96-111

Correlation of NFE2L2 mutation with higher tumor mutation burden (TMB), microsatellite instability (MSI) and PD-L1 expression in 3,716 cases of Chinese pan-cancer.

2021 ◽  
Vol 39 (15_suppl) ◽  
pp. e16211-e16211
Author(s):  
Bin Wu ◽  
Aijun Li ◽  
Keji Chen ◽  
Lin Chen ◽  
Qin Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Leucine Zipper ◽  
Statistical Correlation ◽  
Related Factor ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Basic Leucine Zipper ◽  
Poor Prognostic Factor ◽  
Cancer Types ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Chi Square Analysis ◽  
Pan Cancer

e16211 Background: Nuclear factor E2-related factor-2 (NFE2L2) gene encodes a transcription factor which is a member of basic leucine zipper (bZIP) proteins family. Overexpression of NFE2L2 lead to cell proliferation and promoted tumor metastasis. Previous report indicated that NFE2L2 mutation (NFE2L2-MT) was an independent poor prognostic factor in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC). However, the correlation between NFE2L2 mutation and pan-cancer types of TMB, MSI, and PD-L1 expression is unclear. Methods: TMB analysis was performed in 3,716 Chinese pan-cancer patients who underwent NGS sequencing using a 539 gene panel. The TMB calculation included synonymous and nonsynonymous mutations and InDels. MSI analysis was performed in 3,110 patients. MSI-H was defined as above 10% positive of the 195 tested microsatellites sites. The PD-L1 expression analysis was performed in 3,415 patients with immunohistochemistry staining (IHC) by antibody SP263. PD-L1 positive was defined as greater than or equal to 1%. The statistical correlation was investigated using Chi-square analysis. TMB value was compared using Wilcoxon Rank Sum test. We used TCGA public database to verify the result. Results: The mutation frequency of NFE2L2 mutation was 2.66% (99/3716). The TOP 5 cancer types were liver cancer 3.53% (14/397), lung cancer 2.97% (42/1416), colorectal cancer 2.02% (7/347), gastric cancer 1.36% (3/221), soft tissue sarcoma 0.53% (1/189). NFE2L2-MT had a significant correlation with higher TMB (p = 2.2e-16), compared with NFE2L2 wild-type (NFE2L2-WT). Among 3110 samples with MSI status, the MSI-H percentage of NFE2L2-MT and NFE2L2-WT were 8.60% (8/93) and 1.33% (40/3017), respectively (p = 1.29e-7). In 3,415 patients with PD-L1 protein expression information, the PD-L1 positive percentage of NFE2L2-MT and NFE2L2-WT were 51.52% (51/99) and 61.9% (1,268/2,048), respectively. NFE2L2-WT has higher PD-L1 positive percentage than NFE2L2-MT (p = 0.01). NFE2L2-MT was significantly correlated with higher TMB and MSI when we used TCGA data to verify, p<0.0001. However, the survival analysis of 1661 MSKCC immunotherapy cohort showed that the median OS of NFE2L2-MT vs NFE2L2-WT was 21 months vs 18 months (p=0.858), but the difference was not significant. Conclusions: NFE2L2 mutation has a very significant correlation with higher TMB and MSI, but not related to PD-L1 expression. However, whether NFE2L2-MT is related to the efficacy of immunotherapy was still unclear and more clinical data were needed.

scholarly journals Hubungan Partisipasi dan Kepuasan Masyarakat dalam Program Revitalisasi Kawasan Braga Kota Bandung

Teknik ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 37 (1) ◽  
pp. 17
Author(s):  
Diah Intan Kusumo Dewi ◽  
Siti Dea Rakhmania
Keyword(s):  
Quantitative Analysis ◽  
Community Participation ◽  
Satisfaction Level ◽  
Community Satisfaction ◽  
Analysis Method ◽  
Positive Relation ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Participation Level ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Quantitative Descriptive

