scholarly journals Violence against children: an analysis of mandatory reporting of violence, Brazil 2011

2015 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
pp. 655-665 ◽  
Author(s):  
Susana Maria Moreira Rates ◽  
Elza Machado de Melo ◽  
Márcio Dênis Medeiros Mascarenhas ◽  
Deborah Carvalho Malta
Keyword(s):  
Social Protection ◽  
Physical Violence ◽  
Mandatory Reporting ◽  
Psychological Violence ◽  
Public Health Services ◽  
The Public ◽  
Violence Against Children ◽  
The Social ◽  
Prevalence Ratios ◽  
At Home

This article aims to describe and analyze reporting of violence against children from 0 to 9 years of age, issued by the public health services, in Brazil. Data from the Violence and Accident Surveillance System (Viva-SINAN) were used. The frequency of selected variables was calculated by age group (0-1; 2-5 and 6-9 years of age) as well as their Prevalence Ratios (PR). 17.900 cases were reported: 33% in the 0-1 year group; 35,8% in the 2-5 year group; and 31,2% in the 6-9 year group. Physical violence predominated among boys (PR: 1.22; CI 95%: 1,16-1,28 ); 6-9 years old (PR: 1,19; CI 95%: 1,12-1.27 ). Sexual violence predominated among girls, mulatto/afro-descendant (PR: 1.12; CI 95 %: 1.06 to 1.19 ); 6-9 years (PR: 4.63; CI 95%: 4.22- 5.08) with more chances of occurring at home (PR: 1.38 , CI: 95%: 1.29-1.48); psychological violence prevailed among girls, mulatto/afro-descendant (PR: 1.10; CI 95 %: 1.03-1.18 ), 6-9 years old (PR: 2.95; CI 95%: 2.69- 3.23), at home (PR: 1.40; CI 95%: 1.29-1.53); negligence predominated among boys (PR: 1.33 ; 95% CI: 1.27-1.39); 0-1 years and their parents were the most prevalent perpetrators.The results indicate the need to strengthen intersectoral actions aiming at extending the social protection and care network.

scholarly journals Violência contra crianças e adolescentes na Bahia: caracterização dos casos, 2009-2016

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. e5899
Author(s):  
Izabel Cristina Neves Ramos ◽  
Thaís Regis Aranha Rossi
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Statistical Analysis ◽  
Health Services ◽  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Physical Violence ◽  
The State ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Public Health Services ◽  
The Public ◽  
Violence Against Children

O estudo teve como objetivo caracterizar, através de uma série histórica, o quadro da violência contra crianças e adolescentes no estado da Bahia por meio da análise das notificações realizadas pelos serviços de saúde. Foram utilizados dados do Sistema de Vigilância de Violência e Acidentes (VIVA Contínuo), durante os anos de 2009 a 2016, totalizando 14.115 casos reportados. Os dados mostraram um aumento de 212,30% nas notificações, entre 2009 e 2016. Quanto às vítimas, a faixa etária de 10 a 19 anos prevaleceu em todos os anos analisados, assim como a presença de vítimas autodeclaradas negras. A tipologia mais frequente foi violência física. Para análise estatística, foi utilizado software Minitab18. Os achados desde estudo são preocupantes e demonstram a magnitude da violência contra crianças e adolescentes, bem como destacam suas especificidades e a importância do combate a esse problema de saúde. ABSTRACTThis study aimed to characterize, through a historical serie, the frame of violence in the state of Bahia by analyzing the notifications made by the public health services. The data was obtained from the Violence and Accidents Vigilance System (VIVA Contínuo) from 2009 to 2016 totalising 14,115 reported cases. The data showed a rise of 212.30% in the notifications done between 2009 to 2016. Regarding the the victims, the age group of 10 to 19 years old prevailed in all analysed years, the same goes for the presence of victims selfdeclared as black. The most frequently type was physical violence. The statistical analysis was made by the software Minitab18. The findings of this study are worrysome and shows the magnitude of the violence against children and adolescents as well as highlight their specificities and theimportance of facing this health problem.Keywords: Violence; Health services; Child; Adolescent. RESUMENEl estudio tuvo como objetivo caracterizar, a través de una serie histórica, el panorama de la violencia contra la niñez y adolescencia en el estado de Bahía a través del análisis de las notificaciones realizadas por los servicios de salud. Se utilizaron datos del Sistema de Vigilancia de Violencia y Accidentes (VIVA Contínuo) durante los años 2009 a 2016, totalizando 14.115 casos notificados. Los datos arrojaron un incremento del 212,30% en las notificaciones, entre 2009 y 2016. En cuanto a las víctimas, predominó el grupo de edad de 10 a 19 años en todos los años analizados, así como la presencia de víctimas autodeclaradas negras. El tipo más frecuente fue la violencia física. Para el análisis estadístico se utilizó el software Minitab18. Los hallazgos de este estudio son preocupantes y demuestran la magnitud de la violencia contra la niñez y la adolescencia, además de resaltar sus especificidades y la importancia de combatir este problema de salud.Palabras Clave: Violencia; Niño; Servicios de salud; Adolescente. 

