scholarly journals In vitro Behaviour and Effects on Cells Induced by Functionalized NanoGold and NanoSilver Particles I. Preparation and Stability Studies of Au- and Ag-conjugates with Thiol - containing Molecules

2010 ◽  
Vol 67 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Carmen SOCACIU ◽  
Andreea STANILA ◽  
Monica TRIF ◽  
Simion ASTILEAN
Keyword(s):  
Cell Cultures ◽  
Extreme Values ◽  
Cellular Level ◽  
Stability Studies ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Color Changes ◽  
Antioxidant Agents ◽  
Nanosilver Particles ◽  
And Shifts

Our studies aim the preparation of functionalized Au and Ag colloids invitro, the dynamics of conjugation and stability in functionalized forms (by conjugation with cysteine, glutathione, insulin, albumin) (in this first part of article) as well and to study their action on cells (second part). Such investigations can prove that natural ways of Au and Ag functionalization, by formation of stable conjugates, with S-containing biomolecules can be active at cellular level and can act synergistically as protective, antioxidant agents. We determined dimensions of colloid Au (AuC) vs colloid Ag (AgC) and found out mean values between 0.863m to 0.86 m.Using a calibration curve for AuC in the range 350-800 nm, we found a good correlation concentration-absorption units and the best dilutions to be used in conjugation experiments (1:2-1:5 ). The kinetic of AuC conjugation with four different molecules (cystein, BSA, insulin and glutathion), was specifically expressed by shifts of around 3 nm (for cystein, insulin and albumin) suggesting that AuC cannot make directly stable conjugates with these molecules. The same kinetic, tested for AuC-glutathion, showed spectacular change of color from red to blue and shifts of the absorbtion of conjugated forms, up to 16 nm (from 600 to 616 nm). Contrasting to Au, AgC in the presence of glutathion did not show modifications of absorptions, nor color changes. Therefore, we consider that Ag cannot conjugate glutathion and it is not useful to test it on cell cultures in vitro. Using different pHs (from 3 to 8) we observed an increase of conjugation capacity of AuC with glutathione, up to values 7-7.5. At extreme values (pH 3 and 8) the conjugation is not possible.

Role of the gut proteinases from mosquito larvae in the mechanism of action and the specificity of the Bacillus sphaericus toxin

1990 ◽  
Vol 36 (11) ◽  
pp. 804-807 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luc Nicolas ◽  
Anne Lecroisey ◽  
Jean-François Charles
Keyword(s):  
Cell Cultures ◽  
Spodoptera Littoralis ◽  
Mosquito Species ◽  
Bacillus Sphaericus ◽  
Cellular Level ◽  
Mosquito Cell ◽  
Mosquito Larvae

Gut proteinases from larvae of mosquito species both susceptible and not susceptible to Bacillus sphaericus converted the 43-kDa toxin to a 40-kDa polypeptide exhibiting enhanced cytotoxicity to mosquito cell cultures. The toxin was also activated by gut proteinases from the nonsusceptible Lepidoptera Spodoptera littoralis in vitro and in vivo. Therefore, the specificity of Bacillus sphaericus toxin does not seem to be determined by gut proteinase action. However, susceptibility of mosquito cell cultures did not reflect the specificity of the toxin, which must now be investigated at the cellular level in the larvae. Key words: mosquitoes, Bacillus sphaericus, bacterial toxins, proteinases, specificity.

scholarly journals In Vitro Behaviour and Effects on Cells Induced by Functionalized Nanogold and Nanosilver Particles II. In Vitro Comparative Studies for Nanogold Conjugated with Glutathion in RPE D407 Cell Line and Saccharomyces Cerevisiae

2010 ◽  
Vol 67 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Carmen SOCACIU ◽  
Monica TRIF ◽  
Dumitrita RUGINA ◽  
Adela PINTEA ◽  
Simion ASTILEAN
Keyword(s):  
Saccharomyces Cerevisiae ◽  
Cell Proliferation ◽  
Cell Growth ◽  
Cell Line ◽  
Cellular Level ◽  
Cellular Activity ◽  
Rpe Cells ◽  
Nanosilver Particles ◽  
Cell Components