Revitalisasi Kawasan Braga sudah dilakukan selama hampir 20 tahun. Namun, masyarakat belum merasa puas dengan revitalisasi yang ada, karena seolah-olah tidak di pertimbangkan dengan matang dan kurang dilibatkannya masyarakat dalam program tersebut. Masyarakat menjadi kurang aktif dalam kegiatan revitalisasi Jalan Braga. Padahal masyarakat yang merasakan dampak dari adanya revitalisasi tersebut. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan antara tingkat partisipasi dengan kepuasan masyarakat terhadap program revitalisasi. Metode analisis yang digunakan adalah metode analisis kuantitatif dengan teknik analisis deskriptif kuantitatif, skoring dan crosstab. Jumlah Sampel yang digunakan sebanyak 80 sampel. Hasil penelitian ditemukan bahwa tingkat partisipasi masyarakat masih tergolong rendah dengan total skor 1367. Apabila dikaitkan dengan tangga partisipasi Arnstein (1986) partisipasi masyarakat ada pada tahap “Informing”. Sedangkan kepuasan masyarakat tergolong cukup puas dengan skor1717. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian dengan analisis crosstab diketahui hasil chi square test 2(3, N = 80) = 38.285; p < 0,05 atau taraf signifikansinya 0,000 < 0,05 sehingga Ho ditolak dan H1diterima. Hal ini menyatakan ada hubungan antara partisipasi dengan kepuasan masyarakat. Sedangkan berdasarkan hasil uji kolerasi maka diketahui r(80) = 0.637; p>0.01 dan r(80) = 0.682; p>0.01 yang artinya hubungan antar variable tergolong kuat. Berdasarkan koefisien kolerasinya maka diketahui bahwa hubungan antar variabel memiliki hubungan yang positif. [Correlation between Community Participation and Community Satisfaction in Revitalization Program at Braga Street, Bandung] Braga revitalization has already been done for almost 20 years. Nevertheless, people there still feel dissatisfied because it is not carefully considered as though and lack of participation in revitalization program. Whereas, people around are those who affected by revitalization program. This research aims to learn about correlation between participation level and satisfaction level towards the program. The analysis method used in this research is quantitative analysis by quantitative descriptive, scoring, and crosstab technique. Number of samples used in this research are 80 samples. Meanwhile, the result found is that level of community participation considered in a low level with score 1367. When associated with Arnstein’s participation ladders, the level of community participation is on informing stage. Whilst, the research’s result about level of community satisfaction is considered in a quite satisfied level with score 1717. Based on the crosstab analysis, known that the result of chi-square test 2(3,N= 80)=38.285;p<0.05 or significance degree is 0.000<0.05 so Ho rejected and H1 accepted. It is stated that there is a correlation between participation and community satisfaction. While, based on correlation test, known that r(80)=0.637;p>0.01 and r(80)=0.682;p>0.01 which means the correlation considered in a strong level and correlation coefficient has a positive relation.

scholarly journals Evaluation of school-based prevention program in Turkey: Results of a 24-month study

2016 ◽  
Vol 10 (02) ◽  
pp. 245-249 ◽  
Author(s):  
Coruh Turksel Dulgergil ◽  
Ertugrul Ercan ◽  
Hakan Colak
Keyword(s):  
Oral Hygiene ◽  
Permanent Teeth ◽  
School Age Children ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Group 5 ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Chi Square Analysis ◽  
Provincial Center

ABSTRACT Objective: In this paper, cavity experiences of children with different levels of eruption and cavity activities that are enrolled at an elementary school with semi-rural characteristics in Kırıkkale Provincial center were monitored for 2 years after a variety of protective applications. Materials and Methods: Three hundred and twenty-two children at the age of 7–11 were included in this study. Children were grouped as follows according to their cavity experiences and applications done: Group 1 - control group (with or without cavities) – was given hygiene training only; Group 2 - with medium level cavity activity (2–4 cavities in average) – oral hygiene training + surface restoration applied; Group 3 - children with 2–4 cavities on average – oral hygiene training + professional flour gel applied; Group 4 - children with 2–4 cavities in average – oral hygiene training + flour gel applied with brush; Group 5 - children with extreme cavity activity (children with 5 or more cavities) – oral hygiene training + surface restoration + professional flour gel combination applied. Results: At the end of the 2nd year, 277 children were reached. The increase of number of cavities in permanent teeth was determined as 35%, 0%, 1%, 0%, and 7% in groups 1–5, respectively. The difference between groups was found to be significant (Chi-square analysis, Pearson Chi-square = 27.002, P < 0.01). Conclusion: These findings have showed that, in Kırıkkale Provincial center, some cavity-preventive measures such as surface restoration and gel applications, along with hygiene training, could provide optimum protection for school-age children.