The identification of multi-hazard situations in elementary school

2021 ◽  
pp. 136548022199669
Author(s):  
Evi Widowati ◽  
Wahyudi Istiono ◽  
Adi Heru Sutomo
Keyword(s):  
Infectious Diseases ◽  
Natural Disasters ◽  
Random Sampling ◽  
Physical Violence ◽  
Food Poisoning ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Stratified Random Sampling ◽  
Psychological Violence ◽  
Violence Against Children ◽  
Quantitative Descriptive

This study aimed to identify various hazard risks which are related to children in schools. This study used a quantitative descriptive design. The sampling technique used was four stage stratified random sampling, with 329 elementary schools as the sample. The results identified various dangerous situations which are related to children and schools ranging from infectious diseases, natural disasters, violence against children and the dangers due to the absence of adequate safety at school. Dangers from natural disasters which could be identified were earthquake, volcano, flood, hurricane landslide, and drought as well as potential biological hazards such as contagion and caterpillar outbreak. Additionally, the dangers related to violence against children were fighting, extortion, physical violence, psychological violence, sexual violence, bullying, and stealing. Related to safety aspects at schools, there were dangerous situations caused by the activities of the children themselves which caused injuries, or other technical causes, such as fire, falling buildings/falling trees, food poisoning, and infectious diseases.

scholarly journals A WELL-TOLD STORY… WILL COVID-19 TEACH US TO LISTEN TO A CITY?

Muzealnictwo ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 62 ◽  
pp. 163-172
Author(s):  
Michał Niezabitowski
Keyword(s):  
Visual Arts ◽  
Direct Contact ◽  
Technological Progress ◽  
Critical Discourse ◽  
Prose Poems ◽  
Strong Bond ◽  
The Public ◽  
The Social ◽  
Social Programme ◽  
At Home

As a result of the pandemic, in March 2020, world museology was cut off from the direct contact with their public. Owing to the introduced regulations, Polish museums were closed down on three occasions (14 March – 4 May 2020, 15 Oct 2020 – 31 Jan 2021, and 20 March – 4 May 2021). When searching for new forms of activity, in 2020, museums made an enormous technological progress, and mastered numerous new competences allowing them to move in cyberspace with ease. The pace at which they introduced various ‘online’ formats is worthy of appreciation. Presently, the time has come to ask whether the effectiveness in reaching the public via such means truly contributed to consolidating a strong bond with them. In order to get the answer to this, it is necessary to critically assess the museum efforts, which will not be possible without researching into the Polish public over that period. Wishing to voice my opinion in the critical discourse on the museums’ activity during the pandemic, I have decided to share my experience from a selected activity of the Museum of Krakow: I have presented the effects of the social Programme titled ‘Stay at Home and Tell Krakow’ (#zostanwdomuiopowiedzkrakow). The Museum created this programme convinced that a city dweller, exposed to the oppression of the pandemic will feel the urge to share his or her experience. Apparently, the appeal made by the Museum of Krakow was eagerly responded to. The Museum received ‘stories’ about the pandemic in different formats: prose, poems, diaries, visual arts, and even musical pieces and artifacts. The results of the ‘Stay at Home and Tell Krakow’ Programme are currently hard to sum up, however, what seems a valuable and worth analysing experience is the focus of residents’ attention on the Museum which they considered an institution trustworthy enough to entrust it their private, often intimate reflections on living through that challenging period.