We aimed to demonstrate that the functionalization of nanocolloids of Au in vitro, induce the formation of conjugated forms (with glutathion) which can affect the cellular activity, as tested on Saccharomyces cerevisiae and RPE cells. The cell line relevant for macular degeneration, type RPE (line D407) proved to be more sensitive to nanogold and conjugated forms. By microscopy we demonstrated the cell capacity to form a monolayer, as a prove of their proliferation and viability, as well in the presence of free AuC, glutathione, but also in the presence of conjugated forms AuC-glutathion. AuC-glutathion conjugate, at pH 5.6 (optimum for cell growth) is stable and can have effect on cellular activity, with impact on proliferation and viability. Obviously, the interaction of AuC and AuC-glutation conjugate with cell components may have effects on cell proliferation and rapid metabolization in presence of appropriate enzymes. (e.g. Glutation peroxidase). Alternative and complementary studies are needed to show the localization of AuC and AuC-glutathion conjugate at cellular level, by microscopy and spectroscopy. It is possible that, inside cell, AuC to conjugate other biomolecules, with a higher stability and affinity, comparing to glutathion.

scholarly journals Immunomodulation Effects of Schizonepeta tenuifolia Briq. on the IgE-Induced Allergic Model of RBL-2H3 Cells

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yi-Hsuan Lin ◽  
Hsing-Yu Chen ◽  
Jung-Chun Chiu ◽  
Kun-Jei Chen ◽  
Hung-Yao Ho ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Cultures ◽  
Inflammatory Cytokine ◽  
Skin Diseases ◽  
Immunoglobulin E ◽  
Allergic Diseases ◽  
Cellular Level ◽  
Immunomodulatory Effect ◽  
Markers Of Inflammation ◽  
Schizonepeta Tenuifolia

Schizonepeta tenuifolia (ST) Briq. is a traditional herbal medicine commonly used to treat allergic skin diseases, where the inflammation process is closely related to symptom severity. This study aimed to explore the immunomodulatory effect of ST by using immunoglobulin E- (IgE-) stimulated RBL-2H3 cell cultures, a common cell line for studying mast cell degranulation and inflammatory cytokine release in vitro. After stimulating the RBL-2H3 cells with IgE, ST at concentrations of 10, 50, or 100 μg/mL was added to the cell cultures. Cell viability, inflammatory cytokines (IL-6, IL-13, IL-4, TNF-α, and IFN-γ), anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10, and degranulation ability were examined 48 and 72 hours after administration of ST. The markers of inflammation and allergic reaction, IFN-γ, TNF-α, IL-4, and IL-6, were suppressed, especially after treatment with 100 μg/mL ST. However, the anti-inflammation marker IL-10 was also suppressed by ST. Trend analysis showed that a higher ST concentration was associated with lower IFN-γ and TNF-α levels. Moreover, degranulation of RBL-2H3 cells was assessed by measuring the release of β-hexosaminidase, which was suppressed by ST at 10 μg/mL. This study showed an immunomodulatory effect of ST at the cellular level and suggests the role of ST in treating allergic diseases.

scholarly journals Some aspects of in vitro wheat biotechnology

2019 ◽  
Vol 25 ◽  
pp. 316-320
Author(s):  
L. E. Sergeeva ◽  
L. I. Bronnikova
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Cell Cultures ◽  
Cellular Level ◽  
In Vitro System ◽  
Distinctive Features ◽  
Cultural Conditions ◽  
Special Adaptation ◽  
Primary Explants ◽  
Plant Level

Aim. Drastic climate changes lead to decrease of the appropriate agricultural plants and stimulate the elaboration of new biotechnologies. The preferences of in vitro system are used for providing the acceleration of the plant selection. The cultivating in vitro is a procedure combined common approaches and special adaptation to plant species. This ideology is essential for all cereals and for wheat in particular. There are several aspects of this ideology: the optimization of cultural conditions; the obtaining wheat cultures and studying distinctive features of their proliferation; the detection parameters of viability, realized on the entire plant level; the comparison of those reactions with cells characteristics. Methods. The standard manipulations of primary explants dissection and several protocols of callus induction and raise are used. Results. Cell cultures of new wheat genotypes were obtained. Those forms were selected in the Institute of Plant Physiology and Genetics NAS of Ukraine. The peculiar features of wheat cell cultures were revealed and investigated. Conclusions. Cell cultures obtained from new genotypes of winter wheat demonstrated common reactions with young plants. Parallel investigations of some biochemical parameters realized on cellular level in cell cultures and plant cells is a possible way to acceleration the genotypes with better characteristics selection. Keywords: winter wheat, in vitro system, cell culture.