Comparision of histologic distribution of RCC in young and older patients: Results from the SEER database.

2013 ◽  
Vol 31 (6_suppl) ◽  
pp. 419-419 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael R. Daugherty ◽  
Stephen Blakely ◽  
Oleg Shapiro ◽  
Gennady Bratslavsky
Keyword(s):  
Renal Cell ◽  
Clear Cell ◽  
Collecting Duct ◽  
Cell Cancer ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Genetic Mutations ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Younger Patients ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Chi Square Analysis

419 Background: Renal cell cancer (RCC) incidence is relatively low in younger patients, encompassing 3-5% of all RCC tumors. These tumors tend to be due to hereditary syndromes and genetic mutations that predispose to cancer development. Patients with hereditary renal cancer (HRC) are at a higher risk of multiple tumors and bilateral disease. We hypothesize that there is a difference in histologic distribution in the younger patients and that the younger distribution contains more aggressive histologic subtypes. Methods: SEER 18-registries database was queried for all patients ≥20 years old that were surgically treated for renal cell carcinoma between the years 2001 and 2008. Patients with unknown race, grade, stage, or histology were excluded from the study. Histologies selected were clear cell, papillary, chromophobe, sarcomatoid, and collecting duct. Three cohorts were created with the ages 20-44, 45-64, and ≥65 year olds that contained 3,926, 19,661, and 16,323 patients respectively. Chi-square analysis was used to compare the histologic distributions between the cohorts. Results: There was no difference in the incidence of clear cell RCC between the three cohorts (p = 0.63). The histology distribution was not different in the 45-64 year olds compared to those ≥65 (p = 0.47). The non-clear cell histologies were different between the 3 age groups (p < 0.001). There were a larger percentage of patients in the younger patients that had chromophobe tumors compared to all non-clear cell histologies (p< 0.001). Conclusions: The difference in the non-clear cell histologic distribution between the groups is most likely due to genetic mutations predisposing these patients to chromophobe RCC. There has been limited data on HRCs, due in large part to its low incidence. Although the HRCs are known to have a most common histology, it is likely that this information is incomplete, as younger patients have undiagnosed genetic mutations that led to development of chromophobe tumors. [Table: see text]

scholarly journals KETAHANAN PANGAN KELUARGA PESERTA PROGRAM PEMBERDAYAAN MASYARAKAT DI PEDESAAN

2011 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 208
Author(s):  
Tin Herawati ◽  
Basita Ginting ◽  
Pang S. Asngari ◽  
Djoko Susanto ◽  
Herien Puspitawati
Keyword(s):  
Food Security ◽  
Development Program ◽  
Business Development ◽  
Community Empowerment ◽  
Survey Method ◽  
National Program ◽  
The Family ◽  
Per Capita ◽  
Data Collection Technique ◽  
Category Base

The research objectives were to analyzed the family food security and its factors of the participants in the community empowerment program at rural area. The research design was crossectional study and the data collection technique used a survey method toward 300 families, and their specification were 140 families from the National Program of Community Empowerment (PNPM), 107 families from The Keluarga Harapan Program (PKH), 31 families from the Raksa Desa Program and 22 families from The Business Development Program of Rural Agribusiness (PUAP). The highest percentage (52.0%) of the family categorized into food vulnerable and as many as 37.3 percent was insecure category. It was found 10.7 percent families categorized into secure category. Base on the program, more than a half families of PKH group (50.5%) and PUAP (63.6%) are insecure category. Food vulnerable category is in PNPM group (60.0%) and Raksa Desa group (61.3%). The highest percentage (15.0%) thar categorized into secure category is in PNPM group. The factors which influence significantly toward the family food security are the income per capita, the family size and the asset.