scholarly journals Os Dois Lados da Mesma Moeda: Urbicídio e Juvenicídio na Realidade Brasileira

ILUMINURAS ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 19 (47) ◽  
Author(s):  
Giovane Antonio Scherer ◽  
Marco Pereira Dilligenti ◽  
Ricardo Souza Araujo
Keyword(s):  
Young People ◽  
Social Protection ◽  
Public Policies ◽  
The Other ◽  
Right To The City ◽  
The Public ◽  
Resistance Movements ◽  
The Social ◽  
The City ◽  
Two Sides

O  presente artigo articula dois fenômenos aparentemente  distintos, o Urbicídio e o Juvenicídio, enquanto expressões da crise estrutural do capital., que se agrava no Brasil e nos demais países dependentes no atual quadro. A cidade é palco de um modelo neoliberal que segrega a classe trabalhadora dos direitos acessados nos grandes centros urbanos, sendo as periferias desprovidas de equipamentos públicos. As juventudes, mesmo que legalmente reconhecidas comosujeito de direitos, são vítimas da  ausência  de políticas sociais, principalmente nas periferias, territórios violados pelo Estado Penal. As políticas públicas até então constituídas promovem ações limitadas focadas no recrutamento de jovens no mercado de trabalho desassociadas de políticas públicas de proteção social básica, cada vez mais precarizadas. No entanto, as juventudes, plenas de potencialidades, podem protagonizar movimentos de resistência a este projeto societário, que exclui, encarcera e mata.Palavras-Chave: Juventudes, Território, Juvenicídio, Urbicídio THE TWO SIDES OF THE SAME COIN: Urbicide and Youthicide in Brasilian Reality.Abstract: The present article discuss two apparently distinct phenomena, Urbicide and Youthicide, as expressions of the structural crisis of capital, which is aggravated in Brazil and in the other dependent countries in the present conjuncture. The city is the stage of a neoliberal model that segregates the  working class, without right to the city  and  the social services.The youth, even if legally recognized as subject of rights, are victims of the absence of social policies, mainly in the peripheries, territories violated by the Criminal State. The public policies e promote limited actions focused on the recruitment of young people in the labor market disassociated with public policies of basic social protection, increasingly precarized. However, youths, full of potentialities, can carry out resistance movements to this project which excludes, imprisons and kills.Keywords: Youth,Territory,Youthcide, Urbicide

scholarly journals KEBIJAKAN PEMERINTAH DALAM PENANGANAN PANDEMI COVID-19

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 267
Author(s):  
Darmin Tuwu
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Social Protection ◽  
Government Policies ◽  
Personal Hygiene ◽  
Study Approach ◽  
Social Welfare Services ◽  
The Social ◽  
Study Results ◽  
The Government ◽  
At Home

This paper aims to elaborate on how government policies prevent and deal with COVID-19. The method used is a qualitative method with a case study approach. The focus of the study is government policies and events that follow the implementation of the policy period from March to June 2020 related to government policies in the prevention and treatment of COVID-19. The study results show that government policies to prevent the spread of Coronavirus transmission such as the policy of staying at home; Social distancing; Physical Restrictions; Use of Personal Protective Equipment; Maintain Personal Hygiene; Work and Study at home; Postpone all activities that gather a lot of people; Large-scale social restrictions; until the implementation of the New Normal policy. In addition, the government has also implemented social assistance and social protection policies to ensure that the community can survive, not only the Social Welfare Services Government group but also the high-class community.

scholarly journals EMPLOYMENT FLEXIBILITY IN UKRAINE: ADVANTAGES AND LIMITATIONS

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (38) ◽  
pp. 490-498
Author(s):  
I. Petrova ◽  
І. Kravchenko ◽  
L. Lisogor ◽  
V. Chuvardynskyi
Keyword(s):  
Social Security ◽  
Social Protection ◽  
Jel Classification ◽  
Structure Form ◽  
The Public ◽  
Social Risks ◽  
Flexible Employment ◽  
The Social ◽  
Points Of View ◽  
Labour Legislation