Obtaining and Characterization of Alhagi persarum Boiss. et Buhse Callus Cell Cultures, Isoflavonoid Producers

2020 ◽  
Vol 36 (6) ◽  
pp. 35-48
Author(s):  
D.V. Коchkin ◽  
G.I. Sobolkovа ◽  
А.А. Fоmеnkov ◽  
R.А. Sidorov ◽  
А.М. Nоsоv
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Cell Culture ◽  
Liquid Chromatography ◽  
Secondary Metabolites ◽  
Cell Cultures ◽  
Mass Spectrometric ◽  
Mass Spectrometric Detection ◽  
Gas Liquid Chromatography ◽  
Callus Cell

The physiological characteristics of the callus cell cultures of Alhagi persarum Boiss et Buhse, a member of the legume family, widely used in folk medicine, have been studied. It was shown that the source of the explant was an important factor in the initiation of callusogenesis: more intense callusogenesis (almost 100%) was observed for explants from various organs of sterile seedlings, rather than intact plants (less than 30%). As a result, more than 20 lines of morphologically different callus cell cultures were obtained, and the growth parameters for the 5 most intensively growing lines were determined. The composition of fatty acids (FA) of total lipids and secondary metabolites in the most physiologically stable callus line Aр-207 was analyzed. Using capillary gas-liquid chromatography with mass spectrometric detection (GLC-MS), 19 individual C12--C24 FAs were identified, the main fraction of which were palmitic (~ 23%), stearic (~ 22%), linoleic (~ 14%) and α-linolenic (~ 33%) acids. The established atypical ratio of FAs (a simultaneous high content of both saturated FAs and polyunsaturated α-linolenic acid) is possibly due to the adaptation of cells to in vitro growth conditions. Phytochemical analysis of the secondary metabolites was carried out using ultra-performance liquid chromatography with electrospray ionization mass spectrometric detection (UPLC MS). Compounds belonging to different structural groups of isoflavones were found. Aglycones (calycosin, formononetin and afrormosin isomer), glucosides (formononetin glucoside), as well as esters of glucosides (malonylglycosides of calicosin, formononetin, afrormosin isomers, glycitein and genistein) were detected. These secondary metabolites are widespread in plants of the Fabaceae family; however, isoflavones are rare in representatives of the Alhagi genus. The presence of malonylated isoflavone glycosides in Alhagi spp. was shown for the first time. endemic plant species, Alhagi, in vitro cell culture, callus cell culture, isoflavones, fatty acids All studies were carried out using the equipment of the "Experimental Biotechnological Facility" and the "All-Russian Collection of Cell Cultures of Higher Plants" of IРР RAS. This work was supported by the Russian Foundation for Basic Research (RFBR), contract no.18-54-06021 (Az_a), and the Government of the Russian Federation, Megagrant Project no. 075-15-2019-1882.

Exploiting Anti-Inflammation Effects of Flavonoids in Chronic Inflammatory Diseases

2020 ◽  
Vol 26 (22) ◽  
pp. 2610-2619 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tarique Hussain ◽  
Ghulam Murtaza ◽  
Huansheng Yang ◽  
Muhammad S. Kalhoro ◽  
Dildar H. Kalhoro
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Chronic Diseases ◽  
Inflammatory Diseases ◽  
Therapeutic Option ◽  
Cellular Level ◽  
Antiinflammatory Drugs ◽  
Suitable Alternative ◽  
Chronic Inflammatory Diseases