203 EQUINE EMBRYO IN VITRO DEVELOPMENT AFTER INTRACYTOPLASMIC SPERM INJECTION FOLLOWED BY CHEMICAL ACTIVATION

2012 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 214
Author(s):  
J. Jarazo ◽  
A. Gambini ◽  
A. De Stefano ◽  
L. Muredas ◽  
J. G. Oriol ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Intracytoplasmic Sperm Injection ◽  
Chemical Activation ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Group 4 ◽  
Blastocyst Quality ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Chi Square Analysis ◽  
Vitro Development

Intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) is an alternative method for producing in vitro-fertilized embryos in horses. Some authors have suggested that using the piezo drill to inject the spermatozoon is required to obtain acceptable blastocyst rates after ICSI. In order to avoid the use of this equipment, the aim of our study was to evaluate 4 different chemical activation protocols and their effect on embryo development. Cumulus–oocyte complexes were recovered from ovaries of slaughtered mares. The maturation medium was DMEM/F12 supplemented with 10% fetal bovine serum (FBS), 1 μL mL–1 of insulin-transferrin-selenium, 1 mM sodium pyruvate, 100 mM cysteamine and 0.1 mg mL–1 of FSH at 39°C in a humidified atmosphere of 6.5% CO2 in air for 24 h. The ICSI was carried out in 20-μL droplets of TALP-HEPES with a 9-μm pipette, using frozen-thawed spermatozoa from 1 stallion. Spermatozoa were held separate in 100-μL droplets of Modified Whittens. Motile spermatozoa were aspirated and transferred to a 5-μL drop of 7% (v/v) polyvinylpyrrolidone, where 1 sperm was immobilized by swiping the injection pipette across its tail; then, the sperm was injected into the oocyte. All injected oocytes were subjected to 8.7 μM ionomycin for 4 min, followed by 1 of 3 further activation treatments: (1) 4-h culture in 1 mM 6-DMAP and 10 mg mL–1 of cycloheximide, starting 3 h after ionomycin; (2) 5-h culture in 10 mg mL–1 of cycloheximide, starting 10 min after ionomycin; (3) An extra incubation with 5 mM ionomycin for 4 min, starting 3 h after ionomycin. Some injected oocytes were left without a further activation protocol (group 4). After activation, injected oocytes were cultured in 100-μL droplets of DMEM/F12 with 5% of FBS at 39°C in a humidified atmosphere of 5% O2, 5% CO2 and 90% N2. Cleavage (48 h after activation) and blastocyst formation (7–8 days) of all experimental groups were assessed. Culture medium was renewed on Day 3 with fresh DMEM/F12 with 5% of FBS. At Day 9, the zona pellucida of some blastocysts was removed and the blastocysts were maintained in culture until Day 15. Blastocyst growth was determined every 24 h. Statistical differences (using chi-square analysis) were observed in cleavage with treatments 1 and 3 when compared to the other groups (1: 30/52, 58%; 2: 8/40, 20%; 3: 9/25, 36%; and 4: 10/38, 26%). There was no difference on blastocyst rates based on injected oocytes (1: 5/52, 9.6%; 2: 2/40, 5%; 3: 1/25, 4%; and 4: 2/38, 5.3%). On Day 7, blastocyst quality did not differ among treatments and on Day 15, blastocysts from groups 3 and 4 reached 1130 μm and 4300 μm, respectively. Despite the difference observed in cleavage, this work suggests that equine blastocysts could be obtained with all of the activation protocols, without the use of the piezo drill. Further studies are required to assess the effect of chemical activation on in vivo development of produced blastocysts to confirm that they are not parthenogenetic. We are grateful to Mr. Willem Melchior, La Vanguardia Polo Club for some financial support and encouragement to undertake this project.