Abstract. The changes in the economic and social spheres that occur in conditions of rapid technological changes and affect the structure, form and nature of employment are studied. It is argued that increasing employment flexibility, which is in line with the idea of expanding economic freedom for employers and employees, may exacerbate the social risks associated, in particular, with a weakening of the social security of employed. The existing foreign mechanisms of risk prevention in promoting employment flexibility are analysed, and it had reflected in the flexicurity concept. It is proved that the strengthening of employment flexibility in Ukrainian practice is accompanied by three main tendencies: diversification of employment forms that are characterized by flexibility; maintaining the rigidity of labour legislation on employment and employment in the public sector; preservation of the non-sufficient and inefficient level of social protection of flexible employment. Various points of view of different scientists on employment flexibility are analysed that allowed to study the specific forms of flexible employment in the Ukrainian economy. Proposals had developed to improve the conditions for the development of flexible employment, covering organizational, economic and institutional vectors. Keywords: employment, employment flexibility, social security, flexicurity. JEL Classification J24, J62 Formulas: 0; fig.: 3; tabl.: 0; bibl.: 16.

scholarly journals Researching the Dynamics of National Social Policy in a Globalized Society. A Proposal for a De-Nationalized Analytical Framework

2021 ◽  
Vol 47 (1) ◽  
pp. 137-155
Author(s):  
Erica Righard
Keyword(s):  
Social Sciences ◽  
Social Policy ◽  
Old Age ◽  
Knowledge Production ◽  
Social Protection ◽  
Analytical Framework ◽  
Pension Scheme ◽  
The Public ◽  
The Social

Abstract Epistemological hierarchies in the social sciences stipulate that sedentarism is naturalised as a normality, and that mobility is viewed as a deviation. This article sets out to propose an analytical framework that takes the analysis beyond this kind of nationalized knowledge production, and to empirically show the gains of de-nationalized frameworks for analysis of social protection and dynamics of in-/equality in the globalised society. I will do this relying on the empirical example of the public old-age pension scheme in Sweden.

scholarly journals Racismo institucional: percepção sobre a discriminação racial nos serviços de saúde / Institutional racism: perception about racial discrimination in health services

2021 ◽  
Vol 66 (1u) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Grazielle de Oliveira Loduvico ◽  
Maria Marjorie Lima Martins ◽  
Thaís Izabel Ugeda Rocha ◽  
Maria Fernanda Terra ◽  
Pamela Lamarca Pigozi
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Health Services ◽  
Racial Discrimination ◽  
Institutional Racism ◽  
Access To Health Services ◽  
Public Health Services ◽  
The Public ◽  
Black Person ◽  
The Social ◽  
Doctor's Office

Introdução: O racismo institucional se caracteriza por qualquer ação de discriminação racial praticada dentro de instituições, como a omissão de informação ou atendimento, fortalecimento de estereótipos racistas, comportamentos de desconfiança, de desrespeito e desvalorização da pessoa negra. Objetivo: Analisar a prática de racismo institucional no serviço de saúde público e/ou privado a partir da percepção dos usuários negros acerca do atendimento recebido. Material e Método: Estudo de abordagem quantitativa,realizado a partir de questionário fechado, construído via google forms, e veiculado na rede social Facebook. A coleta de dados ocorreu entre setembro e novembro de 2019, sob os critérios: ser negro, idade superior a18 anos e vivência de racismo nos serviços de saúde público e/ou privado. Participaram33 pessoas neste estudo: 28 pessoas se autodeclararam pretas e 5 pardas. Resultados: Dentre os principais achados, estão que 63,6% referiram ter sofrido racismo em serviços públicos de saúde; 51,5% relataram que a discriminação ocorreu no consultório médico, e 21,9% durante a triagemou na sala de medicação. Do total, 93,9% acreditam que a discriminação foi ocasionada por serem negros. Conclusão: Os usuários identificam o racismo durante a assistência em saúde recebida, e que a violência pode distanciá-los dos cuidados, principalmente de promoção e prevenção. Faz-se necessário efetivar a assistência em saúde à luz da Política Nacional de Saúde da População Negra. Palavras chave: Percepção, Discriminação, Iniquidade em saúde, Racismo, Acesso aos serviços de saúde ABSTRACTIntroduction: Institutional racism is characterized by any action of racial discrimination practiced within institutions, such as information or care omission, strengthening of racist stereotypes, behaviors of distrust, disrespect and devaluation of the black person. Objective: To analyze the practice ofinstitutional racism in the public and/or private health service from the perception of black users about the care received. Material and Method: Quantitative approach study, conducted from a closed questionnaire, built via google forms, and carried on the social network Facebook. Data collectionoccurred between September and November 2019, under the criteria: being black, aged over 18 years and experiencing racism in public and/or private health services. Thirty-three people participated in this study: 28 people declared themselves black and 5 brown. Results: Among the main findingsare that 63.6% reported having suffered racism in public health services; 51.5% reported that discrimination occurred in the doctor’s office, and 21.9% during screening or in the medication room. Of the total, 93.9% believe that discrimination was started because they were black. Conclusion:Users identify racism when receiving health care, and that violence can distance them from care, especially promotion and prevention. It is necessary to affect health care in the light of the National Health Policy of the Black Population.Keywords: Perception, Discrimination, Health inequities,Racism, Access to health services