Background: Inflammation is a complex response of the host defense system to different internal and external stimuli. It is believed that persistent inflammation may lead to chronic inflammatory diseases such as, inflammatory bowel disease, neurological and cardiovascular diseases. Oxidative stress is the main factor responsible for the augmentation of inflammation via various molecular pathways. Therefore, alleviating oxidative stress is effective a therapeutic option against chronic inflammatory diseases. Methods: This review article extends the knowledge of the regulatory mechanisms of flavonoids targeting inflammatory pathways in chronic diseases, which would be the best approach for the development of suitable therapeutic agents against chronic diseases. Results: Since the inflammatory response is initiated by numerous signaling molecules like NF-κB, MAPK, and Arachidonic acid pathways, their encountering function can be evaluated with the activation of Nrf2 pathway, a promising approach to inhibit/prevent chronic inflammatory diseases by flavonoids. Over the last few decades, flavonoids drew much attention as a potent alternative therapeutic agent. Recent clinical evidence has shown significant impacts of flavonoids on chronic diseases in different in-vivo and in-vitro models. Conclusion: Flavonoid compounds can interact with chronic inflammatory diseases at the cellular level and modulate the response of protein pathways. A promising approach is needed to overlook suitable alternative compounds providing more therapeutic efficacy and exerting fewer side effects than commercially available antiinflammatory drugs.

Synthesis and antioxidant activity of new selenium-containing quinolines

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 ◽  
Author(s):  
Benedetta Bocchini ◽  
Bruna Goldani ◽  
Fernanda S.S. Sousa ◽  
Paloma T. Birmann ◽  
Cesar A. Brüning ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Superoxide Dismutase ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Building Blocks ◽  
Antioxidant Potential ◽  
In Vitro Assays ◽  
Pharmacological Activities ◽  
Antioxidant Power ◽  
Antioxidant Agents

Background: Quinoline derivatives have been attracted much attention in drug discovery and synthetic derivatives of these scaffolds present a range of pharmacological activities. Therefore, organoselenium compounds are valuable scaffolds in organic synthesis because their pharmacological activities and their use as versatile building blocks for regio-, chemio-and stereoselective reactions. Thus, the synthesis of selenium-containing quinolines has great significance, and their applicability range from simple antioxidant agents, to selective DNA-binding and photocleaving agents. Objective: In the present study we describe the synthesis and antioxidant activity in vitro of new 7-chloroN(arylselanyl)quinolin-4-amines 5 by the reaction of 4,7-dichloroquinoline 4 with (arylselanyl)-amines 3. Methods: For the synthesis of 7-chloro-N(arylselanyl)quinolin-4-amines 5, we performed the reaction of (arylselanyl)- amines 3 with 4,7-dichloroquinoline 4 in the presence of Et3N at 120 °C in a sealed tube. The antioxidant activities of the compounds 5 were evaluated by the following in vitro assays: 2,2- diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging activity, 2,2-azinobis-3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid (ABTS), ferric ion reducing antioxidant power (FRAP), nitric oxide (NO) scavenging and superoxide dismutase-like activity (SOD-Like). Results: 7-Chloro-N(arylselanyl)quinolin-4-amines 5a-d has been synthesized in yields ranging from 68% to 82% by the reaction of 4,7-dichloroquinoline 4 with arylselanyl-amines 3a-d using Et3N as base, at 120 °C, in a sealed tube for 24 hours and tolerates different substituents, such as -OMe and -Cl, in the arylselanyl moiety. The obtained compounds 5a-d presented significant results with respect to the antioxidant potential, which had effect in the tests of inhibition of radical’s DPPH, ABTS+ and NO, as well as in the test that evaluates the capacity (FRAP) and in the superoxide dismutase-like activity assay (SOD-Like). It is worth mentioning that 7-chloro-N(arylselanyl)quinolin-4-amine 5b presented excellent results, demonstrating a better antioxidant capacity when compared to the others. Conclusion: According to the obtained results 7-chloro-N(arylselanyl)quinolin-4-amines 5 were synthesized in good yields by the reaction of 4,7-dichloroquinoline with arylselanyl-amines and tolerates different substituents in the arylselanyl moiety. The tested compounds presented significant antioxidant potential in the tests of inhibition of DPPH, ABTS+ and NO radicals, as well as in the FRAP and superoxide dismutase-like activity assays (SOD-Like).