scholarly journals Hubungan antara Karakteristik dan Peran Kerja Istri Nelayan dengan Kontribusinya dalam Pendapatan Rumah Tangga

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (5) ◽  
pp. 653
Author(s):  
Yunicha Khairiyah ◽  
Melani Abdulkadir Sunito
Keyword(s):  
Household Income ◽  
Qualitative Data ◽  
Survey Method ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Productive Work ◽  
Chi Square Analysis ◽  
The Relationship

Fishermen’s work is characterized by low and fluctuating income due to weather and season factors. Therefore, the wife’s productive work and income is important contribution to household income. The objectives of this study are to (1) Describe the fisherman wife’s characteristics, working roles, and income contribution ; (2) Analyze the relationship between characteristics and working roles of fisherman’s wife; and (3) Analyze the relationship between characteristics and working role of fisherman’s wife with their contribution to the household income. The research was conducted in Cidadap Village in Sukabumi using survey method and supported by qualitative data, and using a Chi-Square analysis test. Forty respondents were chosen purposively. The statistic test indicated that there is no relation between the characteristic of fisherman’s wife with their working role, but both the type of wife’s work and the type of husband’s work were significantly related to the contribution of women’s income to the household.Key words: fisherman, fisherman wife’s working role ; wife’s contribution  to household incomeABSTRAKMasyarakat nelayan sampai saat ini identik dengan kemiskinan dan pendapatan tidak menentu karena faktor cuaca dan musim, sehingga istri perlu bekerja produktif dan memberi kontribusi pendapatan untuk mencukupi kebutuhan rumah tangga. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk (1) Mendeskripsikan karakteristik, peran kerja, dan kontribusi pendapatan istri nelayan; (2) Menganalisis hubungan antara karakteristik dengan peran kerja istri nelayan; serta (3) Menganalisis hubungan antara karakteristik dan peran kerja istri nelayan dengan kontribusi pendapatan rumah tangga. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di Desa Cidadap dengan metode kuantitatif yaitu survei yang didukung data kualitatif, dan menggunakan uji analisis Chi Square. Responden sebanyak 40 orang dipilih secara purposive. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa karakteristik istri nelayan dengan peran kerja perempuan tidak memiliki hubungan, sedangkan karakteristik dan peran kerja istri nelayan yang berhubungan dengan kontribusi pendapatan perempuan adalah jenis pekerjaan perempuan dan pekerjaan suami.Kata kunci: Nelayan, Peran Kerja Istri Nelayan, Kontribusi Istri dalam Pendapatan Rumah Tangga

scholarly journals Gender Issue in Transportation Sector of Nigeria: A Case Study of Lokoja, Kogi State

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 52-61
Author(s):  
Shaibu Hasssan Richard ◽  
Emmanuel Okokondem Okon
Keyword(s):  
Road Transport ◽  
Transport Sector ◽  
Survey Method ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
National Union ◽  
Transportation Sector ◽  
Transport Worker ◽  
The Government ◽  
Chi Square Analysis

This paper aimed at finding out what constraint women in transport sector in Lokoja and why employers are reluctant in employing women in the sector? The null hypothesis is that women constraints have no significant effect in transportation sector in Lokoja. Information for the paper was basically from the questionnaire survey method Data generated were analyzed using descriptive statistics such as mean, simple percentages and graphical illustrations. Chi-square analysis was used to test the formulated hypothesis. The result reveals that women constraints have significant effect in transportation sector in Lokoja. Transport business in Lokoja is so dominated by male counterpart and yet some routes are not adequately covered. Based on the aforementioned findings, it is recommended that social attitude in Lokoja, Kogi state and Nigeria in general should be changed in favour of women employment in transport sector. The government of Kogi state should establish driving schools and transport scheme meant to enhance the livelihood of women. The National Union of Road Transport Worker (NURTW) should encourage women to invest in the sector.

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