scholarly journals Characteristics of violence against children in a Brazilian Capital

2012 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 266-273 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maíra Rosa Apostólico ◽  
Caroline Rife Nóbrega ◽  
Rebeca Nunes Guedes ◽  
Rosa Maria Godoy Serpa da Fonseca ◽  
Emiko Yoshikawa Egry
Keyword(s):  
Retrospective Study ◽  
Sexual Violence ◽  
Gender Relations ◽  
Physical Violence ◽  
Quantitative Approach ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Violence Against Children ◽  
Frequent Type ◽  
The Social ◽  
Forms Of Violence

The purpose of this exploratory, descriptive and retrospective study with a quantitative approach was to characterize violence against children in Curitiba. Reports of 2004 through 2008 about compulsory denouncements of violence cases were analyzed. The results showed an increase in violence, with home violence as the most frequent type and five to nine-year-olds as the most affected group, and negligence and physical violence as the most denounced forms of violence. Almost 81% of the sexual violence is performed against girls and the father is the main aggressor, showing inequality in gender relations and between generations. The importance of notification as a visibility instrument is highlighted. Other confrontation measures are necessary though, such as the promotion of equitable relationships of gender and generation, and cross-sectional policies that involve the social segments in a praxis that transforms reality.

scholarly journals Epidemiology of snakebites in Colombia (2008-2016)

2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
pp. 1-5
Author(s):  
Leonardo José León-Núñez ◽  
Gabriel Camero-Ramos ◽  
José María Gutiérrez
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Social Protection ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Case Fatality ◽  
Wide Distribution ◽  
The Public ◽  
The Social ◽  
Quantitative Descriptive ◽  
Population Mortality

Objective To describe the main epidemiological features of snakebites in Colombia during the period 2008 to 2016.Methods A retrospective (quantitative) descriptive analytical empirical study was carried out, based on the official databases of the Public Health Surveillance in the Integral Information System of the Social Protection (SISPRO) and the Surveillance System in Public Health (Sivigila) of the reported cases of snakebites in Colombia for that period.Results In total, 37 066 cases were reported, with annual incidences ranging from 7.0 (2008) to 9.7 (2011 and 2012) cases per 100,000 population. Mortality rates ranged from 0.059 (2013) to 0.091 (2011) deaths per 100 000 population, with case fatality rates ranging from 0.6% (2013) to 1.0% (2010). Indigenous and Afro-Colombian populations were highly affected, and highest incidences occurred in males, and in people living in rural areas. The average age of affected people is 31.7 years (95% CI 28.3 34.5). The regions with higher incidence are Amazonia and Orinoquia. Species of the genus Bothrops are responsible for the highest number of bites (64.5%), owing to their wide distribution in Colombia. Regarding clinical manifestations, pain and edema were observed in 86.9% and 78.8% of patients, respectively. Cellulitis and abscesses were the most frequent local complications of these envenomings.Conclusions Results underscore the relevance of snakebite envenoming in Colombia, and provide information for improving the public health attention to these envenoming.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document