scholarly journals Biotic and Abiotic Elicitors of Stilbenes Production in Vitis vinifera L. Cell Culture

Plants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 490
Author(s):  
Martin Sák ◽  
Ivana Dokupilová ◽  
Šarlota Kaňuková ◽  
Michaela Mrkvová ◽  
Daniel Mihálik ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Wall ◽  
Vitis Vinifera ◽  
Cell Cultures ◽  
Trichoderma Viride ◽  
Vitis Vinifera L ◽  
Treated Plant ◽  
Abiotic Elicitors ◽  
In Vitro Cell Cultures ◽  
Red Grape

The in vitro cell cultures derived from the grapevine (Vitis vinifera L.) have been used for the production of stilbenes treated with different biotic and abiotic elicitors. The red-grape cultivar Váh has been elicited by natural cellulose from Trichoderma viride, the cell wall homogenate from Fusarium oxysporum and synthetic jasmonates. The sodium-orthovanadate, known as an inhibitor of hypersensitive necrotic response in treated plant cells able to enhance production and release of secondary metabolite into the cultivation medium, was used as an abiotic elicitor. Growth of cells and the content of phenolic compounds trans-resveratrol, trans-piceid, δ-viniferin, and ɛ-viniferin, were analyzed in grapevine cells treated by individual elicitors. The highest accumulation of analyzed individual stilbenes, except of trans-piceid has been observed after treatment with the cell wall homogenate from F. oxysporum. Maximum production of trans-resveratrol, δ- and ɛ-viniferins was triggered by treatment with cellulase from T. viride. The accumulation of trans-piceid in cell cultures elicited by this cellulase revealed exactly the opposite effect, with almost three times higher production of trans-resveratrol than that of trans-piceid. This study suggested that both used fungal elicitors can enhance production more effectively than commonly used jasmonates.

scholarly journals Effect of Citric Acid on Color Changes of Calcium Silicate-Based Cements an In Vitro Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 2339
Author(s):  
Joanna Metlerska ◽  
Till Dammaschke ◽  
Mariusz Lipski ◽  
Irini Fagogeni ◽  
Anna Machoy-Mokrzyńska ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Citric Acid ◽  
Calcium Silicate ◽  
In Vitro Study ◽  
Vitro Study ◽  
Color Measurement ◽  
Color Changes ◽  
Naked Eye ◽  
Root Canal Irrigants ◽  
The Difference

The aim of the present in vitro study was to investigate the effects of 10% and 40% citric acid (CA) on the color of calcium silicate–based cements (CSCs) in comparison to the effects of common root canal irrigants. Samples of six CSCs (n = 6)—ProRoot MTA (Dentsply, Tulsa, OK, USA), Biodentine (Septodont, Saint-Maur-des-Fossés, France), MTA Plus (Avalon Biomed Inc, by Prevest Denpro Limited, Jammu, India), MTA Repair HP (Angelus, Londrina, PR, Brazil), Ortho MTA (BioMTA, Seoul, Korea), and Retro MTA (BioMTA, Seoul, Korea)—were immersed in 10% and 40% CA as well as 15% EDTA, 2% NaOCl, 2% CHX, and 0.9% NaCl for 15 min, 1 h, and 24 h. ΔE values, representing the difference between the final and baseline values of the color components, were then determined using a VITA Easyshade Compact 5.0 spectrophotometer. Naked-eye evaluation of the changes in color and structures of the materials was performed using our own scale. Upon immersion of the materials in both 10% and 40% CA, there were statistically significant differences between spectrophotometric color measurement results for all CSCs (P < 0.05). However, CA does not cause dark discoloration, observable with the naked eye, of any of the materials, such as NaOCl and CHX. Significant statistical differences were also found between all CSCs in terms of submersion duration (P < 0.05). CA, which could be an alternative to EDTA use, caused greater CSCs discoloration and changed some of their structures. Unless required by the therapeutic procedure, clinicians should pay attention to the fact that the irrigant may affect the CSCs discoloration and minimize the contact time of irrigant with CSCs.

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